CN105303015A - Method and apparatus for optimizing soil ecotoxicity diagnosis result of contaminated site - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for optimizing soil ecotoxicity diagnosis result of contaminated site Download PDF

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CN105303015A
CN105303015A CN201410317943.7A CN201410317943A CN105303015A CN 105303015 A CN105303015 A CN 105303015A CN 201410317943 A CN201410317943 A CN 201410317943A CN 105303015 A CN105303015 A CN 105303015A
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test
toxicity
pollution
soil
soil ecology
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CN105303015B (en
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刘征涛
李霁
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Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences
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Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences
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Abstract

The present invention discloses a method and an apparatus for optimizing a soil ecotoxicity diagnosis result of a contaminated site. The method comprises: acquiring a soil ecotoxicity diagnosis result, and searching a mapping table of toxic effects versus contamination values to obtain a contamination value mapping a toxic effect corresponding to the soil ecotoxicity diagnosis result; acquiring an experiment classification of a diagnostic experiment according to a toxicity experiment classification table, and searching for a mapping table of experiment classifications versus experiment weight coefficients to obtain an experiment weight coefficient mapping the experiment classification; determining a detection indicator used by the diagnostic experiment, and searching a mapping relationship table of detection indicators versus indicator weights to obtain an indicator weight mapping the used detection indicator; and according to the obtained contamination value, the experiment weight coefficient and the indicator weight, acquiring a soil ecotoxicity comprehensive score, calculating a ratio of the soil ecotoxicity comprehensive score to an individual level score maximum, and determining a soil ecological harmfulness level of the contaminated site according to the ratio. The application of the method and apparatus provided by the present invention can effectively improve accuracy of assessment of a contaminated site.

Description

Optimize method and the device of contaminated site soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil ecology technology, particularly a kind of method and device optimizing contaminated site soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result.
Background technology
Soil pollution is one of worldwide environmental problem, and clean and the safe utilization of contaminated soil are vital tasks, and soil pollution diagnosis is one of them important step.Simple dependence chemical method carries out soil pollution diagnosis, the total quality characteristic of soil can not be characterized comprehensive, scientifically, there is following limitation: (1) cannot measure pollutant various in soil comprehensively, the poisonous effect of all genotoxic potential materials can not be identified, also cannot measure the combined pollution effect of pollutant; (2) only the poisonous effect of these pollutants to biology cannot be reacted with pollutant load; (3) be difficult to the concentration distinguishing polluter in different route of exposure (as interstitial water, soil air etc.), the effective toxicity of pollutant may be underestimated; (4) cannot follow the trail of the metabolism toxicity of pollutant.Therefore other method is needed to make this supplementary.With the method that chemical analysis and eco-toxicological indicator combine, can the more overall toxicity of the evaluation soil environment sample of science and environmental hazard.By selecting the responsive representative of Different Nutrition level in soil environment as the index to the actual toxicity diagnosis of pollutant, complete the test of serial ecotoxicological, the pollution toxicity diagnosis index system formed with this has vital role to soil pollution diagnosis.
At present, in order to obtain the detailed polluted information of contaminated site, to assess according to the pollution situation of polluted information to contaminated site obtained, general employing is comprehensive, the soil ecology toxicity of the diagnostic test of all standing to contaminated site is diagnosed, diagnostic test comprises: bio-toxicity diagnostic test and genetoxic diagnostic test, wherein
Bio-toxicity diagnostic test comprises: soil extract test and the test of actual soil original soil, and actual soil original soil test comprises again: short-term/acute toxicity test and long-term/chronic toxicity test.Wherein, soil extract test comprises hydrobiont test, short-term/acute toxicity test comprises plant short-term/acute toxicity test and geobiont (animal, microorganism) short-term/acute toxicity test, long-term/chronic toxicity test that long-term/chronic toxicity test comprises plant and soil animal long-term/chronic toxicity test.
Genetic toxicity test comprises: micronucleus test, mutagenicity test, DNA damage test etc.
In practical application, because soil ecosystem is a complicated system, different biological subjects is different on the impact of soil ecosystem, simultaneously, the susceptibility of the Testing index chosen to the concern pollutant in contaminated site is also different, make different biological subjects, carry out for different Testing index the soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result that diagnostic test obtains to differ greatly, and in prior art, general employing is chosen maximal value or is adopted the mode of equalization weights to obtain final soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result, as the foundation that the pollution situation of contaminated site is assessed, make the accuracy of assessment not high, the impact of Testing index being subject to biological subject and choosing, the actual pollution situation of contaminated site can not be reflected.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, fundamental purpose of the present invention is to propose a kind of method and the device of optimizing contaminated site soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result, promotes the accuracy of contaminated site assessment.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of method optimizing contaminated site soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result, the method comprises:
Gather the soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result directly obtained by diagnostic test, inquire about the poisonous effect and pollution evaluation mapping table that pre-set, obtain the pollution assignment that poisonous effect corresponding to this soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result maps;
According to the toxicity test sorted table pre-set, obtain the kind of test belonging to diagnostic test, inquire about the kind of test and test weight coefficient mapping table that pre-set, the test weight coefficient that the kind of test belonging to diagnostic test obtaining obtaining maps;
Determine the Testing index that diagnostic test adopts, inquire about the mapping relations table of Testing index and the index weights pre-set, obtain the index weights of the Testing index mapping that described diagnostic test adopts;
The pollution assignment of acquisition, test weight coefficient and index weights are applied to the soil ecology toxicity integrated integral formula pre-set, obtain soil ecology toxicity integrated integral;
Calculate the ratio of soil ecology toxicity integrated integral and individual level integration maximal value, and the soil ecology Severity level of ratio determination contaminated site according to calculating.
