CN105291326B - A kind of epoxy resin photoelastic model and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of epoxy resin photoelastic model and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of epoxy resin photoelastic model and preparation method thereof, and mixed liquor is prepared using four kinds of 618# epoxy resin, methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride, altax P 30, epoxy resin defoamer raw materials;First load weighted methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride, epoxy resin defoamer are poured into epoxy resin when preparing mixed liquor and start to stir, load weighted DMP 30 is instilled into mixed liquor dropwise with rubber head dropper in whipping process;Mixed liquor is poured into the mold in tool;Oven heat is placed the mould into after pouring, solidifies mixed liquor;After heating process terminates, mould is taken out from baking box, pulls down the model that mould can be molded;The model of shaping is put into baking box and take off fire and obtains epoxy resin photoelastic model.The mixed liquor course of reaction that the formula is prepared is not violent, and hardening time is shorter, and solidification process is simple, and model internal residual stress is smaller, chemical raw material small toxicity used.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Experimental Mechanics research field, specially a kind of epoxy resin photoelastic model and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Photoelastic method is a branch in Experimental Mechanics, and this method is exactly to be made and material object with optics sensitive material
Similar model, or optics sensitive material is pasted in actual components, under corresponding load action, with polarizing light irradiation and lead to
Cross the variation of stress calculated with regard to surface and inside can be obtained.The components of stress tried to achieve in this way are for engineering design
With enough precision, its intuitive is strong, and reliability is high, wide adaptability, can obtain whole stress in various complex conditions
State.It is particularly more difficult to theoretical calculation it is complex-shaped, load is complicated and has the component of stress concentration, photoelastic method is more
Its superiority can be shown.Because experiment by photoelastic method is that solve complicated two-dimensional, one kind of three-dimensional engineering structure stress analysis to have
Experimental method is imitated, it is paid attention to by academia and engineering circles always for a long time.Photoelastic phenomenon was just sent out early in 1816
It is existing, but just it is widely used in solving the problems, such as Practical Project until the 1930s, its main cause is just a lack of properly
Cast material.Many researchers once use phenolic resin, propyl benzene resin, makrolon, allyl resin and polyester tree
The materials such as fat are as photoelastic model material, but effect is not ideal enough.Until 1951, occur using epoxy resin as base
New elastooptic mateiral, this material is isotropic material, and its transparency and optical sensitivity are higher, initial stress and edge
Time effect is small, and mechanics optics creep is small, is easy to machining and machining stress is small, therefore as making photoelastic model
Ideal material.
Has the formula that some scholars sum up several making epoxy resin patterns at present, but these formulas have making
The shortcomings of complex process, complex steps, long fabrication cycle, raw material used in some formulas is also toxic, to body harm very
Greatly.These problems all considerably increase the complexity and difficulties of experiment by photoelastic method, have impact on the progress of experiment by photoelastic method.In order to gram
Disadvantages mentioned above is taken, the preparation method for simplifying and improving photoelastic model, just turns into the main object of the present invention.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome above-mentioned deficiency, reduces the complexity of epoxy resin photoelastic model manufacturing process, there is provided
A kind of operation is easier, fabrication cycle is shorter, the epoxy resin photoelastic model small to body harm and preparation method thereof.
Concrete technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of preparation method of epoxy resin photoelastic model, using 618# epoxy resin, methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride, accelerator
Four kinds of DMP-30, epoxy resin defoamer raw materials prepare mixed liquor;Prepare mixed liquor when first by load weighted methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride,
Epoxy resin defoamer, which is poured into epoxy resin, to be started to stir, and rubber head dropper is used in whipping process by load weighted DMP-30
Mixed liquor is instilled dropwise;Mixed liquor is poured into the mold in tool;Oven heat is placed the mould into after pouring, consolidates mixed liquor
Change;After heating process terminates, mould is taken out from baking box, pulls down the model that mould can be molded;By the model of shaping
It is put into baking box and take off fire and obtain epoxy resin photoelastic model.
