CN105298477B - A kind of formation pore interpretation of structure method based on flow unit - Google Patents
A kind of formation pore interpretation of structure method based on flow unit Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The formation pore interpretation of structure method based on flow unit that the invention discloses a kind of, includes the following steps：First to formation at target locations division of flow units；Establish the relational model of corresponding with each flow unit porosity and permeability；The continuous porosity and permeability data obtained to conventional logging with discrete porosity and permeability data is corrected；It determines the flow unit measured belonging to position everywhere in formation at target locations and determines continuous porosity and permeability data in different flow units；The pore structure of formation at target locations is judged based on the Flow Zone Index in different flow units.This method is divided into the similar flow unit of geologic structure by that will evaluate block, porosity and permeability is carried out to each flow unit therein to analyze, the Explanation Accuracy of in-place permeability in entire evaluation block is improved, and quick interpretive analysis can be carried out to the pore structure in stratum.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to petroleum exploration and development technical fields, specifically, in being related to a kind of petroleum exploration and development process
The recognition methods of layer pore structure.
Background technology
Oil and natural gas is stored or is flowed in the pore structure of formation rock, so the pore structure pair on research stratum
Have great importance in the exploration and development of oil and natural gas.Due to architectonic complexity so that the hole in stratum
Size variation range is big, complex pore structure is changeable, it will be appreciated that the pore structure on stratum is generally required by pressing mercury experiment or core
Magnetic resonance logging method determines.
When by pressing mercury experiment to obtain the pore structural information on stratum, a large amount of core sample for acquiring corresponding stratum is needed
Product, while needs take a substantial amount of time the result tested, and obtained and are only applicable to do the stratum of core experiment, do not have
The stratum for doing core experiment does not reach rational result.It may be used to determine the hole knot on stratum by nmr logging method
Structure, but nmr logging method is costly, and also the NMR logging data obtained is fewer.
Based on the above situation, there is an urgent need for a kind of methods that can accurately, economically identify large area formation pore structure.
Invention content
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of accurate, economically identification large area formation pore structures
Method.
According to one embodiment of present invention, a kind of formation pore interpretation of structure method based on flow unit is provided,
Include the following steps：
Step 1: the discrete porosity and permeability from formation at target locations based on petrophysics experiment acquisition is according to this
To formation at target locations division of flow units；
Step 2: being established and each flow unit based on the discrete porosity and permeability data in each flow unit
The relational model of corresponding porosity and permeability；
Step 3: obtain the continuous porosity of formation at target locations and permeability data based on Conventional Logs, with discrete
Porosity and permeability data are corrected continuous porosity and permeability data；
Step 4: according to continuous porosity after correction and permeability data and the corresponding porosity of each flow unit with
The relational model of permeability judges the flow unit measured belonging to position in the formation at target locations and determines different flowings singly
Continuous porosity and permeability data in member；
Step 5: calculating flow unit based on continuous porosity in the different flow units and permeability data and referring to
It counts, and judges the pore structure of formation at target locations based on the Flow Zone Index in different flow units.
According to one embodiment of present invention, in step 1, further comprise the steps：
Flow Zone Index is calculated based on the discrete porosity and permeability data that petrophysics experiment obtains；
Flow Zone Index based on acquisition, which calculates Flow Zone Index cumulative frequency and draws corresponding flow unit, to be referred to
Number cumulative frequency figure；
Flow unit cumulative frequency figure based on acquisition is to formation at target locations division of flow units.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the Flow Zone Index is calculated by the following formula to obtain：
Wherein, k is the corresponding permeability of formation at target locations, and φ is the corresponding porosity of formation at target locations, and FZI is formation at target locations
Flow Zone Index.
According to one embodiment of present invention, by the identical point pair of slope in the Flow Zone Index cumulative frequency figure
The formation at target locations answered is divided into a flow unit.
