CN105307179A - Channel detection method and channel detection device - Google Patents
Channel detection method and channel detection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105307179A CN105307179A CN201510623238.4A CN201510623238A CN105307179A CN 105307179 A CN105307179 A CN 105307179A CN 201510623238 A CN201510623238 A CN 201510623238A CN 105307179 A CN105307179 A CN 105307179A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
- H04W24/02—Arrangements for optimising operational condition
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
- H04W16/14—Spectrum sharing arrangements between different networks
Abstract
The invention provides a channel detection method and a channel detection device. The channel detection method comprises the following steps: when a sender transmits data in a channel occupying way, judging whether a channel occupation time ends or not; and when any channel occupation time is judged to end, starting an ECCA (Extended CCA) channel detection process. Through the technical scheme of the invention, conditions for executing an ECCA process and an ICCA (Initial CCA) process of the sender can be determined, and fairness during preemption of unauthorized frequency spectrums by the sender is effectively ensured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to communication technical field, in particular to a kind of channel detection method and a kind of Channel Detection device.
Background technology
At present, 3GPP proposes the concept of LAA (the auxiliary access of LTEAssistedAccess, LTE), for authorizing the help of frequency spectrum to use unlicensed spectrum by LTE (LongTermEvolution, Long Term Evolution).And LTE network is when using unauthorized frequency range, one of topmost key point guarantees that LAA system can coexist with existing access technology (such as Wi-Fi) on fair friendly basis.And in traditional LTE system, do not have the mechanism of LBT (ListenBeforeTalk, listem-before-talk) to carry out collision free, in order to better coexist with Wi-Fi, LTE system needs a kind of LBT mechanism.Like this, if LTE detects channel busy in unlicensed spectrum, then can not take this frequency range, if detect that channel is not busy, just can take.
Based on the problems referred to above, propose a kind of based on LBE (Loadbasedequipment in correlation technique, equipment based on load) LBT mechanism, as shown in Figure 1: the LBT mechanism based on LBE is aperiodic, as long as business arrives, then trigger CCA to detect, if CCA detects idle, then send signaling or data at once; If channel busy detected, then get a random number N, the span of N is 1 to q, and wherein, q is the length of competition window, and its span is 4 to 32.Fig. 1 shows the situation of q=16, and now, when channel idle being detected, the maximum holding time of channel is (13/32) × q=6.5ms.After 6.5ms, taking ECCA (i.e. ExtendedCCA) mechanism, is namely also random value N, the scope of N is 1 to q, if value is 8, then represent that each CCA will detect channel detection time in ensuing continuous print CCA detection time, if channel idle detected, then N-1, if channel busy detected, then N is constant, when N is 0, send signaling or data.
In addition, in order to further keep fairness with Wi-Fi, LBE takes different ICCA (initialCCA) and the value of ECCA, and wherein, first time CCA detects and is called ICCA, and this time granularity is larger, such as 34us; When detecting that the time granularity of the ECCA after channel busy or Channel holding time cut-off is smaller, such as 9us.Meanwhile, as shown in Figure 2, in Channel Detection, if channel busy detected, then will increase a deferperiod (time of delay), the value of this deferperiod is suitable with the value of initialCCA, that is again channel idle must be detected for a long time, could N-1 be continued.
Owing to having certain size time each packet arrives, and be in general all need multiple maximum channel holding time just can transfer.If when channel is busier, the value of competition window q may be comparatively large, causes the time required for the process of ECCA will be very long.So after a Channel holding time terminates, ECCA process may not be carried out in sending point, but carry out once initial ICCA Channel Detection before data transmission, easilier than ECCA process will rob like this and account for channel, but this way have impact on the fairness of sending point when seizing unlicensed spectrum.
Therefore, the condition that sending point performs ECCA process and ICCA process can how be specified, to ensure that the fairness of sending point when seizing unlicensed spectrum becomes technical problem urgently to be resolved hurrily.
