CN105308703A - Switching device for an on-load tap changer - Google Patents
Switching device for an on-load tap changer Download PDFInfo
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- CN105308703A CN105308703A CN201480021344.9A CN201480021344A CN105308703A CN 105308703 A CN105308703 A CN 105308703A CN 201480021344 A CN201480021344 A CN 201480021344A CN 105308703 A CN105308703 A CN 105308703A
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- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 152
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 10
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- 206010022998 Irritability Diseases 0.000 description 4
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
- H01H9/0038—Tap change devices making use of vacuum switches
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
Abstract
A switching device (115, 300) for an on-load tap changer (100) is disclosed. The switching device is designed for providing electrical connection between a fixed contact (135) and an external output (155) of the tap changer. The switching device provides: a main current path comprising a main switch (140) which is series-connected in the main current path; and a transition current path comprising a transition inductor (400) and a transition switch (145). The transition switch and the transition inductor are connected in series. The impedance of the transition current path is higher than the impedance of the main current path, the impedance of the transition current path being mainly inductive. The main switch and the transition inductor are connected in parallel, so that upon opening of the main switch, a load current flowing through the main current path will be commutated to the transition current path.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the field of electric power transfer, and in particular to the tap change of the output voltage for control transformer.
Background technology
Tap change is used for the output voltage by providing the possibility switching on or off extra circle to carry out control transformer in Transformer Winding.Tap change comprises one group of fixed contact, and it can be connected to many taps of the adjustment winding of transformer, and wherein these taps are positioned at the different loci place regulated in winding.Tap change comprises at least one movable contact further, and it is at one end connected to current collector, and can be connected in fixed contact at the other end.By switching on or off different taps, the effective quantity of transformer circle can increase or reduce, thus regulates the output voltage of transformer.
Typically arranging mechanical tap transducer makes when changing tap, and new tap is physical connection before old tap disconnects.In order to avoid the high circulating current between two taps when new and old tap all connects, many tap changes comprise switching device, and large transition resistance can be connected in series during tap change event between old and new tap.
Traditionally, the conversion of tap is approximately carried out several times every day.Recently, propose there is the new opplication carrying tap change, wherein will occur switching frequently.Although the thermal loss in transition resistance is because the duration of switching action is short but little, frequent switching may still involve overheated risk.
Thus, need can frequently safety operation tap change design.
Summary of the invention
Problem involved in the present invention is that how to obtain can the tap change of safety operation continually.
An embodiment provides switching device to there being a year tap change, and this tap change comprises at least two fixed contacts.This switching device can be such as the change over switch that will use in change over switch type tap change, or the selector switch unit that will use in selector-switching mode tap change.Switching device provides primary current path, and it is included in the main switch be connected in series in primary current path; With transition current path, it comprises transition inductor and transition switch, and this transition switch and transition inductor are connected in series.The impedance in transition current path is higher than the impedance of primary current path, and the impedance of migration path mainly irritability.Main switch and transition inductor are connected in parallel, and when making to disconnect main switch when transition switch is in closure state, the load current flowing through primary current path will commutate to migration path.
Main switch can be such as vacuum interrupter or semiconductor switch, and they are can at the switchtype of short isolation distance internal resistance broken height transient recovery voltage.Such switchtype is commonly referred to compact disconnect (compact-breakswitches).
By providing the migration path with transition impedance (its mainly irritability), because the thermal loss involved in tap conversion operations will obviously reduce, tap conversion operations can frequently safety carry out.But, disconnect main switch and the part of load current start to flow in migration path time, transition inductor will produce transient recovery voltage across main switch.By providing the main switch adopting compact disconnect form, can when do not need extras for the formation of guarantee when current zero load current to the commutation completely of migration path no matter transient recovery voltage.
The impedance of the migration path of invention switching device can such as drop in following scope
extremely
Wherein U
stephave the expection voltage between two adjacent taps of carrying tap change, and I
rit is the nominal load current of tap change.This guarantees voltage drop across transformer when tap conversion operations by the acceptable level of end user.
Switching device can comprise other main path and other migration path, wherein should (these) main path and should (these) migration path on one-to-one basis associated with each other come pathway pair.If the main switch of the main path that path is right breaks in current flow condition, this right migration path forms the well-defined path that load current commutates.
The invention further relates to tap change, it comprises invention switching device.
Set forth in other aspect of the present invention detailed description below and the claim of enclosing.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 schematically illustrates the embodiment of the change over switch type tap change (it comprises change over switch) of prior art.
