A kind of preparation method of oxidation resistant natural gas engine oil
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of oxidation resistant natural gas engine oil, belong to technical field of lubricating oil.
Background technology
Engine oil is generally all made up of base oil and additive two portions.Base oil adopts refining mineral oil mostly, the base oil that the base oil of top-grade lubricating oil adopts synthetic oil or mineral oil and synthetic oil to allocate.Due to produce during engine operation high temperature, high pressure, at a high speed, large load all will act on machine oil, motor spirit and combustion exhaust etc. also have erosion action to machine oil, therefore, require that engine oil must have suitable withered degree and good viscosity-temperature characteristics, good detergent-dispersant performance must be had, and good sour neutrality, oxidation stability, resistance to abrasion, anti-bubble, anti-rotten rust-preventing characteristic etc.In order to make machine oil have these performance requriementss, must add various interpolation thorn in oil, conventional additive has withered degree index improver, metal detergent, ashless dispersant, oxidation and corrosion inhibitor, pour point depressant, kilfoam and rust-preventive agent etc.Because the performance difference of base oil is different from content with the quantity of additive, define the difference of engine lubrication oil quality and viscosity, so also just had the lubricating oil of different varieties, specification.
Natural gas engine combustioncharacteristics is different from conventional machine oil to the requirement of machine oil performance, because natural gas engine exhaust temperature is higher than diesel engine 100 ~ 150 DEG C, requires that machine oil has higher oxidation-resistance and anti-nitrated property; Thermal load high request machine oil kinematic viscosity is unsuitable too high, lower than the sulphur content in diesel oil to ensure the sulphur content of good cooling performance Sweet natural gas, require that machine oil adopts low alkali value to adopt oxygen sensor. require that zinc, phosphorus content want≤300ppm, prevent oxygen sensor and the poisoning comprehensive valve of catalyst converter from lubricating and Piston Carbon problem, natural gas engine needs the machine oil using medium ash.
CN104357189A discloses the biological compounded lubricating oil of a kind of natural gas engine, comprises the material of following parts by weight: base oil 50-60 part, pour point depressant 0.1-1.5 part, antioxidizing and antigum agent 0.5-3 part, pour point depressant 0.1-1.5 part, dispersion agent 0.5-1.5 part, rust-preventive agent 0.1-0.7 part, thickening material 1-3 part, boronation polyisobutylene succinamide 3-5 part, kilfoam 0.1-0.5 part, trolamine 1-5 part, this lubricating oil has lower ash content, can reduce the sedimental generation such as greasy filth and carbon distribution; But this lubricating oil also exists oxidation-resistance and resists the problem that nitrated property is not high.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is: a kind of lubricating oil being applied to natural gas engine is provided, this lubricating oil needs to have better oxidation-resistance and anti-nitrated property, the technical scheme adopted mainly by adding sorbitan monooleate and cocoanut fatty acid diethanolamide in lubricating oil, produce synergy, make lubricating oil operationally have better properties.
Technical scheme:
A preparation method for oxidation resistant natural gas engine oil, comprises the steps:
1st step: by weight, gets base oil 100 ~ 150 parts, epoxidised soybean oil 5 ~ 10 parts, 3 ~ 5 parts, alpha-oxidation alkene, after mixing, heats and the insulation that refluxes, lets cool;
2nd step: in the mixture prepared in the 1st step, add hydrogenated castor oil 5 ~ 10 parts, dibutyl succinate 1 ~ 2 part, sorbitan monooleate 0.3 ~ 1 part, calcium sulfenyl phenolate 0.4 ~ 0.6 part, cocoanut fatty acid diethanolamide 0.2 ~ 0.4 part, lubricating oil additive 2 ~ 6 parts again, mix, heat and the insulation that refluxes, let cool.
In the 1st described step, Heating temperature 40 ~ 60 DEG C, backflow insulation 1 ~ 2 hour.
In the 2nd described step, Heating temperature 50 ~ 60 DEG C, backflow insulation 2 ~ 4 hours.
The kinematic viscosity of described base oil at 100 DEG C is 1 ~ 5mm
2/ s.
The base number scope of described calcium sulfenyl phenolate is 250 ~ 300mgKOH/g.
