CN105315051A - Special organic and inorganic compound fertilizer for radish - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a special organic and inorganic compound fertilizer for radish, wherein ten steps such as absorption release fertilizer matrix material preparing, fertilizer retention matrix material preparing, fertilizer-philic matrix material preparing, root-philic organic fertilizer preparing, material mixing, testing, matching, multiple element inorganic fertilizer preparing, compounding, and granulating are performed to complete the process. According to the present invention, the adsorption structure in the soil can be improved so as to easily absorb and release the nutrition elements released from the compound fertilizer and prevent the nutrition elements released from the compound fertilizer from loss; with the fertilizer-philic matrix material and the root-philic organic fertilizer, the compound fertilizer can well contact and affine the fibrous root of the radish so as to improve the absorption efficiency of the fibrous root on the nutrition elements; the nutrient structure meets the needs of the radish; and with the special organic and inorganic compound fertilizer for radish, the fertilizer utilization rate can be improved, the fertilizer loss can be reduced, the harm on the ecological environment is reduced, the healthy growth of the radish is promoted, the dry matter accumulation is improved, the yield and the quality of the radish are improved, the radish yield is increased by 18-27%, and the economic benefits are substantially improved.

Description

A kind of radish organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, particularly a kind of radish organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special meeting radish trophic structure and absorption characteristic.

Background technology

Fertilizer occupies very important status in modern agricultural production, along with modern agriculture, the development of profitable agriculture, fertilizer amount is increasing, but owing to there are some irrational factors in use procedure, the effect of fertilizer is caused effectively not played, make fertilizer range of distribution uneven, waste is serious, soil fertility declines, utilization rate of fertilizer reduces, the a large amount of entered environment of the fertilizer of utilization absorbed by crops is not had after using, to environment, ecotope is destroyed, not only destroy land resources, and threat is also constituted to human health.

In order to improve the utilization ratio of fertilizer, reduce environmental pollution, industry investigated a lot of way, first be study the emission and absorption efficiency how improving N, P, K, then study again concrete crop to cut the waste to the demand of fertilizer, then study again and in conjunction with crop demand, fertilizer nutrient structure is configured to the nutrient contg of concrete soil, create various fertilizer varieties for concrete crop.

Current China radish crop-planting mainly relies on merely uses chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals in a large number to keep the high yield of radish, to the havoc that radish planting soil and environment cause, there is non-equilibrium enrichment in the soil nutrient that consequently the radish planting time is longer, soil nutrient unbalanced supply, cause radish Quality Down, farmland ecological environment worsens.

Number of patent application 201010599434X discloses " long-acting complex fertilizer that a kind of radish is special ", this patent is according to the regulation of fertilizer requirement of radish, provide a kind of containing macronutrients such as N, P, K, the specificity also containing a certain proportion of medium trace element is strong, the fertilizer special for turnip of comprehensive nutrition, balanced and reasonable.But, this patent merely provides a kind of trophic structure and meets the fertilizer of radish plant to the demand structure of nutrition, do not have to consider how to enable fertilizer effectively be discharged, preserve and make the coring of radish plant effectively absorb fertilizer, so that this kind of fertilizer still cannot be utilized effectively in actual applications, also there will be nutrient loss, soil nutrient is unbalance, causes environmental pollution.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of nutritional needs structure both having met radish, fertilizer can be enable again effectively to be discharged and make the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer that the coring of radish effectively absorbs, to improve the utilization ratio of fertilizer, promote the healthy growth of radish, and reduce the pollution because fertilizer nutrient runs off to environment.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is a kind of radish organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special, release fertilizer ground substance material, preparation fertilizer conservation substrate material by preparation suction, prepare close fertilizer ground substance material, prepare close root organic fertilizer, batch mixing, inspection, formula, preparation macroelement mineral manure, compound, granulation totally ten large steps complete, concrete grammar is as follows.

(1) prepare suction and release fertilizer ground substance material: according to weight part, carbonized wood ground-slag 1 part, open bore pearlstone 6-10 part mix and blend are heated to 60-65 DEG C, then continue to stir cooling after 10-15 minute; Wherein carbonized wood ground-slag is that carbonized wood sizing is carefully crossed gained after 400 mesh sieves afterwards; Open bore pearlstone is that perlite ore TRANSIENT HIGH TEMPERATURE after preheating is heated to temperature 1000-1300 DEG C of roasting, and the moisture in ore in sand form is vaporized, and causes ore in sand form internal expansion 10-30 doubly, forms the particulate material of cellular structures.

