CN105296024B - A kind of multifunctional diesel oil cetane number improver and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of multifunctional diesel oil cetane number improver and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105296024B CN105296024B CN201510802261.XA CN201510802261A CN105296024B CN 105296024 B CN105296024 B CN 105296024B CN 201510802261 A CN201510802261 A CN 201510802261A CN 105296024 B CN105296024 B CN 105296024B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- hydrocarbon
- bromo
- cetane number
- added
- number improver
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/185—Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Aldehydes; Ketones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/19—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/23—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one nitrogen-to-oxygen bond, e.g. nitro-compounds, nitrates, nitrites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/12—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for improving the cetane number
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of multifunctional diesel oil cetane number improver, the present invention relates to a kind of diesel fuel additives, relates in particular to synthesis and its compounding of a kind of hydrocarbon as diesel cetane-number improver and antioxidant.A kind of technique of present invention offer is simple, lower-cost lycopene hydrocarbon preparation method.Described multifunctional diesel oil cetane number improver includes following component：Hydrocarbon 1 20%, traditional cetane number improver 80 99%.Present composition advantage is：1) synthesis technique is simple and safe；2) product color is shallow, stability is high；3) compounding effect is good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of diesel fuel additives, relate in particular to a kind of as diesel cetane-number improver and antioxygen
The synthesis of the hydrocarbon of agent and its compounding.
Technical background
Cetane number is an important quality index for representing diesel combustion performance and the capability of antidetonance, and its size is to engine
Cold start, pollutant emission, fuel consumption and operating noise etc. all have a major impact.To a certain extent, the Cetane number of diesel oil
Higher, its delay period is just shorter, and the temperature of diesel oil spontaneous combustion is just lower, and the combustibility of diesel oil is just better.The delay period of diesel oil is long,
The diesel oil that cylinder is sprayed into before stagnant combustion is just more, and massive diesel-fuel burns simultaneously during spontaneous combustion, causes inner pressure of air cylinder temperature increased dramatically,
Occur tapping the phenomenons such as cylinder, engine overheat, that is, produce pinking.The CN of China's national Specification derv fuel is not less than
49.Current global crude oil reserved resources day are becoming tight, and heaviness trend is increasingly severe, causes the property of oil product to become
Change, the yield of straight-run diesel oil is reduced.In this case, each oil plant generally uses catalytic cracking secondary operation technique to improve
The yield of light oil, but it is low with the diesel cetane-number of this technique productions, and stability is poor.Therefore, the hexadecane of diesel oil is improved
Value is one of urgent problem to be solved.
Improving Cetane number at present mainly has following three kinds of methods：1) low-cetane diesel oil makes with straight-run diesel oil allotment
With.The problem of the method, is the limits throughput of straight-run diesel oil.2) the 16 of diesel oil is improved with the method for solvent extraction and hydrogenation
Alkane value.This method is costly, and cost is higher.3) cetane number improver is added.This method has that cost is low, technique is simple
Advantage, is the most easily and economically effective method for improving diesel cetane-number.
The research of cetane number improver starts from the thirties.More at present to use Alkyl nitrate, such as ethyl is public
The DII22 and DII23 of department, the ECA28478 of Exxon Neftegas Limited and Associated Octel companies of Britain CI-
20801.Development of the China to diesel cetane-number improver is started late, and the product of exploitation mainly has amyl nitrate and nitric acid pungent
Ester.Because Alkyl nitrate manufacturing condition is very harsh, equipment corrosion is serious, and can produce substantial amounts of NOx during burning, dirty
Environment is contaminated, unazotized cetane number improver type is increasingly paid close attention to by users in recent years.
Unazotized cetane number improver is only made up of tri- kinds of elements of C, H, O, and combustion product only has CO2And H2O, is being carried
Diesel combustion can be promoted to reduce while high cetane number granular material discharged, the requirement and development for meeting environmental friendly product become
Gesture, thus be the emphasis of cetane number improver exploitation from now on.Unazotized cetane number improver is with organic peroxide class
It is most commonly seen with ester type compound.Organic peroxide class modifier has tert-butyl peroxide, di-tert-butyl peroxide, third
Ketone peroxide etc..This kind of compound less stable, easily decomposes and produces free radical, so as to can increase diesel oil destabilizing factor
Plus, it is less at present to use.
Esters cetane number improver can not only improve Cetane number, the low temperature flow of diesel oil be kept, while to bavin
Phenomenon of phase separation present in oil also functions to certain inhibitory action.Representational product is oxalic acid ester, its mesoxalic acid two
Industrialization has been realized in the synthesis of isobutyl ester and diisopentyl oxalate.Simple production process safety, the original of oxalic acid ester modifier
Material source is wide, cost price is low, pollution is small, but Cetane number improvement effect is not as Alkyl nitrate class and peroxide improvement
Agent, addition big (1-10%), cost performance are relatively low.