Fig. 2 schematically illustrates the change over switch of another prior art.
Fig. 3 schematically illustrates the embodiment of the selector-switching mode tap change (it comprises selector switch unit) of prior art.
Fig. 4 a is schematically according to the embodiment of change over switch of the present invention.
Fig. 4 b schematically illustrates the embodiment according to change over switch of the present invention.
The on off sequence of the change over switch of Fig. 5 pictorial image 1,4a and 4b.
Fig. 6 b schematically illustrates the embodiment according to change over switch of the present invention.
Fig. 6 b schematically illustrates the embodiment according to change over switch of the present invention.
The on off sequence of the change over switch of Fig. 7 pictorial image 2,6a and 6b.
Fig. 8 b schematically illustrates the embodiment according to selector of the present invention-switching mode tap change.
Fig. 8 b schematically illustrates the embodiment according to selector of the present invention-switching mode tap change.
The on off sequence of the selector switch unit of Fig. 9 pictorial image 3,8a and 8b.
Figure 10 be for trigger and control tap change event control unit signal diagram.
Embodiment
There is the design of many switching devices, provide between its at least one movable contact being arranged in tap change exports with outside and be electrically connected, and can smoothing switching between the different taps of tap change by it.Here, term switching device be used in reference to can under the continued operation of tap change (namely in electric power transfer without any interruption) in tap change, transmit load current I from a tap to another tap
loaddevice.In the tap change (being called change over switch type) of a type, tap change comprises the switching device being called change over switch, and capability of tap selector.The switch of change over switch can operate between two taps, carry out handover operation (referring to Fig. 5 and 7) in order.In change over switch tap change, the tap that capability of tap selector will be delivered to for selecting load current, and change over switch for carry out load current from the tap of current connection to capability of tap selector selected by the commutation of tap.The example of change over switch tap change Fig. 1,2, shown in 4a & 4b and 6a & 6b.The tap change (being called selector-switchtype) of another type comprises the switching device being called selector switch unit, there is provided it to switch between two taps, wherein the switch of selector switch unit operates between two taps, carry out handover operation (referring to Fig. 9) in order.The example of selector-switch tap change is shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 8 a & 8b.In selector-switching mode tap change, selector switch unit is used for not only carrying out the selection of tap but also carrying out the commutation of load current to selected tap.
Switching device is designed to be the part of the electrical connection between the fixed contact of tap change and external contact.In selector-switching mode tap change, typically to be formed between fixed contact with external contact whole is connected for switching device, and in conversion hysteria tap change, the electrical connection between fixed contact with external contact is typically formed together with capability of tap selector by switching device.
Switching device can provide at least one pair of path, and one (primary current path) in wherein so right path has the impedance lower than another path (transition current path).Primary current path will be called main path below, and transition current path will be called migration path.Main path and transition both comprise switch, make it possible to disconnect or closed path.Arrange switching device make when switching device in use time, main path and migration path are both electrically connected at first end with the fixed contact of tap change, and are electrically connected with the external contact of tap change at the other end.
During tap conversion operations, to the stage be there is when two taps (" old " tap and " newly " tap) are connected to external contact simultaneously: a tap is connected via the migration path with high impedance, and another via have low-impedance main path or via the second migration path connect (referring to Fig. 5 stage III, Fig. 7 the stage IV of stage IV and Fig. 9).Such stage will be called transition stage here.To serve as between external contact and one (old or new) in the tap involved in tap conversion operations temporary transient is connected, until new tap is connected to exterior connection point via main path for migration path.In transition stage, circulating current flows between involve in tap conversion operations via switching device two taps.Migration path comprises transition switch, and it will interrupt circulating current when disconnecting.Migration path also comprises transition impedance to guarantee that the electric current circulated between new and old tap during transition stage will have limited amplitude.On the other hand, the enough low primary path that makes of the impedance of main path can serve as steady-state current path, and it continues carry load electric current when not carrying out tap conversion operations.
Example for the change over switch tap change 100 being connected to the adjustment winding 105 of transformer schematically illustrates in FIG.Change over switch tap change 100 comprises the switching device adopting change over switch 115 form.This change over switch 115 is connected between external contact 155 with capability of tap selector 120.The tap change 100 of Fig. 1 comprises capability of tap selector 120, and it has two current collectors, 125, two movable contacts 130 and one group of fixed contact 135.Winding 105 is regulated to have a different set of tap 110, and each of can be connected in the tap regulating winding 105 in fixed contact 135.Regulate winding 105 in order to illustration purpose shown in Figure 1, and be not usually considered as the part of tap change 100.
