A kind of velocity limiter and using method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to elevator safety technical field, being specifically related to a kind of velocity limiter for triggering elevator safety actuating unit or device.
Background technology
In GB/T7024-1997 " elevator, escalator, moving sidewalk term ", velocity limiter is defined as by 4.67: when the running velocity of elevator exceedes rated speed of lift certain value, the safety device that its action can cause safety tongs to work.As can be seen from definition, velocity limiter is the one of elevator overspeed protecting device, and effect is when elevator overspeed being detected, to safety and firing mechanism signal to protect elevator.
Current, existing velocity limiter is generally mounted between lift facility, usual employing centrifugal block for clutch use principle, as shown in Figure 1, the car 3 be located in guide rail 4 drives governor rope wheel assembly 7 to rotate by speed limiter wire rope 2, speed limiter wire rope 2 is fixed on car 3 by safety tongs 1, and governor rope wheel assembly 7 is fixed on velocity limiter 6; Car 3 is connected with the traction steel-cable 5 by traction sheave 8.Governor rope wheel assembly 7 is provided with centrifugal speed detecting device, when governor rope wheel assembly 7 rotates, under the influence of centrifugal force, the deformation of elastic element of centrifugal speed detecting device produces a displacement, when reaching the first displacement of elastic element setting, mechanism's activating electrical switch on centrifugal speed detecting device, to elevator electric signal; If the speed of car 3 continues to rise, the rotating speed of rope wheel component 7 is driven to increase, under the influence of centrifugal force, the elastic element of centrifugal speed detecting device continues distortion, when reaching second displacement of elastic element setting of centrifugal speed detecting device, and the mechanical locking mechanism action on centrifugal speed detecting device, rope wheel component 7 is stopped operating, now speed limiter wire rope 2 rubs on governor rope wheel assembly 7, produces friction force, provides mechanical signal.
In Fig. 1, when traction steel-cable 5 ruptures or other reasons causes lift car 3 to exceed the speed limit, the first action of electric switch of velocity limiter 6, disconnect safety return circuit, make traction sheave 8 stop motion, if lift car 3 does not stop, running velocity continues to improve the hypervelocity setting value reaching velocity limiter 6, then the mechanical action device of velocity limiter 6 triggers, velocity limiter 6, by stopping rope wheel component 7, limit speed for braking condition device steel rope 2, produces lift power T, thus triggering secure clamps 1 action, lift car 3 is stopped.
The lift power T that existing velocity limiter 6 provides triggering secure to clamp 1 by steel rope 5 generally has following several implementation:
In Fig. 2, when car 3 exceeds the speed limit, the rope wheel component 7 in velocity limiter 6 stops operating, and car 3 drives steel rope 2, at the surface sliding of rope wheel component 7, produces lift power T by pure friction the in surface of steel rope and rope wheel component 7;
In Fig. 3, when car 3 exceeds the speed limit, rope wheel component 7 in velocity limiter 6 stops operating, now steel rope 2 is pressed to the surface of rope wheel component 7 by pressing plate 9, thrust acts on pressing plate 9 by spring 10 by lever 11, car 3 drives steel rope 2 at the surface sliding of rope wheel component 7, so be easy to improve lift power T;
In Fig. 4, when car 3 exceeds the speed limit, rope wheel component 7 in velocity limiter 6 drives ratchet 14 to rotate, the pin 15 be arranged on ratchet 14 makes trigger mechanism 16 rotate, make brake component 17 under gravity steel rope 2 be pressed to brake stator parts 12, the power compressing steel rope 2 is provided by the spring 13 be arranged on dynamic brake component 17.After ratchet rotates to an angle, rope wheel component 7 is stopped operating.Car 3 drives steel rope 2 to slide at rope wheel component 7 with between dynamic brake component 17 and brake stator parts 12, thus produces lift power T.
Shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 three kind of a velocity limiter all has following characteristics:
During velocity limiter mechanical action, need rope wheel component 7 is stopped operating, when rope wheel component 7 stops operating, because car 3 also will continue a mobile segment distance, so car 3 drives steel rope 2 meeting slippage one segment distance on rope wheel component 7, the race on rope wheel component 7 is caused to wear and tear, if when wearing and tearing reach a certain amount of, rope wheel component 7 can be caused to lose efficacy;
Ratchet 14, when resetting, all needs an initial position accurately, needs people or associated mechanisms to make it reset.
Fig. 4 also has following characteristics: when dynamic brake component 17 arranges incorrect with the angle a1 of horizontal direction, easily produce the situation that dynamic brake component 17 cannot fall; When car 3 stops, if produce up-down vibration, dynamic brake component 17 can be thrown off again, causes component failure.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of service life can greatly improving race in rope wheel component, and the velocity limiter that can reset easily.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is to provide a kind of velocity limiter, it is characterized in that: comprise base plate and be located at the side plate of base plate both sides, be provided with rope wheel component, ratchet, the drive wheel that all can rotate around the spindle between two described side plates; The side of rope wheel component is provided with brake control lever, and be connected with brake control lever by rotating shaft with frizzen one end of the contour setting of main shaft, the frizzen other end contacts with drive wheel; Brake control lever one end is connected with pull bar one end, and the brake control lever other end is connected with brake stator block, dynamic slipper; The pull bar other end is provided with mechanical switch, and pull bar is provided with the spring being in compressed energy-storage state under normal circumstances.
Preferably, described drive wheel and ratchet synchronous axial system, the two can be structure as a whole, and also can be the Split type structure be connected to each other.
Preferably, described brake control lever can be located on the left of described rope wheel component, also can be located on the right side of described rope wheel component.
Preferably, be provided with electric switch between two described side plates, mechanical switch and electric switch are beneficial to protection electric switch not by accidental damage between side plate.
Preferably, described side plate is provided with for the spacing locating dowel pin of frizzen conter clockwise.
More preferably, described frizzen be horizontally disposed with and its axis by the centre of gration of described drive wheel.
Further, described manual triggers bar is provided with and triggers pin.
Preferably, described side plate is provided with inspection door.
Preferably, described dynamic slipper is connected with brake control lever by the first brake axle, and described brake stator block is connected with brake control lever by the second brake axle; Be provided with for the groove of steel wire penetrating between described brake stator block and dynamic slipper.
More preferably, described groove is arc groove.
More preferably, described brake stator block is located at inside steel rope.
Preferably, described dynamic slipper has the trend around described first brake axle clickwise under the effect of deadweight; Described brake control lever is provided with the adjustment screw for making gap between slipper and steel rope be consistent.
More preferably, the downside of described first brake axle is located at by described adjustment screw.
Preferably, described rotating shaft be provided with for the described frizzen that resets, make described frizzen have the torsion spring of the trend of left-hand revolution, one end connects with described brake control lever, and the torsion spring other end connects with described frizzen.
Further, the body of rod for the reset be connected with described side plate or brake control lever is also comprised.
Preferably, the end that described pull bar is connected with brake control lever be provided with reset, pull bar can be made to move and then compress the nut of described spring when rotating.
Preferably, top or the side of described rope wheel component be located at by described spring.
Present invention also offers the using method of above-mentioned velocity limiter, velocity limiter is positioned at normal condition, and steel rope is walked around rope wheel component and passed between brake stator block, dynamic slipper, is finally connected with load; When rope wheel component exceeds the speed limit under steel rope drives, the first action of electric switch, disconnects safety return circuit; If rope wheel component running velocity continues to improve the hypervelocity setting value reaching velocity limiter, the ratchet being then arranged in rope wheel component falls to blocking ratchet, ratchet drives drive wheel to rotate, the balance of frizzen is destroyed, and now frizzen rotates around the shaft, and brake control lever drives dynamic slipper to rotate under the action of the spring, steel rope is pressed to brake stator block, now produce a friction force on a steel cord, pull bar presses to mechanical switch simultaneously, and mechanical switch exports electric signal;
During reset, drive brake control lever, frizzen to rotate by the body of rod, brake control lever rotary compression spring energy-storage, brake control lever departs from steel rope with dynamic slipper simultaneously; When frizzen encounters speed limit pin, mechanical return completes, and takes off the body of rod, is resetted by electric switch, then completes whole reset.
