CN105318999A - Torque measurement method and torque measurement device - Google Patents
Torque measurement method and torque measurement device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105318999A CN105318999A CN201510908081.XA CN201510908081A CN105318999A CN 105318999 A CN105318999 A CN 105318999A CN 201510908081 A CN201510908081 A CN 201510908081A CN 105318999 A CN105318999 A CN 105318999A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L3/00—Measuring torque, work, mechanical power, or mechanical efficiency, in general
- G01L3/02—Rotary-transmission dynamometers
- G01L3/04—Rotary-transmission dynamometers wherein the torque-transmitting element comprises a torsionally-flexible shaft
- G01L3/10—Rotary-transmission dynamometers wherein the torque-transmitting element comprises a torsionally-flexible shaft involving electric or magnetic means for indicating
- G01L3/101—Rotary-transmission dynamometers wherein the torque-transmitting element comprises a torsionally-flexible shaft involving electric or magnetic means for indicating involving magnetic or electromagnetic means
- G01L3/104—Rotary-transmission dynamometers wherein the torque-transmitting element comprises a torsionally-flexible shaft involving electric or magnetic means for indicating involving magnetic or electromagnetic means involving permanent magnets
Abstract
The invention discloses a torque measurement device. The difference value of a rotating angle between a first permanent magnet rotor and a second permanent magnet rotor is obtained by an angle transducer, and a torque value of the measured piece is calculated by utilizing a processor. In the whole measuring process, the technical defects existing in the prior art such as low universality and low precision during torsion bar measurement are overcome, and the torque measurement device can be applied to measuring various torque values and is high in universality. Moreover, the device can be used for testing static torque as well as dynamic torque and is wide in application range; meanwhile, according to the torque measurement device, one part of structure of a permanent magnetic coupling device in the prior art is well utilized, and transformation is performed on the basis, so that the torque measurement device is simple in structure and low in manufacturing cost. In addition, when the input torque value is extremely large, due to slip between the first permanent magnet rotor and the second permanent magnet rotor, the whole torque measurement device is prevented from being locked, and the safety of the whole device and the measured piece is protected.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to torque measurement techniques field, be specifically related to a kind of torque measuring method and torque-measuring apparatus.
Background technology
Torque-measuring apparatus of the prior art mainly comprises strain gauge transducer and torsion bar, the method utilizing this measurement mechanism to measure moment of torsion is: if when needing to measure static torque, then one end of torsion bar be connected with measured piece and rotate under the driving of measured piece, the other end is fixed up, and measures the microdeformation amount of torsion bar under input torque effect like this measure torque value through signal conversion by strain gauge transducer; If need to measure dynamic torque, then one end of torsion bar be connected with measured piece and rotate under the driving of input torque, the other end freely rotates, and so also can measure the microdeformation amount of torsion bar under input torque effect by strain gauge transducer and indirectly record torque value.
There is following technical matters in torque-measuring apparatus of the prior art and the method utilizing this measurement mechanism to carry out torque measurement: carrys out indirect inspection torque value owing to needing the deflection by measuring torsion bar, if when the torque value of input exceedes measurement range, easily make torsion bar twist off, and then damage torque-measuring apparatus; If the moment of torsion of input is too small, is then difficult to torsion bar is out of shape delicately, thus affects sensitivity and the precision of torque-measuring apparatus.Therefore, the torsion bar in torque-measuring apparatus of the prior art is difficult to the measurement meeting the larger torque value of amplitude of variation, causes its versatility poor, often needs the different flexible torsion bar of torque-measuring apparatus configuration for different measuring scope.
In addition, a kind of method not needing can indirectly obtain by measuring the deflection of torsion bar under input torque effect torque value is also there is in prior art, such as, Chinese periodical document " heavy still bottoms magnetic transmission gear pump magnetic coupling torque arithmetic " (Yang Fengyu, what is the tinkling of pieces of jade again) disclose a kind of analytic sensitivity to the torque value that permanent magnetic coupling transmits, it is completely by the mode of theoretical model and supposition, the relation equation that derivation provides between permanent magnetic coupling torque value and multiparameter, this kind of method does not need the deflection measuring torsion bar, therefore, overcome the defect utilizing torsion bar to measure poor universality, but, because this kind of method is the theory deduction formula under assumed conditions, inevitably omit and assume some parameters, and analytic expression is complicated, thus cause the accuracy of result of calculation to be affected.
