CN105290572A - Welding method for ultrahigh-strength steel - Google Patents
Welding method for ultrahigh-strength steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN105290572A CN105290572A CN201510924857.7A CN201510924857A CN105290572A CN 105290572 A CN105290572 A CN 105290572A CN 201510924857 A CN201510924857 A CN 201510924857A CN 105290572 A CN105290572 A CN 105290572A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/38—Selection of media, e.g. special atmospheres for surrounding the working area
- B23K35/383—Selection of media, e.g. special atmospheres for surrounding the working area mainly containing noble gases or nitrogen
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/02—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/18—Sheet panels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
- B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
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Abstract
The invention discloses a welding method for ultrahigh-strength steel. Aiming at the current situation that blanks exist in the welding process for ultrahigh-strength anti-penetration protecting steel with yield strength being 1150 MPa or more, by the adoption of the low-preheating-temperature, low-layer-temperature and small-heat-input solid core welding wire argon-rich gas protecting welding process, on the premise of preventing cold cracking, the influence on welded joint strength and toughness from weld heat input is reduced, the problems that welded joints of ultrahigh-hardness and ultrahigh-strength steel plates lose strength and the low-temperature toughness is lowered are solved, the defect-free welded joints are obtained, residual stress is reduced, the comprehensive mechanical property of the welded joints is improved, weld cracks are avoided, and then welding quality is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to welding technology field, especially relate to a kind of same steel grade welding method with the superhigh intensity penertration resistance protection steel of high rigidity, high-yield strength, high-tensile and superior low-temperature toughness index.
Background technology
Unimach has high rigidity, high strength due to needs, generally intensity is improved by improving carbon content and adding alloy in Composition Design, the carbon equivalent of steel plate is caused to improve like this, weldability is deteriorated, welding cold cracking inclination obviously increases, the preheat temperature needed improves, and is degrading welding work situation; If it is improper that welding procedure controls, the second-phase tissue that easy generation is hard and crisp, heat affected area microstructure coarsening, intensity and hardness improve, but toughness declines greatly, there is the phenomenon of joint sclerosis, softening and coarse grain zone degraded toughness, welding point no longer has the mechanical property of the excellence consistent with mother metal, be difficult to meet the toughness of material index required for the external shell attack of opposing, so that structural member self produces brittle failure, become the weak spot of total, thus have influence on welded overall military service performance.This is for the structural member requiring safeguard function, if lose safeguard function because of itself fail, will cause the loss that cannot retrieve.Therefore, for unimach, the quality of weld joint of the toughness such as acquisition is obviously more important.
Disclosed in State Intellectual Property Office, the application number of Shandong University's application is 200610070181.0, name is called the patent of " the not preheated weld technique of 800MPa high strength steel ", its welding procedure is applicable to the steel of tensile strength 800MPa level, belong to low-intensity rank high strength steel category, 800MPa level high-strength steel is used widely both at home and abroad at present, and welding procedure is ripe.Disclosed in State Intellectual Property Office, the application number of ZhengZhou mine machine Group Co., Ltd's application is 200610128410.X, the patent of " welding method of Hi-Stren steel " by name, the patent provides a kind of welding technique of yield strength 900MPa level steel, have employed low strong coupling and obtain the property of welded joint required, is attempt the welding first of this rank steel.
And at present, the welding method for yield strength 1150MPa and above unimach but has no disclosed prior art.In view of 1150MPa and above unimach and above-mentioned high strength steel intensity rank have notable difference, if continue to use existing welding procedure, the comprehensive mechanical property of its welding point is difficult to the obdurability reached with code requirement and matches, and easily occurs weld crack, affects welding quality.