Described lubricating oil additive is selected from rust-preventive agent, removes clouding agent, one or several mixture in emulsion splitter, metal passivator, friction modifiers, pour point depressor, defoamer, cosolvent, corrosion inhibitor, dyestuff, extreme pressure agent.
beneficial effect
The lubricating oil being applied to natural gas engine of the present invention, there is better oxidation-resistance and anti-nitrated property, add sorbitan monooleate and cocoanut fatty acid diethanolamide in lubricating oil, produce synergy, make lubricating oil operationally have better properties.
Embodiment
Provided by the invention for mainly including in the lubricating oil of natural gas engine: base oil by weight 100 ~ 150 parts, epoxidised soybean oil 5 ~ 10 parts, 3 ~ 5 parts, alpha-oxidation alkene, hydrogenated castor oil 5 ~ 10 parts, dibutyl succinate 1 ~ 2 part, sorbitan monooleate 0.3 ~ 1 part, calcium sulfenyl phenolate 0.4 ~ 0.6 part, cocoanut fatty acid diethanolamide 0.2 ~ 0.4 part, lubricating oil additive 2 ~ 6 parts.
Adding of sorbitan monooleate
As the lubricant base used in lubricating oil composition of the present invention, if by the mineral oils base oil that uses and/or synthesis class base oil in common lubricating oil, just can use without particular limitation.As mineral oils base oil, the oily lubricating oil distillate obtained through underpressure distillation of the atmospheric residuum obtained by air distillation crude oil can be illustrated particularly and carry out the process of the solvent removal, solvent extraction, hydrogenative decomposition, solvent dewaxing, hydrofinishing etc. of more than 1 and refine the highly finished product or wax isomerization mineral wet goods that obtain.As synthesis class base oil, polybutene or its hydride can be illustrated particularly; Poly-alpha olefins or its hydride such as 1-octene oligomers, 1-decene oligopolymer; The diester such as double tridecyl glutarate, two-2-ethyl hexyl adipate, diiso decyl adipic acid ester, ditridecyl adipate, two-2-ethylhexyl sebates; The polyol esters such as trimethylolpropane caprylate, TriMethylolPropane(TMP) pelargonate, tetramethylolmethane-2-ethylhexanoate, tetramethylolmethane pelargonate; The multipolymer of the alpha-olefin of the omega-dicarboxylic acids such as dibutyl maleinate and carbonatoms 2 ~ 30; Fragrant same clan synthetic oil or their mixtures etc. such as alkylnaphthalene, alkylbenzene, aromatic ester.
Natural gas engine lubricating oil compositons can also containing for providing other conventional additives of subsidiary function to be dispersed or dissolved in finished product natural gas engine lubricating oil compositons wherein to produce these additives.Such as, natural gas engine lubricating oil compositons and following material can be concocted: rust-preventive agent, remove clouding agent, emulsion splitter, metal passivator, friction modifiers, pour point depressor, defoamer, cosolvent, corrosion inhibitor, dyestuff, extreme pressure agent and their analogue and mixture.Various additive is known and commercially available.These additives or their similar compound is used to prepare natural gas engine lubricating oil compositons of the present invention by general blending method.
The example of rust-preventive agent includes but not limited to non-ionic polyoxyethylene reagent, such as Brij30, polyoxyethylene higher alcohol ether, ethylene nonyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ether, the hard ester group ether of polyoxethylene octylphenyl, polyoxyethylene oleyl ether, polyoxyethylene sorbitol monostearate, polyoxyethylene 80 sorbitan monooleate and polyethylene glycol monooleate; Stearic acid and other lipid acid; Dicarboxylic acid; Metallic soap; Lipid acid amine salt; The metal-salt of heavy sulfonic acid; The inclined carboxylicesters of polyhydroxy-alcohol; Phosphoric acid ester; (short chain) alkenyl succinic acid; Its partial ester and nitrogen containing derivative thereof; The alkylaryl sulfonate such as dinonylnaphthalene sulfonic acid metal-salt of synthesis; And their analogue and mixture.
The example of corrosion inhibitor includes but not limited to the half ester of dodecyl succinate or acid amides, phosphoric acid ester, thiophosphatephosphorothioate, alkyl imidazoline, sarkosine etc. and their composition.The amount of corrosion inhibitor can be about 5wt.% for about 0.01wt.%-.
