CN105289600A - Magnesium air battery carbon load Pt-Mo alloy catalyst preparation method - Google Patents
Magnesium air battery carbon load Pt-Mo alloy catalyst preparation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a carbon load Pt-Mo alloy catalyst preparation method and application of the carbon load Pt-Mo alloy catalyst in magnesium air batteries. In an inert atmosphere, a Pt and Mo containing precursor is reduced at room temperature by dipping reduction method by use of water as a solvent and sodium borohydride as a reducing agent for synthesizing the carbon load Pt-Mo alloy catalyst, the carbon load Pt-Mo alloy catalyst product has good alloying degree, the morphology of the nano-structured metal particles is regular, compared with a same metal loading amount carbon load Pt catalyst prepared under the same conditions, the carbon load Pt-Mo alloy catalyst has excellent oxygen reduction catalytic activity, and has higher voltage platform and specific capacity in the magnesium air battery system. The carbon load Pt-Mo alloy catalyst preparation method is simple in process and low-cost, and has good application prospects.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to catalyst and air cell technical field, relate to a kind of preparation method of magnesium air cell carbon supporting Pt-Mo alloy catalyst.
Background technology
Metal-air battery has that high theoretical specific energy, low cost, structure are simple, advantages of environment protection, is a kind of desirable electrochemical energy storage and conversion equipment.Magnesium rich reserves, cheap on earth, reactivity is high, and theoretical specific capacity is up to 2.2Ah/g, and relative safety is higher, and therefore magnesium air cell is a kind of electrochmical power source with broad prospect of application.
Magnesium air cell is made up of magnesium anode, electrolyte and air cathode.In the process of magnesium air cell electric discharge, the magnesium metal of anode is oxidized to magnesium ion, O
2through air cathode, be reduced into OH at gas-solid body-liquid three phase boundary
-.Still there is a lot of problem in current magnesium air cell, real work voltage is usually less than 1.2 volts, and not as good as the half of theoretical value, actual specific energy also differs greatly with theoretical value.Causing the one of the main reasons of the problems referred to above, is air cathode oxygen reduction reaction dynamics slowly, and the dynamic process of hydrogen reduction and air cathode catalyst closely related.
Pt is the air cathode catalyst that oxygen reduction catalytic activity is the highest, but Pt's is expensive, and stability is good not.By the transition metal alloy of Pt and other cheapnesss, the Pt based alloy catalyst made, not only reduces cost, has higher oxygen reduction activity and stability simultaneously; By the Pt particulate load of nanoscale on the material with carbon element of high-specific surface area, also can reduce Pt consumption under the prerequisite ensureing oxygen reduction activity.
The electronic structure of Mo is 4d
55s
1, d electron number is less than Pt, and when forming alloy with Pt, the part d electro transfer of Pt, to the d track of Mo, adds the d orbital vacancy quantity of Pt, makes d orbital vacancy and the O of Pt
2the effect of O-O key more strong, thus impel the carrying out of O-O bond fission process, improve the hydrogen reduction efficiency of Pt.The price of Mo is far below Pt simultaneously, and therefore Mo is a kind of alloy element of desirable Pt based alloy catalyst.But due to Pt and Mo miscibility difference and Mo
n+/ Mo
0reduction potential difference large, still there is a lot of problem in the technique of preparation Pt-Mo alloy catalyst.The preparation method of current Pt-Mo alloy catalyst mainly contains vacuum melting simple metal, pyrolysis organic matter, and immersion reduction method.The method that Pt-Mo alloy catalyst is the most direct, alloying level is the highest prepared by vacuum melting simple metal, but high smelting temperature must cause high cost, and Pt-Mo alloy prepared by vacuum melting is difficult to realize carbon load and nanometer.The organic method of pyrolysis needs heating, and product alloying level is very low, containing a large amount of Mo oxides in the middle of product, need through follow-up in inert gas high-temperature heat treatment, alloy could be formed by reduced oxide, also there is higher cost.And be commonly used to the immersion reduction method preparing carbon supporting Pt alloy at present, during for the preparation of Pt-Mo alloy, conventional organic solvent is as reaction medium, not only environment, human body are harmful to, also need to remove organic matter by subsequent heat treatment, the product alloying level of immersion reduction method is not high yet simultaneously, includes a large amount of Mo oxide, need carry out high-temperature heat treatment with reduced oxide, formation alloy in inert gas.If can realize by immersion reduction method at normal temperatures, take water as solvent, prepare the carbon supporting Pt-Mo catalyst that alloying level is good, the preparation cost of Pt-Mo alloy catalyst will be made to reduce.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the deficiency for above-mentioned existing preparation method, a kind of preparation method of simple magnesium air cell carbon supporting Pt-Mo alloy catalyst is provided, be that reducing agent carries out coreduction at normal temperatures with sodium borohydride in inert atmosphere, thus prepare alloying level good, the carbon supporting Pt-Mo alloy catalyst with high catalytic activity.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
A preparation method for magnesium air cell carbon supporting Pt-Mo alloy catalyst, comprises the following steps:
A. by water, carbon support material, Pt presoma, the mixing of Mo presoma, within ultrasonic 15 minutes, suspension is obtained;
B. being moved on to by suspension has in the glove box of inert atmosphere;
C. in suspension, sodium borohydride aqueous solution is added, magnetic agitation reaction 3-6 hour;
D. reacted suspension is shifted out glove box, use washed with de-ionized water several times, centrifugal, dry, obtain black powder.