The change over switch of Fig. 1 comprises Liang Ge branch 160, and each branch 160 comprises being connected in series of main switch 140 and transition switch 145, and wherein transition resistance 150 and main switch 140 are connected in parallel.Each branch is at one end connected to the corresponding current collector in two current collectors 125, and is connected to the external contact 155 of tap change 100 at the other end.In order to illustration purpose, the tie point between the branch 160 of current collector 125 and change over switch 115 is indicated by label 170 in FIG.In FIG, main switch 140 and the transition switch 145 of a branch are depicted as disconnection, and the main switch 140 of another branch and transition switch 145 are depicted as closed.
Close according to the main switch 140 in which branch 160 and transition switch 145, one or the other in movable contact 130 will be connected to external contact 155, and thus provide power path by tap change 100.When carrying out tap conversion operations, transition switch 140,145 of advocating peace with predetermined sequence switch, thus temporarily makes transition resistance 150 be connected between " newly " with " old " tap to avoid the high short circuit current between adjacent taps.Transition resistance 150 only connects during tap conversion operations, and will disconnect when new main path closes.Thus each branch 160 of the change over switch 115 of Fig. 1 provides and is connected in series by main switch 140 and transition switch 145 main path formed, and be connected in series by the transition switch 145 of branch 160 and transition resistance 150 migration path formed.The on off sequence corresponding to the sequence used in the change over switch 115 of Fig. 1 illustrates in Figure 5.
Another design of change over switch 115 is shown in Figure 2.In tap change 100, the change over switch 115 of Fig. 2 will typically be connected to capability of tap selector 120, referring to Fig. 1.The change over switch 115 of Fig. 2 comprises Liang Ge branch, is called main split 160a and transition branch 160b.Main split 160a comprises being connected in series of main switch 140 and four-way contact 240a.Transition branch 160b comprises being connected in series of four-way contact 240b, transition switch 145 and transition resistance 150, and main split 160a does not comprise any transition resistance.Transition branch 160b incites somebody to action only loaded current during tap transfer process.It is not shown that the first make contact of four-way contact 240a, 240b can be connected to the first current collector 125(via the first tie point 170a), and second contact point of four-way contact 240a, 240b can be connected to the second current collector 125 via the second tie point 170b.Therefore, main split 160a and transition branch 160b can be connected to two different current collectors 125 via four-way contact 240a and 240b respectively.Third and fourth contact point of four-way contact 240a is all connected to main contacts 140, and third and fourth contact point of four-way contact 240b is connected to being connected in series of transition resistance 150 and transition switch 145.Thus, the migration path that the change over switch 115 of Fig. 2 can provide two different main paths different with two.Main split 160a can provide two different main paths, and this depends on the four-way contact 240a of main split is connected to which current collector 125.Transition branch 160a can provide two different migration paths, and this depends on the four-way contact 240b of transition branch is connected to which current collector 125.In fig. 2, main switch 140 is depicted as disconnection, and transition switch 145 is depicted as closed.
The on off sequence corresponding to the sequence used in the change over switch 115 of Fig. 2 illustrates in the figure 7.
In figure 3, the example of selector-switching mode tap change 100 is schematically illustrated.In selector-switching mode tap change 100, adopt the selector installation of selector switch unit 300 form to adopt removable mode to be connected between current collector 125 with fixed contact 135, make selector switch unit 300 can via current collector 125 optionally in fixed contact 135 selected by one be connected with providing between external contact 155.External contact 155 is connected to current collector 125.Thus via selector switch unit 300, external contact 155 can be connected to one in fixed contact 135 at every turn.The selector switch unit 300 of Fig. 3 comprises Liang Ge branch: main split 160a and transition branch 160b.Main split 160a and transition branch 160b is connected to current collector 125 at first end 305, and both comprise movable contact 130(at the other end and are called movable contact 130a and 130b).The each each self energy of movable contact 130a, b is connected to one in fixed contact 135.
