CN105282502B - Air traffic controller's fatigue detection method based on confidence interval, device and system - Google Patents
Air traffic controller's fatigue detection method based on confidence interval, device and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of air traffic controller's fatigue detection method, device and system, the method includes receiving control seat video monitoring datas and land sky communicating data, it is tested and analyzed, obtain controller's fatigue index detection data, referring to preset controller's fatigue index detection data sample, calculate the single confidence interval of each index of controller's fatigue index detection statistics data and the simultaneous confidence intervals for index group, if controller's fatigue index detection data exceeds confidence interval, then trigger alarm, and provide device corresponding with this method, and physical system.This method, apparatus and system can be applied to air traffic control field, have stronger practicability and operability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention, which provides, a kind of to be integrated with face and air traffic controller's fatigue detection method of voice, device and is
System, belongs to image processing and pattern recognition field.
Technical background
Currently, the correlative study for controller's fatigue mainly carries out in terms of two, i.e., based on the control of face recognition
Member's fatigue detecting, and controller's fatigue detecting based on workload assessment.The former is based on the solution to controller's facial characteristics
Analysis obtains the data of three fatigue detecting indexs such as PERCLOS value, average eye-closing period, yawn frequency, by matching controller
Threshold value corresponding to three indexs that fatigue determines, detects controller's fatigue, as application No. is CN101732055A
A kind of Driver Fatigue Detection is given in application for a patent for invention, this method extracts facial characteristics by detection face, with
Track facial movement calculates PERCLOS (percentage of eyelid closure, percent eye-closure) value to judge to drive
Whether the person of sailing is in a state of fatigue.And the latter is based on ATC controller workload evaluation studies, since the 1970s successively
Develop and three classes controller's fatigue detection method, i.e.,：(1) it is analyzed according to controller's physiology, behavioural characteristic, show that control works
Load intensity.The physical signs of measurement includes reaction, heart rate, electrocardiogram, blood pressure, the body fluid etc. of electric shock skin, behavioral indicator packet
Include equipment operation number, the empty air time record in land etc.；(2) the subjective assessment method of observation and questionnaire form, such as ATWIT are taken
(the air traffic load of air traffic workload input technique, US Federal Aviation Administration input skill to technology
Art), NASA-TLX scale (task load index, the task load scale of US National Aeronautics and Space Administration), SWAT scale
(subjective workload analysis technique, subjective workload analytical technology) and MCH method (modified
Cooper-harper ratings, Cusparia-Ha Bai revised law) etc.；(3) controller's work is finely divided, for observable
Work survey count consumed by the time, temporal consumption is converted into for invisible work, is realized in a manner of time measure pair
The qualitative assessment of ATC controller workload.Such method includes DORATASK method (the Directorate of that ICAO recommends
Operation Research and Analysis of the United Kingdom, Britain plan strategies for research and analysis director
Can propose) and MBB method (Messerschmidt, Bglkow and Blohm of Germany, German plum plug Schmidt, Te Er
Section and Blume propose) and RAMS method (Re-organized ATC Mathematical Simulator, European blank pipe reality
Test center proposition).
The existing research for controller's fatigue detecting, is primarily present following deficiency：(1) qualitative to grind in terms of research method
Study carefully more, quantitative study is less, causes objectivity insufficient；(2) in terms of Testing index, index dimension is more single, comprehensive, comprehensive
Conjunction property is insufficient；(3) existing research uses identical Indexs measure standard to all controllers, ignores the individual difference of fatigue index
Property, testing result is not accurate enough；(4) in terms of application, existing research remains in the laboratory research stage.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome disadvantage existing in the prior art, the present invention provides the air traffic pipe of a kind of integrated face and voice
Member's fatigue detection method processed, apparatus and system.