Preferably, described poisonous effect comprises with pollution evaluation mapping table:
If poisonous effect is greater than 80%, determine that the levels of contamination of soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result is severe contamination, arranging pollution assignment is 5;
If poisonous effect is greater than 50% and be less than or equal to 80%, determine that the levels of contamination of soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result is serious pollution, arranging pollution assignment is 4;
If poisonous effect is greater than 30% and be less than or equal to 50%, determine that the levels of contamination of soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result is intermediate pollution, arranging pollution assignment is 3;
If poisonous effect is greater than 15% and be less than or equal to 30%, determine that the levels of contamination of soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result is slight pollution, arranging pollution assignment is 2;
If poisonous effect is greater than 5% and be less than or equal to 15%, determine that the levels of contamination of soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result is potential pollution, arranging pollution assignment is 1;
If poisonous effect is less than or equal to 5%, determine that the levels of contamination of soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result is pollution-free, arranging pollution assignment is 0.
Preferably, described diagnostic test comprises: short-term/acute toxicity test and chronic/genetic toxicity test, and wherein, chronic/genetic toxicity test comprises: long-term/chronic toxicity test and genetic toxicity test.
Preferably, described short-term/acute toxicity test is categorized as: a class test and the test of two classes, described chronic/the corresponding three classes tests of genetic toxicity test, wherein,
For toxic endpoints, a class test comprises: lethal, germination percentage; Two class tests comprise: avoidance, luminous, enzyme suppression alive; Three class tests comprise: breeding, growth, gene mutation, chromosome aberration;
For Aquatic Toxicity Test, a class test comprises algal grown inhibition test; Two class tests comprise: photogen acute toxicity test and the acute motility inhibition test of Magna class;
For terrestrial organism toxicity test, a class test comprises: seed germination experiment, earthworm acute toxicity test; Two class tests comprise: terrestrial plant growth test, plant roots elongation test, plant physiology and biochemistry index determining, earthworm avlidance behavior test, earthworm Determination of Physiological And Biochemical Indices and microbial respiratory suppress; Three class tests comprise: vegetable active test, earthworm reproduction test, enchytrae reproduction test and snail young toxicity test;
For genetic toxicity test, three class tests comprise: Genotoxicity, Ames test and earthworm Using Comet Assay.
Preferably, described kind of test comprises with test weight coefficient mapping table:
The test weight coefficient that one class test maps is 1;
The test weight coefficient that two class tests map is 0.8;
The test weight coefficient that three class tests map is 0.5.
Preferably, following formula is utilized to calculate described soil ecology toxicity integrated integral:
M=A+B+C
In formula,
M is soil ecology toxicity integrated integral;
A is the integrated integral of soil extract toxicity test;
B is the integrated integral of terrestrial organism short-term/acute toxicity test;
C be terrestrial organism long-term/integrated integral of chronic toxicity test.
Preferably, wherein,
A = Σ i = 1 n 1 ( A i * F A i * P A i )
B = Σ j = 1 n 2 ( B j * F B j * P B j )
C = Σ k = 1 n 3 ( C k * F C k * P C k )
In formula,
N 1for the biological subject kind number in soil extract toxicity test;
A ifor in soil extract toxicity test, the pollution assignment that the poisonous effect of i-th kind of biological subject is corresponding;
for in soil extract toxicity test, the test weight coefficient of kind of test belonging to i-th kind of biological subject;
for in soil extract toxicity test, the index weights of the Testing index of i-th kind of biological subject employing;
N 2for the biological subject kind number in terrestrial organism short-term/acute toxicity test;
B jfor in terrestrial organism short-term/acute toxicity test, the pollution assignment that the poisonous effect of jth kind biological subject is corresponding;
for in terrestrial organism short-term/acute toxicity test, the test weight coefficient of kind of test belonging to jth kind biological subject;
for in terrestrial organism short-term/acute toxicity test, the index weights of the Testing index that jth kind biological subject adopts;
N 3for terrestrial organism long-term/chronic toxicity test in biological subject kind number;
C kfor terrestrial organism long-term/chronic toxicity test in, the pollution assignment that the poisonous effect of kth kind biological subject is corresponding;
for terrestrial organism long-term/chronic toxicity test in, the test weight coefficient of kind of test belonging to kth kind biological subject;
for terrestrial organism long-term/chronic toxicity test in, the index weights of the Testing index that kth kind biological subject adopts.
Preferably, following formula is utilized to calculate described individual level integration maximal value:
M max = Σ i = 1 n 1 ( A i max * F A i max * 0.6 ) + Σ j = 1 n 2 ( B j max * F B j max * 0.6 ) + Σ k = 1 n 3 ( C k max * F C k max * 0.6 )
In formula,
A imaxfor in soil extract toxicity test, the greatest contamination assignment that the poisonous effect of i-th kind of biological subject is corresponding;
for in soil extract toxicity test, the ceiling effect factor of i-th kind of biological subject;
B jmaxfor in terrestrial organism short-term/acute toxicity test, the greatest contamination assignment that the poisonous effect of jth kind biological subject is corresponding;
for in terrestrial organism short-term/acute toxicity test, the ceiling effect factor of jth kind biological subject;
C kmaxfor terrestrial organism long-term/chronic toxicity test in, the greatest contamination assignment that the poisonous effect of kth kind biological subject is corresponding;
for terrestrial organism long-term/chronic toxicity test in, the ceiling effect factor of kth kind biological subject;
0.6 index weights for testing when Testing index is individual level.
Preferably, following formula is utilized to determine describedly to determine soil ecology Severity level:
R = M M max
In formula,
R is tested soil ecology harmfulness score value;
If R >=0.8, it is high harm level;
If 0.5≤R < 0.8, it is height harm level;
If 0.3≤R < 0.5, it is middle harm level;
If R < 0.3, it is less harmful level.