A kind of effective way for improving cetane number improver performance is to compound different types of cetane number improver.
For example, according to patent US4448587, when adding 0.15wt% isooctyl ester nitrate in diesel oil, plus agent diesel oil hexadecane
Value can be lifted to 41.7 from 37.2.And use what is compounded by 50%2- ethoxyethyl groups nitrate and 50% isooctyl ester nitrate instead
Cetane number improver, addition is that 0.11wt% can be such that Cetane number is improved by 37.2 to 41.5.Improving identical 16
In the case of alkane value amplitude, the consumption of mixed ester reduces 26% than the consumption of isooctyl ester nitrate is used alone, and shows 2- ethoxies
Base acetyl nitrate ester and isooctyl ester nitrate mixture have obvious cooperative effect to diesel cetane-number improvement effect, drop significantly
Low cetane number improver use cost.
The A2 of patent WO 03/104360 extract beta carotene and carotenoid from plant and improved as Cetane number
Agent, the cetane number improver that such a method is obtained burns without NOxProduce, with environment-friendly advantage.More importantly it is with other
Cetane number improver is compounded, with good synergy.But this kind of modifier has following problem：1) no matter carried from plant
Take or chemical synthesis, cost is all very high；2) due to having long conjugation chain structure in molecular structure, easy oxidation by air is led to
Stabilizer or blanketing with inert gas need to be often added, in-convenience in use, and the addition of excessive stabilizer (antioxidant) can be to diesel oil
Combustion process has a negative impact；3) color is deep, influences diesel oil condition.
In recent years, the exploitation of colorless carotenoid is increasingly becoming the new focus in Industry research field, and this is primarily due to it
Require to keep the field of product primary colors to have great application prospect in cosmetics etc. as antioxidant.It is worth mentioning
It is that general carotenoid is very sensitive for light and air, is easily lost in, but the stability and antioxygen of colorless carotenoid
Change effect and be better than general carotenoid.For these reasons, colourless or light carotenoid is used as improving diesel fuel cetane
The great prospect of multifunction additive of value and antioxidant.
Typical colourless or light carotenoids have phytofluene and phytoene.They are because of molecular skeleton
In shorter conjugate double bond system be presented colourless or light yellow.As other long conjugated chain carotenoid, six (eight) hydrogen tomatoes
The structure of red pigment allows them to absorb ultraviolet light and can be quenched because of the free radical that ultraviolet light is produced.Except passing through physics mode
Quenching singlet oxygen catches peroxylradicals, and they can also be by eliminating oxidation with the active oxygen of other forms chemical reaction
Free radical.
The Development and Production mode of current six (eight) hydrogen lycopene is mainly plant extract.This method limits throughput, into
This is very high.The method advantage of chemical synthesis process is that yield is high, and cost is low, in the product without pure natural addictive such as fuel oil
Middle very advantageous.J.B.Davis et al. once using chemical synthesis method prepare lycopene (J.Chem.Soc.C., 1966,
2154), wherein synthesis phytofluene has 12 steps, total recovery is low, also needs to use some expensive or dangerous examinations in synthesis
Agent, thus the synthesis technique is not the economically viable effective way for preparing phytofluene.But believe with synthesis and
The continuous improvement of purifying process, colourless made from chemical synthesis or light carotenoid, quality is approached or reached pure completely
Natural prodcuts level, is used widely in every profession and trade.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of technique is simple, lower-cost tomato red
The preparation method of plain hydrocarbon.Products obtained therefrom lighter color, stability are high, with traditional Alkyl nitrate and (or) oxalic acid
Ester, which carries out compounding, need not add stabilizer, and synergy substantially, can significantly improve the Cetane number and antioxidant of diesel oil.
A kind of multifunctional diesel oil cetane number improver that the present invention is provided includes following components by weight percent：
Hydrocarbon 1-20%
Traditional cetane number improver 80-99%.
It is preferred that, described modifier includes following components by weight percent：
Hydrocarbon 1-5%
Traditional cetane number improver 95-99%.
Described traditional cetane number improver is one or more kinds of mixtures of Alkyl nitrate and oxalate.
Described Alkyl nitrate is that nitric acid N-butyl, isobutyl nitrate, amyl nitrate, cyclohexyl nitrate, nitric acid are different pungent
One or more kinds of mixtures of ester.
Described oxalate be dibutyl oxalate, di-isobutyl oxalate, diisopentyl oxalate it is one or more kinds of
Mixture.