(2) prepare fertilizer conservation substrate material: according to weight part by starch 1 part, clay powder 45-55 part mixing and stirring; Wherein clay powder for unselected clay dried rear levigate after 200 mesh sieves gained.

(3) prepare close fertilizer ground substance material: the soil getting the coring place of front stubble radish plant according to weight part, dry together with remaining coring, levigate rear mistake 100 mesh sieve.

(4) prepare close root organic fertilizer: saleratus 1 part, radish old petiole powder 4-6 part, excrement of animals 45-55 part fully to be mixed according to weight part and mix thoroughly, then in in-vessel composting system, be piled into the fertilizer heap of high 1.8-2.0 rice, standing for fermentation again, become thoroughly decomposed 40-45 days, within every 9 days, once turns over mixed; Wherein excrement of animals is to moisture content 30% ~ 40% gained by air-dry for excrement of animals; Radish old petiole powder is that old for radish petiole is ground into particle diameter at below 2mm gained; Saleratus joins in 100 parts, water according to weight part by sucrose 10 parts, be heated to 60 DEG C while stirring and make sucrose dissolved, then add rice chaff 50 parts, tea oil cake 50 parts, dregs of beans 39 parts be fully uniformly mixed, add yeast powder 1 part again, fully be uniformly mixed rear stacking, keep heap warm 65-75 DEG C to continuously ferment 40-45 days, then add 200 parts of black stump chalks and stir gained.

(5) batch mixing: suction released 1 part, fertilizer ground substance material, fertilizer conservation substrate material 1 part, 1 part, close fertilizer ground substance material and close root organic fertilizer 7-13 part according to weight part and fully mix and mix thoroughly, obtain mixture.

(6) check: then N, P in inspection by sampling mixture ₂o ₅, K ₂the content of O and organic matter.

(7) fill a prescription: calculate the nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer component that need to add according to assay, make finally containing N, P in the Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of mixture ₂o ₅, K ₂o and the content ratio comprising other organic materials are 5%:2%:8%:85%.

(8) prepare macroelement mineral manure: contain N, P according to step calculation result preparation (7) ₂o ₅, K ₂the mineral manure of O.

(9) compound: by mixture and containing N, P ₂o ₅, K ₂the mineral manure of O carries out compound, makes it fully mix.

(10) granulation: the mixture after compound is carried out granulation, obtains radish organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows in Chemical Mixed Fertilizer that containing suction releases fertilizer ground substance material, it can improve the adsorption structure in soil after being manured into soil, and is convenient to the nutritive element adsorbing and discharge in release Chemical Mixed Fertilizer; Containing fertilizer conservation substrate material, the nutrient element loss discharged in Chemical Mixed Fertilizer can be prevented; Particularly containing close fertilizer ground substance material, from the soil at front stubble radish coring place, after being manured into soil, Chemical Mixed Fertilizer can be made to contact the coring with affine radish better, improve coring to the assimilated efficiency of nutritive element; Parent's root organic fertilizer for core material composting, equally also can make Chemical Mixed Fertilizer contact the coring with affine radish better with the old petiole powder of radish, improves coring to the assimilated efficiency of nutritive element; Meanwhile, be core material with tea oil cake in the saleratus that adopts of heap composting, effectively can kill the germ in soil; Weight percent again according to 5%:2%:8%:85% after these mixing of materials is prepared N, P, K and comprises the proportion of composing of other organic materials, this ratio meets the distinctive soil composition in Wuling mountain area and the nutrition structure required for radish; Use the present invention can improve the utilization ratio of fertilizer, reduce fertilizer nutrient and run off, reduce the harm to ecotope, promote the healthy growth of radish, improve dry-matter accumulation amount, improve radish yield and quality, make radish increase production 18%-27%, substantially increase economic benefit.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.

Embodiment 1.