In sum, how the high torque-measuring apparatus of a kind of versatility is provided and provides a kind of versatility high and measuring accuracy is high torque measuring method is the technical barrier also do not solved in prior art.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that overcoming torque measuring method of the prior art cannot meet higher versatility and the technological deficiency compared with high measurement accuracy simultaneously, thus provides a kind of versatility high and the torque-measuring apparatus that measuring accuracy is high.
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is also the technological deficiency overcoming torque-measuring apparatus poor universality of the prior art, thus provides the torque measuring method that a kind of versatility is high.
For this reason, a kind of torque-measuring apparatus provided by the invention, comprising:
First p-m rotor, comprises the first rotating shaft and is arranged on the first permanent magnet in the first rotating shaft;
Second p-m rotor, comprises the second rotating shaft and is arranged on the second permanent magnet in the second rotating shaft;
Described first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are coaxially arranged, and described first rotating shaft is connected with measured piece, and described second rotating shaft is fixed or freely rotates with measured piece, and the magnetic pole of described first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet mutually mates and is provided with air gap;
Described torque-measuring apparatus, also comprises,
Angular transducer, for measure described first rotating shaft driven and rotated time, the difference of the rotational angle between described first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor;
Processor, the angu-lar deviation utilizing test figure to set up-torque curve equation calculates the first p-m rotor torque value corresponding with the angu-lar deviation of the second p-m rotor.
Further, torque-measuring apparatus provided by the invention, described first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet have identical magnetic pole logarithm.
Further, torque-measuring apparatus provided by the invention, the arrangement mode of described first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet is that N-S pole is alternately arranged or Halbach array.
Further, torque-measuring apparatus provided by the invention, described angular transducer comprises, and is arranged on the first angular transducer on the first p-m rotor, and is arranged on the second angular transducer on the second p-m rotor.
The present invention also provides a kind of torque measuring method,
Set up in torque-measuring apparatus by test figure and there is the first rotating shaft 1 and be arranged on the first p-m rotor of the first permanent magnet 2 in the first rotating shaft 1 and there is the second rotating shaft 4 and be arranged on the angu-lar deviation-torque curve equation of the second p-m rotor of the second permanent magnet 3 in the second rotating shaft 4;
Utilize the first p-m rotor described in measured piece driving torque measurement mechanism to rotate, described second p-m rotor is fixed or freely rotates;
Utilize the angu-lar deviation between angular transducer described first p-m rotor of measurement and the second p-m rotor;
The first p-m rotor utilizing processor to set up according to test figure and the angu-lar deviation between the second p-m rotor-torque curve equation calculate torque value corresponding to the angu-lar deviation of actual measurement.
Further, torque measuring method of the present invention, the described step being set up the angu-lar deviation-torque curve equation of the first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor in torque-measuring apparatus by test figure is specifically comprised:
To the first p-m rotor or a series of known torque value of one of them input of the second p-m rotor, make a wherein axis of rotation, another root rotating shaft is fixed or freely rotates with measured piece;
Angular transducer is utilized to measure angu-lar deviation between the first p-m rotor corresponding under each torque value effect determined and the second p-m rotor;
Mapping relations according to a series of angu-lar deviation and torque value obtain angu-lar deviation-torque curve equation by the mode of curve.
Further, torque measuring method of the present invention, the torque-measuring apparatus adopting described first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet to have identical magnetic pole logarithm is measured, and the described step being set up the angu-lar deviation-torque curve equation of the first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor in torque-measuring apparatus by test figure is specifically comprised:
To the torque value that the first rotating shaft or the second rotating shaft input increase continuously;
By there is torque value when skidding between described first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor and angu-lar deviation determines sinusoidal amplitude and cycle respectively;
By described cycle and described amplitude determination angu-lar deviation-moment of torsion sinusoidal curve equation.
Further, torque measuring method of the present invention, described amplitude equals the torque value that the critical moment skidded occurs between the first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor;
The described cycle equals the angu-lar deviation that the critical moment skidded occurs between first p-m rotor of four times and the second p-m rotor.
