CN105298385B - A kind of boring method for reinforcing mud shale with boring - Google Patents
A kind of boring method for reinforcing mud shale with boring Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of boring method for reinforcing mud shale with boring, it is related to drilling technology field, invention is based on bionics techniques, the characteristics of imitating marine organisms mussel, using the efficient bionical drilling fluid system with brill Reinforcing Shaft rock of energy under the conditions of subsurface environment, adjust drilling fluid composition in time in drilling process, the mechanism of action of bionical solid wall drilling fluid is that firm, fine and close " bionical shell " can be formed on the borehole wall, solve leakage in drilling well, borehole well instability, with problems such as brill Gu Bi, narrow ' Safe Density Windows.Real mechano-chemical coupling is realized, wellbore stability, the reinforcing borehole wall is maintained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the wall bracing technology in drilling technology field, particularly the mud shale well section borehole wall.
Background technology
The formula and functional parameter of conventional drilling fluid, bentonite content is 40~60g/L particularly in drilling fluid, anti-collapse
Agent content is 1.5~20g/L, and the viscosity of drilling fluid is 40~50s, and shear force is 1.5~5Pa.
The formula of conventional drilling liquid：By clear water and bentonite in powder, soda ash, flocculation coating agent, fluid loss additive, anti-sloughing agent and profit
Lubrication prescription is constituted, wherein, bentonite in powder accounts for 4~6%, and soda ash accounts for 0.5%, and flocculation coating agent accounts for 0.3%, and fluid loss additive accounts for 0.6%, prevents
Agent of collapsing accounts for 2%, and lubricant accounts for 1~2%.
Conventional drilling fluidity energy major parameter：Density 1.05g/cm3, 40~50s of Marsh funnel viscosity, middle press filtration vector is small
In 8ml, pH value 8-9,1min 1.5~5Pa of gel initial, the greasy property coefficient of viscosity 0.04~0.09.
The advantage of conventional drilling liquid：Formula is ripe, and performance change factor is easily determined, processing adjustment is handy.
But conventional drilling liquid is also disadvantageous：Bore and meet special formation, such as unstable shale, stabilizing borehole ability is not
Foot, often construction is obstructed, causes the complicated reaming repeatedly in underground, causes substantial amounts of time, material resources, manpower loss.
Therefore the occasion that conventional drilling liquid is applicable：The drilling fluid construction of common straight well, directional well within vertical depth 3000m, and
It is not suitable for the drilling to unstable shale well section.Because mud shale well section borehole wall stability is poor, through drilling well after ground layer open
The easy borehole well instability phenomenon such as chip off-falling that collapses of immersion bubble, there will be severe cave-in, influence drilling safety and benefit.The borehole wall is steady
It is always to perplex the problem of domestic and international drilling well circle to determine problem, and the accident that borehole well instability triggers causes nearly 10 × 10 every year on average8It is beautiful
The economic loss of member.
Most researchers are to mitigate drilling fluid to the adverse effect of borehole wall stability as main target, and research is avoided that well
The drilling fluid system of wall unstability.However, due to that can not completely inhibit the hydration swelling of mud shale or prevent the leak-off of Free water, this
A little drilling fluid systems can only mitigate the influence caused by borehole well instability to a certain extent, not be suitable for easily caving in or pulping
Stratum.In order to fundamentally avoid the engineering accident such as undergauge bit freezing, cave-in caused by borehole well instability, it should with boring mud
The shale borehole wall is directly reinforced, and greatly improves the mechanical stability of the mud shale borehole wall, and this is Abroad in Recent Years scholar's current research
Borehole wall reinforcement technique.Due to that can not overcome the influence of mud shale surface hydrophilicity, up to the present this technology is still in exploration
In the stage, fail to fully achieve downhole drill reinforcing mud shale.
The formula of bionical shale control agent, performance parameter, feature：
Bionical shale control agent YZFS-1 is a kind of molecular weight polymers with polar group, can be resisted in drilling fluid
Salt calcium fouling resistance, with the increase of bionical shale control agent YZFS-1 concentration, the viscosity of drilling fluid, shear force, filter loss rise.
The formula of bionical solid wall agent, performance parameter, feature：
Bionical solid wall agent GBFS-1 is the graft polymers of a species byssus protein, and filter can be reduced by adding in drilling fluid
Vector, forms plugging film, so that the stability of Reinforcing Shaft in mud shale gap.