Summary of the invention
The present invention based on above-mentioned technical problem one of at least, proposes a kind of new Channel Detection scheme just, can specifying the condition that transmit leg performs ECCA process and ICCA process, effectively ensure that the fairness of transmit leg when seizing unlicensed spectrum.
In view of this, according to a first aspect of the invention, propose a kind of channel detection method, comprising: transmit leg, in the process of busy channel transmission data, judges whether Channel holding time terminates; At the end of the arbitrary secondary channel holding time of judgement, open ECCA channel detection process.
In this technical scheme, by opening ECCA channel detection process at the end of a Channel holding time in office, can avoid transmit leg after Channel holding time terminates, carry out ICCA channel detection process and the rob problem that account for channel easier than other sending point of carrying out ECCA channel detection process, effectively ensure that different transmit legs is seizing fairness when unlicensed spectrum sends data.Wherein, Channel holding time terminates to comprise following two kinds of situations: a kind of is that the duration of busy channel reaches maximum channel holding time; Another kind is that the data in buffer area (buffer) are all transmitted.
In technique scheme, preferably, after the described ECCA channel detection process of unlatching, also comprise: at the end of described ECCA channel detection process, judge whether to there are data waiting for transmission; If judge there are not described data waiting for transmission, then enter idle condition, and when described data waiting for transmission arrive, start ICCA channel detection process; Determine whether to send described data waiting for transmission according to the testing result of described ICCA channel detection process.
In above-mentioned arbitrary technical scheme, preferably, after the described ECCA channel detection process of unlatching, also comprise: if data waiting for transmission exist when described ECCA channel detection process is opened, or described data waiting for transmission arrived before described ECCA channel detection process terminates, then after described ECCA channel detection process terminates, determine whether to send described data waiting for transmission according to the testing result of described ECCA channel detection process.
In above-mentioned arbitrary technical scheme, preferably, after the described ECCA channel detection process of unlatching, also comprise: if data waiting for transmission arrived before described ECCA channel detection process terminates, then at the end of described ECCA channel detection process or when described data waiting for transmission arrive, restart described ECCA channel detection process, and determine whether to send described data waiting for transmission according to the testing result of the described ECCA channel detection process restarted.
In above-mentioned arbitrary technical scheme, preferably, also comprise:
After a Channel holding time in office terminates, and before the described ECCA channel detection process of unlatching, perform deferperiod process; And
In described ECCA channel detection process, if arbitrary ECCA detects granularity Detection to channel busy, then after described arbitrary ECCA detects granularity, perform deferperiod process.
According to a second aspect of the invention, also proposed a kind of Channel Detection device, comprising: the first judging unit, for transmit leg in the process of busy channel transmission data, judge whether Channel holding time terminates; Processing unit, at the end of judging arbitrary secondary channel holding time at described first judging unit, opens ECCA channel detection process.
In this technical scheme, by opening ECCA channel detection process at the end of a Channel holding time in office, can avoid transmit leg after Channel holding time terminates, carry out ICCA channel detection process and the rob problem that account for channel easier than other sending point of carrying out ECCA channel detection process, effectively ensure that different transmit legs is seizing fairness when unlicensed spectrum sends data.Wherein, Channel holding time terminates to comprise following two kinds of situations: a kind of is that the duration of busy channel reaches maximum channel holding time; Another kind is that the data in buffer area (buffer) are all transmitted.
In above-mentioned arbitrary technical scheme, preferably, also comprise: the second judging unit, at the end of described ECCA channel detection process, judge whether to there are data waiting for transmission; Described processing unit also for, when described second judging unit judges there are not described data waiting for transmission, control described transmit leg and enter idle condition, and when described data waiting for transmission arrive, start ICCA channel detection process; Described Channel Detection device also comprises: the first transmitting element, sends described data waiting for transmission for determining whether according to the testing result of described ICCA channel detection process.
In above-mentioned arbitrary technical scheme, preferably, also comprise: the second transmitting element, if data waiting for transmission exist when described ECCA channel detection process is opened, or described data waiting for transmission arrived before described ECCA channel detection process terminates, then after described ECCA channel detection process terminates, determine whether to send described data waiting for transmission according to the testing result of described ECCA channel detection process.