Described hydrocarbon is one or more kinds of mixtures of the compound with following I or II structures：
The hydrocarbon is synthesized by the following method：
A) hydrocarbon I
The difficult point for synthesizing phytofluene is that (see formula III, C12-C13 keys are unsaturated to the dissymmetrical structure of its molecule
Key, and C12 '-C13 ' keys are saturated bonds).Research shows that the antioxygen and Cetane number of lycopene improve performance and depended primarily on
Conjugated double bond length in molecular skeleton.It is thus possible to consider a unconjugated double bond construction unit of the right-hand member of reduction formula III, make
The unconjugated double bond number at molecule two ends is consistent, symmetrical configuration, so as to reduce the difficulty of synthesis.
, can be by the carbon bisphosphate of a molecule five and two points because respectively there are two unconjugated double bonds at modified structural formula two ends
Sub- aldehyde is formed through Wittig-Horner condensations.Reaction equation is as follows：
Specific synthesis step is as follows：
Linalool (or nerolidol), pyridine and solvent petroleum ether, N are added in the reaction bulb with stirring2Protection,
In phosphorus tribromide is added dropwise at -10 DEG C, phosphorus tribromide and linalool (or nerolidol), the mol ratio of pyridine are 1:2:1.In the temperature
Continue to stir 6-10h, preferably 8h under degree, then extract, be washed to neutrality, dry, filter, last vacuum rotary steam removes solvent, obtains bromine
It is standby for hydrocarbon；Potassium hydroxide, nitropropane and solvent isopropanol are added in another reaction bulb, 10-60min is stirred, preferably
30min, is added dropwise bromo-hydrocarbons, bromo-hydrocarbons and nitropropane, the mol ratio of potassium hydroxide are 1:2:2.3-5h is reacted under normal temperature again, it is excellent
4h is selected, by extracting, being washed to neutral, dry, filtering, last vacuum rotary steam obtains aldehyde except solvent, standby；
- 25 DEG C of brominations of isoprene obtain the bromo- 2- methyl-2-butenes of Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-two, standby；Phosphorous is added in another reaction bulb
Triethylenetetraminehexaacetic acid ester, leads to N2, 120 DEG C are warming up to, the bromo- 2- methyl-2-butenes of Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-two are added dropwise, triethyl phosphite is bromo- with Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-two
The mol ratio of 2- methyl-2-butenes is 3:1, condensation reaction 7-9h, preferably 8h, then vacuum distillation is except excessive phosphorous triethylenetetraminehexaacetic acid
Ester, obtains bisphosphate, standby；
Standby bisphosphate, alkali and solvents tetrahydrofurane (THF) are added in four mouthfuls of reaction bulbs, is stirred, at -5 DEG C
Plus standby aldehyde, the mol ratio of bisphosphate, alkali and aldehyde is 1:2.5:2.5, constant temperature stirring 7-9h, preferably 8h, wash, dry,
Column chromatography purifying produces hydrocarbon I.Alkali used in above-mentioned institute's technique is one in n-BuLi, potassium tert-butoxide, sodium methoxide
Kind.
B) hydrocarbon II
Reaction equation is as follows：
Specific synthesis step is as follows：
Linalool (or nerolidol) and aluminium isopropoxide are added in the reaction bulb with stirring, leads to N2, it is heated to 150
DEG C, methyl acetoacetate is added dropwise, the mol ratio of wherein linalool (or nerolidol) and methyl acetoacetate, aluminium isopropoxide is 1:
1.1:0.05.3h is reacted at 180 DEG C, then vacuum distillation obtains ketone except excessive methyl acetoacetate, standby.
Triethyl phosphite is added in four-hole boiling flask, leads to N2, 120 DEG C are warming up to, the bromo- 2- butylene of Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-two is added dropwise, it is sub-
The mol ratio of triethyl phosphate and the bromo- 2- butylene of 1,4- bis- is 3:1, condensation reaction 6-10h, preferably 8h, then vacuum distillation are removed
Excessive triethyl phosphite, obtains bisphosphate, standby；
Standby bisphosphate, alkali and solvent THF are added in four mouthfuls of reaction bulbs, is added dropwise under -5 DEG C and stirring condition standby
The mol ratio of ketone, wherein bisphosphate, alkali and ketone is 1:2.5:2.5, constant temperature stirring 6-10h, preferably 8h, then wash, do
Dry, filtering, column chromatography purifying, obtain hydrocarbon II.Alkali used in above-mentioned institute's technique is n-BuLi, potassium tert-butoxide, first
One kind in sodium alkoxide.
A kind of preparation method of multifunctional diesel oil cetane number improver of the present invention, is hydrocarbonization for obtaining above-mentioned synthesis
Compound and traditional cetane number improver mix stirring at normal temperature 0.5-1 hours in following ratio, get product.
Hydrocarbon 1-20%
Traditional cetane number improver 80-99%.