Present invention also offers a kind of device optimizing contaminated site soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result, this device comprises:
Pollute assignment acquisition module, for gathering the soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result directly obtained by diagnostic test, inquire about the poisonous effect and pollution evaluation mapping table that pre-set, obtain the pollution assignment that poisonous effect corresponding to this soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result maps;
Test weight coefficient acquisition module, for the toxicity test sorted table that basis pre-sets, obtain the kind of test belonging to diagnostic test, inquire about the kind of test and test weight coefficient mapping table that pre-set, the test weight coefficient that the kind of test belonging to diagnostic test obtaining obtaining maps, described toxicity test sorted table is classified based on toxic endpoints susceptibility;
Index weights acquisition module, for determining the Testing index that diagnostic test adopts, inquires about the mapping relations table of Testing index and the index weights pre-set, and obtains the index weights of the Testing index mapping that described diagnostic test adopts;
Soil ecology toxicity integrated integral computing module, for the pollution assignment of acquisition, test weight coefficient and index weights are applied to the soil ecology toxicity integrated integral formula pre-set, obtains soil ecology toxicity integrated integral;
Severity level evaluation module, for calculating the ratio of soil ecology toxicity integrated integral and individual level integration maximal value, and according to the soil ecology Severity level of ratio determination contaminated site calculated.
As seen from the above technical solutions, a kind of method and device optimizing contaminated site soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result provided by the invention, the poisonous effect being respectively soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result corresponding arranges pollution assignment, kind of test belonging to diagnostic test is arranged tests weight coefficient accordingly, and corresponding index weights is set for each Testing index, the pollution assignment that the soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result obtained based on each test is corresponding, test weight coefficient and index weights calculate soil ecology toxicity integrated integral, according to individual level integration maximal value, the assessment of soil ecology Severity level is carried out to the soil ecology toxicity integrated integral calculated, make the accuracy of assessment high, the impact of Testing index not being subject to indivedual biological subject and choosing, the actual pollution situation of contaminated site can be reflected.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the method flow schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention optimizes contaminated site soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result.
Fig. 2 is the apparatus structure schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention optimizes contaminated site soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly, the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments.
The method of existing acquisition contaminated site soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result, general employing is from each soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result obtained, choose maximal value, or, adopt the mode of equalization weights to obtain final soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result, the foundation that the pollution situation as contaminated site is assessed to each soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result, make the accuracy of assessment not high, the impact of Testing index being subject to biological subject and choosing, can not reflect the actual pollution situation of contaminated site.
Based on the mensuration of polluter toxicity, accurate evaluation is carried out to soil pollution, and how to carry out the testing soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result obtained based on biological subjects different in diagnostic test and different Testing index and carry out reliable assessment, be the important step of Soil Pollution Control.
Soil ecotoxicology is a branch in ecological toxicology subject system, be the frontier branch of science that ecological toxicology and modern books intersect to form mutually, be intended to study the various poisonous and harmful factor (polluter) to the detrimental effect of non-human organism in ecological environment of soil and mechanism thereof.Concrete research contents is poisonous and harmful factor in soil ecosystem mainly, such as, toxic compounds is to animal, plant and the microorganism detrimental effect at different life levels such as molecule, cell, organ, individuality, population and groups, thus in announcement soil ecosystem poisonous and harmful factor on the impact of the ecosystem, thus for contaminated site administer scientific basis is provided.Wherein, in soil pollution ecotoxicological (toxicity) diagnostic techniques set soil, the biological overall poisonous effect to chemicals of different food chain, can provide the full detail of soil pollution.Thus, in the research of soil ecotoxicology, all be unable to do without the support of eco-toxicity diagnostic method or technology.
In the embodiment of the present invention, based on the susceptibility of biological subject to diagnostic test, toxic endpoints and Testing index, corresponding pollution assignment is arranged to the soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result obtained, simultaneously, classify for each test in diagnostic test, test for classification arranges test weight coefficient (effector), show the influence degree of this class test to the pollution assignment obtained, and, comprehensive assessment is carried out to the Testing index in class test, the weight that each Testing index is corresponding is set.Like this, the pollution assignment that the equivalent soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result of a certain biological subject is not only corresponding to the soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result that this biological subject directly obtains is relevant, also relevant to the Testing index of the class test adopted and employing, by being weighted the equivalent soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result of each biological subject, thus obtain soil ecology toxicity integrated integral, as the foundation that the pollution situation of contaminated site is assessed, owing to having considered the impact of concrete diagnostic method that contaminated site adopts and concrete biological subject, make the accuracy of assessment high, the impact of Testing index not being subject to single biological subject and choosing, and accurately can reflect the actual pollution situation of contaminated site.
Fig. 1 is the method flow schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention optimizes contaminated site soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result.See Fig. 1, the method comprises:
Step 101, gathers the soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result directly obtained by diagnostic test, inquires about the poisonous effect and pollution evaluation mapping table that pre-set, obtains the pollution assignment that poisonous effect corresponding to this soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result maps;
In this step, directly obtain soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result about by diagnostic test, be known technology, omit detailed description at this.
In practical application, due to (test group) directly obtain soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result by diagnostic test time, be also provided with the diagnostic test of corresponding control group.Thus, in the embodiment of the present invention, consider that the soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result of test group is carried out significant difference with the soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result of control group to be compared, obtain characterizing the poisonous effect that diagnostic result exists significant difference degree, thus each soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result directly obtained by diagnostic test is characterized with poisonous effect.Like this, because poisonous effect obtains by comparing with the significant difference of control group, the pollution level of contaminated site can more accurately be reflected.