First prepare suction and release fertilizer ground substance material, carbonized wood sizing is carefully crossed 400 mesh sieves afterwards, obtains carbonized wood ground-slag; Perlite ore TRANSIENT HIGH TEMPERATURE after preheating is heated to temperature 1000-1300 DEG C of roasting, the moisture in ore in sand form is vaporized, cause ore in sand form internal expansion 10-30 doubly, form the particulate material of cellular structures, obtain open bore pearlstone; Then get carbonized wood ground-slag 100kg, open bore pearlstone 600kg to close and be heated with stirring to 60 DEG C, then continue stirring and cool after 15 minutes, obtain suction and release fertilizer ground substance material; Prepare fertilizer conservation substrate material again, unselected clay is dried and levigately obtains clay powder after 200 mesh sieves afterwards; Get starch 10kg, clay 450kg mixing and stirring, obtain fertilizer conservation substrate material; Prepare close fertilizer ground substance again, get the soil 500kg at the coring place of front stubble radish plant, dry together with coring, levigate rear mistake 100 mesh sieve, obtains close fertilizer ground substance; Then close root organic fertilizer is prepared, sucrose 10kg is joined in 100kg water, be heated to 60 DEG C while stirring, make sucrose dissolved, then add rice chaff 50kg, tea oil cake 50kg, dregs of beans 39kg is fully uniformly mixed, then adds yeast powder 1kg, again fully be uniformly mixed rear stacking, keep heap temperature 65 DEG C to continuously ferment 45 days, and then add 200kg black stump chalk, stir and namely obtain saleratus; Old for fresh radish petiole is ground into particle diameter and obtains the old petiole powder of radish at below 2mm; Excrement of animals is obtained to moisture content 30% by air-dry for excrement of animals; Then saleratus 100kg, radish old petiole powder 400kg, excrement of animals 4500kg are fully mixed and mix thoroughly, then in in-vessel composting system, be piled into the fertilizer heap of high 1.8 meters, then standing for fermentation, become thoroughly decomposed 45 days, within every 9 days, once turn over mixed, finally obtain close root organic fertilizer.

Then carry out batch mixing, suction is released fertilizer ground substance material 100kg, fertilizer conservation substrate material 100kg, close fertilizer ground substance material 100kg and close root organic fertilizer 700kg and fully mix and mix thoroughly, obtain mixture; Then N, P in inspection by sampling mixture ₂o ₅, K ₂the content of O and organic matter, records full nitrogen 2.38%, available phosphorus 1.63%, full potassium 1.07%, organic 51.88%.

Calculate the nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer component that need to add according to assay, make finally containing N, P in the Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of mixture ₂o ₅, K ₂o and the content ratio comprising other organic materials are 5%:2%:8%:85%; So get mixture 7997kg, the urea 637kg of nitrogen content 46.3%, the monoammonium phosphate 134kg of phosphorus content 52% and nitrogen content 11%, the Repone K 1232kg of potassium content 58.0%, its abundant compound is mixed, then granulation, obtain nitrogenous 5%, available phosphorus 2%, full potassium 8%, organic 41.49% radish organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special 10000kg.

In March, 2013, this fertilizer is used for Xiushan government's bank great Shan village, town radish planting model field 2 mu, use this fertile 500kg for every mu, during results, average yield per mu reaches 6280.5kg, 969.7kg is added, volume increase 18.26% than the contrast field average yield per mu 5310.8kg using the common domestic Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the nutrients such as equivalent.

Embodiment 2.

First prepare suction and release fertilizer ground substance material, carbonized wood sizing is carefully crossed 400 mesh sieves afterwards, obtains carbonized wood ground-slag; Perlite ore TRANSIENT HIGH TEMPERATURE after preheating is heated to temperature 1150 DEG C of roastings, the moisture in ore in sand form is vaporized, cause ore in sand form internal expansion 10-30 doubly, form the particulate material of cellular structures, obtain open bore pearlstone; Then get carbonized wood ground-slag 100kg, open bore pearlstone 800kg to close and be heated with stirring to 62.5 DEG C, then continue stirring and cool after 12.5 minutes, obtain suction and release fertilizer ground substance material; Prepare fertilizer conservation substrate material again, unselected clay is dried and levigately obtains clay powder after 200 mesh sieves afterwards; Get starch 10kg, clay 500kg mixing and stirring, obtain fertilizer conservation substrate material; Prepare close fertilizer ground substance again, get the soil 500kg at the coring place of front stubble radish plant, dry together with coring, levigate rear mistake 100 mesh sieve, obtains close fertilizer ground substance; Then close root organic fertilizer is prepared, sucrose 10kg is joined in 100kg water, be heated to 60 DEG C while stirring, make sucrose dissolved, then add rice chaff 50kg, tea oil cake 50kg, dregs of beans 39kg is fully uniformly mixed, then adds yeast powder 1kg, again fully be uniformly mixed rear stacking, keep heap temperature 70 DEG C to continuously ferment 42.5 days, and then add 200kg black stump chalk, stir and namely obtain saleratus; Old for fresh radish petiole is ground into particle diameter and obtains the old petiole powder of radish at below 2mm; Excrement of animals is obtained to moisture content 35% by air-dry for excrement of animals; Then saleratus 100kg, radish old petiole powder 500kg, excrement of animals 5000kg are fully mixed and mix thoroughly, then in in-vessel composting system, be piled into the fertilizer heap of high 1.9 meters, then standing for fermentation, become thoroughly decomposed 42.5 days, within every 9 days, once turn over mixed, finally obtain close root organic fertilizer.

