CN105293765A - Domestic wastewater treatment fundamental technology - Google Patents
Domestic wastewater treatment fundamental technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN105293765A CN105293765A CN201510703180.4A CN201510703180A CN105293765A CN 105293765 A CN105293765 A CN 105293765A CN 201510703180 A CN201510703180 A CN 201510703180A CN 105293765 A CN105293765 A CN 105293765A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a domestic wastewater treatment fundamental technology. The domestic wastewater treatment fundamental technology comprises the steps of a first-grade wastewater treatment core process, middle assisting, a second-grade wastewater treatment core process and post assisting, controlling is conducted on the pH value based on all processing point water bodies in an overall process, and all parameters are set according to requirements of water inflow and outflow indexes. According to the domestic wastewater treatment fundamental technology, the advantages of ion separation medicament in practical application for an applicant can be fully guaranteed, and the representative advantages that the quantity of reagent (10-300 g per ton of water) is less, dilution is not needed for direct solid state dosage, buffering is not needed for wastewater real-time treatment (the reaction speed ranges from 3 min to 15 min), water content removal rate reaches up to over 80 percent, all national wastewater treatment emission standards can be accorded to and met, treated water is colorless, odorless and free of secondary harmful chemicals, and sludge produced through flocculation is low in moisture content (smaller than 35 percent), free of odor and adhesion and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sewage treatment process and method field, relate to a kind of fundamental technology for various sanitary sewage disposal and method specifically.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the development of demographic and economic, environmental problem is day by day serious, and the Chinese government and numerous people are paid close attention.Wherein the problem of water pollutions becomes in numerous environmental problem and compares an emphasis difficult problem, and water pollutions causes soil pollution, then causes atmospheric pollution, destroys overall ecotope.The main source of water pollutions is sanitary sewage and industrial sewage, and wherein the sanitary sewage water yield is large, brings very big puzzlement to our people's life.China is populous nation and is carrying out the process of urbanization fast, for sanitary sewage disposal need to meet GB GB18918-2002 " urban wastewater treatment firm pollutant emission standard ", GB3838-2002 " water environment quality standard ", Zhu Jianbu & Chinese Ministry of Environmental Protection " city black and odorous water renovation guide " 20150914 and just in each place government for related requests such as black and odorous water provincial standards.After sanitary sewage disposal business processes, water directly discharges usually.
The feature of sanitary sewage and black and odorous water is:
Physical property: suspended substance and turbidity high, be generally light/dark balance, transparent; Stink weight;
Organic content is medium: organism is mainly from urban life, and ester class, ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus etc. are main;
Chemical oxygen demand (COD) (COD) is medium: usually COD is not at 100-400mg/L etc.;
At present, sanitary sewage disposal mainly comprehensively uses three kinds of technical approach such as Physical, chemical method and biological process; Wherein Physical comprises reverse osmosis membrane etc., and the operation expense of membrane technique is quite expensive; And chemical process normally adds high molecular oxygenant (iron oxygen etc.) and chemical floc (such as polyacrylamide (PAM) or polymerize aluminum chloride (PAC)) etc. in water; But, there is large, the prior good water dilution of chemical feeding quantity and proportioning, staticly settle for a long time, can not stir, produce secondary chemical hazard material and produce the high shortcoming of sludge moisture content in chemical floc, unavoidably in actual process and operation, there is larger problem; Such as flocculation rate is slow, current buffer memory is large with reaction auxiliary facility floor space, water resources and land wastage more serious, secondary pollution etc. is formed to water surrounding, larger problem uses chemical floc can bring very large puzzlement to the sludge treatment that it produces, electrical energy drive sludge filter press that not only will be very large or whizzer, and mud smell is very smelly, and after process, the water ratio of mud is still up to more than 60%.Biochemical process is widely used at present, especially in sanitary sewage disposal, its advantage be stablize, effectively, operation cost is low, but its limitation is the waste water that can not process the biodegradability such as high-enriched organics and high salt extreme difference, bacteria domestication is high with cultivation difficulty repeatedly, and even some wastewater from chemical industry can also kill biochemical activity bacterium.
Ion isolation water purification agent series product (patent No.: ZL201480001546.7) adopt natural biologic material to make, based on ion isolation technology, utilize charge neutralization mechanism, can to various sewage and trade effluent, and the mud produced in sewage disposal effectively processes.The working mechanism of this product belongs to the suction type in sewage disposal Physical, but functionally can replace the chemical floc used in current industry and the traditional product such as rotary evaporation, ionization and technology completely, and secondary harm is not produced in water body, greatly improve the water ratio producing mud.Ion isolation water purification agent product speed of response is at 3-5 minute, and direct input does not need prior dilution, and content clearance is up to 80%; Its moisture percentage in sewage sludge produced is less than 35%, tasteless, does not glue, not hydrophilic; Floor space is little, the engineering construction cycle is short, easy and simple to handle with the matching used portable equipment integrating of ion isolation water purification agent series product (patent No.: ZL201520428976.9).In general, the use of ion isolation water purification agent product in sewage disposal, can not only energy-conservation, floor space is little, middle water re-uses, but also the pressure that can alleviate in sewage disposal total system in existing biochemistry and sludge treatment etc., appropriateness promotes the biodegradability of water body, also for capturing the effective way that garbage leachate in sewage treatment industry and the hard nut to crack band such as all types of industries waste water and a large amount of mud solve.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems referred to above in sanitary sewage disposal, the proprietary technology product ion that the present invention is directed to applicant is separated medicament (number of patent application: ZL201480001546.7) and specially designed sanitary sewage disposal fundamental technology.Optimize the method for conventional physical process sanitary sewage, evaded the drawback of chemical process process sanitary sewage, and in conjunction with the technique of biochemical method process sanitary sewage, sanitary sewage disposal scope can be expanded, improve sanitary sewage disposal effect.