In the embodiment of the present invention, consider that the responding range of each toxicity test is not identical.Specifically, namely can be strongly inhibited under the toxicity test that the index (toxic endpoints susceptibility) of rdativery sensitive is polluted at low concentration, thus lose the responding ability to the toxicity test that higher concentration pollutes; And the index of relative insensitivity may not produce response to the toxicity test of low concentration pollution, make the soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result difference of different indexs to the toxicity test that same concentration pollutes larger, or, identical index is comparatively large to the soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result difference of the toxicity test that variable concentrations pollutes, thus affects the accuracy of soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result.Thus, consider that the poisonous effect corresponding to different toxicity test carries out classification assignment, to embody the impact on soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the poisonous effect (with control group compared with the biological negative effect that endangered) corresponding to soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result carries out the pollution assignment of classification.Preferably, " the Pyatyi the five-grade marking system " point system is carried out.Wherein,
According to the negative effect degree (poisonous effect) endangered biological compared with control group, soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result is categorized as: severe contamination, serious pollution, intermediate pollution, slight pollution, potential pollution and pollution-free, wherein,
If poisonous effect is greater than 80%, determine that the levels of contamination of soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result is severe contamination, arranging pollution assignment is 5;
If poisonous effect is greater than 50% and be less than or equal to 80%, determine that the levels of contamination of soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result is serious pollution, arranging pollution assignment is 4;
If poisonous effect is greater than 30% and be less than or equal to 50%, determine that the levels of contamination of soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result is intermediate pollution, arranging pollution assignment is 3;
If poisonous effect is greater than 15% and be less than or equal to 30%, determine that the levels of contamination of soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result is slight pollution, arranging pollution assignment is 2;
If poisonous effect is greater than 5% and be less than or equal to 15%, determine that the levels of contamination of soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result is potential pollution, arranging pollution assignment is 1;
If poisonous effect is less than or equal to 5%, determine that the levels of contamination of soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result is pollution-free, arranging pollution assignment is 0.
It should be noted that the division of levels of contamination and pollute the setting of assignment, can also arrange according to actual needs, such as, according to actual needs, levels of contamination can be set to 3 grades, also can be set to 8 grades etc.Concrete restriction is not done in the setting of the embodiment of the present invention to the division of levels of contamination and pollution assignment.
Table 1 is poisonous effect and pollute evaluation mapping table, and namely assignment table is polluted in poisonous effect classification, comprises poisonous effect and levels of contamination and pollutes the mapping relations of assignment.
Table 1
In table 1, poisonous effect all refers to the biological negative effect endangered, and wherein, poisonous effect≤5% represents that the biological effect endangered at contaminated site is remarkable, and thus, arranging pollution assignment is 0.
It should be noted that, for same contaminated site, the soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result directly obtained by diagnostic test has multiple, such as, the difference of different biological subject, different Testing index and employing is specifically tested, can obtain multiple soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result, each soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result is to the pollution assignment that a poisonous effect should be had to map.
Step 102, according to the toxicity test sorted table pre-set, obtain the kind of test belonging to diagnostic test, inquire about the kind of test and test weight coefficient mapping table that pre-set, the test weight coefficient that the kind of test belonging to diagnostic test obtaining obtaining maps, described toxicity test sorted table is classified based on toxic endpoints susceptibility;
In this step, as previously mentioned, toxicity test (diagnostic test) comprising: short-term/acute toxicity test and chronic/genetic toxicity test, and wherein, chronic/genetic toxicity test comprises: long-term/chronic toxicity test and genetic toxicity test.
In the embodiment of the present invention, based on the difference of toxic endpoints susceptibility, each test comprised by toxicity test is classified, and is divided into a class test, two class tests and the test of three classes.
In the embodiment of the present invention, short-term/acute toxicity test is categorized as: a class test and the test of two classes, the corresponding three class tests of chronic/genetic toxicity test.Wherein,
For toxic endpoints, a class test comprises: lethal, germination percentage etc.; Two class tests comprise: avoidance, luminescence, enzyme are lived and suppressed; Three class tests comprise: breeding, growth, gene mutation, chromosome aberration etc.;
For Aquatic Toxicity Test, a class test comprises algal grown inhibition test; Two class tests comprise: photogen acute toxicity test and the acute motility inhibition test of Magna class; That is, when adopting a class test, Aquatic Toxicity Test carries out algal grown inhibition test, and adopts lethal and germination percentage as the toxic endpoints of test.
For terrestrial organism toxicity test, a class test comprises: seed germination experiment, earthworm acute toxicity test; Two class tests comprise: terrestrial plant growth test, plant roots elongation test, plant physiology and biochemistry index determining, earthworm avlidance behavior test, earthworm Determination of Physiological And Biochemical Indices and microbial respiratory suppress; Three class tests comprise: vegetable active test, earthworm reproduction test, enchytrae reproduction test and snail young toxicity test;
For genetic toxicity test, three class tests comprise: Genotoxicity, Ames test and earthworm Using Comet Assay.
In the embodiment of the present invention, for same tested species, generally, the susceptibility of test terminal is sequentially: breeding, growth and heredity test terminal > behavior, enzyme are lived, and test terminal > is lethal, germination percentage terminal, and each class is tested (a class test, two classes tests and the test of three classes), and corresponding toxotest terminal sensitivity range does not have concrete numerical value.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the susceptibility difference according to the toxotest terminal of biological subject divides, and for same biological subject, breeding, growth and various genetoxic terminal are more responsive, testing experiment corresponding for this type of terminal is set to three classes tests; Behavior, luminescence, enzyme live to suppress etc. test terminal generally than lethal, germination percentage is responsive, the testing experiment that the non-lethal terminal such as suppressions of behavior, luminescence, enzyme being lived is corresponding is set to two classes and tests; Germination percentage, testing experiment that lethal terminal is corresponding are set to three classes tests.Such as, take earthworm as biological subject, for the test of individual level, earthworm acute toxicity test is a class test, earthworm avlidance behavior test is two class tests, and the chronic toxicities such as earthworm breeding, growth test and earthworm Using Comet Assay and genetic toxicity test are three class tests.
Table 2 is the toxicity test sorted table of the embodiment of the present invention.In the embodiment of the present invention, a class test and the test of two classes are all short-term/acute toxicity tests.