In above-mentioned arbitrary technical scheme, preferably, described processing unit also for, if data waiting for transmission arrived before described ECCA channel detection process terminates, then at the end of described ECCA channel detection process or when described data waiting for transmission arrive, restart described ECCA channel detection process; Described Channel Detection device also comprises: the 3rd transmitting element, for determining whether to send described data waiting for transmission according to the testing result of the described ECCA channel detection process restarted.
In above-mentioned arbitrary technical scheme, preferably, described processing unit also for:
After a Channel holding time in office terminates, and before the described ECCA channel detection process of unlatching, perform deferperiod process; And
In described ECCA channel detection process, if arbitrary ECCA detects granularity Detection to channel busy, then after described arbitrary ECCA detects granularity, perform deferperiod process.
By above technical scheme, the condition that transmit leg performs ECCA process and ICCA process can being specified, effectively ensure that the fairness of transmit leg when seizing unlicensed spectrum.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 shows the frame structure schematic diagram of the LBT mechanism based on LBE;
Fig. 2 shows the frame structure schematic diagram of the LBE mechanism including deferperiod process;
Fig. 3 shows the schematic flow diagram of channel detection method according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 shows the schematic block diagram of Channel Detection device according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 shows the schematic block diagram of base station according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 shows the schematic block diagram of terminal according to an embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
In order to more clearly understand above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage, below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further described in detail.It should be noted that, when not conflicting, the feature in the embodiment of the application and embodiment can combine mutually.
Set forth a lot of detail in the following description so that fully understand the present invention; but; the present invention can also adopt other to be different from other modes described here and implement, and therefore, protection scope of the present invention is not by the restriction of following public specific embodiment.
Fig. 3 shows the schematic flow diagram of channel detection method according to an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in Figure 3, channel detection method according to an embodiment of the invention, comprising:
Step 302, transmit leg, in the process of busy channel transmission data, judges whether Channel holding time terminates;
Step 304, at the end of the arbitrary secondary channel holding time of judgement, opens ECCA channel detection process.
In this technical scheme, by opening ECCA channel detection process at the end of a Channel holding time in office, can avoid transmit leg after Channel holding time terminates, carry out ICCA channel detection process and the rob problem that account for channel easier than other sending point of carrying out ECCA channel detection process, effectively ensure that different transmit legs is seizing fairness when unlicensed spectrum sends data.Wherein, Channel holding time terminates to comprise following two kinds of situations: a kind of is that the duration of busy channel reaches maximum channel holding time; Another kind is that the data in buffer area (buffer) are all transmitted.
In technique scheme, preferably, after the described ECCA channel detection process of unlatching, also comprise: at the end of described ECCA channel detection process, judge whether to there are data waiting for transmission; If judge there are not described data waiting for transmission, then enter idle condition, and when described data waiting for transmission arrive, start ICCA channel detection process; Determine whether to send described data waiting for transmission according to the testing result of described ICCA channel detection process.
This technical scheme specify that transmit leg performs the condition of ICCA process, particularly, at the end of ECCA channel detection process, if data waiting for transmission arrive not yet, then transmit leg can enter idle condition, when the data of available for transmission, performs ICCA channel detection process.Wherein, determine whether that the step sending data waiting for transmission specifically comprises according to the testing result of ICCA channel detection process: if ICCA channel detection process detects channel idle, then send data waiting for transmission; If ICCA channel detection process detects channel busy, then do not send data waiting for transmission.
In above-mentioned arbitrary technical scheme, preferably, after the described ECCA channel detection process of unlatching, also comprise: if data waiting for transmission exist when described ECCA channel detection process is opened, or described data waiting for transmission arrived before described ECCA channel detection process terminates, then after described ECCA channel detection process terminates, determine whether to send described data waiting for transmission according to the testing result of described ECCA channel detection process.
Wherein, determine whether that the step sending data waiting for transmission specifically comprises according to the testing result of ECCA channel detection process: if ECCA channel detection process detects channel idle, then send data waiting for transmission; If ECCA channel detection process detects channel busy, then do not send data waiting for transmission.
In above-mentioned arbitrary technical scheme, preferably, after the described ECCA channel detection process of unlatching, also comprise: if data waiting for transmission arrived before described ECCA channel detection process terminates, then at the end of described ECCA channel detection process or when described data waiting for transmission arrive, restart described ECCA channel detection process, and determine whether to send described data waiting for transmission according to the testing result of the described ECCA channel detection process restarted.
Wherein, determine whether that the step sending data waiting for transmission specifically comprises according to the testing result of the ECCA channel detection process restarted: if the ECCA channel detection process restarted detects channel idle, then send data waiting for transmission; If the ECCA channel detection process restarted detects channel busy, then do not send data waiting for transmission.
In above-mentioned arbitrary technical scheme, preferably, also comprise:
After a Channel holding time in office terminates, and before the described ECCA channel detection process of unlatching, perform deferperiod process; And
In described ECCA channel detection process, if arbitrary ECCA detects granularity Detection to channel busy, then after described arbitrary ECCA detects granularity, perform deferperiod process.
Fig. 4 shows the schematic block diagram of Channel Detection device according to an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in Figure 4, Channel Detection device 400 according to an embodiment of the invention, comprising: the first judging unit 402 and processing unit 404.
Wherein, the first judging unit 402, for transmit leg in the process of busy channel transmission data, judges whether Channel holding time terminates; Processing unit 404, at the end of judging arbitrary secondary channel holding time at described first judging unit 402, opens ECCA channel detection process.
In this technical scheme, by opening ECCA channel detection process at the end of a Channel holding time in office, can avoid transmit leg after Channel holding time terminates, carry out ICCA channel detection process and the rob problem that account for channel easier than other sending point of carrying out ECCA channel detection process, effectively ensure that different transmit legs is seizing fairness when unlicensed spectrum sends data.Wherein, Channel holding time terminates to comprise following two kinds of situations: a kind of is that the duration of busy channel reaches maximum channel holding time; Another kind is that the data in buffer area (buffer) are all transmitted.
In above-mentioned arbitrary technical scheme, preferably, also comprise: the second judging unit 406, at the end of described ECCA channel detection process, judge whether to there are data waiting for transmission; Described processing unit 404 also for, when described second judging unit 406 judges to there are not described data waiting for transmission, control described transmit leg and enter idle condition, and when described data waiting for transmission arrive, start ICCA channel detection process; Described Channel Detection device 400 also comprises: the first transmitting element 408, sends described data waiting for transmission for determining whether according to the testing result of described ICCA channel detection process.
This technical scheme specify that transmit leg performs the condition of ICCA process, particularly, at the end of ECCA channel detection process, if data waiting for transmission arrive not yet, then transmit leg can enter idle condition, when the data of available for transmission, performs ICCA channel detection process.Wherein, determine whether that the step sending data waiting for transmission specifically comprises according to the testing result of ICCA channel detection process: if ICCA channel detection process detects channel idle, then send data waiting for transmission; If ICCA channel detection process detects channel busy, then do not send data waiting for transmission.
In above-mentioned arbitrary technical scheme, preferably, also comprise: the second transmitting element 410, if data waiting for transmission exist when described ECCA channel detection process is opened, or described data waiting for transmission arrived before described ECCA channel detection process terminates, then after described ECCA channel detection process terminates, determine whether to send described data waiting for transmission according to the testing result of described ECCA channel detection process.
Wherein, determine whether that the step sending data waiting for transmission specifically comprises according to the testing result of ECCA channel detection process: if ECCA channel detection process detects channel idle, then send data waiting for transmission; If ECCA channel detection process detects channel busy, then do not send data waiting for transmission.
