A kind of salient pole fluting permanent magnet array and linear electric motors
Technical field
The invention belongs to linear electric motors and drive field, be specifically related to a kind of salient pole fluting permanent magnet array and linear electric motors.
Background technology
Permanent-magnetism linear motor is widely used in all trades and professions.As linear electric motors magnetic suspension train, directly drive a lot of application such as elevator, linear electric motors automatic assembly line and occasion.Permanent-magnet linear motor has polytype.Plane, cylinder type (cast), camber four kinds can be divided into by structure.Non-salient pole type, salient pole type, mixed type etc. can be divided into by the arrangement of rotor permanent magnet, also can be divided into double-flanged end and single side type and compound three kinds by elementary arrangement.In existing non-salient pole type permanent-magnetism linear motor structure, secondary yoke portion is made up of the iron conjugated material of magnetic conduction, the direction of magnetization of permanent magnet is consistent with air-gap flux axis, it is little that interpolar leaks taste, technique is simple, but permanent magnet itself not only will bear thrust, also to bear the normal force of large 4 ~ 9 times of specific thrust, and, permanent magnet can be equivalent to the hollow coil of energising, therefore permanent magnet is for magnetic excitation circuit, air-gap can be regarded as, very large magnetic resistance can be produced and magnetic pressure is fallen, make excitation magnetic potential have a large portion to be depleted to permanent magnet equivalence air-gap to have suffered, cause power of motor density, exert oneself and efficiency reduction.For existing salient pole type structure, secondary yoke portion is made up of nonmagnetic substance, permanent magnet magnetization direction and air-gap flux axes normal, the thrust that motor produces and very large normal force are born primarily of noseiron pole, therefore permanent magnet itself does not stress substantially, mechanical strength is better than non-salient pole machine, but secondary yoke portion leakage field obviously increases, and permanent magnet utilance is low.Cause the power density of above-mentioned non-salient pole type and salient pole type permanent-magnetism linear motor, thrust/deadweight lower, cause motor volume large, manufacturing cost and use cost is high.Become the bottleneck problem of restriction linear electric motors engineer applied.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that existing linear electric motors power output is low, thrust/little from anharmonic ratio, energy index are low, volume is excessive, the engineer applied bottleneck problem of high cost, for solving the problem, adopt a kind of salient pole fluting permanent magnet array and linear electric motors.
For achieving the above object, by the following technical solutions:
A kind of salient pole fluting permanent magnet array, comprise the magnetic conduction noseiron pole of alternately attachment and longitudinal magnet, the magnetizing direction of adjacent longitudinal magnet is relative or deviate from, extremely on the surface of air gap, groove is had at magnetic conduction noseiron, be provided with normal direction magnet in groove, the surface polarity of normal direction magnet is consistent with noseiron pole surface polarity.
The shape of normal direction magnet is rectangle, isosceles trapezoid, triangle, " convex " font or semicircle, and flute profile and normal direction magnet are equipped with.
The cross sectional shape of magnetic conduction noseiron pole or longitudinal magnet be rectangle, isosceles trapezoid, triangle, " convex " font " in " font, " work " font or semicircle.
Apply a kind of salient pole fluting permanent magnet array single-sided linear motor, comprise monolateral elementary and monolateral secondary, monolateral elementary and monolateral secondary between there is air gap, it is characterized in that: monolateral secondary be salient pole slot permanent magnet array.
Non magnetic yoke portion is connected with away from monolateral elementary side at salient pole fluting permanent magnet array.
Apply the bilateral linear motor of a kind of salient pole fluting permanent magnet array, bilateral elementary and be arranged on bilateral elementary between bilateral secondary, it is characterized in that: described bilateral secondaryly comprise two salient poles fluting permanent magnet arrays arranged back-to-back.
The non magnetic yoke portion that in the middle of two salient pole fluting permanent magnet arrays, connection one is shared.
Adopt magnetic conduction connecting bridge to connect between two corresponding noseiron poles of salient pole fluting permanent magnet array, each connecting bridge is mutually disjointed, and is provided with at least one row magnet between arbitrary neighborhood two connecting bridges.
Extremely one deck connection thin slice is set on surface at noseiron, each noseiron pole is linked to be an entirety; Connecting thin slice is magnetic conduction thin slice, conductive foil or magnetic conduction conduction compound foil, or for being with the magnetic conduction teeth groove thin slice of some grooves, the embedded electric conductor of groove, each electric conductor lateral ends is connected by conduction short-circuited conducting sleeve.
The described noseiron pole on bilateral secondary every limit and/or the lateral ends of magnetic conduction connecting bridge by corresponding connecting plate be connected to each other integral form unified bilateral secondary.
Described magnet, normal direction magnet and longitudinal magnet are permanent magnet, superconducting magnet or electric excitation body.