Table 2
In the embodiment of the present invention, because the toxic endpoints sensitivity differences of different biological subjects is comparatively large, and the soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result that inhomogeneous test obtains differs greatly.Consider the impact of inhomogeneous test on soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result, the test weight coefficient of different classes of test correspondence is set, to reflect the pollution level of contaminated site.
Table 3 is the test weight coefficient list of the inhomogeneous test correspondence of the embodiment of the present invention, i.e. kind of test and test weight coefficient mapping table.
Table 3
It should be noted that the setting of the test weight coefficient (effector) that kind of test is corresponding, can also be set to other value according to actual needs, the embodiment of the present invention does not do concrete restriction to this.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as embodiment, when same biological subject has carried out a class test and the test of two classes simultaneously, if contradiction appears in the soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result of two groups of tests, be as the criterion with the soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result of weighting (product of the soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result directly obtained and corresponding test weight coefficient) mxm..For example, to a certain contaminated site, same biological subject adopts a class test and the test of two classes to diagnose soil ecology toxicity respectively, if adopt two class tests to carry out the diagnosis of soil ecology toxicity, the poisonous effect that the soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result obtained is corresponding is > 50%, then according to table 1, the corresponding serious pollution of poisonous effect > 50%, assignment is 4, according to table 3, the test weight coefficient (effector) that two stage assay is corresponding is 0.8, then the soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result of this two class test weighting is: 4 are multiplied (3.2) with 0.8, and adopt a class test to carry out the diagnosis of soil ecology toxicity, the poisonous effect obtained is > 30%, then according to table 1, the corresponding intermediate pollution of poisonous effect > 30%, assignment is 3, according to table 3, the test weight coefficient (effector) that Primary Assay is corresponding is 1, then this class is tested final soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result and is: 3 are multiplied (3) with 1.Choose the soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result mxm. of weighting, the mxm. soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result obtained is 3.2.
Again such as, take earthworm as biological subject, earthworm acute toxicity test (lethal effect) and earthworm avlidance behavior test are carried out respectively, according to table 2, earthworm acute toxicity test belongs to a class test, and earthworm avlidance behavior test belongs to two class tests, supposes that the poisonous effect of earthworm acute experiment is > 15%, then according to table 1 and table 3, the final soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result of this earthworm acute experiment is 2*1=2; Suppose that the poisonous effect that earthworm avlidance behavior is tested is > 50%, then according to table 1 and table 3, it is 4*0.8=3.2 that final soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result is tested in this earthworm avlidance behavior, choose the soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result mxm. of weighting, the mxm. soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result obtained is 3.2.
As another embodiment, in the embodiment of the present invention, when same poisonous effect terminal have employed multiple species carried out test time, adopt the test result of most sensitive species.
In the embodiment of the present invention, because the responding range of each eco-toxicity diagnostic test is different, for farthest reducing experimentation cost, complete with minimum test and the eco-toxicity of soil is diagnosed, level priority can also be set to toxicity test, namely the soil ecology toxicity of contaminated site is diagnosed, by different level effectively to reduce test number (TN).Specifically, hydrobiont test level priority is the highest, and short-term/acute toxicity test level priority is taken second place, and long-term/chronic toxicity test level priority third, genetic toxicity test level priority is minimum, and sequentially tests according to level priority height.
Step 103, determines the Testing index that diagnostic test adopts, and inquires about the mapping relations table of Testing index and the index weights pre-set, and obtains the index weights of the Testing index mapping that described diagnostic test adopts;
In this step, research shows, when after pollutant emission to environment, by the biology in influence ecological environment in different levels.Pollutant, under low dosage exposes for a long time or high dose exposes, first will be embodied on the Testing index such as molecule, biological cells and tissues organ level the impact of the ecosystem, after being accumulated to certain level, progressively propagate into the high-level stage.From ecological correlativity and operability, the research of individual level is all in a more medium position, and therefore, the eco-toxicity diagnostic criteria method that various countries are recommended is all based on the toxicity test in bion level substantially.
In the embodiment of the present invention, according to the height with ecological correlativity, give different weighted values, in table 4 by the toxic endpoints (Testing index) of varying level.
Table 4
In table 4, the toxic endpoints (Testing index) of varying level, gives and has different index weightses.That is, for the toxic endpoints of each class test in table 2, all comprise five kinds of Testing index in table 4, often kind of corresponding index weights of Testing index.
Step 101, step 102 and the step 103 of it should be noted that does not have dividing of sequencing, and step 103 can perform before step 101, also can perform before step 102; Similarly, step 101 can perform after step 102, also can perform after step 103; Step 102 can perform before step 101, also can perform after step 103.
Step 104, is applied to the pollution assignment of acquisition, test weight coefficient and index weights the soil ecology toxicity integrated integral formula pre-set, obtains soil ecology toxicity integrated integral;
In this step, each test is to having a pollution assignment, test weight coefficient and an index weights.The all tests carried out by contaminated site are carried out comprehensively, obtaining soil ecology toxicity integrated integral.
In the embodiment of the present invention, soil ecology toxicity integrated integral adopts weighted sum method to calculate.Specific formula for calculation is as follows:
M=A+B+C
A = &Sigma; i = 1 n 1 ( A i * F A i * P A i )
B = &Sigma; j = 1 n 2 ( B j * F B j * P B j )
C = &Sigma; k = 1 n 3 ( C k * F C k * P C k )
In formula,
M is soil ecology toxicity integrated integral;
A is the integrated integral of soil extract toxicity test;
N 1for the biological subject kind number in soil extract toxicity test;
A ifor in soil extract toxicity test, the pollution assignment that the poisonous effect of i-th kind of biological subject is corresponding, the pollution assignment that namely the soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result that directly obtained by diagnostic test of i-th kind of biological subject is corresponding;
for in soil extract toxicity test, the test weight coefficient (effector) of kind of test belonging to i-th kind of biological subject;
for in soil extract toxicity test, the index weights of the Testing index of i-th kind of biological subject employing;
B is the integrated integral of terrestrial organism short-term/acute toxicity test;
N 2for the biological subject kind number in terrestrial organism short-term/acute toxicity test;
B jfor in terrestrial organism short-term/acute toxicity test, the pollution assignment that the poisonous effect of jth kind biological subject is corresponding;
for in terrestrial organism short-term/acute toxicity test, the test weight coefficient (effector) of kind of test belonging to jth kind biological subject;
for in terrestrial organism short-term/acute toxicity test, the index weights of the Testing index that jth kind biological subject adopts;
C be terrestrial organism long-term/integrated integral of chronic toxicity test;
N 3for terrestrial organism long-term/chronic toxicity test in biological subject kind number;
C kfor terrestrial organism long-term/chronic toxicity test in, the pollution assignment that the poisonous effect of kth kind biological subject is corresponding;
for terrestrial organism long-term/chronic toxicity test in, the test weight coefficient (effector) of kind of test belonging to kth kind biological subject;
for terrestrial organism long-term/chronic toxicity test in, the index weights of the Testing index that kth kind biological subject adopts.
