CN105305972A - Radio-frequency front-end electromagnetic pulse protection module - Google Patents
Radio-frequency front-end electromagnetic pulse protection module Download PDFInfo
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- CN105305972A CN105305972A CN201510819235.8A CN201510819235A CN105305972A CN 105305972 A CN105305972 A CN 105305972A CN 201510819235 A CN201510819235 A CN 201510819235A CN 105305972 A CN105305972 A CN 105305972A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a radio-frequency front-end electromagnetic pulse protection module, which comprises a primary high-power limiting module, wherein the primary high-power limiting module comprises multiple layers of coaxial protection membrane and a directional coupler; each layer of protection membrane is formed by protection chains, which encircle a circle center and are radially distributed on a coaxial printed circuit board and a circuit board; round magnetic rings sleeved on a coaxial inner conductor are arranged at two sides of each protection membrane; a nonlinear passive protection device used for pulse voltage suppression is distributed on each protection chain; the directional coupler is formed by a coupling line parallel to the coaxial inner conductor and a radio-frequency output joint fixed on a coaxial outer conductor. The radio-frequency front-end electromagnetic pulse protection module has 10Kw power-resistant ability, suppression degree of more than 60dB and subnanosecond response characteristic, and the problems of low bearing power, low suppression degree and slow response speed of the existing radio-frequency front-end protection module can be effectively solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to radio frequency arts, particularly relate to a kind of radio-frequency front-end Spark gap module.
Background technology
At present; the basic clipping module adopted based on single-stage or multistage PIN diode of radio-frequency front-end protection of all kinds of radio frequency and microwave electron information system, can protect the low noise amplification module of radio-frequency front-end sensitivity not suffer physical damnification after the match at the high-level radiation of hundreds of V/m.But Electromagnetic pulse radiating field is up to tens of more than kV/m, and existing protection module cannot guarantee the fail safe of radio-frequency front-end.Specifically, there are the following problems:
Bear power low: at present adopt the pulse power ability to bear of protection module to be no more than 1kW.Existing data shows, under electromagnetic pulse environment, the instantaneous coupled power of various types of communication system, surveillance detection system radio-frequency front-end is by tens of more than kW.
Degree of suppression is low: the purpose of design due to existing protection module is the strong radio frequency interference of below reply multikilowatt, and the damage threshold of rear class protection object-low noise amplification module is tens of milliwatt, therefore in degree of suppression, is usually not more than 50dB.Under electromagnetic pulse field irradiation, owing to being coupled to the peak power of radio-frequency front-end ten kilowatts of magnitudes, for ensureing that electric heating damage does not occur rear class LNA module, degree of suppression should reach more than 60dB.
Response speed is slow: the response time of the PIN diode adopted in existing protection module when electromagnetic pulse is injected is number ns to tens of ns, because electromagnetic pulse forward position is generally sub-ns level, the excessively slow response speed of existing guard technology will cause the low noise amplification module generation transient state electrical breakdown of rear class sensitivity.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is for defect of the prior art, provides a kind of radio-frequency front-end Spark gap module, and what solve the existence of existing radio-frequency front-end protection module bears the problem that power is low, degree of suppression is low and response speed is slow.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of radio-frequency front-end Spark gap module, comprise elementary high power clipping module, described elementary high power clipping module comprises multilayer coaxial type protection diaphragm and directional coupler, directional coupler both between any two-layer protection diaphragm, also can be able to be positioned at before ground floor protects diaphragm or after last protective filmy layer sheet;
Every layer of protection diaphragm is by the protective chain composition that coaxial type printed circuit board and circuit board radially distribute around the center of circle, described protection diaphragm both sides are furnished with the circular magnetic loop be enclosed within coaxial inner conductor, described protective chain are dispersed with the nonlinear passive protective device suppressed for pulse voltage;
Described directional coupler is made up of the coupling line and the radio frequency out splice going splice be fixed on coaxial outer conductor being parallel to coaxial inner conductor.
The function of elementary high power clipping module tentatively suppresses the amplitude of high-power electromagnetic pulse signal, this kind of protection module be applicable to have higher level Electromagnetic pulse radiating field damage threshold such as, by protection object, shortwave, ultra short wave communication system.
The effect of circular magnetic loop produces certain induction reactance in the loop, to offset the capacitive reactance that on diaphragm, protective device distributed capacitance produces, reduces clipping module to the insertion loss of normal working signal.
By such scheme, described radio-frequency front-end Spark gap module also comprises control module and final stage low-power clipping module, and described control module comprises one or more detection comparator, and final stage low-power clipping module is formed primarily of PIN diode;
The input of described control module is connected with the output of directional coupler, and the output of control module is connected with final stage low-power clipping module.