Number of patent application: the composition of the process waste water related in 201480001546.7, it comprises: percentage ratio by weight, 43.7-46.2% wilkinite; 24.1-25.9% Tai-Ace S 150 (Al
2(SO
4)
3), wherein, Al
2(SO
4)
3particle diameter be 18-74 μm; 19.2-20.8% ceramics powder; 4.8-5.2% chitosan, wherein, the particle diameter of chitosan is 44 μm; With 4.8-5.2% calcium carbonate (CaCO
3).Described medicament is ion isolation medicament, and is solid powder particle.
The present invention is the sanitary sewage disposal fundamental technology and method of making to measure for above-mentioned sewage treatment product (comprising ion isolation medicament and device product), fully can ensure the dosage of ion isolation medicament few (ton water 10-300 gram), direct solid-state dispensing does not need dilution, sewage processes in real time does not need buffer memory (speed of response 3-15 minute), water body content clearance is up to more than 80%, can according to and meet national all kinds of sewage disposal discharge index, water colorless free from extraneous odour after process, sludge moisture content low (<35%) is produced without secondary harmful chemical and flocculation, odorless, be not stained with glutinous characteristics and advantages.The ion isolation medicament used in the present invention is the solid powder preparation extracting preparation completely with natural biologic material, carries out sewage disposal based on ion isolation technology and charge neutralization principle.Its Basic Mechanism is carried out adsorbing and being polymerized by content in water body (particle, molecule and polymer chain link), form agglomerate flocculation sediment and the mode removed from water body, reversing and overturned traditional wastewater process concept, is the breakthrough lifting to physical adsorption in sewage disposal technology system and flocculation technique.Above-mentioned sewage treatment product not only can replace widely used chemical floc product in current industry completely, but also can play a significant role in the control of Sewage treatment systems pre-treatment and water pollutions point source and sludge treatment.
This invented technology can be used as independent sewage disposal fundamental technology template and carries out practical application, also can increase flexibly or remove other process matched therewiths, but also self series connection uses, various Sewage treatment systems technique, pre-treatment, end-o f-pipe-control and sludge treatment link can be widely used in, not only ensure the stability of effluent characteristics, reduce comprehensive operation cost, and simply (existing utility and investment can be retained to existing Sewage treatment systems transformation, such as biochemical system), newly-built Sewage treatment systems investment is low, the duration is short, floor space is little, instant effect.
Sanitary sewage disposal fundamental technology disclosed by the invention and method include technical process and the concrete control mode on each technical process node.The present invention is based on sanitary sewage disposal fundamental technology and method, for including but not limited to the industry such as urban wastewater treatment firm, black and odorous water, landscape water body, rivers and lakes point source control, technological process control formulation is carried out in the sanitary sewage disposal produced in production technique, with strong points and economic, efficient, environmental protection, effectively.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The working conditions of ion isolation medicament is:
1, processed water pH value is adjusted to 7.0-9.0;
2, ion isolation medicament is directly thrown in processed water body under solid state powder state, and processed water body will through independently high-speed stirring and independently stirring at low speed, to improve adsorption efficiency and ion isolation degree.
3, the water after being processed and mud is separated by inclination plate settling facility.
The process flow sheet of sanitary sewage disposal fundamental technology of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, comprises 1. one-level sewage disposal core process, 2. mid-auxiliary, 3. B-grade sewage process core process, the 4. rearmounted sub-technique such as auxiliary.Detailed sub-technique and each process point flow process, parameter, control and working method step are described below:
1. one-level sewage disposal core process
this process flow sheet as shown in Figure 2, comprises
regulate,
reaction,
flocculation and
four sub-techniques such as filtering sedimentation.Sub-technique and each process point flow process, parameter, control and working method step are described below:
A, adjustment: pending current enter thus,
Mainly comprise the link such as comprehensive adjustment and pH detection.Be described in detail as follows:
1) inflow requirement: book technique is first sub-technique of the present invention, water inlet source is the water after the former water of pending waste water or former water auxiliary treatment; According to the flow velocity that the capacity of flooding quantity and reaction process link reaction tank is determined, regulate water inlet flow velocity, guarantee that water body flow time in subsequent reactions and flocculation two sub-process procedures is 3-15 minute;
2) water pH value: pH value detecting sensor detects for adjustment water inlet, according to determining overall process requirements, controlling acid adding and adding alkali two links to be formed and automatically control feedback subsystem, being stabilized within the scope of 7.0-9.0 before guaranteeing water pH value dispensing.The pH value range that this link can accept water body is 3.0-11.0.Water pH value setting is most important to the present invention, and the ion isolation medicament that the present invention relates to is very high to the susceptibility of water pH value, if the pH value of water body is lower than 6.0, ion isolation medicament does not react; If the pH value of water body is higher than 9.0, ion isolation medicament usage quantity will increase greatly.
3) molecule degrees of exposure: the molecule degrees of exposure that the present invention gives tacit consent to water inlet should meet ionic adsorption condition, if the molecule degrees of exposure in water body cannot meet ionic adsorption condition, the traditional technology process such as acidifying, aeration, active sludge can be increased before present invention process water inlet, and then enter present invention process;
4) go out current direction: after governing loop completes, treatment sewage order is flowed to the sub-process procedure of follow-up reaction.