The example of defoamer includes but not limited to the polymkeric substance of alkyl methacrylate; The polymkeric substance of dimethyl siloxane and analogue thereof and mixture.
The example of pour point depressant includes but not limited to polymethacrylate, acrylate polymers, methacrylate polymer, two (four paraffinic hydrocarbons phenol) phthalic ester, the condenses of four paraffinic hydrocarbons phenol, the condenses of chloroalkane hydrocarbon and naphthalene and their combination.In one embodiment, pour point depressant comprises condenses, alkyl styrenes etc. and their composition of vinyl-vinyl acetate copolymer, chloroalkane hydrocarbon and phenol.The amount of pour point depressant can be about 10wt.% for about 0.01wt.%-.
The example of emulsion splitter includes but not limited to anion surfactant (such as alkyl-naphthalenesulfonate salts, alkylbenzene sulfonate etc.), Nonionic alkoxylated alkyl phenol resin, polymkeric substance (the such as polyethylene oxide of oxirane, poly(propylene oxide), the segmented copolymer etc. of oxyethane, propylene oxide), the ester of oil-soluble acid, polyoxyethylene sorbitan esters etc. and their composition.The amount of emulsion splitter can be about 10wt.% for about 0.01wt.%-.
The example of friction modifiers includes but not limited to oxyalkylated aliphatic amide; The fat epoxide of borated; Fatty phosphites, fat epoxide, aliphatic amide, the alkoxylated fats amine of borated, the metal-salt of lipid acid, fatty acid amide, glyceryl ester, the glyceryl ester of borated; Friction modifiers by C4 ~ C75, preferred C6 ~ C24, most preferably C6 ~ C20 fatty acid ester be selected from ammonia, the reaction product of nitrogenous compound of alkanolamine and their analogue and mixture obtains.
The example of defoamer includes but not limited to the polymkeric substance of alkyl methacrylate; The polymkeric substance of dimethyl siloxane and analogue thereof and mixture.
The example of extreme pressure agent includes but not limited to the animal or plant fat or oily of sulfuration, the animal or plant fatty acid ester of sulfuration, the ester of the trivalent of phosphorus or the esterification wholly or in part of pentahydric acid, olefine sulfide, dihydrocarbyl polysulfide, the Diels-Alder adducts of sulfuration, the Dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) of sulfuration, the sulfuration of fatty acid ester and cholesterol alkene or the mixture of covulcanization, lipid acid, the covulcanization concoction of fatty acid ester and alhpa olefin, the dihydrocarbyl polysulfide that functionality replaces, sulfo-aldehyde, sulfo-ketone, episulfide compounds, the acetal derivatives of sulfur-bearing, the covulcanization concoction of terpenes and acyclic olefin, polysulfide olefin product, the amine salt of phosphoric acid ester or thiophosphatephosphorothioate etc. and their composition.The amount of extreme pressure agent can be about 5wt.% for about 0.01wt.%-.
Often kind of aforementioned additive is use with function significant quantity to give lubricant desired properties in use.Therefore, such as, if additive is friction modifiers, then the function significant quantity of this friction modifiers will be the amount being enough to give friction modified characteristic needed for lubricant.Usually, the respective in use concentration of these additives is about 0.001wt% ~ about 20wt% based on natural gas engine lubricating oil compositons total weight, and is about 0.01wt% ~ about 10wt% in one embodiment.
Embodiment 1
1st step: by weight, the kinematic viscosity be taken at 100 DEG C is 1 ~ 5mm
2100 parts, the mineral oil of/s, epoxidised soybean oil 5 parts, 3 parts, alpha-oxidation alkene, after mixing, heat and the insulation that refluxes, Heating temperature 40 DEG C, and backflow insulation 1 hour, lets cool;
2nd step: in the mixture prepared in the 1st step, add hydrogenated castor oil 5 parts again, dibutyl succinate 1 part, sorbitan monooleate 0.3 part, base number scope is the calcium sulfenyl phenolate 0.4 part of 250 ~ 300mgKOH/g, cocoanut fatty acid diethanolamide 0.2 part, rust-preventive agent 0.1 part, remove clouding agent 0.2 part, emulsion splitter 0.1 part, metal passivator 0.3 part, friction modifiers 0.1 part, pour point depressor 0.4 part, defoamer 0.2 part, cosolvent 0.2 part, corrosion inhibitor 0.2 part, dyestuff 0.2 part, extreme pressure agent 0.2 part, mix, heat and the insulation that refluxes, Heating temperature 50 DEG C, backflow insulation 2 hours, let cool, .