The present invention, owing to being secondaryly provided with the magnetic conduction iron of embedded normal direction magnet and longitudinal magnet bilateral, making leakage field significantly reduce and eliminates even completely, under same volume and manufacturing cost, significantly can increase power of motor and exert oneself.Thus provide a kind of volume and cost can significantly reduce, power output can significantly increase, structure is simple, cost performance is high, be specially adapted to the salient pole fluting high-thrust permanent-magnet linear electric motors of air gaps, Long travel, high-power and high thrust application scenario.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is single-sided linear electric machine structure schematic diagram one;
Fig. 2 is single-sided linear electric machine structure schematic diagram two;
Fig. 3 is bilateral linear motor structural representation one;
Fig. 4 is bilateral linear motor structural representation two;
Fig. 5 is bilateral linear motor structural representation three;
Fig. 6 is bilateral linear motor structural representation four;
Fig. 7 is bilateral linear motor structural representation five;
Fig. 8 is bilateral linear motor structural representation six;
Fig. 9 is bilateral linear motor structural representation seven;
Figure 10 is bilateral linear motor structural representation eight;
Figure 11 is bilateral linear motor structural representation nine;
Figure 12 is bilateral salient pole fluting permanent magnet array structural representation;
Figure 13 is connecting board structure schematic diagram one;
Figure 14 is the bilateral salient pole permanent-magnetism linear motor schematic diagram one being provided with connecting plate;
Figure 15 is connecting board structure schematic diagram two;
Figure 16 is the bilateral salient pole permanent-magnetism linear motor schematic diagram two being provided with connecting plate.
Wherein: 1. elementary iron core; 2. armature winding; 3. noseiron pole; 4. connecting bridge; 5. longitudinal magnet; 6. magnet; 7. non magnetic yoke portion; 8. normal direction magnet.
Embodiment
As shown in Fig. 1-Figure 16, a kind of single-sided linear motor, comprise monolateral secondary, secondary corresponding monolateral elementary with monolateral, between primary and secondary, there is air gap, described is monolateral secondary by being with non magnetic yoke portion 7 or the fluting salient pole magnet array not with non magnetic yoke portion to form, described fluting salient pole magnet array offers the magnetic conduction noseiron pole 3 of at least one open slot by m surface, m embeds the normal direction magnet 8 in the open slot of noseiron pole, n the longitudinal magnet 5 magnetized along the direction of motion alternately mounts composition, distance between adjacent two noseiron pole 3 center lines is secondary pole span Ts, m is the number of poles of motor, n is the number of longitudinal magnet 5, be longitudinally the extremely surperficial tangential direction of noseiron or collateral motion direction, normal direction is noseiron pole 3 centerline direction or air gap direction, be laterally perpendicular to longitudinal direction, the direction of normal direction, the magnetizing direction of adjacent longitudinal magnet 5 is contrary, adjacent noseiron pole 3 forms N, the magnetic pole of S alternating polarity, normal direction magnet 8 surface polarity embedded in the open slot of noseiron pole 3 is identical with noseiron pole 3 surface polarity, monolateral secondary with corresponding monolateral elementary cooperation forms a kind of single-sided linear motor.Wherein, described normal direction magnet 8 shape is rectangle or trapezoidal or triangle or " convex " shape or arc of remaining silent, and open slot flute profile and normal direction magnet 8 are equipped with.
In Fig. 3, two are not arranged back-to-back with the monolateral secondary of non magnetic yoke portion 7, the non magnetic yoke portion 7 that in the middle of both, connection one is shared forms bilateral secondary together, the magnetic pole that surface, corresponding noseiron pole 3, described bilateral secondary both sides is formed is identical or contrary, and bilateral secondary with corresponding bilateral elementary cooperation constitutes a kind of bilateral linear motor.
Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Figure 6 shows that salient pole of the present invention fluting permanent magnetism bilateral linear motor structural representation three, described two are not arranged back-to-back with the monolateral secondary of non magnetic yoke portion 7, salient pole magnet array offers the magnetic conduction noseiron pole 3 of an open slot by surface, a normal direction magnet 8 is embedded in the open slot of noseiron pole 3, magnetic conduction connecting bridge 4 is adopted to be connected between corresponding noseiron pole 3, both sides, each connecting bridge 4 is mutually disjointed, arranging at least one group of magnet 6 longitudinally magnetized between arbitrary neighborhood two connecting bridges 4 forms bilateral secondary, the pole polarity that surface, corresponding noseiron pole 3, described bilateral secondary both sides is formed is identical, the magnetizing direction of each magnet 6 is consistent with the magnetizing direction of the corresponding longitudinal magnet 5 in both sides, bilateral secondary with corresponding bilateral elementary cooperation constitutes a kind of bilateral linear motor.Wherein, Fig. 4 arranges one group of magnet 6 structural representation longitudinally magnetized near center between arbitrary neighborhood two connecting bridges, in figure, and can be vacant or non magnetic yoke portion 7 is set between longitudinal magnet 5 corresponding to both sides of the magnet 6 between adjacent two connecting bridges 4; Fig. 5 is arbitrary neighborhood two connecting bridges 4, be all filled to the magnet 6 longitudinally magnetized between the longitudinal magnet 5 in both sides; Fig. 6 is the structural representation arranging the magnets 6 that two groups longitudinally magnetize between the longitudinal magnet 5 in arbitrary neighborhood two connecting bridges 4 and both sides, in Fig. 5, and can be vacant or non magnetic yoke portion 7 is set between two groups of magnets 6.
Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Figure 9 shows that bilateral linear motor structural representation, salient pole magnet array by surface offer two open slots or " convex " shape groove magnetic conduction noseiron pole 3, in the open slot of noseiron pole 3, embed two normal direction magnets 8.
Figure 12 is the unguyed fixed bilateral secondary three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of lateral ends (in figure extension); Figure 13 is secondary end connecting plate three-dimensional structure schematic diagram one, Figure 14 shows that the bilateral salient pole permanent-magnetism linear motor schematic diagram one being provided with connecting plate, the crossing out of each connecting bridge 4 of dispersed placement or noseiron or noseiron and connecting bridge 4 is held and is propped up connecting plate with the secondary end of corresponding side and be consolidated into an entirety, form the bilateral secondary of firm unification, bilateral secondary with corresponding bilateral elementary cooperation constitutes a kind of bilateral linear motor, as shown in Figure 13, Figure 14.
Bilaterally secondaryly can also take the various ways such as to be directly bolted monoblock end connecting plate with secondary lateral ends or to weld and fix, as shown in Figure 15, Figure 16, wherein, Figure 15 is secondary end connecting plate three-dimensional structure schematic diagram two, Figure 16 is the bilateral salient pole permanent-magnetism linear motor schematic diagram two being provided with connecting plate.
In above-described embodiment, described magnet 6, longitudinal magnet 5 and normal direction magnet 8 can adopt permanent magnet, or superconducting magnet, or electric excitation body, determine according to concrete needs.In general, the preferential strong magnetic permanent-magnet adopting NdFeB material to make.
In above-described embodiment, the connection thin slice (in being also wrapped in by magnet while of these thin slices) that one deck is arranged continuously is set on surface, noseiron pole 3, individual noseiron pole 3 is linked to be an entirety; Connecting thin slice is magnetic conduction thin slice, conductive foil or magnetic conduction conduction compound foil, or for being with the magnetic conduction teeth groove thin slice of some grooves, the embedded electric conductor of groove, each electric conductor lateral ends is connected by conduction short-circuited conducting sleeve.The structure of the teeth groove thin slice of these embedded electric conductors and operation principle are similar to common rotation squirrel cage induction motors mouse cage end short-circuited conducting sleeve, in starting process, these electric conductors are by induced potential, by these electric conductor short circuits, these induced potentials will produce short circuit current (starting current) in electric conductor, produce very large starting torque (power) and play the effect of self-starting motor, when stable state synchronous operation, these electric conductors are by inoperative, because the induced potential under synchronous speed is zero, asynchronous operation is just worked.And those magnetic conduction thin slice, conductive foil or magnetic conductions of the present invention conduction compound foil also plays similar effect, also often use in linear electric motors, only its starting power, starting torque are less, mainly play dynamic stability (preventing step-out) and certain protective action.
The electromagnetic equivalence air gap of non-salient pole type permanent-magnetism linear motor conventional is at present larger, for mechanical airgap (being generally 2 ~ 10mm) and permanent magnet magnetization height (magnetization is highly generally 5 ~ 20mm) sum, the electromagnetic equivalence air gap of salient pole type permanent-magnetism linear motor is relatively little, but secondary yoke portion leakage field is obviously comparatively large, all cause the power density of motor and exert oneself and efficiency lower.Motor of the present invention, structure belongs to permanent magnetism salient pole linear electric motors, owing to being provided with the noseiron pole of longitudinal magnet and embedded normal direction magnet, secondary yoke portion leakage field significantly reduces, under secondary middle part is all filled to longitudinal magnet 6 operating mode in middle part except connecting bridge 4, secondary yoke portion leakage field can be eliminated in theory completely.Therefore, adopt linear electric motors of the present invention, power density and thrust can significantly increase, and under same volume and manufacturing cost, significantly can increase power of motor and exert oneself, or equal-wattage and exerting oneself down, significantly can reduce the volume of motor, manufacture use cost.Thus solve the bottleneck problem restricting linear electric motors engineer applied for a long time.
Above-described embodiment, only for technical conceive of the present invention and feature are described, its object is to person skilled in the art can be understood content of the present invention and implement according to this, can not limit the scope of the invention with this.All equivalences done according to Spirit Essence of the present invention change or modify, and all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.