B, reaction: react sub-process procedure and comprise two links such as high-speed stirring, Adding medicine control.Water body needs to control at 3-15 minute at this flow time.In usual Practical Project, link is provided with reaction tank for this reason.Be described in detail as follows:
1) water inlet process: book technique water inlet source is regulon technique adjacent before it; Book technique needs the reaction tank of configure dedicated in Practical Project; The capacity of reaction tank, according to the pending water yield, flow through the time of reaction tank 3-15 minute, and the rated output of agitator motor is determined in conjunction with current.The such as water yield of 20 tphs, needs the reaction tank configuration of 1.2 cubic metres of volumes;
2) high-speed stirring: usually adopt the even high-speed stirring that agitator motor driving agitating vane keeps per minute 700-950 to turn; In order to strengthen contact and the ion isolation effect of content in water body, usual reaction tank adopts square cross-sectional configuration, the darker funnel shape of stable formation after water body stirs; After high-speed stirring is formed, can require to offer medicine according to sewage disposal;
3) Adding medicine control: according to sewage feature to be processed, the ion isolation medicament of the pressed powder thrown in needed for all kinds of is dropped in water successively, the ion isolation medicament average aggregate consumption sewage 10-300g per ton thrown in, under the state that water body continues high-speed stirring, promote the physical index of water body, comprise and smell taste, colourity and turbidity etc., promote suspended substance, heavy metal and other organic chemistry indexs of removing water body simultaneously.It is 3-15 minute that water body flows through this process time; Needed for add medicament be all directly add in sewage under pressed powder state, the using method such as this point and the chemical floc generally used at present in the industry have obviously different.Current traditional chemical flocculation agent needs to make good use of water dilution before use, and then carry out dosing input in the mode of liquid, waste time and energy, cost is high.
4) current direction is gone out: processed water body is 3-15 minute at the sub-technique flow time of reaction, enters the sub-technique of flocculation afterwards.
C, flocculation: the sub-process procedure that flocculates comprises two links such as low rate mixing, pH value detection.Water body needs to control at 3-15 minute at this flow time.In usual Practical Project, link is provided with flocculation basin for this reason.Be described in detail as follows:
1) water inlet process: book technique water inlet source is the sub-technique of reaction adjacent before it; The capacity of flocculation basin, according to the pending water yield, flow through the time of flocculation basin 3-15 minute, and the rated output of agitator motor is determined in conjunction with current.The such as water yield of 20 tphs, needs the flocculation basin configuration of 1.2 cubic metres of volumes;
2) low rate mixing: usually adopt the even stirring at low speed that agitator motor driving agitating vane keeps per minute 160-280 to turn; In order to strengthen the caking flocculation effect in water body between small coagulated particles, usual flocculation basin is identical with above-mentioned reaction tank also adopts square cross-sectional configuration, the funnel shape that after water body stirs, stable formation is very shallow; The flocculation process stage does not need dispensing;
It is emphasized that: the chemical agent that general sewage treatment process uses, natural sedimentation can only be left standstill for a long time in the C flocculation process stage and can not stir, desirable flocculating effect cannot be formed once carry out stirring; This traditional concept overturned by the ion isolation medicament that the present invention uses, use the ion isolation medicament that the present invention relates to, the object of carrying out stirring in the flocculation process stage is condensed for agglomerate throw out by the small-particle throw out reacting formation, appropriateness stirring can strengthen flocculating effect, for next step filtering sedimentation work is prepared, the effect of settling of agglomerate throw out is better.
3) water pH value detects: pH value detecting sensor detects for flocculation basin water body, and detection probe is positioned at body middle and lower part, pond.According to the slightly acidic of ion isolation pharmacy work mechanism of the present invention and medicine itself, after medicine reacts completely, book operation stage water pH value should between 6.0-9.0; If water pH value is higher, it is inadequate that the sub-operation stage of proved response adds medicament, needs the cast feeder controlled in reaction process to increase dosage; Otherwise, reduce dosage;
4) current direction is gone out: processed water body is 3-15 minute at the sub-technique flow time of flocculation, enters the sub-technique of filtering sedimentation afterwards.
D, filtering sedimentation: the sub-process procedure of filtering sedimentation comprises sedimentation, filtering water outlet, water quality detection and five links such as the discharge of supporting mud and parameter adjustment.Water body needs to control at least 3-15 minute at this flow time.In usual Practical Project, link is provided with sedimentation filtering pond (such as inclined plate sedimentation pond) for this reason.The present invention uses swash plate to clarify sedimentation device.Be described in detail as follows:
1) water inlet process: book technique water inlet source is the sub-technique of flocculation adjacent before it; The capacity in inclined plate sedimentation pond is according to the pending water yield, and the time flowing through sedimentation filtering pond 3-15 minute in conjunction with current is determined.
2) filtering water outlet: according to ion isolation pharmacy work mechanism of the present invention, the mud produced after water treatment sinks under gravity, forms supernatant liquor simultaneously, supernatant liquor gets final product water outlet after filtering; Filtering water outlet operation stage does not need dispensing and motor to stir, and directly carries out sedimentation according to physical principle;
It is to be noted: the sedimentation that use traditional chemical flocculation agent forms throw out can not adopt inclined plate sedimentation, not only need long-time leaving standstill to flocculate, and generation mud is viscosity, can form mud adhesion on swash plate, maintenance cost is high; And it is not hydrophilic, sticky glutinous to the present invention is based on the throw out mud that ion isolation medicament formed, do not need long-time leaving standstill, under gravity can natural subsidence in water body flow process, adopt inclined plate sedimentation to drop into and running cost low, operation and maintenance is simple.