Therefore, how to provide a kind of welding method of unimach, improve the comprehensive mechanical property of welding point, avoid occurring weld crack, and then raising welding quality is the technical problem that current those skilled in the art need solution badly.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of welding method of unimach, utilize this welding method welding super strong steel, the comprehensive mechanical property of welding point can be improved, avoid occurring weld crack, and then improve welding quality.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, technical scheme provided by the invention is:
A welding method for unimach, comprises the following steps:
1) unimach to be welded: steel plate thickness is 5mm ~ 40mm, mass percent≤0.65% of carbon equivalent in steel plate, the yield strength of steel plate is not less than 1150MPa, and the Brinell hardness of steel plate is 400HBW ~ 550HBW;
Welding material: adopt solid core welding wire, gage of wire is 1.2mm, adopt full-argon gas shielded arc welding to connect, protective gas consists of 80%Ar+20%CO
2;
2) bevel: when steel plate thickness is less than 14mm, adopt V-type 60 ° of grooves, root face amount 3mm, group is 2mm to gap; When steel plate thickness is not less than 14mm, adopt X-type 60 ° ~ 70 ° grooves, adopt fine finishining mode bevel, root face amount is 2mm, and group is 2mm to gap;
3) welding pretreatment: moisture, grease, paint and iron rust are removed in groove and 30mm ~ 50mm region, both sides thereof, and polish smooth;
4) weld: in welding process, technological parameter is:
When steel plate thickness is less than 14mm, need not preheating can weld before weldering; When steel plate thickness is not less than 14mm, welding previous crops the pre-heat treatment, preheat temperature is 100 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C, and heat range is 150mm ~ 200mm around weld seam;
Dry extension of electrode is 15mm ~ 20mm, and gas flow is 20L/min ~ 25L/min, and weld interpass temperature controls at 100 DEG C ~ 170 DEG C;
Backing welding adopts ER70S-G welding wire, and welding current is 120A ~ 140A, and weldingvoltage is 20V ~ 22V, heat input 9KJ/cm ~ 12KJ/cm;
Fill weldering and adopt ER120S-G welding wire, welding current is 240A ~ 260A, and weldingvoltage is 27V ~ 30V, and heat input is 9KJ/cm ~ 24KJ/cm;
Cosmetic welding adopts ER120S-G welding wire, and welding current is 240A ~ 280A, and weldingvoltage is 26V ~ 30V, and heat input is 9KJ/cm ~ 24KJ/cm;
Welding is carried out uninterrupted continuously;
5) welding position is heated to 180 DEG C ~ 200 DEG C by postwelding, insulation 3h ~ 4h, and then with stove Slow cooling, cooling velocity is 50 DEG C/h; Come out of the stove when being chilled to 100 DEG C add heat-preservation cotton parcel slow down cooling velocity, until be down to room temperature.
Preferably, described step 2) in, X-type groove is asymmetric groove, upper groove 70 °, lower groove 60 °, and upper groove and lower groove depth are pressed 3:2 and controlled.
Preferably, described step 4) in, during backing welding, be incubated 20min ~ 30min under preheat temperature after, start welding again.
Preferably, described step 4) in, install run-on tab and arc-extinguishing plate during welding additional, and the same size of run-on tab, arc-extinguishing plate and weld groove.
Advantageous Effects of the present invention:
(1) the present invention adopts low hydrogen wlding, lower weld metal yield strength, effectively can prevent welding cold cracking, reduce welding seam alloying degree, thus reduce joint hardenability, decrease the quantity of weld seam bainite and martensite tissue, reduce the possibility of weld cracking.
(2) for different size unimach steel plate, select different groove types, while taking into account penetration weld, avoid the unfavorable factors such as stress concentration degree that traditional straight flange bevel shape brings is large.
(3) pre-fire system of groove wide region decreases the thermograde of weldment, decreases the degree of hardening of weld dimensions, improves crack resistance.
(4), in backing welding, adopt less heat input, ensure that penetration, avoid the generation of the defects such as root pore.
(5) the present invention is ensureing under certain welding efficiency prerequisite, adopts suitable interlayer temperature to control, avoids the too high appearance impacting toughness decline phenomenon of temperature.
(6) the present invention adopts suitable thermal weld stress amount to coordinate technique, the negative influence that the microstructure and mechanical property of the weld metal and heat affected area that reduce Thermal Cycle process Welded Joints brings, there is the M-A tissue of too much martensite and continued presence when avoiding the more unimach Large Heat Input Welding of alloying element, and then affect the problem of impact flexibility of weld metal.
(7) for ensureing thin specification steel plate welding point penetration, adopt double V-groove, and Thin Specs adopts this double V-groove and X-type groove by comparison, more effectively can avoid the generation of root run cracking phenomena.