Main split 160a is included in the main switch 140 be connected in series between its movable contact 130a and first end 305.Transition branch 160b is included in being connected in series of transition switch 145 between its movable contact 130b and first end 305 and transition resistance 150.In figure 3, main switch 140 is depicted as disconnection, and transition switch 145 is depicted as closed.By switch main switch 140, switch transition switch 145 and make movable contact 130a move in a predefined manner, fixed contact 135(contacts it with external contact 155) can change.The transition branch 160b of Fig. 3 incites somebody to action only loaded current during tap transfer process.The switching device of Fig. 3 only can provide the main path (being formed by main split 160a) by switching device 300.Similarly, the switching device of Fig. 3 only can provide a migration path (being formed by transition branch 160b).The example corresponding to the on off sequence of the sequence used in the selector switch unit 300 of Fig. 3 illustrates in fig .9.
The different embodiments of illustrated switching device 115,300 share the common trait comprising at least one transition resistance 150 in fig. 1-3, and the employing of this at least one transition resistance 150 makes transition resistance 150 only during tap conversion operations, connect such mode in load current path and main switch 140 is connected in parallel.Other designs many for the switching device of tap change are also available and possible.But, no matter use the design of which change over switch and on off sequence, transition resistance 150 by be never formed in tap conversion operations complete time the part-resistance loss of main path set up will be too large.
As mentioned above, need tap change, it can tackle frequent switch and not emit switching device by due to overheated and risk that is that damage.
According to the present invention, be provided for the switching device carrying tap change, wherein this switching device provides:
L main path, it is included in the main switch be connected in series in this main path;
L migration path, it comprises transition inductor and transition switch, and this transition switch and transition inductor are connected in series; Wherein
The impedance of l migration path is higher than the impedance of main path;
The impedance of l migration path mainly irritability; And
L main switch is compact disconnect;
L main switch and transition inductor are connected in parallel; When making to disconnect main switch when closed transition switch, the load current flowing through main path will commutate to migration path.
By providing the migration path with transition impedance (its mainly irritability), because the thermal losses involved in tap conversion operations will obviously reduce, tap conversion operations can frequently safety carry out.But when main switch disconnects and the part of load current starts to flow in migration path, transition inductor will produce transient recovery voltage across main switch.By providing the main switch adopting compact disconnect form, no matter recovery voltage is how to the complete commutation of migration path can to guarantee load current.Transient recovery voltage typically occurs within the period of 0.1-3ms, and it comprises vibration, but in some implementations, other duration can occur transient recovery voltage.
Main path typically only associates with a migration path, and the migration path of described association forms well-defined path, if the main switch of main path disconnects, load current can commutate to this well-defined path.The impedance of migration path is higher than the impedance associating main path.
Compact disconnect is such switch, and it can block transient recovery voltage in short isolation distance, typically corresponding in 1mm/kV or less isolation distance.Express with alternate ways, the compact disconnect used in the present invention typically can block the transient electric field than 1kV/mm more high magnitude.Usually, will use as providing the compact disconnect of isolation distance (that is, the switch than the 10kV/mm more transient electric field of high magnitude can be blocked) corresponding to the transient voltage being less than 0.1mm/kV in the present invention.By using compact disconnect, load current (if or using the semiconductor device (such as IGBT) of turn-off capacity what for before current zero) directly will occur at current zero place to the commutation in induction transient state path after switch disconnects.Extras will not be needed for the formation of current zero.The efficient commutation of load current thus can realize by the compact design of switching device.
The example of compact disconnect comprises vacuum interrupter and semiconductor switch.
Main switch can be such as starting the arc switch, its even during tap conversion operations exist across inductor arrange transient recovery voltage extinguish arcs.Vacuum interrupter is the example of such starting the arc switch.Such switch also reliably can carry out the quick commutation of load current when there is high transient recovery voltage.
Alternatively, the main switch of compact disconnect can be semiconductor switch.Such semiconductor switch such as can comprise thyristor, IGBT(igbt), MOSFET(mos field effect transistor), IGCT(integral gate change transistor), bimodulus gated transistor (BIGT) or GTO(gate pole turn-off type thyristor).Main switch should be preferably bidirectional switch, and such as can comprise two thyristor-type switches that transistor type switch is connected with inverse parallel (so-called afterflow) diode or inverse parallel etc. when based semiconductor technology two be connected in series be connected in parallel.In Fig. 4 b, 6b and 8b, transition switch of advocating peace is depicted as triacs.
Main switch and transition inductor are connected in parallel.This allows to use bidirectional switch as main switch.In certain embodiments, be connected in parallel to be such, it makes main switch and circuit (wherein transition inductor forms a part) be connected in parallel, and/or transition inductor and circuit (wherein main switch forms a part) are connected in parallel (referring to Fig. 6 a, 6b, 8a, 8b).In other embodiments, being connected in parallel to be such, and it makes main switch and transition inductor be directly connected to each other (referring to Fig. 4 a and 4b).
