CN105313350A - Forming method of mixed-stitch composite material of three-dimensional woven prefabrication body fabric - Google Patents
Forming method of mixed-stitch composite material of three-dimensional woven prefabrication body fabric Download PDFInfo
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- CN105313350A CN105313350A CN201510790531.XA CN201510790531A CN105313350A CN 105313350 A CN105313350 A CN 105313350A CN 201510790531 A CN201510790531 A CN 201510790531A CN 105313350 A CN105313350 A CN 105313350A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C70/46—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs
- B29C70/48—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs and impregnating the reinforcements in the closed mould, e.g. resin transfer moulding [RTM], e.g. by vacuum
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Abstract
The invention discloses a forming method of a mixed-stitch composite material of three-dimensional woven prefabrication body fabric. The method comprises the following steps that thermoplastic resin fibers and reinforced fibers are premixed or reinforced fibers attached with thermosetting resin films and reinforced fibers are premixed, so that resin and the reinforced fibers are subjected to synchronous mixed stitch knitting; during stitch knitting, resin adhesive films are laid in the set portion of the fabric in a needling mode; after stitch knitting is finished, the set portion of an obtained three-dimensional woven prefabrication body is subjected to three-dimensional stitch laying through stitch laying resin fibers; the resin content of the set portion is increased, and the obtained three-dimensional woven prefabrication body fabric is subjected to vacuum mould pressing linkage forming. By the adoption of combined application of the above three technologies, the forming method can adapt to a traditional composite material hot press molding process, the prepared fiber composite prefabrication body fabric can be used for forming machining of the composite material directly through a hot press molding mold, the gas tightness in a vacuum infusion RTM process is achieved, and the production efficiency is effectively improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mixed seam composite material forming method of 3 D weaving precast body fabric, in particular to a kind ofly utilizing resin glued membrane acupuncture laying, resin fibre mixes braiding and the composite material forming method of the 3 D weaving precast body of paving seam technical tie-up application, utilize the method effectively can replace traditional D braided composites RTM forming technique, improve shaping efficiency.
Background technology
D braided composites is a kind of high-performance composite materials being similar to homogeneous material using three-dimensional preform fabric construction and high performance resin compound, compared with traditional two-dimension laminate composite, D braided composites is without the feature of interlayer structure weakening strength, in precursor structure, the feature that fiber is interweaved, direction has arbitrary orientation, identical from the proportion of fibers spatially achieving plane all directions, thus efficiently avoid the lamination problem in Two-dimensional Composites.In addition, 3 D weaving equipment can prepare various complex-shaped product, except the tubulose that continuous length is longer, taper goods, the product comprising various odd-shaped cross section and complicated shape all can by a knitting forming, that can also carry out various high-performance fiber according to mechanical requirements in braiding process mixes braiding, thus play the overall characteristic of multiple fiber, the mechanical property of comprehensive raising composite product, three-dimensional braided structure and the shaping composite of high performance resin composite curing is utilized to can be widely used in military project at present, the structure-bearing parts of the sophisticated equipment of the high-end fields such as Aero-Space.
After 3 D weaving precast body fabric construction is formed, follow-up curing molding is particularly crucial to the performance of final composite, curing molding at present for precast body fabric mainly adopts closed forming technique, namely precast body fabric is enclosed in fixed mould, by vacuumizing, closed mold cavity is formed subnormal ambient, then resin matrix glue to be fed in mould by normal pressure thus to reach the abundant dipping with fabric.This forming technique is the method that current three-dimensional braided structure composite material forming generally adopts, although the composite of the method preparation has higher performance, but the production efficiency of this technology is lower, and requiring higher for shaping resin used, resin will have higher mobility and lower viscosity.In addition the difficult point that very crucial is also had, it is exactly the impact due to factors such as resin viscosity and resin diffusion rates in resin adhesive liquid and the fabric precast body compound process of flooding, can inevitably occur poor glue microcell in the inside of precast body fabric construction, the appearance of this tiny area probably forms microdefect and has influence on the mechanical property application of composites.
Summary of the invention
The present invention, in order to solve above technical problem, provides a kind of mixed seam composite material forming method of 3 D weaving precast body fabric.
In order to solve above technical problem, technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of mixed seam composite material forming method of 3 D weaving precast body fabric, comprise the steps: thermoplastic resin fibre and fortifying fibre premixed or the fortifying fibre sticked in advance with thermosetting resin glued membrane and fortifying fibre premixed, make resin and fortifying fibre carry out synchronized mixes loop bonding, obtain 3 D weaving precast body.