It is preferred that ratio be：
Hydrocarbon 1-5%
Traditional cetane number improver 95-99%.
Present composition advantage is：
1) synthesis technique is simple and safe, raw material sources are wide, cost is low, product quality is stable, pollute small, suitable for extensive work
Industry metaplasia is produced and applied；
2) product color is shallow, stability is high, when using need not plus stabilizer；
3) compounding effect is good.Hydrocarbon of the present invention and alkyl nitrate, oxalate ternary built, plus dosage are rear two
Person is single or 50-60% of binary built thing is that can reach identical Cetane number increase rate, reduces oxalate and synthesis bar
Part is harsh, dangerous high Alkyl nitrate consumption, reduces diesel production cost, and can reduce the row of tail gas nitrogen oxide
Put, so as to realize the economic doulbe-sides' victory with environmental protection.
4) hydrocarbon of the present invention is a kind of antioxidant in itself, adds (especially domestic catalytic cracking bavin after diesel oil
Oil), diesel oil storage stability can be improved, suppresses the generation of wherein colloid, the longevity is used to reducing carbonizing of engine, extension engine
Life, raising diesel oil economy, reduction oil consumption, improvement exhaust emissions have highly important meaning.
With reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described.But the technology contents described in the present embodiment are to say
Bright property, rather than it is limited, protection scope of the present invention should not be limited to according to this.
Embodiment：
Embodiment 1 (hydrocarbon I synthesis)
38.6g linalools, 9.9g pyridine and 150ml petroleum ethers, N are added in four-hole boiling flask2Protection, stirring, uses ice
Salt bath is cooled to -10 DEG C, and 33.83g phosphorus tribromides, then constant temperature stirring 8h is added dropwise.After reaction terminates, saturated aqueous common salt and just is added
Hexane, extracts, is washed to neutrality, then with anhydrous sodium sulfate drying, filtering, finally depressurizes rotary evaporation except solvent obtains bromo
Hydrocarbon, it is standby；In another four-hole boiling flask add 16.8g potassium hydroxide, with a small amount of water dissolve, add 100ml isopropanols and
After 26.73g nitropropane, stirring 30min, it is added dropwise under the standby bromo-hydrocarbons of 0.15mol, normal temperature and reacts 4h, after reaction terminates,
Saturated aqueous common salt and n-hexane are added, extracts, be washed to neutrality, then with anhydrous sodium sulfate drying, filtering, finally decompression rotation
Evaporation obtains aldehyde except solvent, standby.
- 25 DEG C of brominations of isoprene obtain the bromo- 2- methyl-2-butenes of Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-two, standby；50g is added in four-hole boiling flask
Triethyl phosphite, leads to N2, stir, be warming up to 120 DEG C, the standby bromo- 2- methyl-2-butenes of Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-two of 21.4g, condensation is added dropwise
8h, after reaction terminates, vacuum distillation obtains bisphosphate except excessive triethyl phosphite, standby.
9.95g standby bisphosphate and 150ml THF are added in four-hole boiling flask, uncle 8.4g is added portionwise at 0 DEG C
Butanol potassium, stirring, is cooled to -5 DEG C, is added dropwise after the standby aldehyde of 0.075mol, constant temperature stirring 8h, washing, dries, to cross silicagel column pure
Change, obtain light yellow hydrocarbon Ia.
According to above-mentioned process route, reaction reagent, product yield such as following table are made with different alcohol and alkali：
The different synthesis condition hydrocarbon Ia and Ib of table 1 yield contrast
From table in terms of data, no matter linalool or nerolidol, n-BuLi effect is poor, and potassium tert-butoxide and methanol
Quite, with reference to cost consideration, sodium methoxide is optimum reagent to sodium yield.
Embodiment 2 (hydrocarbon II synthesis)
38.6g linalools and 2.55g aluminium isopropoxides are added in three-necked flask, leads to nitrogen, stirring is warming up to 150 DEG C, drop
Plus 31.93g methyl acetoacetates, 3h is reacted at 180 DEG C, after reaction terminates, vacuum distillation removes excessive methyl acetoacetate,
Ketone is obtained, it is standby.
50g triethyl phosphites are added in four-hole boiling flask, lead to nitrogen, stirring is warming up to 120 DEG C, 21.4g 1 is added dropwise,
The bromo- 2- butylene of 4- bis-, is condensed 8h, and after reaction terminates, vacuum distillation obtains bisphosphate except excessive triethyl phosphite, standby
With.
9.95g standby bisphosphate and 150ml THF are added in four-hole boiling flask, uncle 8.4g is added portionwise at 0 DEG C
Butanol potassium, stirring, ice salt bath is cooled to -5 DEG C, is added dropwise after the standby ketone of 0.075mol, constant temperature stirring 8h, washing is dried, crosses silicon
Glue post is purified, and obtains colourless hydrocarbon IIa.