Main switch 140 is disconnected, to make load current commutate to migration path from main switch during switching device 115,300 is arranged in tap conversion operations.This commutation occurs when transition switch 145 is in closure state.That is, arrange the commutation that switching device 115,300 makes load current from main path to migration path to be undertaken by disconnecting main switch.This process is carried out typically via natural commutation, and the next current zero wherein occurred after main switch triggering is off by the load current of main switch is commutated.
Main switch will make load current commutate to inductor when disconnecting, and namely arrive induction migration path (it comprises transition inductor 400).On the other hand, transition switch will interrupt sensor circuit when disconnecting.Transition switch therefore also can advantageously compact disconnect.
Fig. 4 a, 4b, 6a, 6b, 8a and 8b diagram is according to the different embodiments of switching device of the present invention.Fig. 4 a and 4b illustrates the change over switch 115 based on the change over switch 115 of Fig. 1, wherein transition resistance 150 is replaced by transition inductor 400, and main switch 140 and transition switch 145 are embodied as vacuum interrupter respectively, and (Fig. 4 a) or power semiconductor switch (Fig. 4 b).The on off sequence of the change over switch of Fig. 4 a illustrates in Figure 5, and wherein thick line instruction is at the load current path of the different phase I-V of on off sequence.Same switch sequence may be used for the switch elements of Fig. 4 b.
Fig. 6 a and 6b illustrates the change over switch 115 based on the change over switch 115 of Fig. 2, wherein transition resistance 150 is replaced by transition inductor 400, and main switch 140 and transition switch 145 are embodied as vacuum interrupter respectively, and (Fig. 6 a) or power semiconductor switch (Fig. 6 b).The on off sequence of the change over switch of Fig. 6 a illustrates in the figure 7, and wherein thick line instruction is at the load current path of the different phase I-V of on off sequence.Same switch sequence may be used for the switch elements of Fig. 6 b.
The transition inductor 400 of Fig. 6 a and 6b can replace with two inductors of corresponding that is connected in first and second contact points of four-way contact 240b or combine with it, and wherein the first and second contact points are for transition branch 160b is connected respectively to first and second tie point 170a, 170b.If migration path comprises two or more physics independence inductor, they will form transition inductor 400 together.
Fig. 8 a and 8b illustrates selector-switching mode tap change 100, it comprises the selector switch unit 300 based on selector switch unit shown in Figure 3, wherein transition resistance 150 is replaced by transition inductor 400, and main switch 140 and transition switch 145 are embodied as vacuum interrupter respectively, and (Fig. 8 a) or power semiconductor switch (Fig. 8 b).The on off sequence of the selector switch unit of Fig. 8 a illustrates in fig .9, and wherein thick line instruction is at the load current path of the different phase I-VII of on off sequence.Same switch sequence may be used for the selector switch unit of Fig. 8 b.
Can advantageously such sizing according to the transition inductor 400 in switching device 115,300 of the present invention, it makes the impedance Z of migration path
trdrop in following scope:
Wherein U
stepbe tap change two adjacent fixed contacts 135 between voltage, wherein switching device be designed to operation (this voltage is called step voltage); And Ir is the nominal load current of tap change.By providing the impedance Z of migration path
tr(it is approximate be ratio) about between step voltage and nominal load current, across the voltage drop of transformer when tap conversion operations by the acceptable level of end user.Usually, transition inductor 400 is by such sizing, and it makes impedance Z
trdrop in following scope:
According to the present invention, to transition impedance Z
trinductive contributions be at least 50%, to make the thermal loss in migration path reduce.Usually, inductive contributions will be 70%, or up to 90%, or even higher.At Z
trsensing part and whole Z
trratio when being M, M>50%, the resistance R of migration path
trwith the inductance L of migration path
trratio can be expressed as:
Wherein f is the frequency (typically 50Hz) of transmission system.The inductance L of transition inductor 400
trcan from the transition impedance Z of migration path
trwith resistance R
traspect is expressed as:
Transition inductor 400 can such as rely on thin Al or Cu paper tinsel or Al or Cu line (it is wound around with many circles) to realize.For switching device 115,300(its be arranged to the operation of the load current of 4kV step voltage and 1kA) in the example of transition inductor 400 that designs, the Al paper tinsel that 0.2mm is thick and 50mm is wide is wound in 75 circles, produces the inductance of approximate 9mH.If such transition inductor 400 is approximate is 1 Ω, resistance produces the transition impedance Z of approximate 3 Ω
tr.This realization of transition inductor 400 provides as just illustrated examples, and the L that generation can be used different or similar
tr, R
trand/or Z
trother designs of value.