(8) the present invention adopts postheating technique, avoids cosmetic welding rear surface cracking on the one hand, reduces welding residual stress on the other hand, ensure that the safe and reliable of whole welded unit.
(9) steel plate can weld within the scope of the suitable thermal weld stress of 9KJ/cm ~ 24KJ/cm, and wlding is general, convenient to be obtained; Apply under this technology can prevent high-alloy steel from welding cold cracking prerequisite, the welding point of the toughness such as acquisition, avoids component failure problem; Thin specification steel plate need not can weld in preheating, and welding sequence controls obviously to simplify; The temperature drop creating unimach postwelding controls practical technique.
(10) by the regulation of retaining wall on slope, preheating, welding road subparameter, the requirement of post weld heat treatment difference etc. detail, reduce the degree of dependence to manual operation experience, reduce the impact of welding condition fluctuation, process operability improves, there is economy and facility, efficiency of construction is high, Technological adaptability is strong, postwelding stable performance, be beneficial to the on-the-spot advantage promoted, effectively improve the security reliability of component.
To sum up, the present invention is directed to the present situation of above-mentioned yield strength 1150MPa and above superhigh intensity penertration resistance protection steel welding technology aspect existence blank, provide a kind of welding method of unimach, by adopting low preheating, low layer temperature, the solid core welding wire full-argon gas shielded arc welding of little heat input connects technique, under the prerequisite preventing cold cracking, reduce the impact of thermal weld stress Welded Joints intensity and toughness, solve ultrahigh hardness, ultrahigh-strength steel plates welding point loses strong and low-temperature flexibility decline problem, obtain zero defect welding point and reduce residual stress, improve the comprehensive mechanical property of welding point, avoid and occur weld crack, and then improve welding quality.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the distribution curve of welding point each position hardness along its length that embodiment 1 obtains;
Fig. 2 is the distribution curve of welding point each position hardness along its length that embodiment 2 obtains.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to understand the present invention further, below in conjunction with embodiment, the preferred embodiment of the invention is described, but should be appreciated that these descriptions just further illustrate feature of the present invention and advantage, instead of limiting to the claimed invention.
The invention provides a kind of welding method of unimach, comprise the following steps:
1) unimach to be welded: steel plate thickness is 5mm ~ 40mm, mass percent≤0.65% of carbon equivalent in steel plate, the yield strength of steel plate is not less than 1150MPa, and the Brinell hardness of steel plate is 400HBW ~ 550HBW;
Welding material: adopt solid core welding wire, gage of wire is 1.2mm, adopt full-argon gas shielded arc welding to connect, protective gas consists of 80%Ar+20%CO
2;
2) bevel: when steel plate thickness is less than 14mm, adopt V-type 60 ° of grooves, root face amount 3mm, group is 2mm to gap; When steel plate thickness is not less than 14mm, adopt X-type 60 ° ~ 70 ° grooves, adopt fine finishining mode bevel, root face amount is 2mm, and group is 2mm to gap;
3) welding pretreatment: moisture, grease, paint and iron rust are removed in groove and 30mm ~ 50mm region, both sides thereof, and polish smooth;
4) weld: in welding process, technological parameter is:
When steel plate thickness is less than 14mm, need not preheating can weld before weldering; When steel plate thickness is not less than 14mm, welding previous crops the pre-heat treatment, preheat temperature is 100 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C, and heat range is 150mm ~ 200mm around weld seam;
Dry extension of electrode is 15mm ~ 20mm, and gas flow is 20L/min ~ 25L/min, and weld interpass temperature controls at 100 DEG C ~ 170 DEG C;
Backing welding adopts ER70S-G welding wire, and welding current is 120A ~ 140A, and weldingvoltage is 20V ~ 22V, heat input 9KJ/cm ~ 12KJ/cm;
Fill weldering and adopt ER120S-G welding wire, welding current is 240A ~ 260A, and weldingvoltage is 27V ~ 30V, and heat input is 9KJ/cm ~ 24KJ/cm;
Cosmetic welding adopts ER120S-G welding wire, and welding current is 240A ~ 280A, and weldingvoltage is 26V ~ 30V, and heat input is 9KJ/cm ~ 24KJ/cm;
Welding is carried out uninterrupted continuously;
5) welding position is heated to 180 DEG C ~ 200 DEG C by postwelding, insulation 3h ~ 4h, and then with stove Slow cooling, cooling velocity is 50 DEG C/h; Come out of the stove when being chilled to 100 DEG C add heat-preservation cotton parcel slow down cooling velocity, until be down to room temperature.