According to above-mentioned process route, reaction reagent, product yield such as following table are made with different alcohol and alkali：
The different synthesis condition hydrocarbon IIa and IIb of table 2 yield contrast
From table in terms of data, no matter linalool or nerolidol, sodium methoxide effect is poor, and n-BuLi and the tert-butyl alcohol
Quite, with reference to cost and security consideration, potassium tert-butoxide is optimum reagent to potassium yield.
Embodiment 3 (compounding and evaluation)
Hydrocarbon Ia, Ib, IIa, the IIb prepared with above-described embodiment and traditional cetane number improver alkyl nitre
Acid esters and oxalate mix compounding in proportion, in the diesel oil for being then added to the production of North China refinery, according to ASTM
D6890 methods determine the CN for adding agent diesel oil, carry out diesel cetane-number improvement effect contrast.
Influence of the composition hydrocarbons content of table 3 to raising Cetane number
| Sample | CN |
| 0.1% cyclohexyl nitrate | 45.0 |
| 0.099% cyclohexyl nitrate+0.001%Ia | 46.7 |
| 0.098% cyclohexyl nitrate+0.002%Ia | 47.8 |
| 0.095% cyclohexyl nitrate+0.005%Ia | 48.1 |
| 0.09% cyclohexyl nitrate+0.01%Ia | 48.5 |
| 0.08% cyclohexyl nitrate+0.02%Ia | 48.8 |
As can be known from the table data, 1) hydrocarbon has synergy with cyclohexyl nitrate；2) with hydrocarbonization in composition
The increase of compound content, synergy enhancing；3) Cetane number is lifted comparatively fast when composition hydrocarbons content is relatively low, is more than
Lifted after 5% slack-off, it is considered to cost factor, the optimum content of hydrocarbon in the composition is 5% (following sample hydrocarbonization
Compound is added by this content).
Influence of the different hydrocarbon of table 4 to raising Cetane number
| Sample | CN |
| Blank diesel oil | 42.1 |
| 0.1% isooctyl ester nitrate | 46.3 |
| 0.095% isooctyl ester nitrate+0.005%Ia | 48.6 |
| 0.095% isooctyl ester nitrate+0.005%Ib | 49.0 |
| 0.095% isooctyl ester nitrate+0.005%IIa | 48.0 |
| 0.095% isooctyl ester nitrate+0.005%IIb | 48.2 |
As can be seen from the table, the compounding effect of Ib and Alkyl nitrate preferably (following sample component nytron
Thing selects Ib).
Influence of the hydrocarbon of table 4 from different traditional cetane number improver compoundings to raising Cetane number
| — | Dibutyl oxalate | Di-isobutyl oxalate | Diisopentyl oxalate | |
| — | — | 47.9 | 48.0 | 48.5 |
| Nitric acid N-butyl | 48.7 | 49.3 | 49.0 | 49.6 |
| Isobutyl nitrate | 48.1 | 49.0 | 48.4 | 49.7 |
| Amyl nitrate | 48.2 | 49.3 | 49.2 | 49.5 |
| Cyclohexyl nitrate | 48.5 | 49.5 | 49.6 | 49.3 |
| Isooctyl ester nitrate | 49.0 | 49.3 | 49.9 | 50.1 |
Note：When hydrocarbon Ib and Alkyl nitrate are compounded, Ib's plus dosage be 0.005%, Alkyl nitrate plus
Dosage is 0.095%；When hydrocarbon Ib is compounded with oxalate, Ib's adds dosage to be 0.05%, and the dosage that adds of oxalate is
0.95%；When Ib is with Alkyl nitrate, oxalate ternary built, Ib's adds dosage to be 0.0275%, the addition of Alkyl nitrate
Measure as 0.0475%, oxalate plus dosage be 0.475%.
From data as can be seen that hydrocarbon of the present invention has good cooperate with all kinds of Alkyl nitrates, oxalate
Effect is best when effect, wherein ternary built.
Table 5
From data as can be seen that when isooctyl ester nitrate, diisopentyl oxalate binary built, synergy is general；And it is hydrocarbon
When compound Ib is with isooctyl ester nitrate, diisopentyl oxalate ternary built, 50-60% consumptions are only needed to can reach both rear single
Or the effect of two-spot compounding, with very high cost performance.