Fortifying fibre sticks resin glued membrane to improve the gel content of resin, glued membrane can ensure being uniformly distributed of fiber gel content simultaneously, mixed weaving makes resin fibre and fortifying fibre uniform weave become overall equally, realized the preparation of polymer matrix composites afterwards by resin melting, ensure the uniformity of resin matrix.The excessive use of resin glued membrane can come off on fortifying fibre surface and affect weaving and carry out smoothly.
Preferably, the use amount of resin is 5-10%.
Described resin fibre can in the braiding process of 3 D weaving precast body, and integrated with by resin fibre yarn and strengthen in inorfil yarn, resin fibre yarn used can be determined according to the final requirement of three-dimensional composite material mechanical property.
Preferably, described thermoplastic resin fibre is polyethylene fibre, polypropylene fibre, polyurethane fiber, polyphenylene sulfide fibre or Fypro, and described thermosetting resin is epoxy resin, phenolic resins, unsaturated polyester resin or thermosetting polyurethane resin.
Preferably, described fortifying fibre is one or more in carbon fiber, alumina fibre, silicon carbide fibre, graphite fibre or boron nitride fiber.
Preferably, described fortifying fibre adopt three-dimensional four-way, three-dimensional five to, three-dimensional six to or three-dimensional seven in one or more three dimensional knitting methods weave.
Preferably, the mixed seam composite material forming method of above-mentioned 3 D weaving precast body fabric, also comprises the steps: in loop bonding process, and lay resin glued membrane in the setting position acupuncture of fabric, the quality of resin glued membrane accounts for the 10-20% of total quality.
Described fiber multiaxis enters to the paving of resin glued membrane in braiding process, can in three dimensional fabric precast body braiding process in specific thicknesses position, completed by the puncture technique of shaped like narrow resin glued membrane, whole piercing process is similar to the acupuncture operation of fibrofelt precast body, thus completes synchronously carrying out of three dimensional fabric braiding and resin glued membrane laying operation.The laying of resin glued membrane mainly improves the resin content of thickness direction.
Further preferably, described resin glued membrane is one or more in polyethylene, polypropylene, polyurethane, polyphenylene sulfide or polyamide; Or be one or more in epoxy resin, phenolic resins, unsaturated polyester resin or thermosetting polyurethane resin.
Preferred further, the thickness of described resin glued membrane is 0.1-1mm.
Preferably, the mixed seam composite material forming method of above-mentioned 3 D weaving precast body fabric, after also comprising the steps: that loop bonding completes, at the setting position of the 3 D weaving precast body obtained, paving seam resin fibre carries out three-dimensional paving seam, increases the resin content at setting position.
Paving seam is 3 D weaving term, for the fiber reinforcement of similar stacked 3 D weaving fabric construction.
Further preferably, described paving seam resin fibre is one or more in polyethylene fibre, polypropylene fibre, polyurethane fiber, polyphenylene sulfide fibre or Fypro; Or described paving seam resin fibre is the fortifying fibre of thermosetting resin glued membrane coating, thermosetting resin glued membrane is one or more in epoxy resin, phenolic resins, unsaturated polyester resin or thermosetting polyurethane resin.
Further preferred, the thickness of described thermosetting resin glued membrane is 0.1-0.5mm, and the content of described resin fibre or thermosetting resin glued membrane is 5-15%.
Preferably, the mixed seam composite material forming method of above-mentioned 3 D weaving precast body fabric, also comprises the steps: to carry out vacuum molding interlock to the 3 D weaving precast body fabric obtained shaping.
Further preferred, the vacuum molding shaping vacuum that links is 0.06-0.1MPa.
Three-dimensional preform cloth vacuum mold pressing interlock forming technique, is placed in hot pressing die by the pre-complex of resin fibre and fortifying fibre, and carry out vacuumizing process after being closed by mould, vacuum is adjustable within the scope of 0.06-0.1MPa.After negative pressure of vacuum is stable, mould is placed in hot-press equipment intensification pressurization and carries out resin melting flowing to the three-dimensional preform of pre-compound, after treating resin melt thorough impregnation enhanced fabrics, cooling down forms final three-dimensional structure composite product.Forming temperature and pressure are grasped flexibly according to the type of resin matrix.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, the present invention adopts resin fibre to mix knitting skill, achieve fortifying fibre in braiding process with the pre-compound of resin, achieve resin being uniformly distributed in three dimensional fabric, avoid the appearance of poor glue microcell.
2, the resin glued membrane laying in the present invention, can realize the demand of the amount of resin to three dimensional fabric privileged site, is conducive to carrying out local stiffening to three dimensional fabric.