A kind of air traffic controller's fatigue detection method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：Step 1, it receives real-time
The control seat video monitoring data and land sky communicating data that the full data acquisition device of audio-video obtains；Step 2, to the control
Seat video monitoring data and the land sky communicating data are tested and analyzed, and controller's fatigue index detection data is obtained；Step
Rapid 3, referring to preset controller's fatigue index detection data sample, calculate the single confidence interval of each index and for index
The simultaneous confidence intervals of group triggers alarm if the detection data of controller's fatigue index described in step 2 exceeds confidence interval.
Preferably, the process for receiving control seat video monitoring data is to acquire video information in real time, is dropped
After making an uproar, being filtered, characteristic value is extracted.
Preferably, it after extracting characteristic value, is matched with the template data saved in video template library, thus to current
The identity of controller identifies.
Preferably, it is characterised in that：The process for receiving the land sky communicating data is, using cable by voice signal from
Distributing frame, which draws, is connected to speech processor, when detecting voice signal, starts to record, when detecting no sound and for 3 seconds,
Then stop recording, that is, complete primary recording, every primary recording of completion saves acoustic information with audio file formats.
It preferably, further include synchronizing control seat video monitoring data and land sky communicating data after step 1
The step of, specially：Using the timestamp of video data as time reference, audio plays thread real-time reception view during broadcasting
Frequency plays the current play time data that thread transmits, and synchronous adjustment audio played data, and control seat video is supervised
Control data and land sky communicating data synchronize broadcasting, realize broadcasting and history playback in real time.
Preferably, control seat video monitoring data is tested and analyzed in step 2, obtained controller's fatigue
Indexs measure data include PERCLOS value, average eye-closing period and frequency of yawning.
Preferably, the land sky communicating data is tested and analyzed in step 2, obtained controller's fatigue index detection
Data include：Channel seizure ratio, talk times, average audio, average loudness of a sound, sector land sky call keyword occurrence rate.
A kind of air traffic controller's fatigue detection device, which is characterized in that comprise the following modules：Receiving module is used for
Receive control seat video monitoring data and land sky communicating data that the full data acquisition device of real-time audio and video obtains；Calculate mould
It is tired to obtain controller for testing and analyzing to control seat video monitoring data and the land sky communicating data for block
Labor Indexs measure data；Alarm module, for calculating each index referring to preset controller's fatigue index detection data sample
Single confidence interval and simultaneous confidence intervals for index group, if controller's fatigue index inspection that computing module is calculated
Measured data exceeds confidence interval, then triggers alarm.
A kind of air traffic controller's fatigue detecting system, which is characterized in that the system includes：The real-time sound view in control seat
Frequently full data acquisition platform：For carrying out the acquisition and processing of control seat video monitoring data, land sky communicating data；Integrated face
Controller's fatigue detecting database of portion's identification and the parsing of land sky call voice：For by the total evidence of control seat real-time audio and video
The data of acquisition platform acquisition process are sorted out and are saved, while storing what controller's fatigue index detection module was calculated
The calculating and alarm result of every controller's fatigue index detection data and controller's fatigue strength alarm module are gone through to be formed
History statistical result；Controller's fatigue index detection module：For being acquired to the full data acquisition platform of control seat real-time audio and video
It is tested and analyzed with video monitoring data, the land sky communicating data of processing, obtains controller's fatigue index detection data；Control
Member's fatigue strength alarm module：In the controller's fatigue detecting database parsed based on integrated face recognition and land sky call voice
Historical statistics is as a result, calculate the single confidence interval of indices and the simultaneous confidence intervals for index group, if controller is tired
The detection data of labor Indexs measure module output exceeds confidence interval, then triggers alarm.
Compared with prior art, fatigue detection method, the device and system of integrated face and voice provided by the invention, will
Indicate each indexs such as facial characteristics, the workload of controller's fatigue, comprehensively, synthetically accounts for, and control can be directed to
The individual difference of member designs targetedly fatigue detecting standard, has stronger practicability and operability.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is system construction drawing of the invention；
Fig. 2 is audio data collecting flow chart of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the synchronous flow chart of audio, video data of the invention；
Fig. 4 is system network architecture figure of the invention.