Before making the present invention, bionical shale control agent and bionical solid wall agent applied, and show to add in drilling fluid
Enter after bionical shale control agent and bionical solid wall agent, mud shale well section extension stable period, cave-in amount is reduced, and saves work
The industry time.But added in drilling fluid after bionical shale control agent and bionical solid wall agent, the viscosity and shear force of drilling fluid have risen,
And with foamed phenomenon, property of drilling fluid is difficult stabilization.
The content of the invention
The present invention seeks to propose that mud shale well section borehole wall stability can be effectively improved, the easy chip off-falling that collapses of immersion bubble is prevented
The boring method for reinforcing rock with boring occurred etc. borehole well instability phenomenon.
The technical scheme is that：Adjust drilling fluid composition in time in drilling process, specifically include following steps：
1）First crept into, started in drilling to away from the chip off-falling mud shale 150m that easily collapses, by drilling well using conventional drilling liquid
Bentonite content is adjusted to 20~30g/L in liquid, and the viscosity of drilling fluid is reduced into 10%~20%, and the shear force of drilling fluid is reduced
10%~20%；
2）Start in drilling to away from the chip off-falling mud shale 100m that easily collapses, to step 1）Drilling fluid in add the suppression of bionical shale
Preparation, until the content of bionical shale control agent is 0.5%~0.7% in drilling fluid；
Step 2）In, the content of bionical shale control agent can make mud shale landwaste shake for 0.5% in common drilling fluid
It is normal that drilling cuttings on dynamic sieve returns output.It is more than normal drilling coal powder quantity of bore 100% as underground mud shale landwaste returns output on the vibrating
The content of bionical shale control agent, which reaches, during the above, in drilling fluid can be increased to 0.7%, but also not exceed 0.7%.Imitated in drilling fluid
The content of raw shale inhibitor is good in 0.5~0.7% performance efficiency, and content enhancing efficiency is gentle, increases cost on the contrary；It is in addition
Avoid with too high levels, drilling fluid viscosity rapid increase causes the property of drilling fluid to deteriorate.
3）Start in drilling to away from the chip off-falling mud shale 50m that easily collapses, to step 2）Drilling fluid in add bionical solid wall agent,
Until bionical solid wall agent content is 0.8%~1.2% in drilling fluid；
Step 3）In, bionical solid wall agent content can make mud shale landwaste on the vibrating for 0.8% in common drilling fluid
It is normal that drilling cuttings returns output.When returning output on the vibrating more than normal drilling coal powder quantity of bore more than 100% such as underground mud shale landwaste,
The content of bionical solid wall agent, which reaches, in drilling fluid can be increased to 1.2%, but also not exceed 1.2%.
The content of bionical shale control agent is good in 0.8~1.2% performance efficiency in drilling fluid, and content enhancing efficiency is gentle, instead
And increase cost；In addition to avoiding, with too high levels, drilling fluid viscosity and shear force rapid increase, causing property of drilling fluid to dislike
Change.
4）After drilling fluid rheology performance reaches design requirement, continue to creep into 100m ± 10m every, to step 3）Drilling well
Bionical shale control agent and bionical solid wall agent are added in liquid simultaneously, and reduces accounting of the anti-sloughing agent in drilling fluid.
General dr illing fluid design generally according to the well type of construction well, well not and geological target, by related drilling well standard, with reference to
Underground geology characteristic, designs property of drilling fluid.Such as：Certain oil field is recessed 600~1800m well sections that certain constructs certain well, design
Property of drilling fluid major parameter：Density 1.05g/cm3, 40~50s of Marsh funnel viscosity, middle press filtration vector is less than 8ml, pH value 8-
9,1min 1.5~5Pa of gel initial, the greasy property coefficient of viscosity 0.04~0.09.
Invention be based on bionics techniques, imitate marine organisms mussel the characteristics of, using under the conditions of subsurface environment can efficiently with
Bore the bionical drilling fluid system of Reinforcing Shaft rock.The mechanism of action of bionical solid wall drilling fluid be can be formed on the borehole wall it is firm,
Fine and close " bionical shell ", solves leakage in drilling well, borehole well instability, with problems such as brill Gu Bi, narrow ' Safe Density Windows.Realize real
Mechanical-chemical coupling, maintains wellbore stability, the reinforcing borehole wall.