According to one embodiment of present invention, in step 2, the corresponding porosity of each flow unit and infiltration
The relational model of rate data uses following formula：
K=a φb
Wherein, k is the corresponding permeability of formation at target locations, and φ is the corresponding porosity of formation at target locations, and parameter a, parameter b are normal
Number.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the relationship of each flow unit corresponding porosity and permeability data
Model Parameter a, parameter b are determined by regression algorithm.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described that continuous porosity and permeability data are carried out in step 3
Correction includes the following steps：
Porosity and permeability cross plot is drawn based on the porosity and permeability data that petrophysics experiment determines and is incited somebody to action
It draws porosity and permeability cross plot as base map, based on the porosity and permeability that Conventional Logs obtain；
Move integrally the porosity and permeability cross plot that is obtained based on Conventional Logs, until its porosity section and
Porosity section on base map it is almost the same to obtain porosity correction amount to Conventional Logs obtain porosity into
Row correction；
The porosity and permeability cross plot obtained based on Conventional Logs is moved integrally, until permeability section and bottom
Permeability section on figure is almost the same to obtain permeability correcting value to the permeability that is obtained to Conventional Logs
According to being corrected.
According to one embodiment of present invention, in step 4, pass through the continuous porosity of formation at target locations and permeability
The survey in formation at target locations is determined according to whether the relational model of porosity corresponding with some flow unit and permeability meets
Measure the flow unit belonging to position.
According to one embodiment of present invention, it in step 5, by continuous porosity in different flow units and oozes
The Flow Zone Index that saturating rate data are calculated judges pore structure, and if Flow Zone Index is bigger, then pore structure is better.
According to one embodiment of present invention, continuous porosity and permeability data in different flow units are calculated
The Flow Zone Index arrived is by logarithmic scale Labeling Coordinate, and the mark stated range minimum of the coordinate is 0.01, and maximum value is
100；
According to position judgment pore structure of the Flow Zone Index in index scale coordinate, Flow Zone Index closer to
The direction of the big value of Labeling Coordinate, then pore structure is better.
Present invention offers following advantageous effects：
This method is passed through by the way that formation at target locations is divided into the similar flow unit of geologic structure in each flow unit
Logging technique obtains continuous porosity and permeability data to carry out pore Structure Analysis, can accurately determine entire formation at target locations
Pore structure distribution, while reducing cost.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be illustrated in the following description, also, partly becomes from specification
It obtains it is clear that understand through the implementation of the invention.The purpose of the present invention and other advantages can be by specification, rights
Specifically noted structure is realized and is obtained in claim and attached drawing.
Description of the drawings
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is required attached drawing in technology description to do simple introduction：
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of one embodiment of the present of invention；
Fig. 2 is the algorithm flow chart of step S001 in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the Flow Zone Index cumulative frequency figure after the division of flow units of one embodiment of the present of invention；
Fig. 4 is different flow unit porosity-permeability relational graphs of corresponding diagram 3；
Fig. 5 is the nuclear magnetic resonance and Flow Zone Index explanation figure of one embodiment of the present of invention.
Specific implementation mode
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, how to be applied to the present invention whereby
Technological means solves technical problem, and the realization process for reaching technique effect can fully understand and implement.It needs to illustrate
As long as not constituting conflict, each embodiment in the present invention and each feature in each embodiment can be combined with each other,
It is formed by technical solution within protection scope of the present invention.
In addition, step shown in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings can be in the department of computer science of such as a group of computer-executable instructions
It is executed in system, although also, logical order is shown in flow charts, and it in some cases, can be to be different from herein
Sequence execute shown or described step.
It, can be by lithology and physical since the geological condition on different zones stratum is different in petroleum exploration and development process
The similar stratum of matter divides a unit into, and the STRATIGRAPHIC DIVISION of different lithology and physical property is different unit, to different lists
Member is respectively processed to analyze the structure feature on stratum.It introduces flow unit in the present invention purpose stratum is divided and divided
Analysis handles to obtain the pore structure distribution situation of entire formation at target locations.
It is the flow chart of one embodiment of the present of invention as shown in Figure 1.
In step S001, the porosity and permeability data obtained by petrophysics experiment is to formation at target locations dividing flow
Moving cell.It can be further divided into following steps in this step.