The function of control module is for the low dynamic rate clipping module of final stage provides drive singal; The function of final stage low-power clipping module the amplitude through the preliminary high-power electromagnetic pulse signal suppressed is cut to more low-level, protection sensitive equipment.The protection module comprising elementary high power clipping module, control module and final stage low-power clipping module be applicable to have medium rank Electromagnetic pulse radiating field damage threshold such as, by protection object, the surveillance detection system of L, S-band.
By such scheme, described radio-frequency front-end Spark gap module also comprises time delay module; Described control module is connected with final stage low-power clipping module by time delay module.
The function of time delay module is that the elementary clipping module of proper extension outputs signal the time be delivered to needed for final stage protection module, thus compensates the start-up study of final stage protection module, reduces spike and reveals energy.The protection module comprising time delay module be applicable to have compared with low level Electromagnetic pulse radiating field damage threshold such as, by protection object, the part surveillance detection system of C, X-band and the satellite communication system of Ku wave band.
By such scheme, described detection comparator is made up of peak-detector circuit and comparison circuit.
Peak-detector circuit is primarily of having the Schottky diode of low barrier height and low junction capacitance, filter capacitor and choke induction composition, and its effect is the envelope extracting input radio frequency signal, forms vision signal, and is supplied to comparison circuit; Comparison circuit is made up of the high-speed comparator and peripheral circuit element with nanosecond propagation delay and millivolt level response lag, its effect compares, to judge whether that the electromagnetic pulse being formed potential hazard enters radio-frequency front-end with the threshold value preset the video amplitude of input.Comparator output low level under normal circumstances, if video amplitude is greater than set threshold value, then comparator exports the high level drive singal of specific pulsewidth, and pulsewidth is determined by timing circuit, and signal amplitude depends on comparator supply power voltage.
By such scheme, the PIN diode in described final stage low-power clipping module adopts bare chip, and the inner face of cathode weld bottom final stage low-power clipping module metal shell, two bonding lines of being drawn by anode are series between the microstrip line on circuit board.
By such scheme, the number of plies of described elementary high power clipping module internal Protection diaphragm is less than or equal to 3 layers.
By such scheme, the nonlinear passive protective device for pulse voltage suppression that described protective chain distributes is TVS diode or PIN diode.
By such scheme, the protective device that described ground floor protection diaphragm protective chain adopts is TVS diode; It is PIN diode that the second layer and third layer protect the protective device that diaphragm protective chain adopts.
The present invention produce beneficial effect be: protection module provided by the invention can overcome existing radio-frequency front-end protection module exist bear the problem that power is low, degree of suppression is low and response speed is slow, the power bearing ability of protection module is brought up to 10kW level, degree of suppression brings up to more than 60dB, within response time is reduced to 1ns, with effective protection of all kinds of sensitive electron information system radio-frequency front-end under realizing Electromagnetic pulse radiating field.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described, in accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of protection module embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of protection module embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of protection module embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the external structure of the elementary high power clipping module of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the internal structure of the elementary high power clipping module of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the partial sectional view of the elementary high power clipping module of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the present invention's single coaxial type protection diaphragm;
Fig. 8 is the circuit diagram of control module of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the circuit diagram that the present invention contains two detection comparator control modules;
Figure 10 is the structural representation of time delay module of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the structural representation of final stage low-power clipping module of the present invention;
Figure 12 is the scheme of installation of the single PIN diode of the present invention on circuit.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
The execution mode of protection module is divided into three kinds, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3.In Fig. 1, protection module inside only comprises elementary high power clipping module 101.When being subject to the Electromagnetic pulse radiating field damage threshold of protection object higher (being usually greater than 1000V/m), can adopt in this way.In Fig. 2, protection module inside comprises elementary high power clipping module 101, control module 102 and end low-power clipping module 103.When the Electromagnetic pulse radiating field damage threshold by protection object is in medium level (usually in the interval of 100V/m-1000V/m), can adopt in this way.In Fig. 3, protection module inside comprises elementary high power clipping module 101, control module 102, end low-power clipping module 103 and time delay module 104.When the Electromagnetic pulse radiating field damage threshold by protection object is in reduced levels (being usually less than 100V/m), can adopt in this way.
If protection module inside adopts the first constituted mode, namely only comprise elementary high power clipping module, so directional coupler does not need externally to provide signal, and the radio frequency out splice going splice of coupler is connected to matched load.If protection module inside adopts the second constituted mode, namely elementary high power clipping module, control module and final stage low-power clipping module is comprised, or adopt the third constituted mode, namely elementary high power clipping module, time delay module, control module and final stage low-power clipping module is comprised, so the radio frequency out splice going splice of directional coupler is connected to the input of control module by radio frequency coaxial-cable, thus coupler output signal is supplied to the detection comparator of control module inside.