Described preparation method, 618# epoxy resin, methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride, altax P-30, epoxy resin defoamer
The part by weight of four kinds of raw materials is 250:205:3:1.Altax P-30 curing reaction processes are very violent, if DMP-30 is used
Amount is excessive, and a large amount of sediments can be produced in the mixed liquor of preparation;If dosage is very few, the time that mixed liquor solidification needs can be very
It is long, the fabrication cycle of model is substantially prolongs, so as to influence the experiment progress in later stage.
Described preparation method, the temperature setting of solidification process are as follows:80 DEG C of constant temperature 2 hours, 85 DEG C of constant temperature 0.5 hour,
90 DEG C of constant temperature 0.5 hour, 95 DEG C of constant temperature 0.5 hour, 100 DEG C of constant temperature 2 hours, 95 DEG C of constant temperature 1 hour, 90 DEG C of constant temperature 1 hour, 85
DEG C constant temperature 1 hour, 80 DEG C of constant temperature 1 hour, 70 DEG C of constant temperature 1 hour.
Described preparation method, the temperature setting for taking off fiery process are as follows:70 DEG C of constant temperature 1 hour, 90 DEG C of constant temperature 1 hour,
110 DEG C of constant temperature 1 hour, 130 DEG C of constant temperature 1 hour, 150 DEG C of constant temperature 10 hours, then cool 2 DEG C per hour, until temperature drops to
Untill 30 DEG C.
Described preparation method, take off before fiery process starts, take one piece of glass for being slightly larger than epoxy resin photoelastic model bottom surface
Glass plate, successively with clear water and dipping in spirituous medical absorbent cotton glass cleaning wiped clean, then with dust-free cleaning cloth glass
Blackboard eraser is done;One layer of silicone oil is uniformly brushed in glass pane surface with brush, epoxy resin photoelastic model bottom surface is put on a glass,
One layer of oil film can be formed between model and glass plate.
Described preparation method, the mould are used using one layer of lucite parting bead composition is clamped among two pieces of glass plates
704 fluid sealants stick together glass plate and lucite parting bead;The bullet of the midsole layer 3-5 millimeters thicks of lucite parting bead
Property inner core.
Described preparation method, the lucite parting bead are U-typed organic glass frame.
Described preparation method, two pieces of glass plates are cleaned with clear water, then glass is wiped with the medical absorbent cotton for dipping in alcohol
Glass plate, glass pane surface is wiped to obtain bright smooth such as minute surface, then glass plate dried with dust-free cleaning cloth;Then JD-
909A releasing agents are equably sprayed on a face of glass plate, are slowly wiped in the same direction in glass pane surface with dust-free cleaning cloth
Wipe, releasing agent is smeared uniformly, glass pane surface is seemed smooth as before coating release agent, then glass plate
It is put into baking box constant temperature 20 minutes, temperature setting is 80 DEG C, and releasing agent is dried;Then with two pieces of glass plates clip lucite every
Bar, having the one side of releasing agent, the one of no releasing agent is faced outwardly, and glass plate 13 is clamped with grip block 14 inwardly;In organic glass
The outside of glass parting bead 11, the i.e. left side of mould, right side, downside, coat 704 fluid sealants, two pieces of glass plates and lucite parting bead
Stick together, the die space of certain volume is formd between two pieces of glass plates and lucite parting bead;704 fluid sealants are complete
After solidification, grip block is removed, Mold Making is completed.
