CN105292112A - Structure optimization designing method for hybrid vehicle - Google Patents
Structure optimization designing method for hybrid vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN105292112A CN105292112A CN201510724858.7A CN201510724858A CN105292112A CN 105292112 A CN105292112 A CN 105292112A CN 201510724858 A CN201510724858 A CN 201510724858A CN 105292112 A CN105292112 A CN 105292112A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
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Abstract
The invention relates to a structure optimization designing method for a hybrid vehicle, which is carried out on an executing system. The structure optimization designing method for the hybrid vehicle comprises the following steps of defining a complex function of the executing system of a whole vehicle; decomposing the executing system under the complex function stage by stage and converting the decomposed executing system into executing devices; carrying out principle modeling on single-function executing devices; carrying out structural coupling optimization on each executing device; and combining similar structures. According to the invention, through the adoption of a top-down designing and down-top correcting technical route, general vehicle structure layout can be optimized, structural and functional redundancies of each system of the whole vehicle are reduced, the utilization rates of part structures are increased, and the vehicle manufacturing cost is effectively reduced on the premise that the expected design target of the vehicle is satisfied.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Optimal Structure Designing technology of motor vehicle driven by mixed power, particularly point out a kind of optimum structure design method for this vehicle.
Background technology
The outstanding problems such as along with modern social development, while automobile pollution increases, city environmental pollution aggravation, traffic accident take place frequently, oil resources are day by day deficient, motor vehicle driven by mixed power becomes one of important channel solving above social concern.Because motor vehicle driven by mixed power is integrated with " mechanical-electronic-hydraulic pressure " coupled system of driving engine, electrical motor and complexity, cause Vehicular system complex structure, each systemic-function is coupled with overlapping with existing between structure in a large number, difficulty is brought to Car design and production, therefore a kind of reasonably fine structural project model is taked, Optimal Structure Designing being carried out to system unit configuration, by simplifying the structure of motor vehicle driven by mixed power, being convenient to realize its safety, energy-saving and environmental protection and comfortable integrated performance index.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, for existing social environment and energy development problem, and the structural optimization problems of vehicle, the object of the invention is the optimum structure design method proposing a kind of motor vehicle driven by mixed power, to realize designs simplification to its complication system and optimization.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme: a kind of optimum structure design method of motor vehicle driven by mixed power, is characterized in that, comprising:
First, the sophisticated functions of car load actuating system is defined;
Secondly, the actuating system under sophisticated functions is decomposed step by step, and transform to performer practicable;
Again, principle modeling is carried out for simple function performer;
Finally, structure Coupling optimization is carried out to each performer, merge homogeneous structure.
Further: structure Coupling optimization is being carried out to each performer, after merging homogeneous structure, carry out system test and evaluation, circulate the step revised:
First in realistic model, obtain optimum system parameter, and carry out the simulating, verifying of function;
Then on stand, debug various function can realize, and determine the key parameters such as the transmitting ratio that gear is arranged;
Again carry out real steering vectors test, verify the operational effect of this gear row's form on real vehicle;
Last according to verification the verifying results, the structure of actr is revised in circulation.
Further: by the process that car load actuating system carries out sophisticated functions definition be, vehicle actuating system is divided into driving, braking, servo-steering and braking energy recovering function module, is then divided into drive system, brake system, closed-centre system, steering swivel system, suspension, vehicle body and annex according to these functional modules.
Further: the actuating system under sophisticated functions is decomposed step by step, and to performer transform implement method be:
Epicyclic gear train, motor, driving engine is adopted to provide zigzag tread patterns moment, lock torque, servo-steering moment, and Brake energy recovery, wherein,
1. utilize driving engine, motor and epicyclic gear train to be coupled and drive torque is provided;
2., while utilizing motor to provide lock torque, Brake energy recovery is carried out;
3. utilize epicyclic gear train and motor, while realizing left and right side wheel individual drive, provide servo-steering;
4. the coupling of driving engine, motor, hydraulic brake is utilized jointly to provide lock torque.
Further: the method for simple function performer being carried out to principle modeling is:
According to the information such as target maximum speed, peak acceleration, pick-up time, maximum braking deceleration, capacity of cell, turn radius in vehicle travel process, according to vehicle dynamics equation, parameter is carried out to driving engine, motor, power supply etc. and mate for the first time; Then using realized function as screening conditions, according to the kinetics equation of epicyclic gear train structure, to many epicyclic gear trains, mechanism carries out type selecting, modeling; Finally carry out construction parameter optimization according to dynamic programming algorithm.
Further: carry out structure optimization to each performer, the structure of " three motors+one driving engine+three epicyclic gear trains+one hydraulic brake " is taked in the final selection merging homogeneous structure.
The beneficial effect that the present invention realizes is: the technology path that the present invention adopts top-down nano-fabrication and revises from bottom to top, first, is divided by motor vehicle driven by mixed power actuating system by function; Secondly, STRUCTURE DECOMPOSITION is carried out to actuating system, if any driving/braking/turn to; Again, principle modeling and multifunctional all design are carried out to each point of performer function, structure optimization is carried out to the situation that multiple component function intercouples, merges homogeneous structure; Finally, system test evaluation and circulation correction is carried out.By optimum structure design method, vehicle structure master layout can be simplified, reduce the redundancy of the structure and fuction of each system of car load, improve the degree of utilization of block construction, while meeting vehicle desired design index, effectively reduce the cost that vehicle production manufactures.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing only for illustrating the object of specific embodiment, and does not think limitation of the present invention, and in whole accompanying drawing, identical reference symbol represents identical parts.
Fig. 1 is that the structure of multiple coupled actuating system divides and optimal design diagram of circuit.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in detail; but those skilled in the art it will be appreciated that; following examples are not the unique restriction done technical solution of the present invention; every any equivalents of doing under technical solution of the present invention Spirit Essence or change, all should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Optimal Structure Designing of the present invention, refers to the mode by structure common optimization, improves the degree of utilization of block construction, optimizes vehicle structure master layout.For realizing the object that hybrid vehicle configuration is optimized, consider system architecture and the controlling functions compositing characteristic of motor vehicle driven by mixed power, this Optimal Structure Designing, mainly for the Optimal Structure Designing of actuating system, is described below in detail.
For motor vehicle driven by mixed power, its controlling functions complexity is various, and actuating system is coupled by driving engine, the multimachine structure such as electrical motor and " mechanical-electronic-hydraulic pressure ".We divide the multiple coupled mechanism of complexity, can be divided into drive system, brake system, closed-centre system, steering swivel system, suspension and vehicle body and annex etc.Under traditional design thinking, in the design process, all independent design based on vehicle driving functions, this makes each system occur redundancy in the process of superposition to each system execution unit.Therefore need to carry out structural optimization analysis and design to its actuating system, namely to its integrated drive system, brake system, closed-centre system, steering swivel system, suspension and vehicle body and annex etc. " mechanical-electronic-hydraulic pressure " structure, be optimized design, realize the object optimizing actuating system structure.
Therefore the Optimal Structure Designing flow process about actuating system can be summarized as:
(1) the sophisticated functions definition of car load actuating system;
(2) to sophisticated functions actuating system step by step decompose and to performer conversion implement;
(3) for the principle modeling of simple function performer;
(4) the structure Coupling optimal design of multi-functional actuating system;
(5) system test and evaluation;
(6) step of circulation correction.
Concrete decomposition description is as follows:
(1) sophisticated functions about Full Vehicle System defines
Analyze according to motor vehicle driven by mixed power functional requirement, function is driven for realizing it, vehicle is divided into the functional modes such as zigzag tread patterns, servo-steering and Brake energy recovery, then according to these functions, drive system, brake system, closed-centre system, steering swivel system, suspension and the structure such as vehicle body and annex is optimized.