Preferably, when load exceeds the speed limit, while brake control lever action, rope wheel component does not stop operating, and race and steel rope do not have relative displacement, thus greatly improves the service life of rope sheave.
Preferably, the body of rod of reset can manual operation, and motor, electromagnet, hydraulic pressure, gravity mode also can be adopted to operate.
Device provided by the invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, centrifugal speed detecting device and lift power generating means is separated; Velocity limiter not only has over-speed protection function, can also lower than command speed action, and in hypervelocity stop process, after velocity limiter action, rope wheel component and steel rope do not have relative sliding, greatly improve the life-span of race in rope wheel component; Lift power is provided by rope gripper, and folder rope position adopts lever augmented mode, and the simple and reliable property of structure is high; During reset, to be positioned at any position of circumference all passable, easy to operate for ratchet, and reliability is high, has widened the application of velocity limiter.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of existing elevator governor protection system;
Fig. 2 is the velocity limiter schematic diagram of the first structure existing;
Fig. 3 is the velocity limiter schematic diagram of existing the second structure;
Fig. 4 is the velocity limiter schematic diagram of the third structure existing;
The velocity limiter overall structure front view that Fig. 5 provides for embodiment 1;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of Fig. 5 when removing side plate;
Fig. 7 is the left view of Fig. 5;
Fig. 8 is the C-C generalized section in Fig. 5;
Fig. 9 is the B-B generalized section in Fig. 5;
Figure 10 is the A-A generalized section in Fig. 5;
Figure 11 is the repositioning method schematic diagram of velocity limiter in embodiment 1;
Figure 12 is the repositioning method schematic diagram of velocity limiter in embodiment 2;
Figure 13 is that in embodiment 3, velocity limiter realizes two-way schematic diagram;
Figure 14 is the schematic diagram that in embodiment 4, velocity limiter brake control lever is positioned at right side;
Figure 15 is the schematic diagram that in embodiment 5, velocity limiter spring is positioned at rope wheel component side.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, set forth the present invention further.Should be understood that these embodiments are only not used in for illustration of the present invention to limit the scope of the invention.In addition should be understood that those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally after the content of having read the present invention's instruction.
Embodiment 1
The overall structure schematic diagram of Fig. 5 ~ Figure 7 shows that velocity limiter provided by the invention, for triggering front state, described velocity limiter comprises base plate 32, and is located at front side plate 33 and the rear quarter panel 34 of both sides before and after base plate 32 respectively; In the middle of front side plate 33, rear quarter panel 34, be provided with rope wheel component 7, in conjunction with Figure 10, rope wheel component 7 rotates around main shaft 39; At front side plate 33, be also provided with the ratchet 14, drive wheel 18 and the ratchet 35 that mates with ratchet 14 that rotate around main shaft 39 in the middle of rear quarter panel 34, drive wheel 18 and ratchet 14 synchronous axial system; Brake control lever 23, brake stator block 28 and dynamic slipper 27 is provided with in the left side of rope wheel component 7; Be provided with frizzen 25 in the position that main shaft 39 is contour, frizzen 25 one end is connected with brake control lever 23 by rotating shaft 26, and frizzen 25 other end contacts with drive wheel 18, under normal circumstances, frizzen 25 for be horizontally disposed with and axis by the centre of gration of drive wheel 18; Pull bar 21 is provided with above rope wheel component 7, brake control lever 23 one end is connected with pull bar 21 one end, and brake control lever 23 other end is connected with brake stator block 28, dynamic slipper 27, and on pull bar 21, cover has spring 22, normal circumstances lower spring 22 is in compressed energy-storage state, and pull bar 21 other end is provided with mechanical switch 20.The electric switch 19 of velocity limiter is also provided with in the middle of front side plate 33, rear quarter panel 34.Electric switch 19, mechanical switch 20 are positioned at inside front side plate 33, rear quarter panel 34, are beneficial to protection switch not by accidental damage.Front side plate 33 has inspection door 40, can be resetted electric switch 19 by inspection door 40.