In addition after tested, the oxidation stability of above-mentioned plus agent diesel oil is improved to some extent, and illustrates that this compounding is added
Agent has the effect for improving diesel oil antioxidant concurrently.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of multifunctional diesel oil cetane number improver, it is characterised in that described modifier includes following components by weight percent：
Hydrocarbon 1-20%
Traditional cetane number improver 80-99%；
Described hydrocarbon is one or more kinds of mixtures of the compound with following I or II structures：
Hydrocarbon I synthesis comprises the following steps：
A) alcohol, pyridine and solvent petroleum ether are added in reaction bulb, phosphorus tribromide is added dropwise under the conditions of nitrogen protection and -10 DEG C,
The mol ratio of described phosphorus tribromide and alcohol, pyridine is 1:2:1, constant temperature stir 6-10 hours, then extract, wash, drying, mistake
Filter, last vacuum rotary steam obtains bromo-hydrocarbons except solvent；Potassium hydroxide, nitropropane and solvent isopropyl are added in another reaction bulb
Alcohol, is stirred 10-60 minutes, bromo-hydrocarbons is added dropwise, described bromo-hydrocarbons and the mol ratio of nitropropane, potassium hydroxide are 1:2:2, plus
Stirred 3-5 hours under complete rear normal temperature, then extract, wash, dry, filter, last vacuum rotary steam obtains aldehyde except solvent；
B) -25 DEG C of brominations of isoprene obtain the bromo- 2- methyl-2-butenes of 1,4- bis-；Plus triethyl phosphite is in reaction bulb, in nitrogen
120 DEG C are warming up under gas shielded, the bromo- 2- methyl-2-butenes of Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-two, wherein triethyl phosphite and the bromo- 2- of Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-two is added dropwise
The mol ratio of methyl-2-butene is 3:1, condensation reaction 7-9 hours, then vacuum distillation removes excessive triethyl phosphite and obtains two
Phosphate；
C) bisphosphate, alkali and solvents tetrahydrofurane are added in reaction bulb, aldehyde is added dropwise under the conditions of nitrogen protection and -5 DEG C, its
The mol ratio of middle bisphosphate, alkali and aldehyde is 1:2.5:2.5, after constant temperature is stirred 7-9 hours, washing, dry, column chromatography are purified
To hydrocarbon I；
The specific synthesis steps of hydrocarbon II are as follows：
Alcohol and aluminium isopropoxide are added in the reaction bulb with stirring, leads to N2, 150 DEG C are heated to, methyl acetoacetate is added dropwise, its
The mol ratio of middle alcohol and methyl acetoacetate, aluminium isopropoxide is 1:1.1:0.05,3h is reacted at 180 DEG C, then vacuum distillation
Except excessive methyl acetoacetate, ketone is obtained, it is standby；
Triethyl phosphite is added in four-hole boiling flask, leads to N2, 120 DEG C are warming up to, the bromo- 2- butylene of Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-two, phosphorous acid three is added dropwise
The mol ratio of ethyl ester and the bromo- 2- butylene of 1,4- bis- is 3:1, condensation reaction 6-10h, then vacuum distillation is except excessive phosphorous acid three
Ethyl ester, obtains bisphosphate, standby；
Standby bisphosphate, alkali and solvent THF are added in four mouthfuls of reaction bulbs, is added dropwise under -5 DEG C and stirring condition standby
The mol ratio of ketone, wherein bisphosphate, alkali and ketone is 1:2.5:2.5, constant temperature stirring 6-10h, then wash, dry, filtering, post layer
Analysis purifying, obtains hydrocarbon II.
2. a kind of multifunctional diesel oil cetane number improver, it is characterised in that described modifier includes following components by weight percent：
Hydrocarbon 1-5%
Traditional cetane number improver 95-99%；
Described hydrocarbon is one or more kinds of mixtures of the compound with following I or II structures：
Hydrocarbon I synthesis comprises the following steps：
A) alcohol, pyridine and solvent petroleum ether are added in reaction bulb, phosphorus tribromide is added dropwise under the conditions of nitrogen protection and -10 DEG C,
The mol ratio of described phosphorus tribromide and alcohol, pyridine is 1:2:1, constant temperature stir 6-10 hours, then extract, wash, drying, mistake
Filter, last vacuum rotary steam obtains bromo-hydrocarbons except solvent；Potassium hydroxide, nitropropane and solvent isopropyl are added in another reaction bulb
Alcohol, is stirred 10-60 minutes, bromo-hydrocarbons is added dropwise, described bromo-hydrocarbons and the mol ratio of nitropropane, potassium hydroxide are 1:2:2, plus
Stirred 3-5 hours under complete rear normal temperature, then extract, wash, dry, filter, last vacuum rotary steam obtains aldehyde except solvent；
B) -25 DEG C of brominations of isoprene obtain the bromo- 2- methyl-2-butenes of 1,4- bis-；Plus triethyl phosphite is in reaction bulb, in nitrogen
120 DEG C are warming up under gas shielded, the bromo- 2- methyl-2-butenes of Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-two, wherein triethyl phosphite and the bromo- 2- of Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-two is added dropwise