Technical scheme provided by the invention, tool has the following advantages:
1. torque-measuring apparatus of the present invention, not only can as the transferring elements of moment of torsion, and, owing to being provided with angular transducer and processor, therefore, it can obtain the difference of the anglec of rotation between the first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor by angular transducer, and utilizes processor to calculate the torque value of measured piece; In whole measuring process, torsion bar is not needed or not the deflection by measuring torsion bar to carry out indirect inspection moment of torsion yet, thus avoid in prior art the technological deficiency adopting torsion bar to measure poor universality and the low precision existed, above-mentioned torque-measuring apparatus can be applied to the measurement of various torque value, and versatility is good; Further, this device both can be used for tested static moment of torsion also can test dynamic torque, wide accommodation; Meanwhile, above-mentioned torque-measuring apparatus make use of a part of structure of permanent magnet coupling device in prior art well, transforms on this basis, makes the structure of torque-measuring apparatus simple, cheap for manufacturing cost; In addition; between first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor, there is air gap, when the torque value inputted is excessive, occurred " skidding " by the first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor; prevent whole torque-measuring apparatus locking, protect the safety of whole device and measured piece.
2. torque-measuring apparatus of the present invention, when first p-m rotor is identical with the magnetic pole logarithm of the second p-m rotor, after the first rotating shaft and the second axis of rotation are stablized, first rotating shaft is identical with the rotating speed of the second rotating shaft, the angu-lar deviation of the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft can not change because of the change of time, the angu-lar deviation of the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft can the random time after slow-roll stabilization be measured, and makes measurement convenient.
3. torque-measuring apparatus of the present invention, magnet steel arrangement adopts N-S pole to be alternately arranged and Halbach array (HalbachArray) all can make to be formed between the moment of torsion of the first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor transmission and angu-lar deviation the form of Sine distribution, angu-lar deviation-torque curve is made to be more close to sinusoidal curve, make on-site proving more convenient, more accurate to the measurement of moment of torsion.
4. torque measuring method provided by the invention, angu-lar deviation-torque curve the equation of torque-measuring apparatus is first set up by test figure, then by the angu-lar deviation between measurement first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor, obtain according to angu-lar deviation-torque curve the measurement that namely torque value corresponding to this angu-lar deviation achieve moment of torsion.In whole measuring process, torsion bar is not needed or not the deflection by measuring torsion bar to measure moment of torsion yet, thus avoiding in prior art the technological deficiency adopting torsion bar to measure poor universality and the low precision existed, above-mentioned torque measuring method can measure various torque value, and versatility is good; Further, the method both can be used for tested static moment of torsion also can test dynamic torque, wide accommodation; In addition, between the first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor, there is air gap, when the torque value of measured piece is excessive; by " skidding " between the first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor;, prevent whole torque-measuring apparatus locking, protect the safety of whole device and measured piece.
5. torque measuring method provided by the invention, because the first p-m rotor in described torque-measuring apparatus and the second p-m rotor have identical magnetic pole logarithm, therefore after the first rotating shaft and the second axis of rotation are stablized, first rotating shaft is identical with the rotating speed of the second rotating shaft, the angu-lar deviation of the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft can not change because of the change of time, the angu-lar deviation of the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft can the random time after slow-roll stabilization be measured, and makes measurement convenient.Further, angu-lar deviation-torque curve is approximate expression is y=Asin (2 π x/T ') sinusoidal curve (more close to sinusoidal curve when magnetic pole logarithm is higher), and wherein A is amplitude, and T ' is the cycle.In this expression formula, only A and T ' is unknown number, to the moment of torsion that the first rotating shaft or the second rotating shaft input increase continuously, measures the torque value T that skidding critical moment occurs between the first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor
maxwith angu-lar deviation φ ', and amplitude A=T
max, cycle T ' and=4 φ ', therefore the test metering system of this angu-lar deviation-torque curve is simple, convenient and swift, can obtain rapidly angu-lar deviation-torque curve.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the specific embodiment of the invention or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of permanent magnet N-S pole alternating pattern in the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the torque-measuring apparatus of cartridge type;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the torque-measuring apparatus of disc type;
Fig. 4 is the angu-lar deviation-torque curve meeting sine function relation in the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-first rotating shaft; 2-first permanent magnet; 3-second permanent magnet; 4-second rotating shaft.