In above-mentioned arbitrary technical scheme, preferably, described processing unit 404 also for, if data waiting for transmission arrived before described ECCA channel detection process terminates, then at the end of described ECCA channel detection process or when described data waiting for transmission arrive, restart described ECCA channel detection process; Described Channel Detection device also comprises: the 3rd transmitting element 412, for determining whether to send described data waiting for transmission according to the testing result of the described ECCA channel detection process restarted.
Wherein, determine whether that the step sending data waiting for transmission specifically comprises according to the testing result of the ECCA channel detection process restarted: if the ECCA channel detection process restarted detects channel idle, then send data waiting for transmission; If the ECCA channel detection process restarted detects channel busy, then do not send data waiting for transmission.
In above-mentioned arbitrary technical scheme, preferably, described processing unit 404 also for:
After a Channel holding time in office terminates, and before the described ECCA channel detection process of unlatching, perform deferperiod process; And
In described ECCA channel detection process, if arbitrary ECCA detects granularity Detection to channel busy, then after described arbitrary ECCA detects granularity, perform deferperiod process.
Fig. 5 shows the schematic block diagram of base station according to an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in Figure 5, base station 500 according to an embodiment of the invention, comprising: Channel Detection device 400 as shown in Figure 4.
Fig. 6 shows the schematic block diagram of terminal according to an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in Figure 6, terminal 600 according to an embodiment of the invention, comprising: Channel Detection device 400 as shown in Figure 4.
In sum, the present invention mainly gives the condition triggering ECCA channel procedure and the triggering of ICCA Channel Detection, to ensure the fairness of multiple sending point when seizing unlicensed spectrum.Specific as follows:
One, after any Channel holding time terminates, whether also have data regardless of in the buffer of sending point, all will open ECCA channel detection process.
If 1 at the end of this ECCA testing process, also do not have data in buffer, so this sending point can enter idle (free time) state.In the ensuing time, if packet arrives, then can use ICCA Channel Detection.
If 2 when this ECCA testing process starts, in buffer, just there are data, then after ECCA process terminates, if ECCA testing result is channel idle, then starts new Channel holding time once, send the data in buffer.
If 3 have data to arrive during this ECCA testing process, then can there is the following two kinds processing method:
1) after this ECCA process terminates, if ECCA testing result is channel idle, then starts new Channel holding time once, send the data in buffer.
2) after this ECCA process terminates or when data arrive, restart once new ECCA testing process, after new ECCA testing process terminates, if new ECCA testing result is channel idle, then start new Channel holding time once, send the data in buffer.
Two, after Channel holding time terminates, and before ECCA process is opened, the process of a configuration deferperiod is needed.In ECCA process, if arbitrary ECCA detects granularity Detection to channel busy, then also need the process of a configuration deferperiod.
More than be described with reference to the accompanying drawings technical scheme of the present invention, consider when channel is busier, sending point is after a Channel holding time terminates, ECCA process may not be carried out, but carry out once initial ICCA Channel Detection before data transmission, easilier than ECCA process robbing like this and account for channel, have impact on the fairness of sending point when seizing unlicensed spectrum.Therefore, the present invention proposes a kind of new Channel Detection scheme, the condition that transmit leg performs ECCA process and ICCA process can being specified, effectively ensure that the fairness of transmit leg when seizing unlicensed spectrum.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a channel detection method, is characterized in that, comprising:
Transmit leg, in the process of busy channel transmission data, judges whether Channel holding time terminates;
At the end of the arbitrary secondary channel holding time of judgement, open ECCA channel detection process.
2. channel detection method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, after the described ECCA channel detection process of unlatching, also comprises:
At the end of described ECCA channel detection process, judge whether to there are data waiting for transmission;
If judge there are not described data waiting for transmission, then enter idle condition, and when described data waiting for transmission arrive, start ICCA channel detection process;
Determine whether to send described data waiting for transmission according to the testing result of described ICCA channel detection process.
3. channel detection method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, after the described ECCA channel detection process of unlatching, also comprises:
If data waiting for transmission exist when described ECCA channel detection process is opened, or described data waiting for transmission arrived before described ECCA channel detection process terminates, then after described ECCA channel detection process terminates, determine whether to send described data waiting for transmission according to the testing result of described ECCA channel detection process.