Discussion above can ignore the capacitive character of transition impedance contributed to this hypothesis under carry out.But, such switching device design can also be envisioned, wherein transition impedance Z
trthere is capacitive character contribution.
As mentioned above, the impedance Z of migration path
trhigher than the impedance Z of main path
main.Usually, transition impedance Z
trwith main path impedance Z
mainratio be about 1,000 or about 10,000 or more.Main path impedance Z
mainmainly ohmic-typically, any induction or capacitive component can be ignored.To main path impedance Z
mainmain contributions typically come from the resistance of the compact disconnect with associated contact.
As mentioned above, the impedance of the main path typically enough low primary path that makes can serve as steady-state current path, and it continues carry load electric current when not carrying out tap conversion operations.
But in some implementations, when expecting to reduce the resistance loss of switching device even further, by-pass current path can be included in switching device.By-pass current path can such as via by-pass switch at tie point 170, be connected between 170a, 170b with exterior connection point 155.Because can accept load current from main path to such bypass/from so comparatively long duration switching to the commutation of main path, by-pass switch can adopt many different modes to design.There is provided the switch designs of slow and less controlled switching process can use in bypass, and in main path, switching process must be fast and predictable, because such time can be minimized, should be long enough to be convenient to electric current at this time durations circulating current on off sequence and occur between two taps simultaneously connected in current zero identical time of commutating.
Switching device 115/300 may further include control unit, for the initialization and control of tap change event.In Fig. 10, the control unit 1000 of main switch 140 for control switch device 115/300 and transition switch is schematically illustrated.The control unit 1000 of Figure 10 has: input interface 1005, and it is configured to receive the triggering signal 1007 that indicative of desired carries out tap conversion operations, and output interface 1010, and it is configured to the transition switch of advocating peace output signal 1012 being transferred to switching device.In one implementation, output interface 1010 every switch in switching device comprises an output, makes the control inputs of each switch 140/145 of switching device can be connected to the output of output interface 1010.Input interface 1005 can be configured to receive triggering signal 1007 via manual interface or from automatic control system.The control unit 1000 of Figure 10 comprises processor 1015 further, and it is connected to memory 1020.Processor 1015 is connected to input interface 1005 and output interface 1010 further.Memory 1020 adopts the form of computer program 1025 to store computer readable code means, and it impels control unit 1000 transmission to impel switching device 115/300 to perform the output signal 1012(of applicable on off sequence referring to Fig. 5,7 and 9 when being performed by processor 1015).Especially, memory stores computer readable code means, it can operate into the main switch 140 of instruction output interface 1010 when reception indicative of desired carries out the triggering signal 1007 of tap conversion operations to current conduction main path and send output signal 1012, thus impel main switch 140 to disconnect, make to carry out load current from current conduction main path to the commutation of migration path (it comprises transition inductor 400).Transition switch 145 does not form the part of primary current path so that in guaranteeing the switching device design that transition switch 145 is closed wherein, memory such as can store computer readable code means further, it can operate into instruction transition switch 145 and close, or checks whether transition switch 145 is in closure state.If desired, input interface 1005 and/or output interface 1010 can be implemented as I/O interface, therefore can occur two-way communication between control unit and switch element 115/300 and/or between control unit and trigger mechanism.
In the alternative design of control unit 1000, processor 1015 and memory 1020 are replaced by the electronic circuit be applicable to.
Switching device discussed above is arranged in tap change and uses, and this tap change is connected to the high-pressure side of transformer, also referred to as European tap change.The history design of tap change develops in two different directions in Europe and the U.S..In Europe, tap change is typically placed on the high-pressure side of transformer, and in the U.S., tap change is typically placed on the low-pressure side of transformer.Thus when connecting tap change according to European standard, the electric current flowing through tap change is relatively less compared with in US standard, and voltage between adjacent taps is relatively high, and vice versa.Therefore, far different to the requirement of European tap change and American tap change.
Fig. 1,3, the tap change design shown in 8a & 8b and Fig. 9 provides as just example, and can use in any applicable tap change design according to switching device of the present invention.Such as, above-disclosed switching device can use in the tap change 100 with any amount of fixed contact 135; Switching device 115,300 can have different designs, etc.