3) water quality detection: comprise the crucial water-quality guideline required by discharging standards such as pH value detection, COD, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, sensor tip detects sedimentation filtering pond water body, and detection probe is positioned at body middle and upper part, pond.It should be noted that wherein COD index on-line checkingi has about 20-30 minute time delay;
4) mud is discharged: according to ion isolation pharmacy work mechanism of the present invention, the mud produced after water treatment sinks to being formed floc sedimentation shape sludge settling under gravity.Mud is positioned at the bottom in sedimentation filtering pond, up big and down small cone-shaped body.Be furnished with mud mouth bottom cone-shaped body, the connection regular Self-discharged of spoil disposal pipeline and/or installation sludge pump are drawn into the sludge treatment device such as sludge press filtration or whizzer.Mud can intermittent type discharge, sludge quantity can the reference frame overall process water yield 0.3 ‰ to 1.5 ‰ calculate.According to ion isolation medicament characteristic of the present invention, tasteless, sticky not glutinous, the not hydrophilic and water ratio of the mud produced is below 35%, pool wall, the sheet frame of mud in sedimentation filtering pond, and can not stick together or again water-soluble phenomenon in mud discharge line and the pump housing, very convenient and energy-saving and environmental protection of attended operation and up to standard, reduce the maintenance cost of sludge treatment device greatly;
5) parameter configuration adjustment: compared by the effluent quality index request of detection data and setting in advance, calculates and finely tunes the system control parameters (comprising the pH upper-lower door limit value of adjusting process and flocculation process, the dispensing speed etc. of cast feeder) set in advance.Usual integrated artistic configuration parameter needs to be adjusted to best in the actual operation of at least one to two month, need periodic logging influent quality parameter and flow, dispensing speed and the data such as dose, effluent quality parameter every day, and carry out data analysis in time, the adjustment direction of calculating parameter configuration and adjustment amount.Run between stationary phase, parameter adjustment must be prudent especially, usual trim process;
6) current direction is gone out: processed water body is 3-15 minute at the sub-technique flow time of sedimentation filtering, can flow out book technique afterwards.
2. mid-assisting comprises biochemical and aeration link, is described below respectively:
1) inflow requirement: book technique is second sub-technique of the present invention, after water inlet source is through 1. process, according to the flow velocity that the capacity of flooding quantity and reaction process link reaction tank is determined, regulate water inlet flow velocity, guarantee that water body flow time in follow-up 3. link is 3-15 minute;
2) biochemical and aeration: biochemically adopt composite reactive cenobium, the Main Function of active cenobium is similar and can replace the active sludge generally used in current industry.According to pending sanitary sewage water quality and water outlet requirement, when water body natural flow, directly active cenobium is added in sewage in a liquid state.Ton sewage adds active cenobium 0.3-0.8 liter; It is 15-40 minute that water body flows through this process time; Carry out aeration in biological process simultaneously;
3) go out current direction: after mid-auxiliary link completes, 3. treatment sewage order is flowed to follow-up.
3. B-grade sewage process core process and the sub-technique of method
this process flow sheet as shown in Figure 2, comprises
regulate,
reaction,
flocculation and
four sub-techniques such as filtering sedimentation.B-grade sewage process core process is identical with one-level sewage disposal core process, and the main purpose arranging second-stage treatment is in order to water body content content is reduced by 80% further, and removes the residual heavy metal in water body.Water body needs to control at 3-15 minute at this flow time.In usual Practical Project, link arranges dress support equipment for this reason.It is emphasized that:
A) for sanitary sewage disposal, the dosage that the B-in this sub-technique reacts link intermediate ion separation medicament needs to be adjusted to a ton sewage 10-300 gram;
B) current direction is gone out: processed water body, after this sub-art breading, enters rearmounted auxiliary sub-technique.
4. rearmounted auxiliary: this sub-process procedure mainly filters and sterilizing part.In usual Practical Project, link arranges membrane filtration for this reason, and carries out water body disinfection process, such as disinfection by ultraviolet light etc.
It is emphasized that especially: according to the requirement of sewage disposal, multi-stage sewage process core process step can be carried out, mid-additional step can be increased between multi-stage sewage process core process step, finally carry out rearmounted auxiliary step again.
This invented technology can be used as independent sanitary sewage disposal fundamental technology template and carries out practical application, also can increase flexibly or remove other process matched therewiths, but also self series connection uses, various Sewage treatment systems technique can be widely used in, pre-treatment, end-o f-pipe-control link, not only ensure the stability of effluent characteristics, reduce comprehensive operation cost, and simply (existing utility and investment can be retained to existing Sewage treatment systems transformation, such as biochemical system, aeration, oxidation etc.), newly-built Sewage treatment systems investment is low, duration is short, floor space is little, instant effect.
Special needs to be pointed out is: technique of the present invention is carried out in mobile integrated suite of equipment, described mobile integrated suite of equipment is for the treatment of the mixing of wastewater composition, stirring, input and system set treatment device, comprises the equalizing tank, reaction tank, flocculation basin, the swash plate clarification sedimentation device that are connected successively by pipeline; Wherein the top of swash plate clarification sedimentation device is by the water after discharge of pipes process, and the bottom of swash plate clarification sedimentation device connects mud collecting tank by pipeline.
Wherein, the top of described swash plate clarification sedimentation device is water leg, and bottom is sludge hopper, and be provided with hole bottom described water leg, swash plate is provided with hole, and the angle of swash plate and horizontal plane is 45 ° ~ 65 °.
Special needs to be pointed out is: the ion isolation medicament in the present invention all refers to that number of patent application is the composition of the process waste water related in 201480001546.7.More detailed description about the ion isolation medicament in the present invention can see this patent documentation; The content that this patent documentation describes all is considered as the content that the present invention records.
Advantage of the present invention:
The present invention is the customized technique of the sanitary sewage disposal involved by ion isolation medicament, utilize this technique can give full play to characteristic and the advantage of medicament, and concise in technology understands, technology stability is good, effective reduction comprehensive operation cost, effluent index is controlled flexibly, high with follow-up sewage treatment process matching degree.
This technique is had a style of one's own, the integrated artistic degree of modularity is high, is convenient to flexible employing, not only can become separately point source and control Sewage treatment systems, and before or after the biochemical process of existing Sewage treatment systems can being added on as pre-processing module, and be applicable to the process of various sanitary sewage.