As shown in Fig. 2, the core sample data of formation at target locations different location is obtained by drilling technology in step S101,
And the porosity and permeability data that various physical tests obtain the core sample are carried out to core sample.It is real by rock core physics
It is discrete data to test the porosity of acquisition and permeability data.The discrete porosity and permeability data of acquisition is substituted into flowing
Corresponding Flow Zone Index is calculated in unit exponential formula, the calculation formula is as follows：
Wherein, k is the permeability of core sample in formation at target locations, and φ is the porosity of core sample in formation at target locations, FZI
For corresponding Flow Zone Index.It can get the Flow Zone Index of formation at target locations different location core sample according to the formula.
In step s 102, the Flow Zone Index obtained by step S101 calculates flow unit cumulative frequency and draws
Flow Zone Index cumulative frequency figure.In the cumulative frequency figure, a reference axis represents Flow Zone Index numerical value, another coordinate
Axis represents the cumulative frequency of the corresponding Flow Zone Index numerical value.It can be by the Flow Zone Index in the formation at target locations by the figure
Cumulative frequency intuitively show.
In step s 103, the data in Flow Zone Index cumulative frequency figure are divided.It will be in cumulative frequency figure
The corresponding STRATIGRAPHIC DIVISION of the identical point of slope is a flow unit, and formation at target locations can be divided into multiple and different flowing lists
Member, the stratum in flow unit after each division have similar geologic feature.
In step S002, porosity and the relationship mould of permeability are calculated separately for each flow unit after division
Type.In this step, it for each flow unit, is built according to the discrete porosity and permeability data in the flow unit
Both vertical relational model.The relational model of the two is indicated using power function form herein, which indicates as follows：
K=a φb (2)
Wherein, k is the corresponding permeability of formation at target locations, and φ is the corresponding porosity of formation at target locations, and parameter a, parameter b are normal
Number, b is pore structure index.
Porosity and permeability due to using in this step is needed through regression algorithm for discrete data by porosity
It is full curve form with Permeability fit and determines the value of parameter a, b, wherein b values is bigger, and pore structure is better.Pass through rock
The structure parameters of soil layer that stone Physical Experiment obtains is accurate, and the flow unit that the method determines is accurate, so using this in the present invention
Method carrys out division of flow units.
In step S003, the continuous porosity of formation at target locations and permeability data are obtained based on Conventional Logs, is used
Discrete porosity and permeability data is corrected continuous porosity and permeability data.
The correction course of porosity uses φ in this step1=φ+Δ φ, wherein φ1It is the porosity after correction, φ
It is the porosity obtained based on Conventional Logs, Δ φ is porosity correction amount.Permeability correction course uses k1=k+ Δs
K, wherein k1It is the permeability after correction, k is the permeability obtained based on Conventional Logs, and Δ k is permeability correcting value.
Key needs to obtain porosity correction amount and permeability correcting value in this step.Pass through petrophysics experiment first
The discrete porosity and permeability data obtained draw porosity and permeability cross plot and using the figures as benchmark base map.Together
When based on Conventional Logs obtain porosity and permeability data draw porosity and permeability cross plot.
Move integrally the porosity and permeability data cross plot obtained based on Conventional Logs, the hole in the figure
Porosity section and the porosity section on base map are almost the same, and the amount of movement of the porosity is the correction amount delta φ of porosity.
Move integrally the porosity and permeability cross plot obtained based on Conventional Logs, the permeability in the figure
Section and the permeability section on base map are almost the same, and the amount of movement of the permeability is the correction amount delta k of permeability.
Porosity and permeability cross plot to be determined by petrophysics experiment moves integrally as base map and passes through well logging
The continuous porosity and permeability cross plot of data evaluation makes the porosity section of logging evaluation be determined with petrophysics experiment
Porosity section it is almost the same, then the amount of movement of porosity is Δ φ.
Porosity and permeability cross plot to be determined by petrophysics experiment moves integrally well-log information as base map
The continuous porosity and permeability cross plot of evaluation, the permeability section for keeping the permeability section of logging evaluation determining with experiment
Almost the same, then the amount of movement of permeability is Δ k.
In step S004, according to the continuous porosity of formation at target locations and permeability data of correction, continuous hole is analyzed
The functional relation of porosity and permeability data judges the letter that the corresponding porosity in position and permeability data are measured in formation at target locations
Number relationship porosity corresponding with some flow unit and the relational model of permeability meet, so that it is determined that measuring position stratum
Affiliated flow unit, and then determine continuous porosity and permeability data in different flow units.
In step S005, based on the continuous porosity and permeability data calculating flow unit in different flow units
Index judges the pore structure of formation at target locations by Flow Zone Index, and if Flow Zone Index is bigger, then pore structure is got over
It is good.
In this step, it is the pore structure characteristic on more intuitive display target stratum, will be calculated in each flow unit
Obtained Flow Zone Index is marked by the form of logarithmic scale coordinate.The numberical range minimum value marked in the coordinate is
0.01, maximum value 100.Then judge position of the Flow Zone Index in coordinate, Flow Zone Index closer to coordinate most
The direction being worth greatly, then pore structure is better.By analyzing the pore structure distribution in formation at target locations in each flow unit, to
Infer the average pore distribution on entire evaluation stratum.
Method of the present invention by formation at target locations by being divided into the similar flow unit of geologic structure, to therein every
Continuous stratum in a flow unit carries out lacunarity analysis, improves the standard of formation pore structural analysis in each flow unit
The Explanation Accuracy of exactness and permeability.The porosity and permeability data that continuous stratum is obtained by conventional logging technology calculate stream
Moving cell index judges pore structure by Flow Zone Index, and the stratum to that cannot carry out core experiment can also infer this
The pore structure on stratum.Nuclear magnetic resonance log can be replaced to analyze the pore structure on stratum using this method, reduce measurement
Cost.
Method of the present invention is illustrated below by way of a specific embodiment.
It is illustrated in figure 3 porosity that a certain formation at target locations is obtained by petrophysics experiment and permeability data obtains
Flow Zone Index cumulative frequency figure.The corresponding Flow Zone Index of the cumulative frequency numerical value of slope same section in figure is divided
For one group as a flow unit, 7 kinds of flow units are obtained.
The relationship of porosity and permeability is selected the porosity in each flow unit with corresponding permeability data
Model.It is illustrated in figure 4 the relational graph of different flow unit porosity-permeabilities, axis of abscissas represents porosity, ordinate generation
Table permeability shows that porosity-permeability relationship of all 7 kinds of flow units, each corresponding flow unit obtain in figure
To different porositys-permeability relational model and corresponding related coefficient.Y represents permeability in the expression formula, and x represents hole
The index of porosity, x is pore structure index.The hole knot of the flow unit can be tentatively judged by the pore structure index
Structure, if pore structure index is bigger, then the permeability on stratum is higher.
The continuous porosity of formation at target locations and permeability data are obtained by logging technique, by the porosity of acquisition and infiltration
Rate data enter flow unit exponential formula by calibration offspring and obtain the Flow Zone Index of formation at target locations.The flowing list that will be obtained
First index and the T2 of nuclear magnetic resonance log spectrums are compared.Nuclear magnetic resonance log is that current measure more accurately is surveyed in pore structure
Amount method, on the basis of its measurement result, if obtained Flow Zone Index numerical value corresponds to the peak of nuclear magnetic resonance log T2 spectrums
Near value, then the reliability and accuracy of Flow Zone Index can be confirmed.As shown in the 4th in Fig. 5, lead in certain flow unit
It crosses the Flow Zone Index numerical value that continuous porosity and permeability data obtain to be located near the peak value of T2 spectrums, illustrates that nuclear-magnetism is total
Well logging T2 spectrum explanation results of shaking have good consistency with Flow Zone Index.