Above-described switching device can use in the tap change with any rated voltage, and especially for the tap change of the system voltage quota for 5kV or higher.This is advantageous particularly for frequent operation tap change, and the thermal loss wherein in traditional resistor transition impedance 150 will be high.With invention tap change, the example of advantageous particularly relevant application is comprised phase shifter, arc furnace and HVDC system.
Although set forth in attached independent claims of the present invention various in, other aspects of the present invention are included in the combination of any feature presented in description above and/or appended claims, and are not only the combination of clearly setting forth in the dependent claims.
Those skilled in that art will recognize that the technology presented is not limited to embodiment (it only presents in order to illustration purpose) disclosed in accompanying drawing and aforesaid detailed description herein, but it can adopt many different modes to realize, and it is limited by claim below.
Claims (12)
1. one kind carries the switching device (115,300) of tap change (100) for having, and described tap change comprises at least two fixed contacts (135), and described switching device provides:
Primary current path, it is included in the main switch (140) be connected in series in described primary current path; With
Transition current path, it comprises transition inductor (400) and transition switch (145), and described transition switch and described transition inductor are connected in series;
The impedance in described transition current path is higher than the impedance of described primary current path, and described switching device is characterised in that:
The inductive contributions of frequency to the impedance in described transition current path being arranged to the transmission system forming its part at described switching device is at least 70%;
The impedance in described transition current path drops in following scope:
extremely
Wherein U
stepthe expection voltage between two adjacent taps of carrying tap change is had described in being, and I
rit is the nominal load current of described tap change;
Described main switch is compact disconnect; And
Described main switch and described transition inductor are connected in parallel, and when making to disconnect described main switch when described transition switch is in closure state, the load current flowing through described primary current path will commutate to described transition current path.
2. switching device as claimed in claim 1, wherein
Described compact disconnect is vacuum interrupter.
3. switching device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein
Described switching device does not comprise any semiconductor switch.
4. switching device as claimed in claim 1, wherein
Described compact disconnect is semiconductive switch.
5. the switching device according to any one of claim 1-4, wherein
The impedance in described transition current path drops in following scope
extremely
,
Wherein U
stepthe expection voltage between two adjacent taps of carrying tap change is had described in being, and I
rit is the nominal load current of described tap change.
6. the switching device according to any one of the claims, wherein said switching device is selector switch unit (300), and described selector switch unit comprises:
Current collector (125), it is connected to outside output (155);
Main split (160a) and transition branch (160b), described main split provides described primary current path and described transition branch provides described transition current path; Wherein
Described main split comprises the described main switch (140) and movable contact (130a) that are connected in series, and described movable contact is arranged to contact with the fixed contact of tap change;
Described transition branch comprises the transition contacts (145), movable contact (130b) and the transition inductor that are connected in series, and described movable contact is arranged to contact with the fixed contact of tap change;
Described main split and described transition branch are at one end connected to described current collector;
Described main split and described transition branch machinery removablely make corresponding movable contact can be connected to fixed contact when mobile respective branch or disconnect from fixed contact.
7. the switching device according to any one of claim 1-5, wherein said switching device is change over switch (115), and described change over switch comprises:
Two tie points (170), for being connected to the corresponding current collector of capability of tap selector; And
Liang Ge branch (160), connects between its current collector corresponding in described external contact connects to current collector connects; Wherein each branch can provide two different current paths to described load current.
8. switching device as claimed in claim 7, wherein
Each in described Liang Ge branch comprises transition contacts (145), main contacts (140) and transition inductor (400); Wherein
For each branch, described main contacts and described transition contacts are connected in series, and the transition inductor of described branch is connected with described main contact parallel, make each branch can provide the primary current path formed by described transition contacts and described main contacts, and the transition current path formed by described transition contacts and described transition inductor.
9. switching device as claimed in claim 7, wherein
Described Liang Ge branch is main split (160a) and transition branch (160b); Wherein
Described transition branch comprises inductor;
It is described that to advocate peace in transition branch each comprises being connected in series of four-way contact and compact disconnect, first contact of described four-way contact is connected to described first current collector, second contact of described four-way contact is connected to described second current collector, and the third and fourth contact of described four-way contact is connected to the compact disconnect of described branch, make described main split can provide two alternative primary current paths and described migration path can provide two alternative transition current paths; And
The inductor of described transition branch and described four-way contact and compact disconnect are connected in series.