The mol ratio of methyl-2-butene is 3:1, condensation reaction 7-9 hours, then vacuum distillation removes excessive triethyl phosphite and obtains two
Phosphate；
C) bisphosphate, alkali and solvents tetrahydrofurane are added in reaction bulb, aldehyde is added dropwise under the conditions of nitrogen protection and -5 DEG C, its
The mol ratio of middle bisphosphate, alkali and aldehyde is 1:2.5:2.5, after constant temperature is stirred 7-9 hours, washing, dry, column chromatography are purified
To hydrocarbon I；
The specific synthesis steps of hydrocarbon II are as follows：
Alcohol and aluminium isopropoxide are added in the reaction bulb with stirring, leads to N2, 150 DEG C are heated to, methyl acetoacetate is added dropwise, its
The mol ratio of middle alcohol and methyl acetoacetate, aluminium isopropoxide is 1:1.1:0.05,3h is reacted at 180 DEG C, then vacuum distillation
Except excessive methyl acetoacetate, ketone is obtained, it is standby；
Triethyl phosphite is added in four-hole boiling flask, leads to N2, 120 DEG C are warming up to, the bromo- 2- butylene of Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-two, phosphorous acid three is added dropwise
The mol ratio of ethyl ester and the bromo- 2- butylene of 1,4- bis- is 3:1, condensation reaction 6-10h, then vacuum distillation is except excessive phosphorous acid three
Ethyl ester, obtains bisphosphate, standby；
Standby bisphosphate, alkali and solvent THF are added in four mouthfuls of reaction bulbs, is added dropwise under -5 DEG C and stirring condition standby
The mol ratio of ketone, wherein bisphosphate, alkali and ketone is 1:2.5:2.5, constant temperature stirring 6-10h, then wash, dry, filtering, post layer
Analysis purifying, obtains hydrocarbon II.
3. a kind of multifunctional diesel oil cetane number improver according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that described group
Divide one or more kinds of mixtures that traditional cetane number improver is Alkyl nitrate and oxalate.
4. a kind of multifunctional diesel oil cetane number improver according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described alkyl nitre
Acid esters be nitric acid N-butyl, isobutyl nitrate, amyl nitrate, cyclohexyl nitrate, isooctyl ester nitrate it is one or more kinds of
Mixture.
5. a kind of multifunctional diesel oil cetane number improver according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described oxalate
For dibutyl oxalate, di-isobutyl oxalate, diisopentyl oxalate one or more kinds of mixtures.
6. a kind of multifunctional diesel oil cetane number improver according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that described alcohol
For one kind of linalool or nerolidol.
7. a kind of multifunctional diesel oil cetane number improver according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that described alkali
For n-BuLi, potassium tert-butoxide, sodium methoxide one kind.
8. a kind of preparation method of multifunctional diesel oil cetane number improver, it is characterised in that will by hydrocarbon and right
Ask the multifunctional diesel oil cetane number improver described in 1 or 2 to mix stirring at normal temperature 0.5-1 hours, obtain finished product.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510802261.XA CN105296024B (en) | 2015-11-19 | 2015-11-19 | A kind of multifunctional diesel oil cetane number improver and preparation method thereof |
| PCT/CN2016/070023 WO2017084195A1 (en) | 2015-11-19 | 2016-01-04 | Multifunctional cetane number improver for diesel fuel and method for preparing same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510802261.XA CN105296024B (en) | 2015-11-19 | 2015-11-19 | A kind of multifunctional diesel oil cetane number improver and preparation method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105296024A CN105296024A (en) | 2016-02-03 |
| CN105296024B true CN105296024B (en) | 2017-08-29 |
Family
ID=55193868
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510802261.XA Active CN105296024B (en) | 2015-11-19 | 2015-11-19 | A kind of multifunctional diesel oil cetane number improver and preparation method thereof |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105296024B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2017084195A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106520235A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-03-22 | 安阳市宇泰化工有限公司 | Preparation process of environment-friendly cetane number improver for diesel oil |
| CN110846091B (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2021-05-18 | 厦门大学 | Oxalate novel oxygen-containing fuel oil or fuel oil additive and application thereof |
| CN109207217A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-01-15 | 佛山市光烨环保科技有限公司 | A kind of method that ethylene glycol and oxalate contracting prepare gasoline, diesel oil and basic oil additive |
| CN111393275B (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2023-08-04 | 上海现代哈森（商丘）药业有限公司 | Method for synthesizing intermediate farnesyl acetone and method for synthesizing plant alcohol, isophytol and geranylgeraniol by using same |