Preferably, in step a, carbon carrier is selected from one of nano-carbon material carbon black, carbon gel, CNT, Graphene.Pt presoma is made into the Pt precursor water solution that concentration is 50mM, and Mo presoma is made into the Mo precursor water solution that concentration is 50mM, then Pt precursor water solution, Mo precursor water solution is mixed with water, carbon carrier.Pt presoma is chloroplatinic acid.Mo presoma is villaumite or the molybdate of molybdenum.
Preferably, in step b, the oxygen content in glove box is less than 10ppm, suspension before putting into glove box, first deoxygenation in the transitional storehouse of glove box.
Preferably, in step c, the addition of sodium borohydride is excessive, first sodium borohydride is made into sodium borohydride aqueous solution, then is joined by sodium borohydride aqueous solution in the suspension in stirring.
Preferably, in steps d, vacuum drying 3 hours at drying refers to 40 DEG C.
Be 1-10nm according to the metal particle size in carbon supporting Pt-Mo alloy catalyst prepared by above-mentioned preparation method.
The method that above-mentioned carbon supporting Pt-Mo alloy catalyst is used for magnesium air cell is as follows:
Join after carefully being ground by the powder obtained in the mixed solution of binding agent and ethanol, sonic oscillation is even, is coated on glass-carbon electrode, in oxygen saturation 3.5wt% sodium-chloride water solution, carries out cyclic voltammetry.To be coated in the air cathode as magnesium air cell on the carbon paper being with and filling and leading up layer after powder after grinding mixes with binding agent, water, alcohol, using the NaCl aqueous solution of 3.5wt% as electrolyte, pure magnesium is as anode assembling air cell.
Feature of the present invention is to adopt sodium borohydride reduction directly to synthesize carbon loaded with nano Pt-Mo alloy catalyst at normal temperatures, the alloying level that resulting materials does not need subsequent heat treatment can reach good, the little and even particle distribution of metallic particles particle diameter.This carbon loaded with nano Pt-Mo alloy catalyst, in oxygen saturation sodium-chloride water solution, shows the oxygen reduction catalytic activity of the carbon loaded Pt catalyst higher than the same percentage of metal prepared under equal conditions; Voltage platform in magnesium air cell and specific capacity are also higher than the carbon loaded Pt catalyst of the same percentage of metal prepared under equal conditions.
Be described further below with reference to the technique effect of accompanying drawing to design of the present invention, instantiation and generation, to understand the present invention fully.The object providing these to illustrate only is to help to explain the present invention, should not be used for limiting the scope of claim of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the XRD collection of illustrative plates of the Pt-Mo/C catalyst that embodiment 1 prepares;
Fig. 2 is the TEM pattern of the Pt-Mo/C catalyst that embodiment 1 prepares;
Fig. 3 is the cyclic voltammetry curve of Pt-Mo/C catalyst in oxygen saturation sodium chloride solution that embodiment 1 prepares;
Fig. 4 is Pt-Mo/C catalyst 5mA/cm in magnesium air cell that embodiment 1 prepares
2current density under specific discharge capacity-voltage curve.