Embodiment
Be clearly and completely described technical scheme of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, obviously, described embodiment is the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
In describing the invention, it should be noted that, orientation or the position relationship of the instruction such as term " " center ", " on ", D score, "left", "right", " vertically ", " level ", " interior ", " outward " they be based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship; be only the present invention for convenience of description and simplified characterization; instead of instruction or imply the device of indication or element must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.In addition, term " first ", " second ", " the 3rd " only for describing object, and can not be interpreted as instruction or hint relative importance.
In describing the invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " being connected ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, and such as, can be fixedly connected with, also can be removably connect, or connect integratedly; Can be mechanical connection, also can be electrical connection; Can be directly be connected, also indirectly can be connected by intermediary, can be the connection of two element internals.For the ordinary skill in the art, concrete condition above-mentioned term concrete meaning in the present invention can be understood.
In addition, if below in the described different embodiment of the present invention involved technical characteristic do not form conflict each other and just can be combined with each other.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides a kind of torque-measuring apparatus, comprising:
First p-m rotor, the first permanent magnet 2 comprising the first rotating shaft 1 and be arranged in the first rotating shaft 1;
Second p-m rotor, the second permanent magnet 3 comprising the second rotating shaft 4 and be arranged in the second rotating shaft 4;
Described first rotating shaft 1 and the second rotating shaft 4 are coaxially arranged, described first rotating shaft 1 is connected with measured piece, described second rotating shaft 4 is fixed (when measuring static torque) or is freely rotated (when measuring dynamic torque) with measured piece, and the magnetic pole of described first permanent magnet 2 and the second permanent magnet 3 mutually mates and is provided with air gap;
Described torque-measuring apparatus, also comprises,
Angular transducer, for measure described first p-m rotor by input torque drive and rotate time, the difference of the rotational angle between described first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor;
Processor, the first p-m rotor utilizing test figure to set up and the angu-lar deviation between the second p-m rotor-torque curve equation are to torque value corresponding to the angu-lar deviation calculating actual measurement.
Above-mentioned torque-measuring apparatus, can also as the transferring elements of moment of torsion, and, owing to being provided with angular transducer and processor, therefore, it can obtain the difference of the anglec of rotation between the first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor by angular transducer, and utilize processor to calculate the torque value of measured piece, in whole measuring process, torsion bar is not needed or not the deflection by measuring torsion bar to measure moment of torsion yet, thus avoid in prior art the technological deficiency adopting torsion bar to measure poor universality and the low precision existed, above-mentioned torque-measuring apparatus can be applied to the measurement of various torque value, versatility is good, further, this device both can be used for tested static moment of torsion also can test dynamic torque, wide accommodation, simultaneously, above-mentioned torque-measuring apparatus make use of a part of structure of permanent magnet coupling device in prior art well, transform on this basis, make the structure of torque-measuring apparatus simple, cheap for manufacturing cost, and breach the defect that traditional permanent magnet coupling device can only use as torque transfer member, in addition, there is air gap between the first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor, when the torque value inputted is excessive, by the skidding between the first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor, prevent whole torque-measuring apparatus locking, protect the safety of whole device and measured piece.Preferably, in above-mentioned torque-measuring apparatus, described first permanent magnet 2 and the second permanent magnet 3 have identical magnetic pole logarithm.
When first p-m rotor is identical with the magnetic pole logarithm of the second p-m rotor, after the first rotating shaft 1 and the second rotating shaft 4 slow-roll stabilization, first rotating shaft 1 is identical with the rotating speed of the second rotating shaft 4, the angu-lar deviation of the first rotating shaft 1 and the second rotating shaft 4 is constant, and the angu-lar deviation between the first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor is convenient to measure and is read.