Dispensing in present invention process and method controls to adopt PLC (automaticallyprogrammed control) mode automatically to control, and can also carry out interface and dock, realize centerized fusion with the DCS of sewage treatment mechanism (distributed network system (DNS)).
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is present invention process schema;
Fig. 2 is one-level or B-grade sewage process core process schema;
Fig. 3 is the structure iron of the mobile integrated suite of equipment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is swash plate clarification sedimentation device structure iron;
Wherein: 1pH equalizing tank, 2 equalizing tanks, 3 agitators, 4 aeration tanks, 5 reaction tanks, 6 flocculation basins, 7 cast feeders, 8 swash plate clarification sedimentation devices, 9 mud collecting tanks, 10 pressure filter, 11 surge pumps, 12 pipelines, 13 water legs, 14 sludge hoppers, the swash plate of 15 glass reinforced plastic or other materials, 16 sludge outlets.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
The process of embodiment 1-enterprise sanitary sewage:
Require that index is after the former water of water body and process:
Based on the present invention " one way of life sewage disposal fundamental technology ", for the present embodiment process flow sheet as shown in Figure 1, technique comprises 1. one-level sewage disposal core process, 2. mid-auxiliary, 3. B-grade sewage process core process, the 4. rearmounted sub-technique such as auxiliary.Detailed sub-technique and each process point flow process, parameter, control and working method step are described below:
1. one-level sewage disposal core process and the sub-technique of method
this process flow sheet as shown in Figure 2, comprises
regulate,
reaction,
flocculation and
four sub-techniques such as filtering sedimentation.Sub-technique and each process point flow process, parameter, control and working method step are described below:
A, adjustment: possess the current adding ion isolation pharmacy work condition and enter thus, mainly comprise several links such as adding alkali control, acid adding control, comprehensive adjustment and pH detection.Be described in detail as follows:
1) inflow requirement: book technique is first sub-technique of the present invention, water inlet source is the water after the former water of pending waste water or former water auxiliary treatment; According to the flow velocity that the capacity of flooding quantity and reaction process link reaction tank is determined, regulate water inlet flow velocity, guarantee that water body flow time in subsequent reactions and flocculation two sub-process procedures is 3-15 minute; In the present embodiment, water body flow time is 3 minutes;
2) water pH value: pH value detecting sensor detects for adjustment water inlet, according to determining overall process requirements, controlling acid adding and adding alkali two links to be formed and automatically control feedback subsystem, being stabilized within the scope of 7.0-9.0 before guaranteeing water pH value dispensing.The pH value range that this link can accept water body is 3.0-11.0.Water pH value setting is most important to the present invention, and the ion isolation medicament that the present invention relates to is very high to the susceptibility of water pH value, if the pH value of water body is lower than 6.0, ion isolation medicament does not react; If the pH value of water body is higher than 9.0, ion isolation medicament usage quantity will increase greatly.PH value in the present embodiment controls between 7.5-8.0;
3) molecule degrees of exposure: the molecule degrees of exposure that the present invention gives tacit consent to water inlet should meet ionic adsorption condition, if the molecule degrees of exposure in water body cannot meet ionic adsorption condition, the traditional technology process such as acidifying, aeration, active sludge can be increased before present invention process water inlet, and then enter present invention process;
4) go out current direction: after governing loop completes, treatment sewage order is flowed to the sub-process procedure of follow-up reaction.
B, reaction: react sub-process procedure and comprise two links such as high-speed stirring, Adding medicine control.Water body needs to control at 3-15 minute at this flow time.In usual Practical Project, link is provided with reaction tank for this reason.Be described in detail as follows:
1) water inlet process: book technique water inlet source is regulon technique adjacent before it; Book technique needs the reaction tank of configure dedicated in Practical Project; The capacity of reaction tank, according to the pending water yield, flow through the time of reaction tank 3-15 minute, and the rated output of agitator motor is determined in conjunction with current.The such as water yield of 20 tphs, needs the reaction tank configuration of 1.2 cubic metres of volumes;
2) high-speed stirring: usually adopt the even high-speed stirring that agitator motor driving agitating vane keeps per minute 700-950 to turn; In order to strengthen contact and the ion isolation effect of content in water body, usual reaction tank adopts square cross-sectional configuration, the darker funnel shape of stable formation after water body stirs; After high-speed stirring is formed, can require to offer medicine according to sewage disposal;
3) Adding medicine control: according to sewage feature to be processed, the ion isolation medicament of the pressed powder thrown in needed for all kinds of is dropped in water successively, the ion isolation medicament average aggregate consumption sewage 10-300g per ton thrown in, under the state that water body continues high-speed stirring, promote the physical index of water body, comprise and smell taste, colourity and turbidity etc., promote suspended substance, heavy metal and other organic chemistry indexs of removing water body simultaneously.It is 3-15 minute that water body flows through this process time; Needed for add medicament be all directly add in sewage under pressed powder state, the using method such as this point and the chemical floc generally used at present in the industry have obviously different.Current traditional chemical flocculation agent needs to make good use of water dilution before use, and then carry out dosing input in the mode of liquid, waste time and energy, cost is high, and in the present embodiment, dosage is 25 grams;
4) current direction is gone out: processed water body is 3-15 minute at the sub-technique flow time of reaction, enters the sub-technique of flocculation afterwards.