Embodiment 2
1st step: by weight, the kinematic viscosity be taken at 100 DEG C is 1 ~ 5mm
2150 parts, the mineral oil of/s, epoxidised soybean oil 10 parts, 5 parts, alpha-oxidation alkene, after mixing, heat and the insulation that refluxes, Heating temperature 60 DEG C, and backflow insulation 2 hours, lets cool;
2nd step: in the mixture prepared in the 1st step, add hydrogenated castor oil 10 parts again, dibutyl succinate 2 parts, sorbitan monooleate 1 part, base number scope is the calcium sulfenyl phenolate 0.6 part of 250 ~ 300mgKOH/g, cocoanut fatty acid diethanolamide 0.4 part, rust-preventive agent 0.1 part, remove clouding agent 0.2 part, emulsion splitter 0.1 part, metal passivator 0.3 part, friction modifiers 0.1 part, pour point depressor 0.4 part, defoamer 0.2 part, cosolvent 0.2 part, corrosion inhibitor 0.2 part, dyestuff 0.2 part, extreme pressure agent 0.2 part, mix, heat and the insulation that refluxes, Heating temperature 60 DEG C, backflow insulation 4 hours, let cool, .
Embodiment 3
1st step: by weight, the kinematic viscosity be taken at 100 DEG C is 1 ~ 5mm
2120 parts, the mineral oil of/s, epoxidised soybean oil 8 parts, 4 parts, alpha-oxidation alkene, after mixing, heat and the insulation that refluxes, Heating temperature 50 DEG C, and backflow insulation 2 hours, lets cool;
2nd step: in the mixture prepared in the 1st step, add hydrogenated castor oil 8 parts again, dibutyl succinate 2 parts, sorbitan monooleate 0.5 part, base number scope is the calcium sulfenyl phenolate 0.5 part of 250 ~ 300mgKOH/g, cocoanut fatty acid diethanolamide 0.3 part, rust-preventive agent 0.1 part, remove clouding agent 0.2 part, emulsion splitter 0.1 part, metal passivator 0.3 part, friction modifiers 0.1 part, pour point depressor 0.4 part, defoamer 0.2 part, cosolvent 0.2 part, corrosion inhibitor 0.2 part, dyestuff 0.2 part, extreme pressure agent 0.2 part, mix, heat and the insulation that refluxes, Heating temperature 55 DEG C, backflow insulation 3 hours, let cool, .
Reference examples 1
Be with the difference of embodiment 3: do not add sorbitan monooleate.
1st step: by weight, the kinematic viscosity be taken at 100 DEG C is 1 ~ 5mm
2120 parts, the mineral oil of/s, epoxidised soybean oil 8 parts, 4 parts, alpha-oxidation alkene, after mixing, heat and the insulation that refluxes, Heating temperature 50 DEG C, and backflow insulation 2 hours, lets cool;
2nd step: in the mixture prepared in the 1st step, add hydrogenated castor oil 8 parts again, dibutyl succinate 2 parts, base number scope is the calcium sulfenyl phenolate 0.5 part of 250 ~ 300mgKOH/g, cocoanut fatty acid diethanolamide 0.3 part, rust-preventive agent 0.1 part, remove clouding agent 0.2 part, emulsion splitter 0.1 part, metal passivator 0.3 part, friction modifiers 0.1 part, pour point depressor 0.4 part, defoamer 0.2 part, cosolvent 0.2 part, corrosion inhibitor 0.2 part, dyestuff 0.2 part, extreme pressure agent 0.2 part, mix, heat and the insulation that refluxes, Heating temperature 55 DEG C, backflow insulation 3 hours, let cool, .
Reference examples 2
Be with the difference of embodiment 3: do not add cocoanut fatty acid diethanolamide.