4. channel detection method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, after the described ECCA channel detection process of unlatching, also comprises:
If data waiting for transmission arrived before described ECCA channel detection process terminates, then at the end of described ECCA channel detection process or when described data waiting for transmission arrive, restart described ECCA channel detection process, and determine whether to send described data waiting for transmission according to the testing result of the described ECCA channel detection process restarted.
5. channel detection method according to any one of claim 1 to 4, is characterized in that, also comprises:
After a Channel holding time in office terminates, and before the described ECCA channel detection process of unlatching, perform deferperiod process; And
In described ECCA channel detection process, if arbitrary ECCA detects granularity Detection to channel busy, then after described arbitrary ECCA detects granularity, perform deferperiod process.
6. a Channel Detection device, is characterized in that, comprising:
First judging unit, for transmit leg in the process of busy channel transmission data, judges whether Channel holding time terminates;
Processing unit, at the end of judging arbitrary secondary channel holding time at described first judging unit, opens ECCA channel detection process.
7. Channel Detection device according to claim 6, is characterized in that, also comprise: the second judging unit, at the end of described ECCA channel detection process, judges whether to there are data waiting for transmission;
Described processing unit also for, when described second judging unit judges there are not described data waiting for transmission, control described transmit leg and enter idle condition, and when described data waiting for transmission arrive, start ICCA channel detection process;
Described Channel Detection device also comprises: the first transmitting element, sends described data waiting for transmission for determining whether according to the testing result of described ICCA channel detection process.
8. Channel Detection device according to claim 6, is characterized in that, also comprise:
Second transmitting element, if data waiting for transmission exist when described ECCA channel detection process is opened, or described data waiting for transmission arrived before described ECCA channel detection process terminates, then after described ECCA channel detection process terminates, determine whether to send described data waiting for transmission according to the testing result of described ECCA channel detection process.
9. Channel Detection device according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described processing unit also for, if data waiting for transmission arrived before described ECCA channel detection process terminates, then at the end of described ECCA channel detection process or when described data waiting for transmission arrive, restart described ECCA channel detection process;
Described Channel Detection device also comprises: the 3rd transmitting element, for determining whether to send described data waiting for transmission according to the testing result of the described ECCA channel detection process restarted.
10. the Channel Detection device according to any one of claim 6 to 9, is characterized in that, described processing unit also for:
After a Channel holding time in office terminates, and before the described ECCA channel detection process of unlatching, perform deferperiod process; And
In described ECCA channel detection process, if arbitrary ECCA detects granularity Detection to channel busy, then after described arbitrary ECCA detects granularity, perform deferperiod process.
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WO2019237231A1 (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2019-12-19 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Method, network device, and terminal device for channel transmission on unlicensed spectrum |
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CN104539405A (en) * | 2015-01-28 | 2015-04-22 | 深圳酷派技术有限公司 | Channel detection method, channel detection system, base station and terminal |
CN104717686A (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2015-06-17 | 深圳酷派技术有限公司 | Channel detection method of unauthorized frequency band and network cell equipment |
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CN104333873A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-02-04 | 东莞宇龙通信科技有限公司 | Channel detection method and system, as well as equipment and terminal having functions of base station |
CN104539405A (en) * | 2015-01-28 | 2015-04-22 | 深圳酷派技术有限公司 | Channel detection method, channel detection system, base station and terminal |
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CN108476531A (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2018-08-31 | 索尼公司 | Electronic equipment in wireless communication system and wireless communications method |
WO2019237231A1 (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2019-12-19 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Method, network device, and terminal device for channel transmission on unlicensed spectrum |
US11388752B2 (en) | 2018-06-11 | 2022-07-12 | Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp., Ltd. | Method, network device, and terminal device for channel transmission on unlicensed spectrum |
US11638303B2 (en) | 2018-06-11 | 2023-04-25 | Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp., Ltd. | Method, network device, and terminal device for channel transmission on unlicensed spectrum |
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