Step 105, calculates the ratio of soil ecology toxicity integrated integral and individual level integration maximal value, and the soil ecology Severity level of ratio determination contaminated site according to calculating.
In this step, according to soil ecology toxicity integrated integral (M) and individual level integration maximal value (M max) ratio (R) determine soil ecology Severity level.That is:
R = M M max
In formula,
R is tested soil ecology harmfulness score value;
M maxfor individual level integration maximal value, it is the soil ecology toxicity integrated integral maximal value respectively tested when index weights gets 0.6.
In the embodiment of the present invention, individual level integration maximum value calculation formula is as follows:
M max = &Sigma; i = 1 n 1 ( A i max * F A i max * 0.6 ) + &Sigma; j = 1 n 2 ( B j max * F B j max * 0.6 ) + &Sigma; k = 1 n 3 ( C k max * F C k max * 0.6 )
In formula,
A imaxfor in soil extract toxicity test, the greatest contamination assignment that the poisonous effect of i-th kind of biological subject is corresponding; In the embodiment of the present invention, polluting assignment value is 5;
for in soil extract toxicity test, the ceiling effect factor of i-th kind of biological subject; Value is 1.
B jmaxfor in terrestrial organism short-term/acute toxicity test, the greatest contamination assignment that the poisonous effect of jth kind biological subject is corresponding, polluting value is 5;
for in terrestrial organism short-term/acute toxicity test, the ceiling effect factor of jth kind biological subject, value is 1;
C kmaxfor terrestrial organism long-term/chronic toxicity test in, the greatest contamination assignment that the poisonous effect of the 7th kind of biological subject is corresponding, value is 5;
for terrestrial organism long-term/chronic toxicity test in, the ceiling effect factor of kth kind biological subject, value is 1;
0.6 index weights for testing when Testing index is individual level.
In the embodiment of the present invention, soil ecology Severity level is divided into 4 grades, is respectively: high harm level, high harm level, middle harm level and less harmful level, wherein,
R >=0.8 is high harm level;
0.5≤R < 0.8 is height harm level;
0.3≤R < 0.5 is middle harm level;
R < 0.3 is less harmful level.
From above-mentioned, the method of the optimization contaminated site soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result of the embodiment of the present invention, by considering each influence factor in contaminated site diagnostic test, the poisonous effect being respectively soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result corresponding arranges pollution assignment, kind of test belonging to diagnostic test is arranged tests weight coefficient accordingly, and corresponding index weights is set for each Testing index, the pollution assignment that the soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result obtained based on each test is corresponding, test weight coefficient and index weights calculate soil ecology toxicity integrated integral, according to individual level integration maximal value, the assessment of soil ecology Severity level is carried out to the soil ecology toxicity integrated integral calculated, make the accuracy of assessment high, the impact of Testing index not being subject to indivedual biological subject and choosing, the actual pollution situation of contaminated site can be reflected.
Fig. 2 is the apparatus structure schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention optimizes contaminated site soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result.See Fig. 2, this device comprises: pollute assignment acquisition module, test weight coefficient acquisition module, index weights acquisition module, soil ecology toxicity integrated integral computing module and Severity level evaluation module, wherein,
Pollute assignment acquisition module, for gathering the soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result directly obtained by diagnostic test, inquire about the poisonous effect and pollution evaluation mapping table that pre-set, obtain the pollution assignment that poisonous effect corresponding to this soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result maps;
In the embodiment of the present invention, poisonous effect comprises with pollution evaluation mapping table:
If poisonous effect is greater than 80%, determine that the levels of contamination of soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result is severe contamination, arranging pollution assignment is 5;
If poisonous effect is greater than 50% and be less than or equal to 80%, determine that the levels of contamination of soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result is serious pollution, arranging pollution assignment is 4;
If poisonous effect is greater than 30% and be less than or equal to 50%, determine that the levels of contamination of soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result is intermediate pollution, arranging pollution assignment is 3;
If poisonous effect is greater than 15% and be less than or equal to 30%, determine that the levels of contamination of soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result is slight pollution, arranging pollution assignment is 2;
If poisonous effect is greater than 5% and be less than or equal to 15%, determine that the levels of contamination of soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result is potential pollution, arranging pollution assignment is 1;
If poisonous effect is less than or equal to 5%, determine that the levels of contamination of soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result is pollution-free, arranging pollution assignment is 0.