3, the paving seam technology in the present invention, can reinforce the resin that the three dimensional fabric woven carries out on the whole as required, make the resin distribution of the three dimensional fabric obtained more reasonable.
4, the present invention adopts resin glued membrane laying, resin fibre mixes braiding and paving seam technical tie-up application, the 3 D weaving and the resin-dipping that change original RTM moulding process solidify two-step method complex technique, in the process of fortifying fibre 3 D weaving, complete the pre-compound of resin fibre and fortifying fibre, accurately can control the resin content in three-dimensional composite material structure; And successfully break away from RTM resin in two-step method and import the poor glue defect problem of operation, by resin glued membrane at preset, the resin fibre of different parts and the reasonable shuffling of fortifying fibre is arranged in pairs or groups and the resin fibre of secondary spreads to stitch and strengthens, ensure that the even glue content of precast body three dimensional fabric any part, to reduction composite material defect, there is important function.
5, have employed resin glued membrane to spread the triple combination spreading seam technology into technology, resin fibre shuffling technology and resin fibre and apply, traditional composite material hot-pressed formation technique can be adapted to, prepared fiber composite precast body fabric, heat pressing and molding mold can be directly adopted to carry out the processing and forming of composite, avoid the air-tightness problem in vacuum importing RTM technique, effectively improve production efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 gives the structural representation of the pre-fabric of mixed seam composite of 3 D weaving precast body fabric.
Wherein, 1, fortifying fibre, 2, resin fibre, 3, resin glued membrane, 4, paving seam resin fibre.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, select fortifying fibre 1 to be the knitted material of carbon fiber filament as three-dimensional structure precast body of 3K, select resin glued membrane 3 for polyethylene glued membrane and resin fibre 2 be polyethylene fibre long filament.Carbon fiber filament is fitted into braider spindle with polyethylene fibre long filament mixing winding, and wherein the mixed proportion of polyethylene fibre accounts for 10% of three-dimensional composite material gross weight, adopts three-dimensional four-way weaving method to be woven into cylinder dress fabric construction.Presetting braiding gross thickness is 20mm, wherein applying thickness at 2mm, 6mm, 10mm, 14mm tetra-thickness positions along cylinder thickness plane direction acupuncture paving is the polyethylene glued membrane arrowband that 0.8mm is thick, wherein narrowband width is 0.5mm, the total weight of glued membrane accounts for 15% of three-dimensional composite material gross weight, finally makes the blended yarns in resin glued membrane and three dimensional fabric structure form overall structure.After three dimensional fabric precast body is formed, select polyethylene fibre (paving seam resin fibre 4) long filament by paving seam technology again, above three dimensional fabric precast body is carried out secondary stitching, and the gross weight of the paving seam long filament of introducing accounts for 10% of three-dimensional composite material gross weight.
After above-mentioned three-dimensional preform formation of fabrics, be placed in the die-filling tool of closed cylinder, first process is vacuumized to mold integral, by the three-dimensional preform formation of fabrics containing vacuum environment in mould, the vacuum degree control of integral system is in 0.08MPa scope, afterwards mould is placed in carry out in 500T hot press hot-forming, in hot pressing, to maintain above-mentioned numerical value constant for real-time hierarchy of control vacuum, final temperature and the pressure of hot pressing adjust flexibly according to technique, finally prepare polyvinyl resin matrix 3 D weaving carbon fiber composite tubulose goods, its resin content is 35%.
Embodiment 2
Select fortifying fibre to be the knitted material of 6K carbon fiber filament as three-dimensional structure precast body, selecting resin glued membrane to be polyurethane laminate and resin fibre is polyurethane fiber long filament.Carbon fiber filament is fitted into braider spindle with polyurethane fiber long filament mixing winding, and wherein the mixed proportion of polyethylene fibre accounts for 8% of three-dimensional composite material gross weight, adopts three-dimensional five to be woven into cylinder dress fabric construction to weaving method.Presetting braiding gross thickness is 10mm, wherein applying thickness at 2mm, 4mm, 6mm, 8mm tetra-thickness positions along cylinder thickness plane direction acupuncture paving is the polyurethane laminate arrowband that 0.6mm is thick, wherein narrowband width is 0.4mm, the total weight of glued membrane accounts for 10% of three-dimensional composite material gross weight, finally makes the blended yarns in resin glued membrane and three dimensional fabric structure form overall structure.After three dimensional fabric precast body is formed, then select polyurethane fiber long filament by paving seam technology, above three dimensional fabric precast body is carried out secondary stitching, the gross weight of the paving seam long filament of introducing accounts for 15% of three-dimensional composite material gross weight.
After above-mentioned three-dimensional preform formation of fabrics, be placed in the die-filling tool of closed cylinder, first process is vacuumized to mold integral, by the three-dimensional preform formation of fabrics containing vacuum environment in mould, the vacuum degree control of integral system is in 0.1MPa scope, afterwards mould is placed in carry out in 315T hot press hot-forming, in hot pressing, to maintain above-mentioned numerical value constant for real-time hierarchy of control vacuum, final temperature and the pressure of hot pressing adjust flexibly according to technique, finally prepare polyurethane resin matrix 3 D weaving carbon fiber composite tubulose goods, its resin content is 40%.
Embodiment 3
Select fortifying fibre to be the knitted material of 6K silicon carbide fibre long filament as three-dimensional structure precast body, selecting resin glued membrane to be polypropylene glued membrane and resin fibre is polypropylene fibre long filament.Carborundum long filament is fitted into braider spindle with polypropylene fibre long filament mixing winding, and wherein the mixed proportion of polyethylene fibre accounts for 6% of three-dimensional composite material gross weight, adopts three-dimensional velocity field method to be woven into square tube dress fabric construction.Presetting braiding gross thickness is 15mm, wherein applying thickness at 3mm, 6mm, 9mm, 12mm tetra-thickness positions along square tube thickness plane direction acupuncture paving is the polypropylene glued membrane arrowband that 0.5mm is thick, wherein narrowband width is 0.3mm, the total weight of glued membrane accounts for 18% of three-dimensional composite material gross weight, finally makes the blended yarns in resin glued membrane and three dimensional fabric structure form overall structure.After three dimensional fabric precast body is formed, then select polypropylene fibre long filament by paving seam technology, above three dimensional fabric precast body is carried out secondary stitching, the gross weight of the paving seam long filament of introducing accounts for 12% of three-dimensional composite material gross weight.
After above-mentioned three-dimensional preform formation of fabrics, be placed in the die-filling tool of closed square tube, first process is vacuumized to mold integral, by the three-dimensional preform formation of fabrics containing vacuum environment in mould, the vacuum degree control of integral system is in 0.06MPa scope, afterwards mould is placed in carry out in 500T hot press hot-forming, in hot pressing, to maintain above-mentioned numerical value constant for real-time hierarchy of control vacuum, final temperature and the pressure of hot pressing adjust flexibly according to technique, finally prepare PP matrix 3 D weaving silicon carbide fibre composite square tube type goods, its resin content is 42%.
Embodiment 4
Select fortifying fibre to be the knitted material of 6K alumina fibre long filament as three-dimensional structure precast body, select the alumina fibre long filament that resin glued membrane is tego film, resin fibre is coating phenolic resins.Aluminium oxide long filament is fitted into braider spindle with phenolic coating alumina fibre long filament mixing winding, and wherein the resinous coat ratio of coated fiber accounts for 9% of three-dimensional composite material gross weight, adopts three-dimensional five to be woven into square tube shape fabric construction to weaving method.Presetting braiding gross thickness is 15mm, wherein applying thickness at 3mm, 6mm, 9mm, 12mm tetra-thickness positions along square tube thickness plane direction acupuncture paving is the tego film arrowband that 0.4mm is thick, wherein narrowband width is 0.2mm, the total weight of glued membrane accounts for 18% of three-dimensional composite material gross weight, finally makes the blended yarns in resin glued membrane and three dimensional fabric structure form overall structure.After three dimensional fabric precast body is formed, select phenolic coating alumina fibre long filament by paving seam technology again, above three dimensional fabric precast body is carried out secondary stitching, and the phenolic coating gross weight of the paving seam long filament of introducing accounts for 12% of three-dimensional composite material gross weight.
After above-mentioned three-dimensional preform formation of fabrics, be placed in the die-filling tool of closed square tube, first process is vacuumized to mold integral, by the three-dimensional preform formation of fabrics containing vacuum environment in mould, the vacuum degree control of integral system is in 0.06MPa scope, afterwards mould is placed in carry out in 500T hot press hot-forming, in hot pressing, to maintain above-mentioned numerical value constant for real-time hierarchy of control vacuum, final temperature and the pressure of hot pressing adjust flexibly according to technique, finally prepare phenolic resin as matrix resin 3 D weaving alumina fibre composite square tube type goods, its resin content is 42%.