1st step: by weight, the kinematic viscosity be taken at 100 DEG C is 1 ~ 5mm
2120 parts, the mineral oil of/s, epoxidised soybean oil 8 parts, 4 parts, alpha-oxidation alkene, after mixing, heat and the insulation that refluxes, Heating temperature 50 DEG C, and backflow insulation 2 hours, lets cool;
2nd step: in the mixture prepared in the 1st step, add hydrogenated castor oil 8 parts again, dibutyl succinate 2 parts, sorbitan monooleate 0.5 part, base number scope is the calcium sulfenyl phenolate 0.5 part of 250 ~ 300mgKOH/g, rust-preventive agent 0.1 part, remove clouding agent 0.2 part, emulsion splitter 0.1 part, metal passivator 0.3 part, friction modifiers 0.1 part, pour point depressor 0.4 part, defoamer 0.2 part, cosolvent 0.2 part, corrosion inhibitor 0.2 part, dyestuff 0.2 part, extreme pressure agent 0.2 part, mix, heat and the insulation that refluxes, Heating temperature 55 DEG C, backflow insulation 3 hours, let cool, .
Detection method:
100 DEG C of kinematic viscosities are measured according to GB/T265 " petroleum products kinematic viscosity assay method ";
Flash-point is measured according to GB/T3536 " Flash Point for Petroleum Products and determination of ignition point method (Cleveland opening agar diffusion method) ";
Pour point is measured according to GB/T3535 " petroleum sneeze-point assay method ";
Coking amount is measured according to SH/T0300 " crankcase simulated determination method (QZX method) ";
SH/T0251 " petroleum products base number assay method (perchloric acid potentiometric titration) " measures base number;
GB/T12583 and SH/T0189 " four-ball tester supporting capacity assay method " measures PB value and grinding defect diameter;
ASTMD6595 " used-oil or with hydraulic efficiency oil wear metal Contaminant measurement method (atomic emission spectrometry) " measures Zn content and phosphorus content;
GB/T2433-2001 " additive and doped lubricating oil sulfated ash assay method " measures the sulfated ash in oil product;
Viscosity velocity of variation (calculation formula [(old oily 100 DEG C of kinematic viscosity-fresh oils 100 DEG C of kinematic viscosities)/fresh oil 100 DEG C of kinematic viscosities] × 100% of viscosity velocity of variation).
1, physicochemical property test
As can be seen from the above table:
(1) lubricating oil of the present invention has better viscosity index, viscosity velocity of variation, pour point, flash-point index, shows that lubricating oil of the present invention has good thermal adaptation performance and high temperature safety and low-temperature fluidity;
(2) after oil crankcase simulated experiment of the present invention, coking amount is little, particularly embodiment 3 is compared with reference examples 1, add sorbitan monooleate, coking amount is reduced, illustrates that adding sorbitan monooleate can make the better high-temperature oxidation resistant of lubricating oil and detergent-dispersant performance;
(3) P of lubricating oil of the present invention
bvalue is large, grinding defect diameter is little, and particularly embodiment 3 is compared with reference examples 2, adds cocoanut fatty acid diethanolamide, illustrates that adding cocoanut fatty acid diethanolamide can make lubricating oil have better extreme pressure property and wear resistance.
2, road test
In order to investigate lubricating oil of the present invention performance in actual use further, the cognation that inspection simulation test and road travel are tested, change on the close long-distance bus car of situation carried out road test at two chassis conditions, engine, two chassis employ comings B5.9-230G natural gas engine; Test fuel is compressed natural gas (CNG), has carried out assay after off-test to the oil sample of two cars.During test, first hot car puts the engine oil of clean selected vehicle, changes lubricating oil of the present invention or reference oil, then pilots engine, flame-out after 20 minutes at engine idling operation, again puts clean engine oil.After changing air filter and oil filter, reload lubricating oil and start to test.
Long-distance bus car owner the motorway between local and contiguous city will carry out carrying operation, about 25000 kilometers of end, with oil scale sampling, and detect oil plant.
Detect data
As can be seen from the above table, embodiment 3 is relative to reference examples 1, the decline degree of the kinematic viscosity of engine oil is little, and the kinematic viscosity of engine oil is the important indicator affecting engine lubrication, the feature of the high-temperature oxidation resistance of engine oil mainly characterizes with its viscosity intensity of variation, so, sorbitan monooleate add the high-temperature oxidation resistance that effectively can improve engine motor oil.
Embodiment 3 is relative to reference examples 2, and the amount of n-pentane insoluble substance obviously reduces, and owing to adding cocoanut fatty acid diethanolamide in embodiment 3, can improve wear resistance when working under the high temperature conditions significantly.