Fig. 5 is the XRD collection of illustrative plates of the Pt-Mo/C catalyst that embodiment 2 prepares;
Fig. 6 is the TEM pattern of the Pt-Mo/C catalyst that embodiment 2 prepares;
Fig. 7 is the cyclic voltammetry curve of Pt-Mo/C catalyst in oxygen saturation sodium chloride solution that embodiment 2 prepares;
Fig. 8 is Pt-Mo/C catalyst 5mA/cm in magnesium air cell that embodiment 2 prepares
2current density under specific discharge capacity-voltage curve.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by way of specific embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.Following examples further illustrate of the present invention, but do not limit the scope of the invention.
The Pt-Mo/C catalyst obtained prepared in following examples apply in magnesium air cell and method of testing as follows:
The nanometer powder prepared with the present embodiment is Pt-Mo/C alloy catalyst, the Nafion coating solution of 5mg catalyst, 1mL ethanol and 50 μ L to be mixed in measuring cup and sonic oscillation 20min, the mixed liquor pipetting 10 μ L is slowly added drop-wise on glass-carbon electrode, after its in atmosphere drying, carry out cyclic voltammetry.Cyclic voltammetry adopts three-electrode system, the glass-carbon electrode scribbling catalyst is working electrode, platinum electrode is to electrode, calomel electrode is reference electrode, electrolyte is the sodium chloride solution of 3.5wt%, before test, high purity oxygen is to reach oxygen saturation logical half an hour, and sweep limits is 0.7 to-1V, and sweep speed is 50mV/s.Constant-current discharge test in air cell is carried out on LAND cell tester (Wuhan Lan electricity Electronics Co., Ltd.), current density 5mA/cm
2, electrolyte is 3.5wt%NaCl solution, and air cathode is the carbon paper applying a certain amount of catalyst, and anode is pure magnesium.
The synthesis of embodiment 1Pt-Mo/C (3:1) catalyst
1, with carbon gel, chloroplatinic acid, sodium molybdate are raw material, than the ratio for Pt:Mo=3:1, carbon gel, chloroplatinic acid aqueous solution and sodium molybdate aqueous solution are joined in deionized water according to carbon content 80%, mole atom, after sonic oscillation 20min, the glove box of filling with inert gas in reaction vessel is moved into.
2, in glove box, take sodium borohydride solids and soluble in water, sodium borohydride aqueous solution is joined lentamente in the suspension of carbon containing, Pt, Mo, by above-mentioned suspension magnetic agitation 4 hours in an inert atmosphere.
3, the suspension after reaction is shifted out glove box, pour out supernatant liquor, after gained grey black solid spends deionized water several, 40 DEG C of vacuum drying, obtain the catalyst fines of black.
Carbon supporting Pt/Mo alloy catalyst that the present embodiment prepares, the Pt-C catalyst that nearly 3:1, the XRD diffraction maximum of atomic ratio that EDS records Pt and Mo is prepared compared with same process is to high angle displacement, and show there is Lattice Contraction phenomenon, alloying level is good.The metallic particles size of gained catalyst is about 4.9nm, is uniformly distributed on the carbon carrier.
The hydrogen reduction current peak of carbon supporting Pt/Mo alloy catalyst in saturated nacl aqueous solution that the present embodiment prepares is 21.1mA/cm
2it is 2.65 times of the Pt-C catalyst that same process is prepared, in magnesium air cell, discharge platform voltage is 1.34V, the Pt-C catalyst prepared compared to same process improves 7.49%, discharge capacity is 1311mAh/g, and the Pt-C catalyst prepared compared to same process improves 13.41%.
The synthesis of embodiment 2Pt-Mo/C (1:1) catalyst:
1, with carbon gel, chloroplatinic acid, sodium molybdate are raw material, than the ratio for Pt:Mo=1:1, carbon gel, chloroplatinic acid aqueous solution and sodium molybdate aqueous solution are joined in deionized water according to carbon content 80%, mole atom, after sonic oscillation 20min, reaction vessel is moved into glove box.
2, in glove box, take sodium borohydride solids and soluble in water, and sodium borohydride aqueous solution is joined lentamente in the suspension of carbon containing, Pt, Mo, by above-mentioned suspension magnetic agitation 4 hours in an inert atmosphere.
3, the suspension after reaction is shifted out glove box, pour out supernatant liquor, after gained grey black solid spends deionized water several, 40 DEG C of vacuum drying, obtain the catalyst fines of black.