Test weight coefficient acquisition module, for the toxicity test sorted table that basis pre-sets, obtain the kind of test belonging to diagnostic test, inquire about the kind of test and test weight coefficient mapping table that pre-set, the test weight coefficient that the kind of test belonging to diagnostic test obtaining obtaining maps, described toxicity test sorted table is classified based on toxic endpoints susceptibility;
In the embodiment of the present invention, toxicity test sorted table comprises:
Short-term/acute toxicity test is categorized as: a class test and the test of two classes, the corresponding three class tests of chronic/genetic toxicity test, wherein,
For toxic endpoints, a class test comprises: lethal, germination percentage etc.; Two class tests comprise: avoidance, luminescence, enzyme are lived and suppressed; Three class tests comprise: breeding, growth, gene mutation, chromosome aberration etc.;
For Aquatic Toxicity Test, a class test comprises algal grown inhibition test; Two class tests comprise: photogen acute toxicity test and the acute motility inhibition test of Magna class;
For terrestrial organism toxicity test, a class test comprises: seed germination experiment, earthworm acute toxicity test; Two class tests comprise: terrestrial plant growth test, plant roots elongation test, plant physiology and biochemistry index determining, earthworm avlidance behavior test, earthworm Determination of Physiological And Biochemical Indices and microbial respiratory suppress; Three class tests comprise: vegetable active test, earthworm reproduction test, enchytrae reproduction test and snail young toxicity test;
For genetic toxicity test, three class tests comprise: Genotoxicity, Ames test and earthworm Using Comet Assay.
Kind of test comprises with test weight coefficient mapping table:
The test weight coefficient that one class test maps is 1;
The test weight coefficient that two class tests map is 0.8;
The test weight coefficient that three class tests map is 0.5.
Index weights acquisition module, for determining the Testing index that diagnostic test adopts, inquires about the mapping relations table of Testing index and the index weights pre-set, and obtains the index weights of the Testing index mapping that described diagnostic test adopts;
In the embodiment of the present invention, the mapping relations table of Testing index and index weights comprises:
Testing index is molecule/cellular level, and the index weights of mapping is 0.2;
Testing index is tissue/organ level, and the index weights of mapping is 0.3;
Testing index is individual level, and the index weights of mapping is 0.6;
Testing index is population/community level, and the index weights of mapping is 0.8;
Testing index is the ecosystem/landscape level, and the index weights of mapping is 1.
Soil ecology toxicity integrated integral computing module, for the pollution assignment of acquisition, test weight coefficient and index weights are applied to the soil ecology toxicity integrated integral formula pre-set, obtains soil ecology toxicity integrated integral;
In the embodiment of the present invention, soil ecology toxicity integrated integral adopts weighted sum method to calculate.Specific formula for calculation is as follows:
M=A+B+C
A = &Sigma; i = 1 n 1 ( A i * F A i * P A i )
B = &Sigma; j = 1 n 2 ( B j * F B j * P B j )
C = &Sigma; k = 1 n 3 ( C k * F C k * P C k ) .
Severity level evaluation module, for calculating the ratio of soil ecology toxicity integrated integral and individual level integration maximal value, and according to the soil ecology Severity level of ratio determination contaminated site calculated.
In the embodiment of the present invention, according to soil ecology toxicity integrated integral (M) and individual level integration maximal value (M max) ratio (R) determine soil ecology Severity level.That is:
R = M M max .
Individual level integration maximum value calculation formula is as follows:
M max = &Sigma; i = 1 n 1 ( A i max * F A i max * 0.6 ) + &Sigma; j = 1 n 2 ( B j max * F B j max * 0.6 ) + &Sigma; k = 1 n 3 ( C k max * F C k max * 0.6 ) .
In the embodiment of the present invention, soil ecology Severity level is divided into 4 grades, is respectively: high harm level, high harm level, middle harm level and less harmful level, wherein,
R >=0.8 is high harm level;
0.5≤R < 0.8 is height harm level;
0.3≤R < 0.5 is middle harm level;
R < 0.3 is less harmful level.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not intended to limit protection scope of the present invention.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. optimize a method for contaminated site soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result, the method comprises:
Gather the soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result directly obtained by diagnostic test, inquire about the poisonous effect and pollution evaluation mapping table that pre-set, obtain the pollution assignment that poisonous effect corresponding to this soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result maps;
According to the toxicity test sorted table pre-set, obtain the kind of test belonging to diagnostic test, inquire about the kind of test and test weight coefficient mapping table that pre-set, the test weight coefficient that the kind of test belonging to diagnostic test obtaining obtaining maps;
Determine the Testing index that diagnostic test adopts, inquire about the mapping relations table of Testing index and the index weights pre-set, obtain the index weights of the Testing index mapping that described diagnostic test adopts;
The pollution assignment of acquisition, test weight coefficient and index weights are applied to the soil ecology toxicity integrated integral formula pre-set, obtain soil ecology toxicity integrated integral;
Calculate the ratio of soil ecology toxicity integrated integral and individual level integration maximal value, and the soil ecology Severity level of ratio determination contaminated site according to calculating.
2. the method for claim 1, described poisonous effect comprises with pollution evaluation mapping table:
If poisonous effect is greater than 80%, determine that the levels of contamination of soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result is severe contamination, arranging pollution assignment is 5;
If poisonous effect is greater than 50% and be less than or equal to 80%, determine that the levels of contamination of soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result is serious pollution, arranging pollution assignment is 4;
If poisonous effect is greater than 30% and be less than or equal to 50%, determine that the levels of contamination of soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result is intermediate pollution, arranging pollution assignment is 3;
If poisonous effect is greater than 15% and be less than or equal to 30%, determine that the levels of contamination of soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result is slight pollution, arranging pollution assignment is 2;
If poisonous effect is greater than 5% and be less than or equal to 15%, determine that the levels of contamination of soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result is potential pollution, arranging pollution assignment is 1;
If poisonous effect is less than or equal to 5%, determine that the levels of contamination of soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result is pollution-free, arranging pollution assignment is 0.