Preferably, the arrangement mode of described first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor magnetic pole is preferably Halbach array (HalbachArray), certainly, also can be that N-S pole is alternately arranged, be illustrated in figure 1 N-S pole and be alternately arranged.The moment of torsion that N-S pole is alternately arranged and Halbach array (HalbachArray) all can make the first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor transmit and angu-lar deviation are sinusoidal curve, more convenient to the demarcation of angu-lar deviation-torque curve like this, more accurate to the measurement of moment of torsion.
Preferably, angular transducer comprises, and is arranged on the first angular transducer on the first p-m rotor, is arranged on the second angular transducer (not shown) on the second p-m rotor.
When measuring dynamic torque, the anglec of rotation of the first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor measured respectively by first angular transducer and the second angular transducer, the anglec of rotation recorded is transferred in processor, and two values are subtracted each other to take absolute value and obtained angu-lar deviation by processor.When measuring static torque, because the second p-m rotor is fixed, that root rotating shaft be fixed does not rotate, and the reading being arranged on the second angular transducer in this root rotating shaft is 0 forever, and therefore, the first angular transducer anglec of rotation is angu-lar deviation.Angu-lar deviation-torque curve the equation of processor experimentally data scaling calculates torque value corresponding to actual measurement angu-lar deviation.
In above-mentioned torque-measuring apparatus, in first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor, the arrangement form of magnet steel can be cartridge type, as shown in Figure 2, namely, first permanent magnet 2 and the second permanent magnet 3 are established and are all put in the circumferential wall of cylindrical mounting portion, the first permanent magnet 2 and the second permanent magnet 3 in the tubular circumferential wall of the first rotating shaft 1 and the second rotating shaft 4 in axial arranged.The arrangement form of the first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor magnet steel also can be disc type, as shown in Figure 3, namely, first permanent magnet 2 and the second permanent magnet 3 are established and are all put on the end face of disc installation portion, and the first permanent magnet 2 and the second permanent magnet 3 are radially arranged on the dish type end face of the first rotating shaft 1 and the second rotating shaft 4.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides a kind of method utilizing the torque-measuring apparatus recorded in embodiment 1 to carry out torque measurement.
When it is for measuring dynamic torque, comprise the following steps:
S1: set up in torque-measuring apparatus by test figure and there is the first rotating shaft 1 and be arranged on the first p-m rotor of the first permanent magnet 2 in the first rotating shaft 1 and there is the second rotating shaft 4 and be arranged on the angu-lar deviation-torque curve equation of the second p-m rotor of the second permanent magnet 3 in the second rotating shaft 4;
S2: utilize the first p-m rotor described in measured piece driving torque measurement mechanism to rotate, described second p-m rotor freely rotates with measured piece;
S3: when the first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor reach run-in synchronism, utilizes angular transducer to measure angu-lar deviation between the first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor.For measuring schematic diagram during dynamic torque in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, first rotating shaft 1 is connected with measured piece, first rotating shaft 1 is rotated by input torque, due to the magnetic couple effect between the first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor, first p-m rotor drives the second p-m rotor to rotate, after the first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor reach synchronous rotational speed, measure the angu-lar deviation (△ φ) (with under original state, between the first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor, angular deviation is zero as standard) of two p-m rotors;
S4: utilize processor experimentally angu-lar deviation-torque curve equation of setting up of data to torque value (T1 of angu-lar deviation φ 1 correspondence) corresponding to the angu-lar deviation calculating actual measurement.
When it is for measuring static torque, comprise the following steps:
S1: the angu-lar deviation-torque curve equation being set up the first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor in torque-measuring apparatus by test figure;
S2: apply moment of torsion to the first p-m rotor, the second p-m rotor is fixed.
S3: measure this value input processor after the first p-m rotor angular deviation numerical stability;
S4: utilize processor experimentally angu-lar deviation-torque curve equation of setting up of data to torque value (T1 of angu-lar deviation φ 1 correspondence) corresponding to the angu-lar deviation calculating actual measurement.