While it is disclosed that embodiment content as above but described only to facilitate understanding the present invention and adopting
Embodiment is not limited to the present invention.Any those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains are not departing from this
Under the premise of the disclosed spirit and scope of invention, any modification and change can be made in the implementing form and in details,
But the scope of patent protection of the present invention, still should be subject to the scope of the claims as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of formation pore interpretation of structure method based on flow unit, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step 1: the discrete porosity and permeability from formation at target locations based on petrophysics experiment acquisition is according to this to mesh
Mark STRATIGRAPHIC DIVISION flow unit；
Step 2: being established based on the discrete porosity and permeability data in each flow unit corresponding with each flow unit
Porosity and permeability relational model；
Step 3: the continuous porosity of formation at target locations and permeability data are obtained based on Conventional Logs, with discrete hole
Degree and permeability data are corrected continuous porosity and permeability data；
Step 4: according to continuous porosity after correction and permeability data and the corresponding porosity of each flow unit and infiltration
The relational model of rate judges the flow unit measured belonging to position in the formation at target locations and determines in different flow units
Continuous porosity and permeability data；
Step 5: Flow Zone Index is calculated based on continuous porosity in the different flow units and permeability data, and
The pore structure of formation at target locations is judged based on the Flow Zone Index in different flow units,
In step 2, the relational model of the corresponding porosity of each flow unit and permeability data is using following public
Formula：
K=a φb
Wherein, k is the corresponding permeability of formation at target locations, and φ is the corresponding porosity of formation at target locations, and parameter a, parameter b are constant,
Parameter a, parameter b, which pass through to return, in the relational model of the corresponding porosity of each flow unit and permeability data calculates
Method determination,
In step 3, it is described to continuous porosity and permeability data be corrected including：
Porosity and permeability cross plot is drawn based on the porosity and permeability data that petrophysics experiment determines and is made
For base map, porosity and permeability cross plot is drawn based on the porosity and permeability that Conventional Logs obtain；
The porosity and permeability cross plot obtained based on Conventional Logs is moved integrally, until its porosity section and base map
On porosity section it is almost the same to obtain porosity correction amount to Conventional Logs obtain porosity carry out school
Just；
The porosity and permeability cross plot obtained based on Conventional Logs is moved integrally, until on permeability section and base map
Permeability section it is almost the same to obtain permeability correcting value to permeability data that Conventional Logs are obtained into
Row correction.
2. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 1, further comprise the steps：
Flow Zone Index is calculated based on the discrete porosity and permeability data that petrophysics experiment obtains；
Flow Zone Index based on acquisition, which calculates Flow Zone Index cumulative frequency and draws corresponding Flow Zone Index, to be tired out
Count frequency diagram；
Flow unit cumulative frequency figure based on acquisition is to formation at target locations division of flow units.
3. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the Flow Zone Index is calculated by the following formula
It arrives：
Wherein, k is the corresponding permeability of formation at target locations, and φ is the corresponding porosity of formation at target locations, and FZI is the flowing of formation at target locations
Unit index.
4. method as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that by the slope phase in the Flow Zone Index cumulative frequency figure
The same corresponding formation at target locations of point is divided into a flow unit.
5. the method as described in claim 1,2, any one of 4, which is characterized in that in step 4, connected by formation at target locations
Whether continuous porosity and permeability data porosity corresponding with some flow unit and the relational model of permeability meet
To determine the flow unit measured belonging to position in formation at target locations.
6. method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that in step 4, by the continuous porosity of formation at target locations and
Whether permeability data porosity corresponding with some flow unit and the relational model of permeability meet with determining target
The flow unit measured belonging to position in layer.
7. method as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that in step 5, pass through continuous hole in different flow units
The Flow Zone Index that porosity and permeability data are calculated judges pore structure, if Flow Zone Index is bigger, then hole
Structure is better.
8. method as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that in step 5, pass through continuous hole in different flow units
The Flow Zone Index that porosity and permeability data are calculated judges pore structure, if Flow Zone Index is bigger, then hole
Structure is better.
9. method as claimed in claim 7 or 8, which is characterized in that by continuous porosity and infiltration in different flow units
The Flow Zone Index that rate data are calculated is by logarithmic scale Labeling Coordinate, the mark stated range minimum of the coordinate
0.01, maximum value 100；
According to position judgment pore structure of the Flow Zone Index in index scale coordinate, Flow Zone Index is closer to coordinate
The direction being worth greatly is marked, then pore structure is better.
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| CN109958413B (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2021-03-30 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Dynamic flow unit dividing method for oil reservoir in ultrahigh water cut period |
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