C, flocculation: the sub-process procedure that flocculates comprises two links such as low rate mixing, pH value detection.Water body needs to control at 3-15 minute at this flow time.In usual Practical Project, link is provided with flocculation basin for this reason.Be described in detail as follows:
1) water inlet process: book technique water inlet source is the sub-technique of reaction adjacent before it; The capacity of flocculation basin, according to the pending water yield, flow through the time of flocculation basin 3-15 minute, and the rated output of agitator motor is determined in conjunction with current.The such as water yield of 20 tphs, needs the flocculation basin configuration of 1.2 cubic metres of volumes;
2) low rate mixing: usually adopt the even stirring at low speed that agitator motor driving agitating vane keeps per minute 160-280 to turn; In order to strengthen the caking flocculation effect in water body between small coagulated particles, usual flocculation basin is identical with above-mentioned reaction tank also adopts square cross-sectional configuration, the funnel shape that after water body stirs, stable formation is very shallow; The flocculation process stage does not need dispensing;
It is emphasized that: the chemical agent that general sewage treatment process uses, natural sedimentation can only be left standstill for a long time in the C flocculation process stage and can not stir, desirable flocculating effect cannot be formed once carry out stirring; This traditional concept overturned by the ion isolation medicament that the present invention uses, use the ion isolation medicament that the present invention relates to, the object of carrying out stirring in the flocculation process stage is condensed for agglomerate throw out by the small-particle throw out reacting formation, appropriateness stirring can strengthen flocculating effect, for next step filtering sedimentation work is prepared, the effect of settling of agglomerate throw out is better.
3) water pH value detects: pH value detecting sensor detects for flocculation basin water body, and detection probe is positioned at body middle and lower part, pond.According to the slightly acidic of ion isolation pharmacy work mechanism of the present invention and medicine itself, after medicine reacts completely, book operation stage water pH value should between 6.0-9.0; If water pH value is higher, it is inadequate that the sub-operation stage of proved response adds medicament, needs the cast feeder controlled in reaction process to increase dosage; Otherwise, reduce dosage;
4) current direction is gone out: processed water body is 3-15 minute at the sub-technique flow time of flocculation, enters the sub-technique of filtering sedimentation afterwards.In the present embodiment, water body flow time is 4 minutes;
D, filtering sedimentation: the sub-process procedure of filtering sedimentation comprises sedimentation, filtering water outlet, water quality detection and five links such as the discharge of supporting mud and parameter adjustment.Water body needs to control at least 3-15 minute at this flow time.In usual Practical Project, link is provided with sedimentation filtering pond (such as inclined plate sedimentation pond) for this reason.The present invention uses swash plate to clarify sedimentation device.Be described in detail as follows:
1) water inlet process: book technique water inlet source is the sub-technique of flocculation adjacent before it; The capacity in inclined plate sedimentation pond is according to the pending water yield, and the time flowing through sedimentation filtering pond 3-15 minute in conjunction with current is determined.
2) filtering water outlet: according to ion isolation pharmacy work mechanism of the present invention, the mud produced after water treatment sinks under gravity, forms supernatant liquor simultaneously, supernatant liquor gets final product water outlet after filtering; Filtering water outlet operation stage does not need dispensing and motor to stir, and directly carries out sedimentation according to physical principle;
It is to be noted: the sedimentation that use traditional chemical flocculation agent forms throw out can not adopt inclined plate sedimentation, not only need long-time leaving standstill to flocculate, and generation mud is viscosity, can form mud adhesion on swash plate, maintenance cost is high; And it is not hydrophilic, sticky glutinous to the present invention is based on the throw out mud that ion isolation medicament formed, do not need long-time leaving standstill, under gravity can natural subsidence in water body flow process, adopt inclined plate sedimentation to drop into and running cost low, operation and maintenance is simple.
3) water quality detection: comprise the crucial water-quality guideline required by discharging standards such as pH value detection, COD, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, sensor tip detects sedimentation filtering pond water body, and detection probe is positioned at body middle and upper part, pond.It should be noted that wherein COD index on-line checkingi has about 20-30 minute time delay;
4) mud is discharged: according to ion isolation pharmacy work mechanism of the present invention, the mud produced after water treatment sinks to being formed floc sedimentation shape sludge settling under gravity.Mud is positioned at the bottom in sedimentation filtering pond, up big and down small cone-shaped body.Be furnished with mud mouth bottom cone-shaped body, the connection regular Self-discharged of spoil disposal pipeline and/or installation sludge pump are drawn into the sludge treatment device such as sludge press filtration or whizzer.Mud can intermittent type discharge, sludge quantity can the reference frame overall process water yield 0.3 ‰ to 1.5 ‰ calculate.According to ion isolation medicament characteristic of the present invention, tasteless, sticky not glutinous, the not hydrophilic and water ratio of the mud produced is below 35%, pool wall, the sheet frame of mud in sedimentation filtering pond, and can not stick together or again water-soluble phenomenon in mud discharge line and the pump housing, very convenient and energy-saving and environmental protection of attended operation and up to standard, reduce the maintenance cost of sludge treatment device greatly;
5) parameter configuration adjustment: compared by the effluent quality index request of detection data and setting in advance, calculates and finely tunes the system control parameters (comprising the pH upper-lower door limit value of adjusting process and flocculation process, the dispensing speed etc. of cast feeder) set in advance.Usual integrated artistic configuration parameter needs to be adjusted to best in the actual operation of at least one to two month, need periodic logging influent quality parameter and flow, dispensing speed and the data such as dose, effluent quality parameter every day, and carry out data analysis in time, the adjustment direction of calculating parameter configuration and adjustment amount.Run between stationary phase, parameter adjustment must be prudent especially, usual trim process;
6) current direction is gone out: processed water body is 3-15 minute at the sub-technique flow time of sedimentation filtering, can flow out book technique afterwards.