Technique scheme is core technology scheme of the present invention, the main thought of its design is: data set up the angu-lar deviation-torque curve equation of torque-measuring apparatus first by experiment, then the angu-lar deviation of measurement first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor is passed through, calculate torque value corresponding to angu-lar deviation according to angu-lar deviation-torque curve, namely achieve the measurement of moment of torsion.In whole measuring process, torsion bar is not needed or not the deflection by measuring torsion bar to measure moment of torsion yet, thus avoid in prior art the technological deficiency adopting torsion bar to measure poor universality and the low precision existed, above-mentioned torque measuring method can be applied to measures various torque value, and versatility is good; Further, the method both can be used for tested static moment of torsion also can test dynamic torque, wide accommodation; In addition; be provided with air gap between first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor, when input torque value is excessive, the first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor can skid because exceeding testing range; prevent whole torque-measuring apparatus locking, protect the safety of whole device and measured piece.
As preferably embodiment, the described step being set up the angu-lar deviation-torque curve equation of the first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor in torque-measuring apparatus by test figure is specifically comprised:
S11: to the first p-m rotor or a series of known torque value of one of them input of the second p-m rotor, another p-m rotor is fixed (demarcating the angu-lar deviation-torque curve equation of static torque) or freely rotate (angu-lar deviation-torque curve equation demarcating dynamic torque) with measured piece;
S12: record the angu-lar deviation between the first p-m rotor corresponding under each known input torque effect and the second p-m rotor by angular transducer;
S13: the data acquisition of a series of angu-lar deviation obtained and torque value mapping relations is obtained angu-lar deviation-torque curve equation by the mode of curve.
Owing to being the mode adopting curve, demarcate angu-lar deviation-torque curve equation by measuring multi-group data, the data point of measurement is more, the curve obtained is more accurate, the measuring accuracy adopting this measuring method can reach very high, it should be noted that, curve is prior art.
Introduce a kind of measuring method of concrete curve below:
To torque T 1, T2 that the first rotating shaft or the second rotating shaft input increase continuously ... Tn;
Meet 0<T1<T2< ... <Tn;
Record a series of torque value T1, T2 ... angu-lar deviation between the first p-m rotor that Tn is corresponding and the second p-m rotor
According to the mapping relations one by one between the angu-lar deviation of two p-m rotors and torque value, obtain angu-lar deviation and torque data sample
According to angu-lar deviation and torque curve measured data, angu-lar deviation and torque curve equation are carried out curve fitting (such as adopting least square method), obtain optimum undetermined coefficient A and B;
Thus obtain angu-lar deviation-torque curve equation.As a kind of alternative method setting up angu-lar deviation-torque curve, the torque-measuring apparatus adopting the first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor to have identical magnetic pole logarithm is measured, and the described step by testing the angu-lar deviation-torque curve set up in torque-measuring apparatus between the first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor specifically comprises:
S11: the moment of torsion increased continuously to the first p-m rotor or the input of the second p-m rotor;
S12: determine amplitude and cycle respectively by torque value and angu-lar deviation that the critical moment skidded occurs between the first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor;
S13: by described cycle and amplitude determination angu-lar deviation-torque curve equation.
Arranging due to described first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor magnet steel adopts N-S pole to be alternately arranged or Halbach array, expression formula closely y=Asin (2 π the x/T ') sinusoidal curve (more close to sinusoidal curve when magnetic pole logarithm is higher) of the angu-lar deviation-torque curve of two p-m rotors, wherein A is amplitude, and T ' is the cycle.In this expression formula, only A and T ' is unknown number, inputs the moment of torsion increased continuously, by there is torque value (this value the is maximum torque) T of the critical moment skidded between the first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor to the first rotating shaft 1 or the second rotating shaft 4
maxwith angu-lar deviation (angu-lar deviation corresponding under maximum torque) φ ', and amplitude A=T
maxcycle T '=4 φ ', therefore the test metering system of this angu-lar deviation-torque curve is simple, convenient and swift, can obtain rapidly angu-lar deviation-torque curve as shown in Figure 4, in Fig. 4, horizontal ordinate is two p-m rotor angu-lar deviation φ, and ordinate is torque T.Testing the angu-lar deviation-torque curve equation obtained is deposited in processor, then accepts calling of processor.