Bionics techniques is to study structure, function and the operation principle of organism, and is transplanted in engineering technology, is used to
The emerging technology classification of engineering roadblock is solved, the research of conventional drilling liquid system is not applied to also.The country has scholar to be based on
Bionics techniques, the characteristics of imitating marine organisms mussel, research can be efficiently with brill Reinforcing Shaft rock under the conditions of subsurface environment
Bionical drilling fluid system.
Bionical solid wall drilling fluid aquation suppresses strong, clay interlamination region can be embedded in by ion exchange, by adjacent clay
Crystal layer is bound together by strong hydrogen bonding effect, so as to greatly suppress the hydration swelling of clay.Film forming seal-off effect is strong, can pass through
In rock surface spontaneous polymerization, the polymer film of nano-micrometer thickness, effectively closure shale nano-micrometer level hole and crack are formed.
Dehydration can be effectively reduced, stratum water swelling is prevented, peels off or cave in；' Safe Density Windows can be effectively improved, it is ensured that drilling well
Safety.
The present invention is on the basis of conventional drilling liquid, by the above method, the drilling fluid adjusted in time in drilling process, leads to
Cross and add bionical shale control agent, strengthen the mud shale rejection ability of drilling fluid, by adding bionical solid wall agent, strengthen drilling fluid
Mud shale crack closure bearing capacity, less anti-sloughing agent usage amount, improve mud shale well section borehole wall stability, reach underground pacify
Entirely, cost efficiency, environment-friendly purpose.Present invention process is simple, and anti-sloughing agent consumption is few, is easy to drop sheet, synergy.Colourity
Shallow, fluorescence grade is low, beneficial to geological logging and reservoir protec-tion, belongs to biological product, be conducive to it is energy-saving, it is environment-friendly.
The present invention can solve many problems such as wellbore stability, upgrading speed-raising, will shorten drilling period, reduce the side such as complex fault timeliness
Face produces good economic benefit.
Further, in order to avoid the fluctuation of drilling fluid rheology performance is too big, the present invention is in the step 2）In, per the circulating cycle
The bionical shale control agent added is no more than 50kg.
In order to avoid the fluctuation of drilling fluid rheology performance is too big, the step 3）In, the bionical solid wall agent added per the circulating cycle
No more than 100kg.
The step 4）In, bionical shale control agent increases 40kg per the circulating cycle, and for use in maintaining, depth is increased to disappear
Consumption.
The step 4）In, bionical solid wall agent increases 100kg per the circulating cycle, for use in the maintenance increased consumption of depth.
The step 4）In, accounting of the anti-sloughing agent in drilling fluid is reduced to 1.5%~0%.The present invention can also further root
Associated drilling fluid performance processing is carried out according to formation variation and wellbore trajectory's change, such as drilling is bored to clean sandstone or igneous rock formation
The anti-collapse agent content of well liquid can be reduced to 0%.
As wellbore trajectory changes dog-leg severity more than 80, then the lubricity raising to drilling fluid is also needed to, in the step 4）
In, adjustment fluid lubricant and solid lubrication agent content, make drilling fluid the lubricity parameter coefficient of viscosity control to 0.04~
0.09。
In the horizontal segment drilling process of horizontal well, using above method, but for peupendicular hole or inclined shaft, then in step
Rapid 4）Afterwards, with the increase of vertical well depth, in step 4）Drilling fluid in improve bionical shale control agent and bionical solid wall agent
Incrementss.For being influenceed because of well depth increase formation temperature rise on property of drilling fluid, and increased supplement loss.
Vertical well depth, which often increases bionical shale control agent in 300m, drilling fluid, increases imitative in 45kg, drilling fluid per the circulating cycle
Raw solid wall agent maintenance increases 105kg per the circulating cycle.Due to well depth increase formation temperature rise, the high temperature resistance energy of inorganic agent
Power is limited, and temperature is too high to make inorganic agent progressively degrade or fail, and inorganic agent used in amounts in high temperature will increase, it is ensured that inorganic agent foot
Enough valid density, is acted on needed for maintaining.
Embodiment
The present invention based on conventional drilling liquid, matches somebody with somebody in drilling process as the progress of drilling adjusts drilling fluid in time
Side, it is specific as follows：
1. prepare before transition.The 150m to the chip off-falling mud shale that easily collapses is crept into a diameter of 215.9mm well, is bored
Bentonite content is 20~30g/L, the more conventional drilling fluid of viscosity and shear force of drilling fluid in well liquid adjusting performance, adjustment drilling fluid
Performance reduction by 10%~20%, other associated drilling fluid performances make the density of drilling fluid meet strata pressure and pit shaft without adjustment
Security needs.