2. mid-assisting comprises biochemical and aeration link, is described below respectively:
1) inflow requirement: book technique is second sub-technique of the present invention, after water inlet source is through 1. process, according to the flow velocity that the capacity of flooding quantity and reaction process link reaction tank is determined, regulate water inlet flow velocity, guarantee that water body flow time in follow-up 3. link is 3-15 minute;
2) biochemical and aeration: biochemically adopt composite reactive cenobium, the Main Function of active cenobium is similar and can replace the active sludge generally used in current industry.According to pending sanitary sewage water quality and water outlet requirement, when water body natural flow, directly active cenobium is added in sewage in a liquid state.Ton sewage adds active cenobium 0.3-0.8 liter; It is 15-40 minute that water body flows through this process time; Carry out aeration in biological process simultaneously; Use active cenobium 0.5 liter in the present embodiment, throw in weekly once; Water body indwelling time is 30 minutes;
3) go out current direction: after mid-auxiliary link completes, 3. treatment sewage order is flowed to follow-up.
3. B-grade sewage process core process and the sub-technique of method
this process flow sheet as shown in Figure 2, comprises
regulate,
reaction,
flocculation and
four sub-techniques such as filtering sedimentation.B-grade sewage process core process is identical with one-level sewage disposal core process, and the main purpose arranging second-stage treatment is in order to water body content content is reduced by 80% further, and removes the residual heavy metal in water body.Water body needs to control at 3-15 minute at this flow time.In usual Practical Project, link arranges dress support equipment for this reason.It is emphasized that:
A) for sanitary sewage disposal, the dosage that the B-in this sub-technique reacts link intermediate ion separation medicament needs to be adjusted to a ton sewage 30-150 gram; In the present embodiment, dosage is 10 grams, ton water;
B) current direction is gone out: processed water body, after this sub-art breading, enters rearmounted auxiliary sub-technique.In the present embodiment, water body flow time is 4 minutes, and water body is flowed to follow-up sterilization and carbon filters rearmounted link.
4. rearmounted auxiliary: this sub-process procedure mainly filters and sterilizing part.In usual Practical Project, link arranges membrane filtration for this reason, and carries out water body disinfection process, such as disinfection by ultraviolet light etc.Reverse osmosis membrane and disinfection by ultraviolet light mode is have employed in the present embodiment.The present embodiment steady running is after one month, and water quality testing data is:
1) mud is discharged: the present embodiment directly from mud mouth mud extraction bottom cone-shaped body, is drawn into sludge plate-frame filter press or other filtering equipments by spoil disposal pipeline sludge pump.Tasteless, sticky not glutinous, the not hydrophilic and water ratio of the mud produced is below 35%, pool wall, the sheet frame of mud in sedimentation filtering pond, and can not stick together or again water-soluble phenomenon in mud discharge line and the pump housing, very convenient and energy-saving and environmental protection of attended operation and up to standard, reduce the maintenance cost of sludge treatment device greatly;
2) parameter configuration adjustment: compared by the effluent quality index request of detection data and setting in advance, calculates and finely tunes the system control parameters (comprising the pH upper-lower door limit value of adjusting process and flocculation process, the dispensing speed etc. of cast feeder) set in advance.In the present embodiment, through debugging in 3 days, integrated artistic started to stablize and meets effluent index requirement;
3) current direction is gone out: processed water body is 4 minutes at the sub-technique flow time of sedimentation filtering, can flow out present invention process afterwards, carry out total system water outlet, reuse or discharge.The discharge of direct river course is carried out in water outlet in the present embodiment.
Embodiment 2:
Carry out in the mobile integrated suite of equipment that processing step of the present invention can relate at Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.The concrete technology treatment step of mobile integrated suite of equipment is as follows:
(1) the medicament reaction effect in order to coordinate ion isolation medicament to reach good, first puts into pH regulator pond by sewage, and the pH value regulator simultaneously adding applicable different sewage is generally acidifying;
(2) sewage is after the adjust ph of pH regulator pond, enters equalizing tank 2, and the water pH value after acidifying is adjusted to 7.0-9.0, in order to mix, can stir with agitator;
(3) be fully mixing and reaction further, and reach the object interrupting sewage molecular chain or release respective substance, the sewage after equalizing tank and corresponding medicament enter aeration tank;
(4) through the sewage of pH regulator pond, equalizing tank, aeration tank above, sufficient preparation has been carried out in the reaction for medicament, creates favourable condition for medicament gives full play to the property of medicine; Sewage enters reaction tank through pipeline, drops into corresponding medicament by the cast feeder of the composition for the treatment of waste water simultaneously, fully reacts under the effect of agitator with sewage;
(5) sewage and corresponding medicament are after reaction tank, enter flocculation basin, and flocculation basin is for catching solubility and non-solubility material and visible or non-visible suspended substance;
(6) sewage is after flocculation basin, enter swash plate clarification/sedimentation device, swash plate is the swash plate of glass reinforced plastic or other materials, and swash plate is provided with hole, and the aperture in hole and shape (rectangle or circle etc.) calculate separately according to sewage quality and effluent flow rate.The angle of swash plate and horizontal plane is 45 ° ~ 65 °.Preferably, the angle of swash plate and horizontal plane is 59 °.The top of swash plate clarification sedimentation device is water leg, and bottom is sludge hopper.
Swash plate clarification/sedimentation device, the throw out making the suspended substance in former water, solids or formed after dosing coagulant, thin mud layer is polymerized in swash plate bottom side or set of surfaces, action of gravity is relied on to slide to body refuse suspended layer, then sludge hopper is sunk to, enter sludge sump otherwise processed or comprehensive utilization by shore pipe, supernatant liquor rises to water leg gradually and discharges gradually, can directly discharge or reuse.
Swash plate clarification/sedimentation device, be made according to the precipitation principle of rectangular sedimentation tank removal mark particle, by increasing swash plate in pond, while reducing hydraulic radius, strengthen the wetted perimeter of pond water-carrying section, therefore current are when par flow velocity v, can reduce reynolds number Re greatly, thus minimizing stores stream, promote precipitation.In addition, add swash plate and can also make solids precipitation Distance Shortened, reduce sedimentation time, improve deposition efficiency.