In one embodiment of the invention, described step 2) in, X-type groove is asymmetric groove, upper groove 70 °, lower groove 60 °, and upper groove and lower groove depth are pressed 3:2 and controlled.
In one embodiment of the invention, described step 4) in, during backing welding, be incubated 20min ~ 30min under preheat temperature after, start welding again.
In one embodiment of the invention, described step 4) in, install run-on tab and arc-extinguishing plate during welding additional, and the same size of run-on tab, arc-extinguishing plate and weld groove.
The present invention is directed to the present situation of above-mentioned yield strength 1150MPa and above superhigh intensity penertration resistance protection steel welding technology aspect existence blank, provide a kind of welding method of unimach, by adopting low preheating, low layer temperature, the solid core welding wire full-argon gas shielded arc welding of little heat input connects technique, under preventing the prerequisite of cold cracking, reduce the impact of thermal weld stress Welded Joints intensity and toughness, solve ultrahigh hardness, ultrahigh-strength steel plates welding point loses strong and low-temperature flexibility decline problem, obtain zero defect welding point and reduce residual stress, improve the comprehensive mechanical property of welding point, avoid and occur weld crack, and then improve welding quality.
The raw material that the present invention does not elaborate, method and device etc. are prior art.
In order to understand the present invention further, be described in detail below in conjunction with the welding method of embodiment to a kind of unimach provided by the invention, protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
Embodiment 1
Employing yield strength rank is the ultrahigh-strength steel plates of 1260MPa level, and steel plate thickness is combined as 10mm+10mm, Ar gas and CO
2mixed gases matching is: Ar gas: 80%, CO
2: 20%; Adopt V-type 60 ° of grooves, root face amount is 3mm, and group is 2mm to gap.
Directly weld under ultrahigh-strength steel plates normal temperature to be welded, backing welding ER70S-G welding wire, welding current is 140A, and arc voltage is 22V, and speed of welding is 185mm/min, weld heat input is 10KJ/cm.
Then, fill weldering, cosmetic welding adopts ER120S-G welding wire, welding current 240A ~ 260A, arc voltage 27V ~ 30V, speed of welding 205mm/min ~ 430mm/min, weld heat input are 9.04KJ/cm ~ 19.7KJ/cm; Its weld seam interlayer temperature controls at 110 DEG C ~ 140 DEG C.
Postheating to 200 DEG C insulation is with stove Slow cooling after 3 hours, and cooling velocity is 50 DEG C/h; Come out of the stove when being chilled to 100 DEG C add heat-preservation cotton parcel slow down cooling velocity, until be down to room temperature.
Mechanical properties test is carried out to the welding point that the present embodiment obtains, the results are shown in Table 1 and Fig. 1.
Embodiment 2
Employing yield strength rank is the ultra-high strength steel plate of 1320MPa level, and steel plate thickness is combined as 20mm+20mm, Ar gas and CO
2mixed gases matching is: Ar gas: 80%, CO
2: 20%; On asymmetry X-groove, groove is 70 °, and lower groove is 60 °, and upper groove depth is 10.8mm, and lower groove depth is 7.2mm, and root face amount is 2mm, and group is 2mm to gap.
Unimach to be welded is preheating to 120 DEG C of insulations and within 30 minutes, starts welding, heat range: each 150mm in groove both sides.
Backing welding ER70S-G welding wire, welding current is 130A, and arc voltage is 21V, and speed of welding is 172mm/min, weld heat input is 9.5KJ/cm.
Then, fill weldering, cosmetic welding adopts ER120S-G welding wire, welding current is 240A ~ 260A, and arc voltage is 27V ~ 30V, and speed of welding is 190mm/min ~ 285mm/min, weld heat input is 13.6KJ/cm ~ 24.6KJ/cm; Its weld seam interlayer temperature controls at 130 DEG C ~ 160 DEG C.