The epoxy resin photoelastic model for making to obtain using any of the above-described described preparation method.The inventive method mixes
Liquid course of reaction is not violent, and hardening time is shorter, and solidification process is simple, and fire is taken off after model forming and is worked well, and internal residual should
Power is smaller, chemical raw material small toxicity used, has no irritating odor, and body is almost safe from harm.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is U-shaped lucite parting bead schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the U-shaped lucite parting bead schematic diagram plus elastic inner core;
Fig. 3 is the mould schematic diagram after being fixed with grip block;
Fig. 4 is the left side view of mould shown in Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram for pouring epoxy resin pattern process
Fig. 6 is the temperature and time graph of a relation of mixed liquor solidification process
Fig. 7 is the temperature and time graph of a relation that model takes off fiery process
In figure, 11 U-shaped lucite parting beads, 12 elastic inner cores, 13 glass plates, 14 grip blocks, 15 704 fluid sealants, 16
Funnel, 17 plastic pipes, 18 hospital gauzes.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment
A kind of new formula and preparation method for making epoxy resin photoelastic model of the present invention, it is preferably embodied
Mode is:
Reference picture 1- Fig. 4.Experimental needs, choose the suitable lucite parting bead 11 of size and two pieces of glass plates
13, lucite parting bead 11 is thickness 8mm U-typed organic glass frame in the present embodiment, the size one of two pieces of glass plates 13
Sample, its length x width x thickness are 410mm × 305mm × 6mm.The uniform scrubbing brush of 704 fluid sealants is being had with small brushes first
On the inside of the U-typed of machine glass strip 11, the thickness of brush is about 3-5 millimeters, waits 704 fluid sealant natural coagulations, forms 3-5 millimeters thicks
Elastic inner core 12.Two pieces of glass plates 13 are cleaned with clear water simultaneously, then with the medical absorbent cotton cleaning glass window plate 13 for dipping in alcohol,
Bright smooth such as minute surface is wiped to obtain on the surface of glass plate 13, then glass plate 13 dried with dust-free cleaning cloth.Then JD-909A
Releasing agent is equably sprayed on a face of glass plate 13, is slowly wiped in the same direction on the surface of glass plate 13 with dust-free cleaning cloth
Wipe, releasing agent is smeared uniformly, the surface of glass plate 13 is seemed smooth as before coating release agent, then glass
Plate 13 is put into baking box constant temperature 20 minutes, and temperature setting is 80 DEG C, and releasing agent is dried.Then clipped with two pieces of glass plates 13 organic
Glass strip 11, having the one side of releasing agent, the one of no releasing agent is faced outwardly, and glass plate 13 is clamped with grip block 14 inwardly.
704 fluid sealants are coated in the outside of lucite parting bead 11 (i.e. the left side of mould, right side, downside), two pieces of glass plates 13 and are had
Machine glass strip 11 sticks together, and the mould that certain volume is formd between two pieces of glass plates 13 and lucite parting bead 11 is empty
Between.After the solidification completely of 704 fluid sealants, grip block 14 is removed.
With reference to figure 5- Fig. 6.It is first according to 618# weight epoxies:Methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride weight:Altax P-30 weights
Amount:Epoxy resin defoamer weight=250:205:3:1 ratio, determine the weight needed for four kinds of raw materials.Altax P-30
Curing reaction process is very violent, if DMP-30 dosages are excessive, a large amount of sediments can be produced in the mixed liquor of preparation;If dosage
Very few, the time that mixed liquor solidification needs can be very long, the fabrication cycle of model is substantially prolongs, so as to which the experiment for influenceing the later stage is entered
Degree.If curing agent methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride dosage is very few, the curing proceeding of mixed liquor can be influenceed;If dosage is excessive, can influence
The optical property of model.Experiment by photoelastic method is that the birefringent phenomenon for the light having using epoxy resin reflects in model stress point
Cloth situation, then stress field is analyzed so as to draw experiment conclusion.If other material proportions are excessive in mixed liquor, epoxy
Resin ratio is smaller, will necessarily influence the birefringence effect of model.Similarly, the ratio of defoamer also need to only reach energy in mixed liquor
Enough avoid producing the effect of a large amount of bubbles, it is not necessary to which dosage is excessive., will with the good required epoxy resin of electronic balance weighing
It is put into constant temperature 2 hours in baking box, and temperature is 80 DEG C, the bubble in epoxy resin is escaped completely.With electronic balance weighing institute
Methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride and epoxy resin defoamer, are poured into epoxy by methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride, DMP-30, the epoxy resin defoamer needed
In resin, the mixed liquor of three kinds of raw materials is put into constant temperature water bath agitator and is stirred, mixing time is 30 minutes, water-bath temperature
Spend for 80 DEG C, mixing speed is moderate.In whipping process, load weighted altax P-30 mono- is dripped one with rubber head dropper
Drop slowly instills mixed liquor.After stirring terminates, one layer of hospital gauze 18 is padded in funnel 16, in the modeling of termination one of funnel 16 times
Sebific duct 17, the other end of plastic pipe 17 are inserted into mold bottom, and the mixed liquor being stirred very slowly is poured into funnel 16.Mixed liquor
Flowed into by funnel 16 and plastic pipe 17 in mould.After pouring, oven heat is placed the mould into, solidifies mixed liquor, Gu
The temperature setting of change process is as follows:80 DEG C of constant temperature 2 hours, 85 DEG C of constant temperature 0.5 hour, 90 DEG C of constant temperature 0.5 hour, 95 DEG C of constant temperature
0.5 hour, 100 DEG C of constant temperature 2 hours, 95 DEG C of constant temperature 1 hour, 90 DEG C of constant temperature 1 hour, 85 DEG C of constant temperature 1 hour, 80 DEG C of constant temperature 1 were small
When, 70 DEG C of constant temperature 1 hour.