(2) to the decomposition step by step of the lower each system of sophisticated functions definition
According to the definition of above each functional task, actr each in system is analyzed.Vehicle, in the process realizing longitudinal autonomous driving, needs to utilize driving engine and motor coupling to provide drive torque, and motor can be utilized to carry out Brake energy recovery, save the energy consumption in driving process; Utilize the reasonable Arrangement of drive disk assembly and multiple motor, the function that left and right side wheel independently controls can be realized, left and right sides wheel propulsive effort differentiation can be reached, to realize servo-steering function; Utilize the lock torque of engine-electric machine-hydraulic brake system to be coupled, both ensured that braking deceleration met operator demand, ensure that lock torque response steadily fast simultaneously.
For simplified structure, the present invention have employed the version by a driving engine+three motors+three epicyclic gear trains in actr, be input as control signal, export as moment of torsion, by the torque distribution of output to arranged on left and right sides wheel, realize zigzag tread patterns, Brake energy recovery and servo-steering function.
Therefore, the realization of sophisticated functions implements on performer and can be analyzed to:
1) driving engine and motor coupling is utilized to provide drive torque
According to the state driving demand power and vehicle, distribute the moment of driving engine and motor, be all operated between good efficiency area to driving engine and motor.Driving power such as when driving power is less, motor can be evenly distributed to provide, if can adopt more greatly driving engine to provide or driving engine and motor provide demand power simultaneously.Need according to driving conditions and vehicle-state, formulate corresponding control policy, and realize optimal control.
2), while utilizing motor to provide lock torque, Brake energy recovery is carried out
After speed-slackening signal being detected, actr (three motors+one driving engine+three epicyclic gear trains) to make the lock torque that is assigned on left and right side wheel identical, thus maintains the riding stability of vehicle by cooperation control.Simultaneously according to the size of SOC (charge condition of battery) and the size of rate of braking, determine the moment size of motor braking energy regenerating.
3) utilize epicyclic gear train and motor, while realizing left and right side wheel individual drive, provide servo-steering
Utilize the reasonable Arrangement of epicyclic gear train and multiple motor, left and right side wheel individual drive function can be realized, left and right side wheel propulsive effort differentiation can be reached.Be different from the mode of wheel limit or wheel hub driving, for the propulsive effort realizing arranged on left and right sides is independent controlled, need to have at least two to export degree of freedom.By epicyclic gear train structure, coupling driving engine and three motors and two output shafts, can realize.In the process of straight-line travelling, only need the rotational speed and torque relation by configuration driving engine and three motors, two outputs just can be made to reach identical output speed and torque.When needs turning driving, according to the difference of steering wheel angle, recalculate and distribute the drive torque size of both sides, the moment then by controlling driving engine and motor realizes; Meanwhile, in steering procedure, due to the relation of mechanical couplings, the backflow of mechanical horsepower can be realized, make energy flow to lower power side by high power side.
4) coupling of driving engine, motor, hydraulic brake system is utilized jointly to provide lock torque
According to the demand braking force of brake pedal signal resolution chaufeur, first pass through the method for coordinated allocation hydraulic braking and motor braking, judge whether to meet corresponding demand, negative torque is provided to carry out Brake energy recovery if cannot continue because SOC is higher to motor, then pass through the state of cooperation control driving engine and hydraulic braking, reach braking requirement.
(3) principle modeling is carried out for simple function execution unit
According to above complex task analysis result, modeling and structure design are carried out to simple function execution unit.According to the information such as target maximum speed, peak acceleration, pick-up time, maximum braking deceleration, capacity of cell, turn radius in vehicle automatic running process, carry out parameter to driving engine, motor, power supply etc. to mate for the first time, then using realized function as screening conditions, type selecting, modeling are carried out to many epicyclic gear trains mechanism.