Postheating to 185 DEG C insulation is with stove Slow cooling after 3.5 hours, and cooling velocity is 50 DEG C/h; Come out of the stove when being chilled to 100 DEG C add heat-preservation cotton parcel slow down cooling velocity, until be down to room temperature.
Mechanical properties test is carried out to the welding point that the present embodiment obtains, the results are shown in Table 1 and Fig. 2.
The welding joint mechanical property assay that table 1 embodiment obtains
Can be obtained by table 1, Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, utilize welding method welding super strong steel provided by the invention, rationally, each position, welding point heat affected area hardness is even, meets the obdurability index of code requirement for toughness and tenacity coupling.Do not occur weld crack, weldment has higher welding quality.
The explanation of above embodiment just understands method of the present invention and core concept thereof for helping.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also carry out some improvement and modification to the present invention, these improve and modify and also fall in the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.
To the above-mentioned explanation of the disclosed embodiments, professional and technical personnel in the field are realized or uses the present invention.Multiple amendment for these embodiments is that apparent, defined herein General Principle can without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention, realize in other embodiments for those skilled in the art.Therefore, the present invention can not be restricted to these embodiments shown in this article, but will meet the most wide region consistent with principle disclosed herein and features of novelty.
Claims (4)
1. a welding method for unimach, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) unimach to be welded: steel plate thickness is 5mm ~ 40mm, mass percent≤0.65% of carbon equivalent in steel plate, the yield strength of steel plate is not less than 1150MPa, and the Brinell hardness of steel plate is 400HBW ~ 550HBW;
Welding material: adopt solid core welding wire, gage of wire is 1.2mm, adopt full-argon gas shielded arc welding to connect, protective gas consists of 80%Ar+20%CO
2;
2) bevel: when steel plate thickness is less than 14mm, adopt V-type 60 ° of grooves, root face amount 3mm, group is 2mm to gap; When steel plate thickness is not less than 14mm, adopt X-type 60 ° ~ 70 ° grooves, adopt fine finishining mode bevel, root face amount is 2mm, and group is 2mm to gap;
3) welding pretreatment: moisture, grease, paint and iron rust are removed in groove and 30mm ~ 50mm region, both sides thereof, and polish smooth;
4) weld: in welding process, technological parameter is:
When steel plate thickness is less than 14mm, need not preheating can weld before weldering; When steel plate thickness is not less than 14mm, welding previous crops the pre-heat treatment, preheat temperature is 100 DEG C ~ 150 DEG C, and heat range is 150mm ~ 200mm around weld seam;
Dry extension of electrode is 15mm ~ 20mm, and gas flow is 20L/min ~ 25L/min, and weld interpass temperature controls at 100 DEG C ~ 170 DEG C;
Backing welding adopts ER70S-G welding wire, and welding current is 120A ~ 140A, and weldingvoltage is 20V ~ 22V, heat input 9KJ/cm ~ 12KJ/cm;
Fill weldering and adopt ER120S-G welding wire, welding current is 240A ~ 260A, and weldingvoltage is 27V ~ 30V, and heat input is 9KJ/cm ~ 24KJ/cm;
Cosmetic welding adopts ER120S-G welding wire, and welding current is 240A ~ 280A, and weldingvoltage is 26V ~ 30V, and heat input is 9KJ/cm ~ 24KJ/cm;
Welding is carried out uninterrupted continuously;
5) welding position is heated to 180 DEG C ~ 200 DEG C by postwelding, insulation 3h ~ 4h, and then with stove Slow cooling, cooling velocity is 50 DEG C/h; Come out of the stove when being chilled to 100 DEG C add heat-preservation cotton parcel slow down cooling velocity, until be down to room temperature.
2. welding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step 2) in, X-type groove is asymmetric groove, upper groove 70 °, lower groove 60 °, and upper groove and lower groove depth are pressed 3:2 and controlled.
3. welding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step 4) in, during backing welding, be incubated 20min ~ 30min under preheat temperature after, start welding again.
4. welding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step 4) in, install run-on tab and arc-extinguishing plate during welding additional, and the same size of run-on tab, arc-extinguishing plate and weld groove.
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