Composition graphs 8, front side plate 33 is provided with locating dowel pin 24, spacing for frizzen 25 conter clockwise.
Composition graphs 9, dynamic slipper 27 is connected with brake control lever 23 by the first brake axle 29, brake control lever 23 is connected with brake stator block 28 by the second brake axle 31, steel rope 2 passes between brake stator block 28 and dynamic slipper 27, dynamic slipper 27, brake stator block 28 are set to arc groove with steel rope 2 contact position, and brake control lever 23 is provided with adjustment screw 30.
In conjunction with Figure 10, rotating shaft 26 is provided with the torsion spring 36 for reset trigger bar 25, torsion spring 36 one end connects with brake control lever 23, and the other end connects with frizzen 25.Front side plate 33 is provided with the manual triggers bar 38 for resetting or trigger, and manual triggers bar 38 is provided with and triggers pin 41.
In the present embodiment, the principle of work of velocity limiter is:
Velocity limiter is positioned at normal condition, when traction steel-cable 5 ruptures or other reasons causes lift car 3 to exceed the speed limit to direction, the earth's core, the first action of electric switch 19 of velocity limiter, disconnect safety return circuit, make traction sheave 8 stop motion, if lift car 3 does not stop, running velocity continues to improve the hypervelocity setting value reaching velocity limiter, the ratchet 35 being then arranged in rope wheel component 7 falls to blocking ratchet 14, ratchet 14 drives drive wheel 18 left-hand revolution, under the drive of drive wheel 18, the balance of frizzen 25 is destroyed, now frizzen 25 26 makes clickwise around the shaft, after frizzen 25 destroys self-locking, brake control lever 23 is under the effect of spring 22, dynamic slipper 27 is driven to make clickwise around the first brake axle 29, steel rope 2 is pressed to brake stator block 28, now on steel rope 2, produce a friction force T, triggering secure pincers 1 simultaneously, pull bar 21 moves right simultaneously, press to mechanical switch 20, mechanical switch 20 exports electric signal.
Dynamic slipper 27 has the trend around the first brake axle 29 clickwise under the effect of deadweight, under this trend, make slipper 27 be tending towards inconsistent with the gap of steel rope 2, cause up-narrow and down-wide, the effect of adjustment screw 30 ensures that dynamic slipper 27 is consistent with the gap of steel rope 2.
In conjunction with Figure 11, for the state after velocity limiter action, its repositioning method is: be arranged on by manual triggers bar 38 on front side plate 33, the triggering pin 41 be arranged on manual triggers bar 38 is inserted the below of frizzen 25, then manual triggers bar 38 is made to make clickwise around main shaft 39, now under the effect triggering pin 41, frizzen 25 26 can make left-hand revolution around the shaft, in the process that frizzen 25 rotates, under the counteraction of drive wheel 18, brake control lever 23 will make left-hand revolution around the second brake axle 31, in rotary course, Compress Spring 22 energy storage, brake control lever 23 departs from steel rope 2 by the first brake axle 29 with dynamic slipper 27 simultaneously, when frizzen 25 encounters speed limit pin 24, mechanical return completes, and is taken off by manual triggers bar 38 after mechanical return completes from front side plate 33.Again electric switch 19 is resetted, whole reset can be completed.