(4) the structure Coupling optimal design of integrated multifunctional system
In the present embodiment, epicyclic gear train realizes one of shared important composition parts of execution unit structure.Independently controlling for realizing left and right wheels, realizing rational power steering function, determine employing three epicyclic gear train mechanisms.According to driving conditions and the power index of vehicle, calculate the maximum demanded power of zigzag tread patterns; Power selects the rating horsepower of driving engine, motor respectively according to demand; According to the kinetics equation of epicyclic gear train structure, carry out automatic modeling and option screening; Adopt dynamic programming algorithm, be optimized the feasible configurations obtained and solve and screen further, the arrangement structure not meeting constraint requirements is deleted, finally obtains the parameter of optimum structure and correspondence thereof.Wherein, the kinetics equation of epicyclic gear train structure and dynamic programming algorithm are all technology well known in the art.
(5) system test and evaluation
In order to verify the optimization of resulting structures, according to above analysis result, test and evaluation analysis can be carried out to system implementation effect.First in realistic model, obtain optimum system parameter, and carry out the simulating, verifying of function; Then on stand, debug various function can realize, and determine the key parameters such as the transmitting ratio that gear is arranged; Finally carry out real steering vectors test, verify the operational effect of this gear row's form on real vehicle.
(6) circulation is revised
Further, experimentally with simulation analysis result, circulation correction is carried out to the structure Coupling process of optimization of the modeling of simple function principle and multifunction system, optimize the design of this actuator structure.
Claims (6)
1. an optimum structure design method for motor vehicle driven by mixed power, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
First, the sophisticated functions of car load actuating system is defined;
Secondly, the actuating system under sophisticated functions is decomposed step by step, and transform to performer practicable;
Again, principle modeling is carried out for simple function performer;
Finally, structure Coupling optimization is carried out to each performer, merge homogeneous structure.
2. the optimum structure design method of motor vehicle driven by mixed power according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is also included in and carries out structure Coupling optimization to each performer, after merging homogeneous structure, carries out system test and evaluation, circulate the step revised, comprising:
First in realistic model, obtain optimum system parameter, and carry out the simulating, verifying of function;
Then on stand, debug various function can realize, and determine the key parameters such as the transmitting ratio that gear is arranged;
Again carry out real steering vectors test, verify the operational effect of this gear row's form on real vehicle;
Last according to verification the verifying results, the structure of actr is revised in circulation.
3. the optimum structure design method of motor vehicle driven by mixed power according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, by the method that car load actuating system carries out sophisticated functions definition be: car load actuating system is divided into driving, braking, servo-steering and braking energy recovering function module, is then divided into drive system, brake system, closed-centre system, steering swivel system, suspension, vehicle body and annex according to these functional modules.
4. the optimum structure design method of the motor vehicle driven by mixed power according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, is characterized in that, decompose step by step the actuating system under sophisticated functions, and to the method that performer conversion is implemented is:
Epicyclic gear train, motor, driving engine is adopted to provide zigzag tread patterns moment, lock torque, servo-steering moment, and Brake energy recovery, wherein,
1. the coupling of driving engine, motor and epicyclic gear train is utilized to provide zigzag tread patterns moment;
2., while utilizing motor to provide lock torque, Brake energy recovery is carried out;
3. utilize epicyclic gear train and motor, realize left and right side wheel individual drive, servo-steering moment is provided simultaneously;
4. the coupling of driving engine, motor, hydraulic brake is utilized jointly to provide lock torque.
5. the optimum structure design method of the motor vehicle driven by mixed power according to claim 1 or 4, is characterized in that, the method for simple function performer being carried out to principle modeling is:
According to the target maximum speed in vehicle travel process, peak acceleration, pick-up time, maximum braking deceleration, capacity of cell, turn radius information, according to vehicle dynamics equation, parameter is carried out to driving engine, motor, power supply etc. and mate for the first time;
Then using the function that will realize as screening conditions, according to the kinetics equation of epicyclic gear train structure, to many epicyclic gear trains, mechanism carries out type selecting, modeling;
Finally carry out construction parameter optimization according to dynamic programming algorithm.
6. the optimum structure design method of the motor vehicle driven by mixed power according to claim 4 or 5, it is characterized in that, structure optimization is carried out to each performer, the structure of " three motors+one driving engine+three epicyclic gear trains+one hydraulic brake " is taked in the final selection merging homogeneous structure.
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