Carbon supporting Pt/Mo alloy catalyst that the present embodiment prepares, the Pt-C catalyst that nearly 1:1, the XRD diffraction maximum of atomic ratio that EDS records Pt and Mo is prepared compared with same process is to high angle displacement, and show there is Lattice Contraction phenomenon, alloying level is good.The metallic particles size of gained catalyst is about 5.3nm, is uniformly distributed on the carbon carrier.
The hydrogen reduction current peak of carbon supporting Pt/Mo alloy catalyst in saturated nacl aqueous solution that the present embodiment prepares is 10.3mA/cm
2it is 1.29 times of the Pt-C catalyst that same process is prepared, in magnesium air cell, discharge platform voltage is 1.32V, the Pt-C catalyst prepared compared to same process improves 5.42%, discharge capacity is 1210mAh/g, and the Pt-C catalyst prepared compared to same process improves 4.67%.
More than describe preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail.Should be appreciated that those of ordinary skill in the art just design according to the present invention can make many modifications and variations without the need to creative work.Therefore, all technical staff in the art, all should by the determined protection domain of claims under this invention's idea on the basis of existing technology by the available technical scheme of logical analysis, reasoning, or a limited experiment.
Claims (9)
1. a magnesium air cell preparation method for carbon supporting Pt-Mo alloy catalyst, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
A. by water, carbon support material, Pt presoma, the mixing of Mo presoma, within ultrasonic 15 minutes, suspension is obtained;
B. being moved on to by described suspension has in the glove box of inert atmosphere;
C. in described suspension, sodium borohydride aqueous solution is added, magnetic agitation reaction 3-6 hour;
D. reacted suspension is shifted out described glove box, use washed with de-ionized water several times, centrifugal, dry, obtain black powder.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step a, described carbon carrier is selected from one of nano-carbon material carbon black, carbon gel, CNT, Graphene.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step a, Pt presoma is made into the Pt precursor water solution that concentration is 50mM, Mo presoma is made into the Mo precursor water solution that concentration is 50mM, more described Pt precursor water solution, described Mo precursor water solution is mixed with described water, described carbon carrier.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step a, described Pt presoma is chloroplatinic acid.
5. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step a, described Mo presoma is villaumite or the molybdate of molybdenum.
6. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step b, the oxygen content in described glove box is less than 10ppm, described suspension before putting into glove box, first deoxygenation in the transitional storehouse of glove box.
7. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step c, the addition of sodium borohydride is excessive, first sodium borohydride is made into described sodium borohydride aqueous solution, then is joined by described sodium borohydride aqueous solution in the described suspension in stirring.
8. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in steps d, and vacuum drying 3 hours at described drying refers to 40 DEG C.
9. the carbon supporting Pt-Mo alloy catalyst that according to any one of claim 1-8 prepared by preparation method, is characterized in that, the metal particle size in described carbon supporting Pt-Mo alloy catalyst is 1-10nm.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111224118A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-06-02 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | Multi-element doped platinum-based catalyst and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113851663A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2021-12-28 | 广东省国研科技研究中心有限公司 | Magnesium air battery catalyst, magnesium air battery air cathode and preparation method thereof, magnesium air battery and electric equipment |
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| US4316944A (en) * | 1980-06-18 | 1982-02-23 | United Technologies Corporation | Noble metal-chromium alloy catalysts and electrochemical cell |
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| US4316944A (en) * | 1980-06-18 | 1982-02-23 | United Technologies Corporation | Noble metal-chromium alloy catalysts and electrochemical cell |
Non-Patent Citations (6)
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| ERMETE ANTOLINI ET AL.: ""The stability of Pt–M (M = first row transition metal) alloy catalysts and its effect on the activity in low temperature fuel cells A literature review and tests on a Pt–Co catalyst"", 《JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES》 * |
| L. XIONG ET AL.: ""Pt–M (M=Fe, Co, Ni and Cu) electrocatalysts synthesized by an aqueous route for proton exchange membrane fuel cells"", 《ELECTROCHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS》 * |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111224118A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-06-02 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | Multi-element doped platinum-based catalyst and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113851663A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2021-12-28 | 广东省国研科技研究中心有限公司 | Magnesium air battery catalyst, magnesium air battery air cathode and preparation method thereof, magnesium air battery and electric equipment |
| CN113851663B (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2023-04-21 | 广东省国研科技研究中心有限公司 | Magnesium air battery catalyst, magnesium air battery air cathode and preparation method thereof, magnesium air battery and electric equipment |
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