Then carry out batch mixing, suction is released fertilizer ground substance material 150kg, fertilizer conservation substrate material 150kg, close fertilizer ground substance material 150kg and close root organic fertilizer 1500kg and fully mix and mix thoroughly, obtain mixture; Then N, P in inspection by sampling mixture ₂o ₅, K ₂the content of O and organic matter, records containing full nitrogen 2.85%, available phosphorus 1.90%, full potassium 1.23%, and organic 52.67%.

Calculate the nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer component that need to add according to assay, make finally containing N, P in the Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of mixture ₂o ₅, K ₂o and the content ratio comprising other organic materials are 5%:2%:8%:85%; So get mixture 16300kg, the urea 1114kg of nitrogen content 46.3%, the monoammonium phosphate 173kg of phosphorus content 52% and nitrogen content 11%, the Repone K 2413kg of potassium content 58.0%, its abundant compound is mixed, then granulation, obtain nitrogenous 5%, available phosphorus 2%, full potassium 8%, organic 42.93% radish organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special 20000kg.

In March, 2013, this fertilizer is used for Xiushan government's bank Di You village, town radish planting model field 3 mu, use this fertile 500kg for every mu, during results, average yield per mu reaches 6536.3kg, 1405.5kg is added, volume increase 27.39% than the contrast field average yield per mu 5130.8kg using the common domestic Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the nutrients such as equivalent.

Embodiment 3.

First prepare suction and release fertilizer ground substance material, carbonized wood sizing is carefully crossed 400 mesh sieves afterwards, obtains carbonized wood ground-slag; Perlite ore TRANSIENT HIGH TEMPERATURE after preheating is heated to temperature 1000-1300 DEG C of roasting, the moisture in ore in sand form is vaporized, cause ore in sand form internal expansion 10-30 doubly, form the particulate material of cellular structures, obtain open bore pearlstone; Then get carbonized wood ground-slag 100kg, open bore pearlstone 1000kg to close and be heated with stirring to 65 DEG C, then continue stirring and cool after 15 minutes, obtain suction and release fertilizer ground substance material; Prepare fertilizer conservation substrate material again, unselected clay is dried and levigately obtains clay powder after 200 mesh sieves afterwards; Get starch 10kg, clay 550kg mixing and stirring, obtain fertilizer conservation substrate material; Prepare close fertilizer ground substance again, get the soil 500kg at the coring place of front stubble radish plant, dry together with coring, levigate rear mistake 100 mesh sieve, obtains close fertilizer ground substance; Then close root organic fertilizer is prepared, sucrose 10kg is joined in 100kg water, be heated to 60 DEG C while stirring, make sucrose dissolved, then add rice chaff 50kg, tea oil cake 50kg, dregs of beans 39kg is fully uniformly mixed, then adds yeast powder 1kg, again fully be uniformly mixed rear stacking, keep heap temperature 75 DEG C to continuously ferment 45 days, and then add 200kg black stump chalk, stir and namely obtain saleratus; Old for fresh radish petiole is ground into particle diameter and obtains the old petiole powder of radish at below 2mm; Excrement of animals is obtained to moisture content 40% by air-dry for excrement of animals; Then saleratus 100kg, radish old petiole powder 600kg, excrement of animals 5500kg are fully mixed and mix thoroughly, then in in-vessel composting system, be piled into the fertilizer heap of high 2.0 meters, then standing for fermentation, become thoroughly decomposed 45 days, within every 9 days, once turn over mixed, finally obtain close root organic fertilizer.

Then carry out batch mixing, suction is released fertilizer ground substance material 200kg, fertilizer conservation substrate material 200kg, close fertilizer ground substance material 200kg and close root organic fertilizer 2600kg and fully mix and mix thoroughly, obtain mixture; Then N, P in inspection by sampling mixture ₂o ₅, K ₂the content of O and organic matter, records containing full nitrogen 2.70%, available phosphorus 1.81%, full potassium 1.18%, and organic 51.86%.