(2) elementary high power clipping module execution mode
As shown in Figure 4, its basic profile is cylinder to the external structure of elementary high power clipping module, is truncated cone-shaped at two ends, to reach the object with radio-frequency joint matches impedances.The radio frequency out splice going splice of directional coupler shown in 201 in figure.
The internal structure of elementary high power clipping module as shown in Figure 5,3 layers of coaxial type protection diaphragm 301,302,303 are comprised shown in figure, comprise for reducing 6 circular magnetic loop 304,305,306,307,308 and 309 to normal working signal insertion loss, be the banded coupling line belonging to directional coupler shown in 310 simultaneously.Be familiar with one of skill in the art should know, in practical application, protect the quantity equal adjustable as required of diaphragm and circular magnetic loop.
The partial sectional view of elementary high power clipping module as shown in Figure 6.Being the coupling line being parallel to inner wire shown in 401 in figure, is the radio frequency out splice going splice of directional coupler shown in 402.
The structure of single coaxial type protection diaphragm as shown in Figure 7.Protection diaphragm, based on radio frequency pcb board, is dispersed with the radial protective device chain of i bar onboard, every bar chain comprises the protective device (i, j are integer, and i, j are all more than or equal to 1) of j series connection.In the selection of protective device, protective chain is dispersed with protective device, TVS diode or PIN diode etc. can be adopted to have the nonlinear passive element of pulse voltage inhibition.TVS diode has the response speed of voltage withstand class up to tens of kV and sub-ns usually, therefore can be installed on ground floor protection diaphragm; PIN diode has the response speed of lower On-resistance and ns level, therefore can be installed on the second layer or third layer diaphragm.
(2) control module execution mode
The internal circuit configuration of control module as shown in Figure 8.Being peak-detector circuit shown in 601 in figure, is comparison circuit shown in 602.In 601, include Schottky diode D1, filter capacitor C1 and C2, choke induction L1 and build-out resistor R1, its effect is the envelope extracting input radio frequency signal, forms vision signal, and is supplied to comparison circuit; In 602, include high-speed comparator U1 and U2 with nanosecond propagation delay and millivolt level response lag, timing element R4 and C3 and associated peripheral circuits element.Comparison circuit 602 has the function catching ns level fast transient signal.Its general principle is, when the video amplitude being input to U1 is greater than V
rEFtime, U1 exports high level drive singal.Output due to U1 is connected to the positive input of U2, and therefore U2 exports high level.Even if the vision signal of U1 input disappears after several ns, due to the positive feedback effect of comparator loop, U1 still continues to export high level.In this maintenance process, timing circuit is gradually to C3 charging, and when the voltage of C3 is equal with U2 positive input voltage, U2 output low level, therefore the output of U1 also become low level from high level, and timing process terminates.
If control module adopts the driving force possessed during single detection comparator not meet the demands, then can adopt multiple detection comparator, in synchronously driven mode for PIN diode provides bias current, as shown in Figure 9.
(3) time delay module execution mode
As shown in Figure 10, in figure, 801 is metal shells of module to the simplified structure of time delay module, and 802 is radio frequency delay lines of inside modules.For conserve space, delay line can adopt the bending placement of snake type planar structure.For the radio frequency cable that characteristic impedance is 50 Ω, every meter of time delay that can produce is about 4ns.In the application, according to the difference of final stage low-power clipping module response speed, required radio frequency delay line length is also different, but basic relation is radio frequency delay time should be not less than the response time delay of final stage low-power clipping module.
(4) final stage low-power clipping module execution mode
Final stage low-power clipping module structure as shown in figure 11.It comprises three ports, radio-frequency (RF) signal input end mouth 901, RF signal output mouth 902 and driving signal input mouth 903.904,905 and 906 is PIN diode, can adjust quantity as required in practical application.907 is microstrip lines, and 908 is capacitances of output.The mounting means of single PIN diode on circuit shown in Figure 12, the wherein bare chip of 1001 expression PIN diode, the inner face of cathode weld bottom final stage low-power clipping module metal shell, 1002 represent the bonding line connecting PIN diode anode and microstrip line.The diameter of bonding line only has tens of μm, and its inductance is nH level, therefore, it is possible to jointly form T-shaped low-pass filter circuit with the junction capacitance of diode, and the insertion loss introduced by PIN diode junction capacitance under contributing to reducing condition of small signal.1003 represent the microstrip line be printed on pcb board.The medium of 1004 expression pcb boards, the metal shell of 1005 expression clipping module.