Specific embodiment
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1：
Fig. 1 is system construction drawing of the invention, and system includes the full data acquisition platform of control seat real-time audio and video：For
Carry out the acquisition and processing of control seat video monitoring data, land sky communicating data；Integrated face recognition and land sky call voice
Controller's fatigue detecting database of parsing：For by the number of the full data acquisition platform acquisition process of control seat real-time audio and video
According to being sorted out and saved, while storing every controller's fatigue index inspection that controller's fatigue index detection module is calculated
The calculating and alarm result of measured data and controller's fatigue strength alarm module, thus history of forming statistical result；Controller's fatigue
Indexs measure module：For to the full data acquisition platform of control seat real-time audio and video acquire and handle video monitoring data,
Land sky communicating data is tested and analyzed, and controller's fatigue index detection data is obtained；Controller's fatigue strength alarm module：It is based on
Historical statistics in integrated face recognition and controller's fatigue detecting database of land sky call voice parsing is as a result, measuring and calculating is every
The single confidence interval of index and simultaneous confidence intervals for index group, if the inspection of controller's fatigue index detection module output
Measured data exceeds confidence interval, then triggers alarm.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of air traffic controller's fatigue detection method of integrated face and voice, which is characterized in that including following step
Suddenly：
Step 1, control seat video monitoring data and the land sky for receiving the full data acquisition device acquisition of real-time audio and video are logical
Data are talked about, the process for receiving control seat video monitoring data is to acquire video information in real time, at progress noise reduction, filtering
After reason, characteristic value is extracted；The process for receiving the land sky communicating data is to draw voice signal from distributing frame using cable and connect
Start to record when detecting that voice signal occurs in system audio channel to speech processor；Do not have when detecting in voice-grade channel
Have that sound is for 3 seconds, stop recording, that is, completes primary recording, detect voice signal next time, record again, voice-grade channel
In there is no voice signal, then do not record, every primary recording of completion is saved acoustic information with audio file formats, file is with seat
Position title and markers are named." seat name, audio file name, time started, end time " record is stored in database
In audio file information table, collection process is as shown in Figure 2；
Step 2, include the steps that synchronizing control seat video monitoring data and land sky communicating data, specifically
For：Using the timestamp of video data as time reference, audio plays thread real-time reception video playing thread during broadcasting
The current play time data transmitted, and synchronous adjustment audio played data, by control seat video monitoring data and land
Empty communicating data synchronizes broadcasting, realizes that broadcasting and history playback, detailed process are as shown in Figure 3 in real time；
Step 3, control seat video monitoring data and the land sky communicating data are tested and analyzed, obtains pipe
Member's fatigue index detection data processed；
Step 4, referring to preset controller's fatigue index detection data sample, the single confidence interval of each index is calculated
Be directed to index group simultaneous confidence intervals, if the detection data of controller's fatigue index described in step 3 exceed confidence interval,
Triggering alarm.
Embodiment 3：
A kind of air traffic controller's fatigue detection method of integrated face and voice, by 8 fatigue indexes to control
Member's degree of fatigue is detected, and is specifically included：Facial expression feature is carried out to controller by control seat video monitoring data
Counting statistics, so that analysis obtains the indicator-specific statistics data of PERCLOS value, average eye-closing period and frequency of yawning, to pipe
Real-time audio and video full data acquisition platform in seat processed acquires and the land sky communicating data of processing is tested and analyzed to obtain：Channel accounts for
With rate, talk times, average audio, average loudness of a sound, sector land sky call keyword occurrence rate.
Wherein, the detection of PERCLOS value uses the ratio of eyes closed time and 60 seconds.Using P80 measurement method (eyelid lid
The area for crossing pupil is more than time scale shared by 80%) calculate PERCLOS value.
Average eye-closing period detection method is：If the number that controller closes one's eyes in the unit time is n, that closes one's eyes every time continues
Time is tei, total eye-closing period of controller is te in the unit timetotal, controller be averaged eye-closing period be teaverage, thenteaverage=tetotal/n。
Frequency detecting method of yawning is：According to the analysis to controller's facial characteristics, can count in the unit time
The number that controller yawns, and then obtain the frequency yawned.