It should be noted that, when measuring dynamic torque, usually an angular transducer is respectively set on the first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor, measure the anglec of rotation of the first rotating shaft 1 and the second rotating shaft 4 respectively, the anglec of rotation of the first rotating shaft 1 recorded and the second rotating shaft 4 is subtracted each other and can be obtained angu-lar deviation.When measuring static torque, due to the first p-m rotor or the second p-m rotor, one of them is fixed, and thus only need arrange an angular transducer.By the angu-lar deviation input processor of actual measurement, namely obtain torque value by processor calculating.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only for clearly example being described, and the restriction not to embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here exhaustive without the need to also giving all embodiments.And thus the apparent change of extending out or variation be still among the protection domain of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. a torque-measuring apparatus, is characterized in that, comprising:
First p-m rotor, comprises the first rotating shaft (1) and is arranged on the first permanent magnet (2) in the first rotating shaft (1);
Second p-m rotor, comprises the second rotating shaft (4) and is arranged on the second permanent magnet (3) in the second rotating shaft (4);
Described first rotating shaft (1) and the second rotating shaft (4) are coaxially arranged, described first rotating shaft (1) is connected with measured piece, described second rotating shaft (4) is fixing or freely rotate with measured piece, and the magnetic pole of described first permanent magnet (2) and the second permanent magnet (3) mutually mates and is provided with air gap;
Described torque-measuring apparatus, also comprises,
Angular transducer, for measure described first rotating shaft (1) driven and rotated time, the difference of the rotational angle between described first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor;
Processor, the angu-lar deviation utilizing test figure to set up-torque curve equation calculates the first p-m rotor torque value corresponding with the angu-lar deviation of the second p-m rotor.
2. torque-measuring apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described first permanent magnet (2) and the second permanent magnet (3) have identical magnetic pole logarithm.
3. torque-measuring apparatus according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the arrangement mode of described first permanent magnet (2) and the second permanent magnet (3) is that N-S pole is alternately arranged or Halbach array.
4. torque-measuring apparatus according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described angular transducer comprises, and is arranged on the first angular transducer on the first p-m rotor, and is arranged on the second angular transducer on the second p-m rotor.
5. a torque measuring method, is characterized in that:
Set up in torque-measuring apparatus by test figure and there is the first rotating shaft (1) and be arranged on the first p-m rotor of the first permanent magnet (2) in the first rotating shaft (1) and there is the second rotating shaft (4) and be arranged on the angu-lar deviation-torque curve equation of the second p-m rotor of the second permanent magnet (3) in the second rotating shaft (4);
Utilize the first p-m rotor described in measured piece driving torque measurement mechanism to rotate, described second p-m rotor is fixed or freely rotates;
Utilize the angu-lar deviation between angular transducer described first p-m rotor of measurement and the second p-m rotor;
The first p-m rotor utilizing processor to set up according to test figure and the angu-lar deviation between the second p-m rotor-torque curve equation calculate torque value corresponding to the angu-lar deviation of actual measurement.
6. torque measuring method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the described step being set up the angu-lar deviation-torque curve equation of the first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor in torque-measuring apparatus by test figure is specifically comprised:
To the first p-m rotor or a series of known torque value of one of them input of the second p-m rotor, make a wherein axis of rotation, another root rotating shaft is fixed or freely rotates with measured piece;
Angular transducer is utilized to measure angu-lar deviation between the first p-m rotor corresponding under each torque value effect determined and the second p-m rotor;
Mapping relations according to a series of angu-lar deviation and torque value obtain angu-lar deviation-torque curve equation by the mode of curve.
7. torque measuring method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the torque-measuring apparatus adopting described first permanent magnet (2) and the second permanent magnet (3) to have identical magnetic pole logarithm is measured, and the described step being set up the angu-lar deviation-torque curve equation of the first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor in torque-measuring apparatus by test figure is specifically comprised:
To the torque value that the first p-m rotor or the input of the second p-m rotor increase continuously;
By there is torque value when skidding between described first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor and angu-lar deviation determines sinusoidal amplitude and cycle respectively;
By described cycle and described amplitude determination angu-lar deviation-moment of torsion sinusoidal curve equation.
8. torque measuring method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described amplitude equals the torque value that the critical moment skidded occurs between the first p-m rotor and the second p-m rotor;
The described cycle equals the angu-lar deviation that the critical moment skidded occurs between first p-m rotor of four times and the second p-m rotor.
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