Calculate the nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer component that need to add according to assay, make finally containing N, P in the Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of mixture ₂o ₅, K ₂o and the content ratio comprising other organic materials are 5%:2%:8%:85%; So get mixture 24297kg, the urea 1751kg of nitrogen content 46.3%, the monoammonium phosphate 307kg of phosphorus content 52% and nitrogen content 11%, the Repone K 3645kg of potassium content 58.0%, its abundant compound is mixed, then granulation, obtain nitrogenous 5%, available phosphorus 2%, full potassium 8%, organic 42.00% radish organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special 30000kg.

In March, 2013, this fertilizer is used for Xiushan government's bank Wang Gao village, town radish planting model field 10 mu, use this fertile 500kg for every mu to apply fertilizer, during results, average yield per mu reaches 6389.7kg, than the contrast field average yield per mu 5130.8kg using the common domestic Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the nutrients such as equivalent, add 1258.9kg, volume increase 24.54%.

Claims (1)

1. a radish organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special, release fertilizer ground substance material, preparation fertilizer conservation substrate material by preparation suction, prepare close fertilizer ground substance material, prepare close root organic fertilizer, batch mixing, inspection, formula, preparation macroelement mineral manure, compound, granulation totally ten large steps complete, concrete grammar is as follows:

(1) prepare suction and release fertilizer ground substance material: according to weight part, carbonized wood ground-slag 1 part, open bore pearlstone 6-10 part mix and blend are heated to 60-65 DEG C, then continue to stir cooling after 10-15 minute; Wherein carbonized wood ground-slag is that carbonized wood sizing is carefully crossed gained after 400 mesh sieves afterwards; Open bore pearlstone is that perlite ore TRANSIENT HIGH TEMPERATURE after preheating is heated to temperature 1000-1300 DEG C of roasting, and the moisture in ore in sand form is vaporized, and causes ore in sand form internal expansion 10-30 doubly, forms the particulate material of cellular structures;

(2) prepare fertilizer conservation substrate material: according to weight part by starch 1 part, clay powder 45-55 part mixing and stirring; Wherein clay powder for unselected clay dried rear levigate after 200 mesh sieves gained;

(3) prepare close fertilizer ground substance material: the soil getting the coring place of front stubble radish plant according to weight part, dry together with remaining coring, levigate rear mistake 100 mesh sieve;

(4) prepare close root organic fertilizer: saleratus 1 part, radish old petiole powder 4-6 part, excrement of animals 45-55 part fully to be mixed according to weight part and mix thoroughly, then in in-vessel composting system, be piled into the fertilizer heap of high 1.8-2.0 rice, standing for fermentation again, become thoroughly decomposed 40-45 days, within every 9 days, once turns over mixed; Wherein excrement of animals is to moisture content 30% ~ 40% gained by air-dry for excrement of animals; Radish old petiole powder is that old for radish petiole is ground into particle diameter at below 2mm gained; Saleratus joins in 100 parts, water according to weight part by sucrose 10 parts, be heated to 60 DEG C while stirring and make sucrose dissolved, then add rice chaff 50 parts, tea oil cake 50 parts, dregs of beans 39 parts be fully uniformly mixed, add yeast powder 1 part again, fully be uniformly mixed rear stacking, keep heap warm 65-75 DEG C to continuously ferment 40-45 days, then add 200 parts of black stump chalks and stir gained;

(5) batch mixing: suction released 1 part, fertilizer ground substance material, fertilizer conservation substrate material 1 part, 1 part, close fertilizer ground substance material and close root organic fertilizer 7-13 part according to weight part and fully mix and mix thoroughly, obtain mixture;

(6) check: then N, P in inspection by sampling mixture ₂o ₅, K ₂the content of O and organic matter;

(7) fill a prescription: calculate the nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer component that need to add according to assay, make finally containing N, P in the Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of mixture ₂o ₅, K ₂o and the content ratio comprising other organic materials are 5%:2%:8%:85%;

(8) prepare macroelement mineral manure: contain N, P according to step calculation result preparation (7) ₂o ₅, K ₂the mineral manure of O;

(9) compound: by mixture and containing N, P ₂o ₅, K ₂the mineral manure of O carries out compound, makes it fully mix;

(10) granulation: the mixture after compound is carried out granulation, obtains radish organic-inorganic compound fertilizer special.