The detection of land sky talk channel occupancy：If the total length of unit time is Ttotal, total call of unit time sector
Time span is Tsec, land sky talk channel occupancy is Trate, then Trate=Tsec/Ttotal。
The detection of land sky talk times：The land system acquisition VHF sky call voice data, analyze it, every time call meter
For a land sky talk times, add up to number obtains achievement data.
Average audio of land sky conversing detects：System carries out waveform analysis to the land the VHF sky call voice data of acquisition, obtains
Sound frequency data when call, are then averaged to the result obtained, obtain land sky call average audio index.
The average loudness of a sound detection of land sky call：System carries out waveform analysis to the land the VHF sky call voice data of acquisition, obtains
Sound loudness of a sound data when call, are then averaged to the result obtained, obtain the average loudness of a sound index of land sky call.
The call keyword occurrence rate detection of sector land sky：System carries out waveform to the land the VHF sky call voice data of acquisition
Analysis and speech recognition are closed when being resolved to " please repeat (say again) " for setting in system, " corrigendum (correction) " etc.
When key word, the time and number occur to keyword is counted, and obtains sector land sky call keyword occurrence rate index.
Embodiment 4：
A kind of air traffic controller's fatigue detection method of integrated face and voice, is realized based on confidence interval algorithm
Alarm step.Historical statistics based on above-mentioned n=8 controller fatigue detecting index sample data is as a result, measuring and calculating indices
Single confidence interval and simultaneous confidence intervals detect alarm standard respectively as indices and comprehensive detection alert standard.Its
The middle single confidence interval calculation method of indices is：For single index XiThe m group sample data of (i=1,2 ..., n),Meet the t that freedom degree is m-1 to be distributed, i.e.,Then each index is at confidence coefficient 100 (1- α) %
Confidence interval (index normal range (NR)) μiFor：
Wherein：Sample averageSample variancexj,iIt is i-th
The jth group sample data of index, tm-1(α/2) are 100 (α/2) percentiles in the t distribution that freedom degree is m-1.It is distributed in t
In, α/2 are the quantile of t distribution, and 100 (α/2) are the percentile of t distribution, can self-setting.
The simultaneous confidence intervals calculation method of index group is：If sample X (X1,X2,...,Xn) obey n dimension normal distribution Nn
(μ, ε) distribution, and ε is positively definite matrix, considers linear combination between indices：
Z=a1X1+a2X2+…+anXn=aTX
Wherein a=(a1, a2..., an) indicate indices weight coefficient,
Then to a of setting, aT100 (1- α) % confidence intervals of μ, i.e., % is simultaneously with confidence coefficient 100 (1- α) for each index
The simultaneous confidence intervals of establishment is as follows：
Wherein sample average sample covariance matrixX'jFor jth group sample data, FN, m-n(α) is 100 in F (n, m-n) distribution
α percentile.
For Indexs measure result beyond setting confidence interval, triggering alarm in actual measurement.
It varies with each individual in view of the characterization of controller's fatigue conditions, reflection to controller's fatigue detecting index normality range is really
Surely there is individual difference, which records its physiological behavior feature in volume controller for air traffic control unit every, build
Its fatigue detecting achievement data library is stood, the individual controller through identification will obtain the fatigue based on my historical statistical data
Testing result.