| CN115558532A (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2023-01-03 | 姚焱 | Environment-friendly fuel for engine |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011202164A (en) * | 2010-03-04 | 2011-10-13 | Adeka Corp | Biodiesel fuel composition |
| CN102876425A (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2013-01-16 | 郑州国创能源科技有限公司 | Diesel cetane number improver |
| CN103275775A (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2013-09-04 | 咸阳东庆石油化工有限公司 | Harmonic ingredient of high-power clean diesel oil |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7029506B2 (en) * | 2000-04-14 | 2006-04-18 | Jordan Frederick L | Organic cetane improver |
| CN1869169B (en) * | 2002-06-11 | 2011-06-15 | Oryxe能源国际公司 | Method for producing diesel fuels comprising additive |
| US7691158B2 (en) * | 2004-06-25 | 2010-04-06 | Oryxe Energy International, Inc. | Hydrocarbon fuel additives and fuel formulations exhibiting improved combustion properties |
| CN103103000B (en) * | 2013-03-06 | 2015-01-14 | 济南恒致达新能源科技有限公司 | Multifunctional oil-saving and emission-reducing compound diesel fuel additive composition |
-
2015
- 2015-11-19 CN CN201510802261.XA patent/CN105296024B/en active Active
-
2016
- 2016-01-04 WO PCT/CN2016/070023 patent/WO2017084195A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011202164A (en) * | 2010-03-04 | 2011-10-13 | Adeka Corp | Biodiesel fuel composition |
| CN102876425A (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2013-01-16 | 郑州国创能源科技有限公司 | Diesel cetane number improver |
| CN103275775A (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2013-09-04 | 咸阳东庆石油化工有限公司 | Harmonic ingredient of high-power clean diesel oil |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105296024A (en) | 2016-02-03 |
| WO2017084195A1 (en) | 2017-05-26 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN105296024B (en) | A kind of multifunctional diesel oil cetane number improver and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102051248A (en) | Method for improving diesel fuel CN (Cetane Number) | |
| CN106753609A (en) | One kind administers haze environmental protection and energy saving super-gasoline | |
| WO2023060750A1 (en) | Alkane composition, 100# lead-free aviation gasoline composition containing alkane composition and production method therefor | |
| Tarazanov et al. | Assessment of the chemical stability of furfural derivatives and the mixtures as fuel components | |
| CN101463276B (en) | Alcohol ether diesel and preparation thereof | |
| CN101659878B (en) | Improved regeneration technique for decolorizing and deodorizing waste tyre oil and method for preparing diesel fuel thereof | |
| US2384866A (en) | Motor fuel | |
| CN101602679A (en) | Gasoline antiknock and production technique thereof | |
| CN101463278B (en) | Synthetic gasoline | |
| CN103320234B (en) | High heating value biodiesel and preparation method thereof | |
| CN105001998A (en) | Method for lowering condensation point of biodiesel | |
| CN102449125A (en) | Fuel composition and its use | |
| CN108503514A (en) | A kind of preparation method and applications of glycerine tertbutyl ether | |
| CN103787912A (en) | Preparation method of benzylidene acetone amine derivative antiknock agent | |
| CN101085928A (en) | Hydrocarbon oil and preparation method thereof | |
| CN106987286B (en) | A kind of ether-base gasoline of clean and environmental protection and preparation method thereof | |
| CN107099347B (en) | A kind of ether diesel oil of clean and environmental protection and preparation method thereof | |
| CN103740419A (en) | Ashless organic antiknock agent | |
| CN102127467A (en) | Ether fuel | |
| CN113150846A (en) | Methanol modified multi-effect additive and preparation method thereof, and modified methanol composite fuel | |
| CN102498088A (en) | Nitrooxyesters, their preparation and use | |
| CN102041132A (en) | Improving agent for raising cetane number of diesel oil | |
| Brooks | Synthetic Alcohols and Related Products from Petroleum | |
| CN104531238B (en) | A kind of high clean industrial fuel |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| CB02 | Change of applicant information |
Address after: Futian District Fuhua Shenzhen road 518000 city in Guangdong province Shenzhen International Trade Plaza office building 2815A Applicant after: Guangchang Daxin material technology service (Shenzhen) Limited by Share Ltd Applicant after: Shenzhen Guangchangda Petroleum Additive Co., Ltd. Address before: Futian District Fuhua Shenzhen road 518000 city in Guangdong province Shenzhen International Trade Plaza office building 2815A Applicant before: Shenzhen City Guangchangda Industrial Co., Ltd. Applicant before: Shenzhen Guangchangda Petroleum Additive Co., Ltd. |
|
| COR | Change of bibliographic data | ||
| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information | ||
| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information |
Inventor after: Yan Bin Inventor after: Zhang Jie Inventor after: Xiong Jing Inventor after: Mao Yuli Inventor before: Xiong Jing Inventor before: Yan Bin Inventor before: Zhang Jie |
|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |