CN105313342A - Bamboo fiber reinforced composite material - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to bamboo fiber reinforced plastic which is a novel bamboo-plastic composite material. In view of the conditions that the supply of steel products and wood in China is more and more insufficient, and plenty of bamboo wood is kept long in stock. The bamboo-plastic composite material is put forward for manufacturing various sheet materials and sectional materials instead of the wood and steel products and for manufacturing reinforced artificial marble, gypsum products, concrete, pitch waterproof materials and artificial boards instead of glass fibers. The bamboo-plastic composite material, which is light, energy-saving and inexpensive and has high strength, and various boards, pipes, boxes, barrels, basins and tanks, containers, sectional materials, rod pieces and molded parts are manufactured by compositing fiber reinforced plastics, laminated composite materials and particles and integrating decorations and structures.

Description

Bamboo fiber reinforced composite material

The invention relates to a kind of proposition of advanced composite material (ACM)-bamboo fiber reinforced plastic, and relate to the application of this composite in other several composite, in China, it is classified as building materials.

The kind of composite is very rich, classifies according to its composite type: (1) fibre reinforced composites; (2) laminated composite; (3) particle metal whisker reinforced composite.The classification of this matrix material has wooden system, Polymers system, metal system, ceramic systems, concrete system.Wherein fast, wide in variety with fibre reinforced plastics development, application is wide, and the fiber for strengthening has glass fibre carbon fiber, synthetic fibers, staple fibre, string, wire etc.Wherein glass fibre accounts for more than 90%, and China has just carried out the research to fiberglass reinforced plastics (i.e. fiberglass) from the fifties, but due to glass fibre energy consumption high, product has impact to human body, price, is difficult to extensive use.

Layer composite has paper aluminium compound, wood plastics composite and has just moulded compound.

Particle metal whisker reinforced composite has glass nitrogen pearl, silica, carbon whisker, graphite, wood powder, calcium carbonate, aluminium oxide etc.

Utilize the composite of bamboo wood to have bamboo plywood, but it is inhaled and drips, it is low once to build intensity, and inner liner is ornamental not good, and gram in the unsuitable machining large structural member of reinforced composite, limit its application, visible above-mentioned reinforced plastics has weak point.

The research of glass fibre and the people of use a lot, its range of application is also more and more wider, glass fibre has now started to be applied in composite-concrete, artificial marble, wood-based plate, pitch and plastering, play fortifying fibre effect, make these composites improve performance all to some extent.

More and more shorter for timber, steel are situation more and more closely, and make bamboo-plastic composite material with the bamboo wood that china natural resources is abundant and substitute timber and iron and steel, this is an object of the present invention.

Another object of the present invention is in composite-concrete, artificial marble, wood-based plate and plastering, use bamboo fibre plastic composite skeleton, proposes a series of bamboo-plastic composite material Concrete Structure, artificial marble, wood-based plate, plastering and asphalt waterproofing material.

Thin bamboo strips used for weaving tenacity fiber, tall and straight, pulling force is strong, flexible.Shock-resistant, wear-resistant, source is wide, easily processing, low without mould evil, Non-energy-consumption, price, its weak point be water suction easily tide, easily go rotten, easily damage by worms, inflammable, weatherability is poor, and plastics just in time can mend the short of its, there is water-fast, corrosion-resistant, bonding force strong, the advantage of ornamental and good airproof performance.This bi-material is learnt from other's strong points to offset one's weaknesses, through artificial " compound ", make it keep respective optimum performance, according to various product requirement, design rational structural pattern, select different resins, different moulding process, produces thin bamboo strips used for weaving fibre reinforced plastics series of products, meets market demand, increase the wealth of society, make China's composite add rising star again.

System of the present invention adopts various bamboo wood stem to process thin bamboo strips used for weaving silk (sheet) fiber, branch leftover bits and pieces is processed into powder, for strengthening thermosetting, thermoplastic, getting fibre reinforced plastics, laminated compound, Particles dispersed be a thing, integrating decoration and structural material.Produce lightweight, high-strength, energy-conservation, inexpensive bamboo-plastic composite material and various plate, pipe, case, bucket, pond groove, container, section bar, rod member and molding series products.

Concrete manufacture method is as follows: get fresh bamboo wood and lay branch, make 4 ~ 6 centimeters high, to steep in 5% limewash 20 ~ 30 and add, take out rinsed clean, remove crust, be processed into bamboo silk or the bamboo chip of different size, boil in boiling water in the powder water putting 2% for 2 hours into and soak 2 hours, then soak 1 hour in 5% acetum, take out and use clear water rinsed clean, enter to dry room drying, remaining branch leftover bits and pieces is processed into 120 ~ 200 order shape powders, directly enters drying chamber drying for standby.

Bamboo chip after oven dry, thin bamboo strip silk, bamboo powder require that water content is less than 6%.The thermosetting plasticses such as urine aldehyde, phenolic aldehyde, melamine, furans, epoxy, polyurethane, unsaturated polyester resin can be strengthened, also can reinforced polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, thermoplastic polyester, polyamide, ABS and other mixed and modified analog thermoplastic plastics, in various bamboo-plastic composite material, resin content must be greater than 20%.

Bamboo chip is woven into netted seat for strengthening all kinds of sheet material.Bamboo powder and mixed with resin are sprinkling upon after mixing on the finishing material of dipped essence equably, repave and put through two-sided resin pickup bamboo mat, be stacked to the design number of plies or thickness, send hot press hot pressing, the plastics as being enhanced are powder or sheet stock, i.e. one deck powder (or sheet stock), one deck bamboo mat lay-up, hot pressing parameters, with reference to glass fiber reinforcement otherwise identical plastic sheet material, also can be processed into rib steel shape bamboo-plastic composite material and do skeleton, by a certain proportion of bamboo powder, wood chip, rice husk, sunflower seed shell.The short blank of cotton stalk (long 8 ~ 15mm) and resin agitating evenly, with being squeezed into the various extensive side's plate of technological forming " high polymer concrete " and template etc.The example of proportion is respectively organized: 5% bamboo powder, 10% wood sawdust, 15% rice husk, 20% sunflower seed shell (or peanut shell), the short blank of 20% continuous bar (long 8 ~ 15mm), 30% resin for one.

The bamboo fiber reinforced plastic that the present invention proposes is material, it is again structure, it is again product, compared with bamboo plywood, moistureproof, corrosion-resistant, not worm-eaten, ornamental, weatherability, physical property is all good, utilization rate of bamboo is high, compared with fiberglass, raw material sources is wide, energy-conservation, rigidity is better than fiberglass, price only has the general of fiberglass, at shaping artificial marble, plastering, concrete, in asphalt waterproofing material and wood-based plate, existing glass fiber reinforcement, pressure bamboo-plastic composite material replaces glass fibre, reproduce the artificial marble of enhancing, plastering, concrete, asphalt waterproofing material and wood-based plate are the good use examples of bamboo-plastic composite material.

Here produces the concrete grammar of the artificial marble, plastering, concrete, asphalt waterproofing material and the wood-based plate that strengthen:

Will the bamboo silk of millimeter is woven into netted, after dipping epoxy or unsaturated or mylar, when shaping artificial marble, plastering, is placed on the inside and does skeleton and strengthen.

Thick 5 ~ 8 millimeters will be processed into, money, wide 10 ~ 16 millimeters, length is according to the bamboo chip of designing requirement, through epoxy resin bonding car pipe pole stock, after dipping secondary, with alkali resistant glass fiber yarn leaching epoxy modified phenolic resin, be wound in rib steel shape bamboo reinforcement composite, replace reinforcing bar, be bundled into skeleton, Concrete Structure.

To be processed into 0.5 millimeter, the bamboo chip of wide 10 millimeters is woven into wide 1.1 meters, and long 80 ~ 100 meters of volume seats replace paper, glass fibre, according to production malthoid technique, produce enhancing asphalt waterproofing material.

With high accuracy peeler, bamboo rotary cutting is become thick 0.5 ~ 1.5 millimeter of thin slice, pave resin pickup, produce lamination lodging class according to production plywood block legal system, sandwich bamboo fibre moulds panel again.With one side resin pickup overlaid wood based panel, the various performance of wood-based plate is improved greatly, attractive and durable.

Bamboo silk is processed into millimeter, long 10 ~ 50 millimeters of chopped strands, add 20% bamboo powder, 20% wood sawdust, are molded into various molding after square resin.

Bamboo-plastic composite material is applied to various composite and gathers, and for China's building materials field starts Liao Yitiaoxin road, compared with existing building materials, it is wide that it has raw material sources, and cost is low, handling ease, the outstanding advantages of function admirable.The bamboo wood that bamboo-plastic composite material section utilizes China to overstock in a large number, make the current timber of China, steel, the present situation of plastic raw materials shortage relaxes to some extent, it is wide that bamboo grows adapts to ground, become a useful person fast, after plastics " compound ", form bamboo-plastic composite material, more can keep away short making the best use of the advantages, first and second make full use of, and are the new materials of Dai Gangdai wood.

Claims (5)

1. fibre reinforced plastics are a kind of composites, its matrix is plastics, use various fiber reinforcement, feature of the present invention is: fortifying fibre is bamboo fibre, water content plastifies lower than bamboo silk, the bamboo silk of bamboo chip or braiding, sheet and the various resin forming of 6%, form bamboo fiber reinforced plastic, in material, the content of resin is greater than 20%.

2. bamboo fiber reinforced plastic according to claim 1, it is characterized in that plastifying with bamboo silk or bamboo chip, urine aldehyde, phenolic aldehyde, melamine, furans, epoxy, polyurethane, unsaturated polyester resin thermosetting plastics can be made, also can be polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, thermoplastic polystyrene polyester, polyamide, ABS and mixing, modification analog thermoplastic material.

3. bamboo fiber reinforced plastic according to claim 1, is characterized in that: be uniformly distributed bamboo wood leftover bits and pieces-bamboo powder in the resin of plastic fibre, and bamboo powder is for being processed into 120 ~ 200 order needle-like powders.

4. fly, bamboo fiber reinforced plastic according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the essence of plastic fibre, be uniformly distributed a certain proportion of crops leftovers and rice husk, sunflower seed shell, peanut shell, the short blank of continuous bar and wood sawdust.

5. in shaping artificial marble, plastering, concrete, asphalt waterproofing material and wood-based plate by glass fiber reinforcement, feature of the present invention be: substitute glass fibre with plastic composite materials, manufacture the artificial marble strengthened, plastering, concrete, asphalt waterproofing material and wood-based plate.