Several conventional methods being adjusted to bentonite content：Concentration observation, e.g., is uniformly added into drilling fluid
Clear water, gradually reduces bentonite content；Mechanical removal method, e.g., allows drilling fluid by using supercentrifuge, progressively removes clay
Grain, reduces bentonite content；Flocculation sedimentation, e.g., adds flocculant in drilling fluid, and clay particle, drop are settled in mud settling tank
Low bentonite content.
The method that several conventional viscosity to drilling fluid are adjusted：Clear water is supplemented, diluent is added, temperature is raised,
Lower bentonite content and decentralization, reducing the methods such as solid concentration reduces the viscosity of drilling fluid.
The method that several conventional shear force to drilling fluid are adjusted：Clear water is supplemented, diluent is added, temperature is raised,
Lower bentonite content and decentralization, reducing the methods such as solid concentration reduces the shear force of drilling fluid.
2. transition is handled.When 100m well sections are constructed before drilling to the chip off-falling mud shale that easily collapses, added into drilling fluid imitative
Raw shale inhibitor（YZFS-1）, to avoid drilling fluid rheology performance from fluctuating, add speed control and be no more than in per circulating cycle
The content of bionical shale control agent is up to after 0.5% in 50kg, drilling fluid, and it is big that such as underground mud shale landwaste returns output on the vibrating
Bionical shale control agent is supplemented in normally drilling coal powder quantity of bore, then by the circulating cycle；It is more than normal drilling as mud shale drilling cuttings returns output
The content of bionical shale control agent does not exceed 0.7% yet in coal powder quantity of bore more than 100%, drilling fluid.
3. adjustment is handled.When 50m well sections are constructed before drilling to the chip off-falling mud shale that easily collapses, added into drilling fluid bionical
Gu wall agent（GBFS-1）, to avoid drilling fluid rheology performance from fluctuating, add speed control and be no more than 100kg in per circulating cycle, bore
Bionical solid wall agent content is up to after 0.8% in well liquid, and such as underground mud shale landwaste returns output and is more than normal drilling drilling cuttings on the vibrating
Amount, then by the bionical solid wall agent of circulating cycle supplement；It is more than normal drilling coal powder quantity of bore more than 100%, drilling well as mud shale drilling cuttings returns output
Bionical solid wall agent content does not exceed 1.2% yet in liquid.
4. maintenance is handled.Drilling fluid rheology performance is reached after design requirement, often continues to creep into the bionical shale suppressions of 100m ± 10m
Preparation safeguards that dosage is used to maintain consumption, bionical solid wall agent to safeguard that dosage is used to maintain per circulating cycle 100kg per circulating cycle 40kg
Consumption, when anti-sloughing agent amount ratio reduces 20%~30% with other drilling fluids.Be initially added into drilling fluid bionical shale control agent and
After bionical solid wall agent, anti-sloughing agent dosage is gradually reduced, general stratum anti-sloughing agent content control is crept into 0.8~1.5%, such as creeps into
To clean sandstone or igneous rock formation, drilling fluid anti-sloughing agent content can be reduced to 0%.
Also associated drilling fluid performance processing, such as drilling to sandstone, fire can be carried out according to formation variation and wellbore trajectory's change
Diagenesis stratum, drilling fluid anti-sloughing performance can be reduced to 0%, and such as wellbore trajectory changes dog-leg severity more than 80, drilling fluid lubricating performance
Need to improve, adjust fluid lubricant（Vegetable oil, white oil）Content, or kollag（Graphite powder, plastic beads）Content, makes
The lubricity parameter coefficient of viscosity control of drilling fluid is to 0.04~0.06.
For the horizontal segment drilling process of horizontal well, using above method.
But for peupendicular hole or inclined shaft, due to going deep into drilling, well temperature rise.In order to overcome because well depth increases stratum
Temperature rise is influenceed, it is necessary to increase loss on property of drilling fluid, such as with the increase of vertical well depth, in step 4）Drilling fluid
The middle incrementss for improving bionical shale control agent and bionical solid wall agent.Vertical well depth often increases 300m, the bionical page in drilling fluid
Rock inhibitor increases 45kg per the circulating cycle, and bionical solid wall agent maintenance increases 105kg per the circulating cycle.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of boring method for reinforcing mud shale with boring, it is characterised in that adjust drilling fluid composition in time in drilling process,
Specifically include following steps：
1）First crept into, started in drilling to away from the chip off-falling mud shale 150m that easily collapses, by drilling fluid using conventional drilling liquid
Bentonite content is adjusted to 20~30g/L, and the viscosity of drilling fluid is reduced into 10%~20%, by the shear force reduction by 10% of drilling fluid~
20%；
2）Start in drilling to away from the chip off-falling mud shale 100m that easily collapses, to step 1）Drilling fluid in add bionical shale and suppress
Agent, until the content of bionical shale control agent is 0.5%~0.7% in drilling fluid；
3）Start in drilling to away from the chip off-falling mud shale 50m that easily collapses, to step 2）Drilling fluid in add bionical solid wall agent, until
Bionical solid wall agent content is 0.8%~1.2% in drilling fluid；
4）After drilling fluid rheology performance reaches design requirement, continue to creep into 100m ± 10m every, to step 3）Drilling fluid in
Bionical shale control agent and bionical solid wall agent are added simultaneously, and reduce accounting of the anti-sloughing agent in drilling fluid；
Bentonite content is 40~60g/L in the conventional drilling liquid, and anti-collapse agent content is 1.5~20g/L, the viscosity of drilling fluid
For 40~50s, shear force is 1.5~5Pa；The formula of conventional drilling liquid：By clear water and bentonite in powder, soda ash, flocculation coating agent,
Fluid loss additive, anti-sloughing agent and lubricant composition, wherein, bentonite in powder accounts for 4~6%, and soda ash accounts for 0.5%, and flocculation coating agent is accounted for
0.3%, fluid loss additive accounts for 0.6%, and anti-sloughing agent accounts for 2%, and lubricant accounts for 1~2%.
2. the boring method for reinforcing mud shale with boring according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step 2）In, often follow
The bionical shale control agent that ring week adds is no more than 50kg.
3. the boring method for reinforcing mud shale with boring according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step 3）In, often follow
The bionical solid wall agent added in ring week is no more than 100kg.
4. the boring method for reinforcing mud shale with boring according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step 4）In, it is bionical
Shale control agent increases 40kg per the circulating cycle.
5. the boring method for reinforcing mud shale with boring according to claim 1 or 4, it is characterised in that：The step 4）In, imitate
Raw solid wall agent increases 100kg per the circulating cycle.
6. the boring method for reinforcing mud shale with boring according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step 4）In, reduce
Accounting of the anti-sloughing agent in drilling fluid is to 1.5%~0%.
7. the boring method for reinforcing mud shale with boring according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step 4）In, adjustment
Fluid lubricant and kollag, make the lubricity parameter coefficient of viscosity of drilling fluid control to 0.04~0.09.
8. the boring method for reinforcing mud shale with boring according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：In step 4）Afterwards, with vertical
The deep increase of straight well, in step 4）Drilling fluid in improve the incrementss of bionical shale control agent and bionical solid wall agent.
9. the boring method for reinforcing mud shale with boring according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：In step 4）Afterwards, peupendicular hole
Deep often to increase 300m, bionical shale control agent increases 45kg per the circulating cycle.
10. the boring method for reinforcing mud shale with boring according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：In step 4）Afterwards, peupendicular hole
Deep often to increase 300m, bionical solid wall agent maintenance increases 105kg per the circulating cycle.
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| CN105909193B (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2018-10-09 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of in-situ processing technique of potassium carbonate Aethoxy Sklerol drilling fluid |
| CN111021982B (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2022-03-29 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Well cementing method and well cementing device |
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| US3885429A (en) * | 1973-11-30 | 1975-05-27 | Mihaly Megyeri | Method for measuring the rheological properties of fluids in the bore holes of deep-wells |
| CN103848984A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2014-06-11 | 天津中油渤星工程科技有限公司 | Shale inhibitor polyether polyol for drilling fluids, and preparation and application thereof |
| CN104177517B (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2015-06-03 | 蒋官澄 | Bionic polymer for well wall stabilization, preparation method thereof and drilling fluid |
| CN104277800A (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2015-01-14 | 河北永达化工有限公司 | Ideal filling film-formation wall cementing agent for drilling fluids |
| CN104563927B (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2016-02-10 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of wellbore stability method and experimental facilities being applicable under balance pressure drilling |
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