At 80 DEG C, mixed liquor has just reached curing reaction temperature, starts gradually solidification, simply reacted at this temperature
Cheng Feichang is slow.100 DEG C be mixed liquor optimal reaction temperature, solidification process is very fast.But if temperature is directly set during solidification
100 DEG C are set to, mixeding liquid temperature quickly rises to 100 DEG C from 80 DEG C during stirring, and temperature change suddenly can make inside model
Larger residual stress is left, so as to influence experiment effect.Therefore the temperature setting of solidification process is according to certain from 80 DEG C
Gradient is increased to 100 degrees Celsius, its temperature is gradually risen.Similarly, after model is fully cured under the conditions of 100 DEG C, then
Temperature is gradually reduced from 100 DEG C, because now model has been cured shaping, solid under conditions of temperature abrupt change easily
Produce subtle flow, therefore the variable gradient of temperature be arranged to than heating when more slowly, avoid in temperature-fall period in model
Produce internal stress or produce subtle flow.After heating process terminates, mould is taken out from baking box, it is i.e. available to pull down mould
The model of shaping.
With reference to figure 7.Take one piece be slightly larger than epoxy resin Slab glass plate, successively with clear water and dip in it is spirituous medical
Absorbent cotton dries glass plate glass cleaning wiped clean, then with dust-free cleaning cloth.Uniformly brushed in glass pane surface with brush
One layer of silicone oil, epoxy resin Slab is placed on glass plate, and a thin layer of oil can be now formed between model and glass plate
Film, then put it into baking box and carry out taking off fire.The temperature setting for taking off fiery process is as follows:70 DEG C of constant temperature 1 hour, 90 DEG C of constant temperature 1
Hour, 110 DEG C of constant temperature 1 hour, 130 DEG C of constant temperature 1 hour, 150 DEG C of constant temperature 10 hours, then cool 2 DEG C per hour, until temperature
Untill dropping to 30 DEG C.If temperature directly reaches 150 DEG C, model may produce slight deformation, therefore because temperature raises suddenly
Need temperature being increased to 150 DEG C by certain gradient.Under conditions of model is all unfettered on each surface, at 150 DEG C by
Gradual change is soft indeformable.Model passes through the sufficiently long time at such a temperature, and model can be made to remain in inside when solidifying
Stress gradually discharges.Then allow model to cool down gradually with very slow speed, make model in cooling procedure it is internal not
The internal stress more than allowed band is produced again.
For example organic glass strip of material, glass plate that model uses are made in above-described embodiment can be replaced by other materials
Expect, the model structure of the writing board shape made in the present embodiment is using common materials such as lucite parting bead, glass plates.Such as
The model structure that fruit makes is complicated, such as three-dimensional model, and the materials such as silicon rubber, paraffin, gypsum can be needed to use according to experiment
Material makes variously-shaped mould.