Composition graphs 6, the end be connected with brake control lever 23 at pull bar 21 is provided with nut 43, the effect of nut 43 resets to use, concrete operation method is: when after velocity limiter action, spring 22 is in extreme length, now can rotating nut 43, pull bar 21 is made to move Compress Spring 22, now brake control lever 23 makes left-hand revolution around the second brake axle 31 under the effect of pull bar 21, frizzen 25 26 makes left-hand revolution around the shaft under the effect of torsion spring 36 simultaneously, after frizzen 25 encounters locating dowel pin 24, stop the rotation nut 43, again by nut 43 opposite spin until be in minimum value with the distance of brake control lever 23.
Composition graphs 5, if needs velocity limiter is lower than action during hypervelocity, can manual triggers bar 38 be arranged on front side plate 33, triggering pin 41 is placed on the upside of frizzen 25, now manual triggers bar 38 is made left-hand revolution, the state of equilibrium of frizzen 25 can be broken, make spring force be applied on dynamic slipper 27, realize braking.
When elevator exceeds the speed limit to the direction away from the earth's core, although the ratchet 35 be arranged on rope wheel component 7 also can fall, because ratchet 14 is single direction ratchet, so drive wheel 18 can not be driven to rotate, therefore steel rope brake can not be made.
Embodiment 2
In conjunction with Figure 12, the present embodiment is substantially identical with embodiment 1, difference is on the basis of embodiment 1, eliminate manual triggers bar 38, on brake control lever 23, increase a reset lever 42 simultaneously, the arm of force is increased, when velocity limiter resets, apply the far-end of manpower in reset lever 42, when reset lever 42 left-hand revolution, drive brake control lever 23 left-hand revolution, drive rotating shaft 26 to rotate around the second brake axle 31 simultaneously, now under the effect of torsion spring 36, frizzen 25 26 makes left-hand revolution around the shaft, when frizzen 25 encounters locating dowel pin 24, unclamp reset lever 42, again electric switch 19 is resetted, whole reset can be completed.
Embodiment 3
In conjunction with Figure 13, the brake control lever 23 in embodiment 1, embodiment 2 only works when rope wheel component 7 anticlockwise direction exceeds the speed limit, and the present embodiment needs to solve brake control lever 23 and all works at group wheel assembly 7 conter clockwise and clockwise direction hypervelocity, and concrete grammar is:
On the basis of embodiment 2, ratchet 14 is set as bidirectional ratchet, ratchet 35 is set as two-way ratchet, for being horizontal when keeping frizzen 25 flat, increase in frizzen 25 end and keep torsion spring 44, specific works process is: during rope wheel component 7 anticlockwise direction hypervelocity, course of action is identical with embodiment 1, during rope wheel component 7 clockwise direction hypervelocity, ratchet 35 falls to driving ratchet 14 clickwise, drive frizzen 25 26 left-hand revolutions around the shaft simultaneously, after frizzen 25 rotation is destroyed to balance, steel rope 2 is pressed to brake stator block 28 with dynamic slipper 27 by brake control lever 23 under the effect of spring 22, thus realize making.During reset, by reset lever 42 left-hand revolution, now frizzen 25 is tending towards level under the effect keeping torsion spring 44, unclamps reset lever 42, then is resetted by electric switch 19, can complete integral reset during bar level to be triggered.
Embodiment 4
In conjunction with Figure 14, the present embodiment difference from Example 1 is, the brake assemblies such as brake control lever 23, brake stator block 28 and dynamic slipper 27 are arranged on the right side of rope wheel component 7, and principle of work is identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 5
In conjunction with Figure 15, the difference of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is, pull bar 21, spring 22, mechanical switch 20 etc. are moved to the side of rope wheel component 7 from top, such result is the height effectively reducing velocity limiter, specific practice is, acts on forward and backward side plate by the load of spring 22 by backing plate 45, and pull bar 21 is hinged with brake control lever 23, when brake control lever 23 is swung, movement followed by pull bar 21.