By reference to the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is described although above-mentioned; but the restriction not to invention protection domain; one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that; on the basis of technical scheme of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to pay various amendment or distortion that creative work can make still in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the mixed seam composite material forming method of a 3 D weaving precast body fabric, it is characterized in that: comprise the steps: thermoplastic resin fibre and fortifying fibre premixed or the fortifying fibre sticked in advance with thermosetting resin glued membrane and fortifying fibre premixed, make resin and fortifying fibre carry out synchronized mixes loop bonding, obtain 3 D weaving precast body.
2. mixed seam composite material forming method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the use amount of resin is 5-10%.
3. mixed seam composite material forming method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described thermoplastic resin fibre is polyethylene fibre, polypropylene fibre, polyurethane fiber, polyphenylene sulfide fibre or Fypro, and described thermosetting resin is epoxy resin, phenolic resins, unsaturated polyester resin or thermosetting polyurethane resin; Described fortifying fibre is one or more in carbon fiber, alumina fibre, silicon carbide fibre, graphite fibre or boron nitride fiber.
4. mixed seam composite material forming method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described fortifying fibre adopt three-dimensional four-way, three-dimensional five to, three-dimensional six to or three-dimensional seven in one or more three dimensional knitting methods weave.
5. mixed seam composite material forming method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: also comprise the steps: in loop bonding process, lays resin glued membrane in the setting position acupuncture of fabric.
6. mixed seam composite material forming method according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described resin glued membrane is one or more in polyethylene, polypropylene, polyurethane, polyphenylene sulfide or polyamide; Or be one or more in epoxy resin, phenolic resins, unsaturated polyester resin or thermosetting polyurethane resin, the thickness of described resin glued membrane is 0.1-1mm.
7. mixed seam composite material forming method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: after also comprising the steps: that loop bonding completes, at the setting position of the 3 D weaving precast body obtained, paving seam resin fibre carries out three-dimensional paving seam, increases the resin content at setting position.
8. mixed seam composite material forming method according to claim 7, is characterized in that: described paving seam resin fibre is one or more in polyethylene fibre, polypropylene fibre, polyurethane fiber, polyphenylene sulfide fibre or Fypro; Or described paving seam resin fibre is the fortifying fibre of thermosetting resin glued membrane coating, thermosetting resin glued membrane is one or more in epoxy resin, phenolic resins, unsaturated polyester resin or thermosetting polyurethane resin.
9. mixed seam composite material forming method according to claim 7, is characterized in that: the thickness of described thermosetting resin glued membrane is 0.1-0.5mm, and the content of described resin fibre or thermosetting resin glued membrane is 5-15%.
10. the mixed seam composite material forming method according to claim 1 or 5 or 7, it is characterized in that: also comprise the steps: to carry out vacuum molding interlock to the 3 D weaving precast body fabric obtained shaping, the vacuum molding shaping vacuum that links is 0.06-0.1MPa.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN106113524A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-11-16 | 华东理工大学 | A kind of prepreg tape, the loop bonding of mixed fiber yarn fabric and briquetting process thereof |
| CN106218041A (en) * | 2016-09-08 | 2016-12-14 | 山东中恒碳纤维科技发展有限公司 | A kind of 3 D weaving transmission of electricity composite material cross arm and preparation method thereof |
| CN106863838A (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-06-20 | 华东理工大学 | A kind of continuous fiber braid strengthens the preparation method of thermoplastic composite |
| CN106915002A (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-07-04 | 华东理工大学 | A kind of method that unidirectional prepreg tape sewing molding prepares composite board |
| WO2018166514A1 (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2018-09-20 | 北京机科国创轻量化科学研究院有限公司 | Self-adaptive yarn increasing and decreasing three-dimensional weaving method for use with composite materials |
| CN110587850A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-12-20 | 江苏天鸟高新技术股份有限公司 | Large thin-wall carbon fiber needling preform and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106113524A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-11-16 | 华东理工大学 | A kind of prepreg tape, the loop bonding of mixed fiber yarn fabric and briquetting process thereof |
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| CN106863838A (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-06-20 | 华东理工大学 | A kind of continuous fiber braid strengthens the preparation method of thermoplastic composite |
| CN106915002A (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-07-04 | 华东理工大学 | A kind of method that unidirectional prepreg tape sewing molding prepares composite board |
| WO2018166514A1 (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2018-09-20 | 北京机科国创轻量化科学研究院有限公司 | Self-adaptive yarn increasing and decreasing three-dimensional weaving method for use with composite materials |
| CN110587850A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-12-20 | 江苏天鸟高新技术股份有限公司 | Large thin-wall carbon fiber needling preform and preparation method thereof |
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| CN105313350B (en) | 2018-01-19 |
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