Although the embodiment of the present invention is described by the above combination accompanying drawing, but it should be appreciated that
The description above is not considered as limitation of the present invention, after those skilled in the art have read the above, for this
A variety of modifications and substitutions of invention all will be apparent.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be by appended claims
Book limits, and any change on the basis of the claims in the present invention belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of preparation method of epoxy resin photoelastic model, it is characterised in that using 618# epoxy resin, methyl hexahydrobenzene
Four kinds of acid anhydride, altax P-30, epoxy resin defoamer raw materials prepare mixed liquor;618# epoxy resin, methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride, rush
Enter agent DMP-30, the part by weight of four kinds of raw materials of epoxy resin defoamer is 250:205:3:1;It will first be weighed when preparing mixed liquor
Methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride well, epoxy resin defoamer are poured into epoxy resin and start to stir, and rubber head dropper is used in whipping process
Load weighted DMP-30 is instilled into mixed liquor dropwise;Mixed liquor is poured into the mold in tool;Baking box is placed the mould into after pouring
Heating, solidifies mixed liquor;The temperature setting of solidification process is as follows:80 DEG C of constant temperature 2 hours, 85 DEG C of constant temperature 0.5 hour, 90 DEG C of perseverances
Temperature 0.5 hour, 95 DEG C of constant temperature 0.5 hour, 100 DEG C of constant temperature 2 hours, 95 DEG C of constant temperature 1 hour, 90 DEG C of constant temperature 1 hour, 85 DEG C of constant temperature
1 hour, 80 DEG C of constant temperature 1 hour, 70 DEG C of constant temperature 1 hour;After heating process terminates, mould is taken out from baking box, pulls down mould
The model that can be molded;The model of shaping is put into baking box and take off fire and obtains epoxy resin photoelastic model;Take off
The temperature setting of fiery process is as follows:70 DEG C of constant temperature 1 hour, 90 DEG C of constant temperature 1 hour, 110 DEG C of constant temperature 1 hour, 130 DEG C of constant temperature 1 are small
When, 150 DEG C of constant temperature 10 hours, then cool 2 DEG C per hour, untill temperature drops to 30 DEG C.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that take off before fiery process starts, take one piece to be slightly larger than epoxy
The glass plate of resin photoelastic model bottom surface, with clear water and dip in spirituous medical absorbent cotton successively glass cleaning is wiped
Only, then with dust-free cleaning cloth glass plate dry;One layer of silicone oil is uniformly brushed in glass pane surface with brush, epoxy resin is photoelastic
Property model bottom surface is put on a glass, and one layer of oil film can be formed between model and glass plate.
3. preparation method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the mould is using clamping one among two pieces of glass plates
Layer lucite parting bead composition, is sticked together glass plate and lucite parting bead with 704 fluid sealants;Lucite parting bead it is interior
There is the elastic inner core of one layer of 3-5 millimeters thick side.
4. preparation method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the lucite parting bead is U-typed lucite
Framework.
5. preparation method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that two pieces of glass plates are cleaned with clear water, then with dipping in
The medical absorbent cotton cleaning glass window plate of alcohol, glass pane surface is wiped to obtain bright smooth such as minute surface, then uses dust-free cleaning cloth handle
Glass plate is dried;Then JD-909A releasing agents are equably sprayed on a face of glass plate, with dust-free cleaning cloth in glass plate
Surface is slowly wiped in the same direction, and releasing agent is smeared uniformly, glass pane surface is seemed as before coating release agent
It is smooth, glass plate is then put into baking box constant temperature 20 minutes, temperature setting is 80 DEG C, and releasing agent is dried;Then with two
Block glass plate clips lucite parting bead, and having the one side of releasing agent, the one of no releasing agent faces outwardly inwardly, with grip block 14
Glass plate 13 clamps;In the outside of lucite parting bead 11, the i.e. left side of mould, right side, downside, 704 fluid sealants are coated, two pieces
Glass plate and lucite parting bead are sticked together, and the mould of certain volume is formd between two pieces of glass plates and lucite parting bead
Has space;After the solidification completely of 704 fluid sealants, grip block is removed, Mold Making is completed.
6. according to any described preparation methods of claim 1-5, it is characterised in that after mixed liquor stirs, through funnel and
Plastic pipe is slowly poured into mould;The upper end of plastic pipe is connected with funnel lower end, and lower end reaches mould bottommost, so can be with
Avoid producing bubble in casting process.
7. obtained epoxy resin photoelastic model is made according to any described preparation methods of claim 1-5.
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CN106928657A (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2017-07-07 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of production method of the epoxy resin board for photoelastic experiment test |
CN108036882B (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2022-07-08 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Photoelastic experimental device for observing stress of top coal caving mining |
CN110320116A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2019-10-11 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | It is a kind of it is photoelastic with caustics method synchronize the blasting experiment system that uses |
CN112757676A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2021-05-07 | 云南农业大学 | Method for manufacturing epoxy resin honeycomb model by demolding with demolding agent |
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