3. the method for claim 1, described diagnostic test comprises: short-term/acute toxicity test and chronic/genetic toxicity test, and wherein, chronic/genetic toxicity test comprises: long-term/chronic toxicity test and genetic toxicity test.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, described short-term/acute toxicity test is categorized as: a class test and the test of two classes, described chronic/the corresponding three classes tests of genetic toxicity test, wherein,
For toxic endpoints, a class test comprises: lethal, germination percentage; Two class tests comprise: avoidance, luminous, enzyme suppression alive; Three class tests comprise: breeding, growth, gene mutation, chromosome aberration;
For Aquatic Toxicity Test, a class test comprises algal grown inhibition test; Two class tests comprise: photogen acute toxicity test and the acute motility inhibition test of Magna class;
For terrestrial organism toxicity test, a class test comprises: seed germination experiment, earthworm acute toxicity test; Two class tests comprise: terrestrial plant growth test, plant roots elongation test, plant physiology and biochemistry index determining, earthworm avlidance behavior test, earthworm Determination of Physiological And Biochemical Indices and microbial respiratory suppress; Three class tests comprise: vegetable active test, earthworm reproduction test, enchytrae reproduction test and snail young toxicity test;
For genetic toxicity test, three class tests comprise: Genotoxicity, Ames test and earthworm Using Comet Assay.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, described kind of test comprises with test weight coefficient mapping table:
The test weight coefficient that one class test maps is 1;
The test weight coefficient that two class tests map is 0.8;
The test weight coefficient that three class tests map is 0.5.
6. the method for claim 1, utilizes following formula to calculate described soil ecology toxicity integrated integral:
M=A+B+C
In formula,
M is soil ecology toxicity integrated integral;
A is the integrated integral of soil extract toxicity test;
B is the integrated integral of terrestrial organism short-term/acute toxicity test;
C be terrestrial organism long-term/integrated integral of chronic toxicity test.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, wherein,
A = &Sigma; i = 1 n 1 ( A i * F A i * P A i )
B = &Sigma; j = 1 n 2 ( B j * F B j * P B j )
C = &Sigma; k = 1 n 3 ( C k * F C k * P C k )
In formula,
N 1for the biological subject kind number in soil extract toxicity test;
A ifor in soil extract toxicity test, the pollution assignment that the poisonous effect of i-th kind of biological subject is corresponding;
for in soil extract toxicity test, the test weight coefficient of kind of test belonging to i-th kind of biological subject;
for in soil extract toxicity test, the index weights of the Testing index of i-th kind of biological subject employing;
N 2for the biological subject kind number in terrestrial organism short-term/acute toxicity test;
B jfor in terrestrial organism short-term/acute toxicity test, the pollution assignment that the poisonous effect of jth kind biological subject is corresponding;
for in terrestrial organism short-term/acute toxicity test, the test weight coefficient of kind of test belonging to jth kind biological subject;
for in terrestrial organism short-term/acute toxicity test, the index weights of the Testing index that jth kind biological subject adopts;
N 3for terrestrial organism long-term/chronic toxicity test in biological subject kind number;
C kfor terrestrial organism long-term/chronic toxicity test in, the pollution assignment that the poisonous effect of kth kind biological subject is corresponding;
for terrestrial organism long-term/chronic toxicity test in, the test weight coefficient of kind of test belonging to kth kind biological subject;
for terrestrial organism long-term/chronic toxicity test in, the index weights of the Testing index that kth kind biological subject adopts.
8. method as claimed in claim 7, utilizes following formula to calculate described individual level integration maximal value:
M max = &Sigma; i = 1 n 1 ( A i max * F A i max * 0.6 ) + &Sigma; j = 1 n 2 ( B j max * F B j max * 0.6 ) + &Sigma; k = 1 n 3 ( C k max * F C k max * 0.6 )
In formula,
A imaxfor in soil extract toxicity test, the greatest contamination assignment that the poisonous effect of i-th kind of biological subject is corresponding;
for in soil extract toxicity test, the ceiling effect factor of i-th kind of biological subject;
B jmaxfor in terrestrial organism short-term/acute toxicity test, the greatest contamination assignment that the poisonous effect of jth kind biological subject is corresponding;
for in terrestrial organism short-term/acute toxicity test, the ceiling effect factor of jth kind biological subject;
C kmaxfor terrestrial organism long-term/chronic toxicity test in, the greatest contamination assignment that the poisonous effect of kth kind biological subject is corresponding;
for terrestrial organism long-term/chronic toxicity test in, the ceiling effect factor of kth kind biological subject;
0.6 index weights for testing when Testing index is individual level.
9. method as claimed in claim 8, utilizes following formula to determine describedly to determine soil ecology Severity level:
R = M M max
In formula, R is tested soil ecology harmfulness score value;
If R >=0.8, it is high harm level;
If 0.5≤R < 0.8, it is height harm level;
If 0.3≤R < 0.5, it is middle harm level;
If R < 0.3, it is less harmful level.
10. optimize a device for contaminated site soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result, this device comprises:
Pollute assignment acquisition module, for gathering the soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result directly obtained by diagnostic test, inquire about the poisonous effect and pollution evaluation mapping table that pre-set, obtain the pollution assignment that poisonous effect corresponding to this soil ecology toxicity diagnostic result maps;
Test weight coefficient acquisition module, for the toxicity test sorted table that basis pre-sets, obtain the kind of test belonging to diagnostic test, inquire about the kind of test and test weight coefficient mapping table that pre-set, the test weight coefficient that the kind of test belonging to diagnostic test obtaining obtaining maps, described toxicity test sorted table is classified based on toxic endpoints susceptibility;
Index weights acquisition module, for determining the Testing index that diagnostic test adopts, inquires about the mapping relations table of Testing index and the index weights pre-set, and obtains the index weights of the Testing index mapping that described diagnostic test adopts;
Soil ecology toxicity integrated integral computing module, for the pollution assignment of acquisition, test weight coefficient and index weights are applied to the soil ecology toxicity integrated integral formula pre-set, obtains soil ecology toxicity integrated integral;
Severity level evaluation module, for calculating the ratio of soil ecology toxicity integrated integral and individual level integration maximal value, and according to the soil ecology Severity level of ratio determination contaminated site calculated.
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