Embodiment 5：
A kind of air traffic controller's fatigue detection device of integrated face and voice, which is characterized in that including with lower die
Block：
Receiving module, including control seat video monitoring data receiving module and land sky communicating data receiving module, control
Seat video monitoring data receiving module specifically includes video acquisition module, noise reduction filtering module, characteristics extraction module, respectively
For realizing real-time acquisition video information, noise reduction, filtering processing extract characteristic value；Land sky communicating data receiving module, using electricity
Cable, which draws voice signal from distributing frame, is connected to speech processor, when detecting voice signal, starts to record, when detecting not
There is sound and for 3 seconds, then stop recording, that is, completes primary recording, every primary recording of completion, by acoustic information with audio file
Format saves；
Identification module, the characteristic value for extracting characteristics extraction module and have saved in video template library
Template data is matched, to identify to the identity of current controller；
Control seat video monitoring data and land sky communicating data synchronization module：For receiving the number from receiving module
According to using the timestamp of video data as time reference, audio plays thread real-time reception video playing thread during broadcasting
The current play time data transmitted, and synchronous adjustment audio played data, by control seat video monitoring data and land
Empty communicating data synchronizes broadcasting, realizes broadcasting and history playback in real time；
Computing module, including control seat video monitoring data test and analyze module, for controller's fatigue to be calculated
Indexs measure data, including PERCLOS value, average eye-closing period and yawn frequency and the detection and analysis of land sky communicating data
Module, for controller's fatigue index detection data to be calculated, including：Channel seizure ratio, average audio, is put down at talk times
Equal loudness of a sound, sector land sky call keyword occurrence rate；
Alarm module, the single confidence interval computing module including each index and the simultaneous confidence intervals for index group
Computing module, for calculating the single confidence interval of each index referring to preset controller's fatigue index detection data sample
With the simultaneous confidence intervals for being directed to index group, if controller's fatigue index detection data for being calculated of computing module is beyond confidence
Alarm is then triggered in section.
Embodiment 6：
System network architecture is as shown in Figure 4.The network platform of whole system will rely on existing management information net, and acquisition is flat
Platform and blank pipe production network are physically separated, and are guaranteed the unidirectional delivery of data, are prevented network attack, to ensure that related data is pacified
Full property and production run system reliability.System provides patterned operation interface, so that system manager configures parameters.
Such as：Store the interval time of video, the interval time etc. of fatigue diagnosis.System user is provided and manages set interface, system administration
Member is managed the essential information of different type user, such as increases, deletes, modification user information operation.System manager
The permission of different stage can be also assigned for all types of users.
Methods, devices and systems of the invention will be indicated by integrated face recognition and land sky call voice analytic technique
Each indexs such as facial characteristics, the workload of controller's fatigue, comprehensively, synthetically account for, and are directed to the individual of controller
Otherness formulates reasonable confidence interval, designs targetedly fatigue detecting standard.System is easy to establish, and identification degree is high,
Algorithm is easily achieved.The fatigue detecting for being carried out working site to air traffic controller using the fatigue detecting system, is replaced in time
Controller on duty in a state of fatigue is changed, for ensureing that flight safety has important practical significance.
Above in conjunction with attached drawing, system composition and working principle of the invention is described in detail.But the common skill of this field
Art personnel should be understood that specification is only for interpreting the claims.But protection scope of the present invention is not limited to illustrate
Book.Anyone skilled in the art in the technical scope that discloses of the present invention, the variation that can readily occur in or
Replacement, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with the guarantor of claims
It protects subject to range.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of air traffic controller's fatigue detection method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step 1, the control seat video monitoring data and land sky call number that the full data acquisition device of real-time audio and video obtains are received
According to；
Step 2, control seat video monitoring data and land sky communicating data are tested and analyzed, obtains controller's fatigue
Indexs measure data；
Step 3, referring to preset controller's fatigue index detection data sample, the single confidence interval and needle of each index are calculated
To the simultaneous confidence intervals of index group, if the detection data of controller's fatigue index described in step 2 exceeds confidence interval, trigger
Alarm.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：Receive the process of control seat video monitoring data
For：Acquisition video information in real time after carrying out noise reduction, filtering processing, extracts characteristic value.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that：After extracting characteristic value, and save in video template library
Template data is matched, to identify to the identity of current controller.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：The process for receiving the land sky communicating data is：Using electricity
Cable, which draws voice signal from distributing frame, is connected to speech processor, when detecting voice signal, starts to record, when detecting not
There is sound and for 3 seconds, then stop recording, that is, completes primary recording, every primary recording of completion, by acoustic information with audio file
Format saves.
5. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：It further include by control seat video monitoring after step 1
The step of data and land sky communicating data synchronize, specially：Using the timestamp of video monitoring data as time reference, play
During audio play the current play time data that transmit of thread real-time reception video playing thread, and synchronous adjustment
Control seat video monitoring data and land sky communicating data are synchronized broadcasting by audio played data, realize play in real time and
History playback.
6. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：In step 2 to control seat video monitoring data into
Row tests and analyzes, and obtained controller's fatigue index detection data includes：PERCLOS value, average eye-closing period and frequency of yawning
Rate.
7. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：Detection point is carried out to the land sky communicating data in step 2
Analysis, obtained controller's fatigue index detection data include：Channel seizure ratio, talk times, average audio, average loudness of a sound and fan
Area land sky call keyword occurrence rate.
8. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that：The single confidence interval of each index described in step 3
Calculation method is：
For single index XiThe m group data sample of (i=1,2 ..., n), n indicate index number,Meeting freedom degree is
The t of m-1 is distributed, i.e.,Then single index XiConfidence interval μ at confidence coefficient 100 (1- α) %iFor：
Wherein：Sample averageSample variancexj,iFor i-th index
Jth group data sample, tm-1(α/2) are 100 (α/2) percentiles in the t distribution that freedom degree is m-1,
It is used to calculate simultaneous confidence intervals for the simultaneous confidence intervals computing module of index group, calculation method is：
If sample X (X1,X2,...,Xn) obey n dimension normal distribution Nn(μ, ε) distribution, wherein μ is that n ties up index group normal distribution
Mathematic expectaion, ε are positively definite matrix, consider linear combination between indices：
Z=a1X1+a2X2+…+anXn=aTX
Wherein a=(a1,a2,…,an) indicate indices weight coefficient,
Then to a of setting, aT100 (1- α) % confidence intervals of μ, i.e., each index are set up simultaneously with (1- α) % of confidence coefficient 100
Simultaneous confidence intervals is as follows：
Wherein sample averageSample covariance matrixX'j
For jth group data sample, Fn,m-n(α) is 100 α percentiles in F (n, m-n) distribution.
9. a kind of air traffic controller's fatigue detection device, which is characterized in that comprise the following modules：
Receiving module, for receiving the control seat video monitoring data and land sky that the full data acquisition device of real-time audio and video obtains
Communicating data；
Computing module is obtained for testing and analyzing to control seat video monitoring data and the land sky communicating data
To controller's fatigue index detection data；
Alarm module, for calculating the single confidence of each index referring to preset controller's fatigue index detection data sample
Section and simultaneous confidence intervals for index group, if controller's fatigue index detection data that computing module is calculated exceeds
Confidence interval then triggers alarm.
10. a kind of air traffic controller's fatigue detecting system, which is characterized in that the system includes：
The full data acquisition platform of control seat real-time audio and video：For carrying out control seat video monitoring data, land sky call number
According to acquisition and processing；
Controller's fatigue detecting database of integrated face recognition and the parsing of land sky call voice：For by the real-time sound in control seat
The data of the full data acquisition platform acquisition process of video are sorted out and are saved, while storing controller's fatigue index detection module
The calculating and alarm result of the every controller's fatigue index detection data and controller's fatigue strength alarm module that are calculated,
To history of forming statistical result；
Controller's fatigue index detection module：For what is acquired and handle to the full data acquisition platform of control seat real-time audio and video
Video monitoring data, land sky communicating data are tested and analyzed, and controller's fatigue index detection data is obtained；
Controller's fatigue strength alarm module：The controller's fatigue detecting number parsed based on integrated face recognition and land sky call voice
According to the historical statistics in library as a result, calculating the single confidence interval of indices and the simultaneous confidence intervals for index group, if
The detection data of controller's fatigue index detection module output exceeds confidence interval, then triggers alarm.
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