(7) water after the process of swash plate clarification/sedimentation device can be selected again enter aeration tank according to the situation of sewage, the molecular chain do not disconnected completely by sewage or do not discharge material completely and do further process, to reach a perfect condition.Sewage again after the process of aeration tank can finally discharge.
(8) mud enters pressure filter by surge pump after the sludge hopper swash plate clarification/sedimentation device enters mud collecting tank, thus sloughs the moisture in mud.This process can be selected according to the situation of sewage disposal.
Sewage after above-mentioned steps process, can reach the object again utilized, and energy-conserving and environment-protective, whole treating processes is automatical and efficient.
The composition of above-mentioned process waste water adopts natural biologic material to make, and based on ion isolation technology, utilizes charge neutralization mechanism, can to various sewage and trade effluent, and the mud produced in sewage disposal effectively processes.The working mechanism of this product belongs to the suction type in sewage disposal Physical, but functionally can replace the chemical floc used in current industry and the traditional product such as rotary evaporation, ionization and technology completely, and secondary harm is not produced in water body, greatly improve the water ratio producing mud.The composition product speed of response of above-mentioned process waste water is at 3-15 minute, and direct input does not need prior dilution, and content clearance is up to more than 80%; Its moisture percentage in sewage sludge produced is less than 35%, tasteless, not sticky glutinous, not hydrophilic; With the matching used mobile integrated suite of equipment floor space of ion isolation medicine series product is little, the engineering construction cycle is short, easy and simple to handle.In general, the use of ion isolation medicament in sewage disposal, can not only energy-conservation, floor space is little, middle water re-uses, but also can alleviate the pressure in existing biochemistry and sludge treatment etc. in sewage disposal total system, appropriateness promotes the biodegradability of water body.
Claims (7)
1. one way of life sewage disposal fundamental technology, comprises (1) one-level sewage disposal core process, (2), mid-auxiliary (3) is rearmounted auxiliary, it is characterized in that:
(1), in one-level sewage disposal core process step, step (A) adjustment, (B) reaction, (C) flocculation, (D) filtering sedimentation is comprised, wherein:
(A), in regulating step, the pH value 7.0-9.0 that disposes of sewage is regulated; Regulate water inlet flow velocity, guarantee that water body flow time in subsequent reactions and flocculation two sub-process procedures is 3-15 minute;
(B) react: under 700-950 rev/min of high-speed stirring, by medicament delivery controller, dropped into successively in water by ion isolation medicament, the ion isolation water purification agent average aggregate consumption sewage 10-300g per ton thrown in, it is 3-15 minute that water body flows through the reaction process time;
Wherein, the composition of ion isolation medicament is: percentage ratio by weight, 43.7-46.2% wilkinite; 24.1-25.9% Tai-Ace S 150 (Al
2(SO
4)
3), wherein, Al
2(SO
4)
3particle diameter be 18-74 μm; 19.2-20.8% ceramics powder; 4.8-5.2% chitosan, wherein, the particle diameter of chitosan is 44 μm; With 4.8-5.2% calcium carbonate (CaCO
3);
(C) flocculate in flocculation basin under the stirring at low speed of 160-280 rev/min; In flocculation basin, detect pH value, and by controlling (B) step of reaction dosage, control ph is at 6.0-9.0;
(D) sedimentation, filtering water outlet, mud discharge is carried out through swash plate clarification sedimentation device;
(2) in mid-additional step,
A) biochemical and aeration: sewage per ton adds active bacteria 0.3-0.8 liter, and the time that water body flows through this technique is 15-40 minute; Carry out aeration in biological process simultaneously;
B) mud is discharged: this step produces the mud produced in mud and sewage disposal fundamental technology and is mixed into storage basin;
(3), in rearmounted additional step, rearmounted additional step is for filtering and water body disinfection step.
2. one way of life sewage disposal fundamental technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that: after described mid-additional step, also comprises B-grade sewage process core process; Described B-grade sewage process core process is identical with one-level sewage disposal core process.
3. one way of life sewage disposal fundamental technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described filtration step is membrane filtration.
4. one way of life sewage disposal fundamental technology according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described one-level sewage disposal core process or described B-grade sewage process core process are carried out in mobile integrated suite of equipment, described mobile integrated suite of equipment is for the treatment of the mixing of wastewater composition, stirring, input and system set treatment device, comprises the equalizing tank, reaction tank, flocculation basin, the swash plate clarification sedimentation device that are connected successively by pipeline; Wherein the top of swash plate clarification sedimentation device is by the water after discharge of pipes process, and the bottom of swash plate clarification sedimentation device connects mud collecting tank by pipeline.
5. one way of life sewage disposal fundamental technology according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the top of described swash plate clarification sedimentation device is water leg, and bottom is sludge hopper, is provided with hole bottom described water leg, swash plate is provided with hole, and the angle of swash plate and horizontal plane is 45 ° ~ 65 °.
6. one way of life sewage disposal fundamental technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in sewage disposal core process, with water outlet, step (D), in filtering precipitation step, is required that index contrasts carried out small parameter perturbations setting by water quality detection, control effluent quality index; Small parameter perturbations is wherein arranged, be quantity, the agitator motor rotating speed by the ion isolation medicament in the pH value in regulating and controlling (A) step and reaction (B) step, the agitator motor rotating speed in flocculation (C) step realizes.
7. one way of life sewage disposal fundamental technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described technique adopts programmable logic controller and supervisory control and data aquisition system to carry out automatically and electronically controlled.
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Effective date of registration: 20191127 Address after: 100176 unit B, building 22, yard 37, Liangshuihe 1st Street, Daxing District, Beijing Patentee after: Zhou Chaohui Address before: 100176 No. 17 Zhonghe street, Beijing economic and Technological Development Zone, Beijing Patentee before: Mao Xu |