10. switching device as claimed in any one of claims 1-9 wherein, described switching device comprises control unit (1000) further, and described control unit is configured to:
When receiving indicative of desired and carrying out the signal of tap conversion operations, by disconnecting the main switch of described current conduction primary current path when described transition switch is in closure state, carry out described load current from current conduction primary current path to the commutation in transition current path comprising transition inductor (400).
11. switching devices according to any one of claim 1-10, wherein
The inductive contributions of frequency to the impedance in described transition current path being arranged to the transmission system forming its part at described switching device is at least 90%.
12. 1 kinds of tap changes (100), it comprises the switching device according to any one of the claims.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP13155347.1 | 2013-02-15 | ||
| EP13155347.1A EP2767996B1 (en) | 2013-02-15 | 2013-02-15 | Switching device for an on-load tap changer |
| PCT/EP2014/050605 WO2014124771A1 (en) | 2013-02-15 | 2014-01-14 | Switching device for an on-load tap changer |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105308703A true CN105308703A (en) | 2016-02-03 |
| CN105308703B CN105308703B (en) | 2017-09-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201480021344.9A Active CN105308703B (en) | 2013-02-15 | 2014-01-14 | For there is the switching device for carrying tap change |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2767996B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN105308703B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2014124771A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105632729A (en) * | 2016-03-04 | 2016-06-01 | 浙江宝威电气有限公司 | Rapid arc-extinguishing on-load capacitance regulation switch of transformer |
| CN107195445A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2017-09-22 | 浙江宝威电气有限公司 | A kind of lighning proof type loaded capacity-regulated transformer and loaded capacity-regulated switch |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3024007A1 (en) | 2015-04-13 | 2016-05-25 | ABB Technology Ltd | A diverter switch of resistor type, a method for controlling the diverter switch, and an on-load tap changer including the diverter switch |
| EP3098824B1 (en) | 2015-05-27 | 2018-03-07 | ABB Schweiz AG | A contact unit for a tap changer and a tap selector comprising the contact unit |
| DE102019112718A1 (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2020-11-19 | Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh | Method for performing a switchover of at least one switching means of an operating means and drive system for at least one switching means of an operating means |
| EP4026155B1 (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2023-08-09 | S&C Electric Company | Switch assembly with energy harvesting |
| US11508539B2 (en) | 2020-10-01 | 2022-11-22 | S&C Electric Company | Voltage readings using high voltage resistor across vacuum interrupter |
| CN114944297A (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-08-26 | 常州博瑞电力自动化设备有限公司 | Split type change-over switch of on-load tap-changer |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4081741A (en) * | 1975-10-29 | 1978-03-28 | Asea Aktiebolag | On-load tap changer |
| US4550285A (en) * | 1982-06-26 | 1985-10-29 | Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebruder Scheubeck Gmbh & Co. Kg | Load-switching circuit for antiparallel thyristor networks and a tapped transformer |
| CN102725809A (en) * | 2009-09-15 | 2012-10-10 | 皇家创新公司 | Method and apparatus for performing on-load mechanical switching operations |
-
2013
- 2013-02-15 EP EP13155347.1A patent/EP2767996B1/en active Active
-
2014
- 2014-01-14 CN CN201480021344.9A patent/CN105308703B/en active Active
- 2014-01-14 WO PCT/EP2014/050605 patent/WO2014124771A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4081741A (en) * | 1975-10-29 | 1978-03-28 | Asea Aktiebolag | On-load tap changer |
| US4550285A (en) * | 1982-06-26 | 1985-10-29 | Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebruder Scheubeck Gmbh & Co. Kg | Load-switching circuit for antiparallel thyristor networks and a tapped transformer |
| CN102725809A (en) * | 2009-09-15 | 2012-10-10 | 皇家创新公司 | Method and apparatus for performing on-load mechanical switching operations |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105632729A (en) * | 2016-03-04 | 2016-06-01 | 浙江宝威电气有限公司 | Rapid arc-extinguishing on-load capacitance regulation switch of transformer |
| CN107195445A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2017-09-22 | 浙江宝威电气有限公司 | A kind of lighning proof type loaded capacity-regulated transformer and loaded capacity-regulated switch |
| CN107195445B (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2019-04-12 | 浙江宝威电气有限公司 | A kind of lighning proof type loaded capacity-regulated transformer and loaded capacity-regulated switch |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2767996A1 (en) | 2014-08-20 |
| CN105308703B (en) | 2017-09-12 |
| WO2014124771A1 (en) | 2014-08-21 |
| EP2767996B1 (en) | 2017-09-27 |
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