Should be understood that, for those of ordinary skills, can be improved according to the above description or convert, and all these improve and convert the protection range that all should belong to claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a radio-frequency front-end Spark gap module, is characterized in that, comprises elementary high power clipping module, and described elementary high power clipping module comprises multilayer coaxial type protection diaphragm and directional coupler;
Every layer of protection diaphragm is by the protective chain composition that coaxial type printed circuit board and circuit board radially distribute around the center of circle, described protection diaphragm both sides are furnished with the circular magnetic loop be enclosed within coaxial inner conductor, described protective chain are dispersed with the nonlinear passive protective device suppressed for pulse voltage;
Described directional coupler is made up of the coupling line and the radio frequency out splice going splice be fixed on coaxial outer conductor being parallel to coaxial inner conductor.
2. radio-frequency front-end Spark gap module according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described radio-frequency front-end Spark gap module also comprises control module and final stage low-power clipping module, described control module comprises one or more detection comparator, and final stage low-power clipping module is formed primarily of PIN diode;
The input of described control module is connected with the output of directional coupler, and the output of control module is connected with final stage low-power clipping module.
3. radio-frequency front-end Spark gap module according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described radio-frequency front-end Spark gap module also comprises time delay module; Described control module is connected with final stage low-power clipping module by time delay module.
4. radio-frequency front-end Spark gap module according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described detection comparator is made up of peak-detector circuit and comparison circuit.
5. radio-frequency front-end Spark gap module according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, PIN diode in described final stage low-power clipping module adopts bare chip, the inner face of cathode weld bottom final stage low-power clipping module metal shell, two bonding lines of being drawn by anode are series between the microstrip line on circuit board.
6. radio-frequency front-end Spark gap module according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the number of plies of described elementary high power clipping module internal Protection diaphragm is less than or equal to 3 layers.
7. radio-frequency front-end Spark gap module according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the nonlinear passive protective device for pulse voltage suppression that described protective chain distributes is TVS diode or PIN diode.
8. radio-frequency front-end Spark gap module according to claim 7, is characterized in that, the protective device that described ground floor protection diaphragm protective chain adopts is TVS diode; It is PIN diode that the second layer and third layer protect the protective device that diaphragm protective chain adopts.
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| CN201510819235.8A CN105305972B (en) | 2015-11-20 | 2015-11-20 | Radio-frequency front-end electromagnetic pulse protection module |
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| CN201510819235.8A CN105305972B (en) | 2015-11-20 | 2015-11-20 | Radio-frequency front-end electromagnetic pulse protection module |
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Cited By (5)
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| CN106849972A (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-06-13 | 福建星海通信科技有限公司 | A kind of Spark gap device |
| WO2018126582A1 (en) * | 2017-01-07 | 2018-07-12 | 深圳市景程信息科技有限公司 | Electromagnetic pulse protection device having cylindrical structure |
| CN111565482A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-08-21 | 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 | Radio frequency front end integrated electromagnetic protection circuit |
| CN113438034A (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2021-09-24 | 深圳市速联技术有限公司 | Filtering type strong transient electromagnetic pulse protection structure |
| CN115458888A (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2022-12-09 | 中国船舶集团有限公司第七○八研究所 | Coaxial broadband high-power protection module |
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| CN104316795A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-01-28 | 中国舰船研究设计中心 | Radio frequency front end module electromagnetic pulse effect test system and method |
| CN104378906A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-02-25 | 中国科学院近代物理研究所 | High-power RF coupler |
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| US20120194270A1 (en) * | 2010-11-01 | 2012-08-02 | Empower RF Systems, Inc. | Broadband Linearization Module And Method |
| CN104316795A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-01-28 | 中国舰船研究设计中心 | Radio frequency front end module electromagnetic pulse effect test system and method |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2018126582A1 (en) * | 2017-01-07 | 2018-07-12 | 深圳市景程信息科技有限公司 | Electromagnetic pulse protection device having cylindrical structure |
| CN106849972A (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-06-13 | 福建星海通信科技有限公司 | A kind of Spark gap device |
| CN106849972B (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2019-05-28 | 福建星海通信科技有限公司 | A kind of Spark gap device |
| CN111565482A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-08-21 | 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 | Radio frequency front end integrated electromagnetic protection circuit |
| CN111565482B (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2021-06-01 | 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 | Radio frequency front end integrated electromagnetic protection circuit |
| CN113438034A (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2021-09-24 | 深圳市速联技术有限公司 | Filtering type strong transient electromagnetic pulse protection structure |
| CN113438034B (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2022-03-08 | 深圳市速联技术有限公司 | Filtering type strong transient electromagnetic pulse protection structure |
| CN115458888A (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2022-12-09 | 中国船舶集团有限公司第七○八研究所 | Coaxial broadband high-power protection module |
| CN115458888B (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2024-04-26 | 中国船舶集团有限公司第七○八研究所 | Coaxial broadband high-power protection module |
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