CN105279702A - Trawl fishing accumulated value obtaining method based on Beidou satellite data - Google Patents
Trawl fishing accumulated value obtaining method based on Beidou satellite data Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a trawl fishing accumulated value obtaining method based on Beidou satellite data. In a formula defined in the specification, i, j, k represent a k ship position point of a net number of times j of a fishing vessel i in some grid, V[i, j, k] and V[i, j, k-1] represent in-time speeds of two adjacent ship position points of the net number of times j of the fishing vessel i, and t[i, j, k] and t[i, j, k-1] represent time points of two adjacent ship positions points of the net number of times j of the fishing vessel i. When W[i] equals 1, L is accumulated mileage. When W[i] equals the power of the fishing vessel i, L is accumulated power mileage. When W[i] equals the net opening area of the fishing vessel i, L is the drainage volume. When W[i] equals the towing width of the bottom line and the net bag of the fishing vessel i, L is the sweeping area. The method concretely comprises the following steps of grouping states of a trawler; counting speeds of the trawler and determining the speed threshold; extracting the state of the trawler according to the speed threshold; and screening out a point where the trawler is in a fishing state according to the speed of the trawler, and calculating the trawl fishing accumulated value per unit grid. The invention can obtain a high temporal-spatial resolution, automatic and objective accumulated value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to accommodation data to calculate and analysis technical field, particularly relate to a kind of based on big-dipper satellite data trawl fishing aggregate-value acquisition methods.
Background technology
Trawlnet belongs to the motion fishing gear of filterableness, and rely on power towing to have capsule both wings or only have the netting gear of bag shape, utilize the motion of fishing boat, towing fishing gear advances in seabed or seawater, forces the fished species such as the fish shrimp crab of fishing gear in waters to enter net capsule.Trawlnet is the fishing gear that in current marine fishery production, better results, is also a kind of fishing gear larger to environmental disruption.The materials such as the bed mud in trawlnet meeting disturbance seabed, make sediment suspend and cause the pollution that water quality is muddy, cause water body.Trawlnet often assembles heavier bottom line framework, and what have has installed iron chains additional, or band spinosity rake, and " plow and fill out ditch " phenomenon appears in towing process, and the valley gauffer on the continental slope of ocean is put down, and level and smooth silt is plowed gully.Trawlnet pulls fishing ground for a long time, and not only jeopardize biological existence and breeding, and seriously destroy habitat, ocean and the ecologic equilibrium, if do not strengthened management and protection, seabed will be formed in " desert, seabed ".Within the scope of the hundreds of rice of trawlboat area-covered, also can cause serious threat or infringement to subsea pipeline, cable and other underwater structures.Nineteen nineties, American-European countries started with control and monitoring system for ships (VMS, VesselMonitoringSystem) fishing boat is managed, China 2006 to navigate Xi Tong ﹝ BeiDouNavigationSatelliteSystem ﹞ based on big-dipper satellite Dao, build Big Dipper fishing boat accommodation supervisory system (BDVMS) in Hainan first, offshore-fishing boat has installed more than 50,000, Big Dipper terminal up to now.A large amount of space-time accommodations data of supervisory system accumulation are that sea fishery research provides new resources for research.Research is had in the judgement of fishing boat type, job state analysis, fishing effort calculating, fisheries stock assessment, fishing ground spatial and temporal distributions etc.Trawlnet is wherein one of study on environments such as subsea impact, and HansD. etc. improve VMS data precision by interpolation, then calculates Celtic Sea each area unit time otter-trawl number of times.RijnsdorpAD etc. utilize VMS data research 1993 and 1996 at North Sea south pole trawl frequency and sea bed and benthic interact relation.GwladysI.Lambert etc. with VMS data research in November, 2008 in October, 2010 in the impact of Manx territorial waters scallop trawlnet on epibiota and habitat.The research trawlnet that appears as of BDVMS provides new means to China coastal seas environmental impact; trawl fishing is made up of multiple net; each net is made up of the time series point with the attribute information such as the speed of a ship or plane, position again; single fishing boat is only a track, and multiple fishing boat can extract trawlboat to the characteristic distributions of environmental impact and rule.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of based on big-dipper satellite data trawl fishing aggregate-value acquisition methods, can obtain high-spatial and temporal resolution, automatic, objective aggregate-value.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: provide a kind of based on big-dipper satellite data trawl fishing aggregate-value acquisition methods, fishing boat being equipped with the Big Dipper terminal for obtaining Big Dipper accommodation data, comprising the following steps:
(1) state of pair trawler divides;
(2) speed of a ship or plane of pair trawler carries out adding up and determines speed of a ship or plane threshold value;
(3) trawlboat state is extracted according to speed of a ship or plane threshold value;
(4) filter out according to the speed of a ship or plane of fishing boat the point that fishing boat is in the state of fishing for, the trawl fishing aggregate-value in unit of account graticule mesh:
Wherein, i, j, k represent that in certain graticule mesh, fishing boat i nets the k accommodation point of time j respectively, V
i, j, k, V
i, j, k-1the timely speed of a ship or plane that fishing boat i nets two accommodation points adjacent in time j, t
i, j, k, t
i, j, k-1it is the moment that fishing boat i nets two accommodation points adjacent in time j; From inside to outside sue for peace respectively for three times: fishing boat i nets the aggregate-value of p the accommodation point of time j, second time is that n of fishing boat i nets secondary aggregate-value, is the aggregate-value of m fishing boat for the third time.
Described step works as W in (4)
iwhen all value is 1, L is accumulative mileage.
Described step works as W in (4)
iwhen value is the power of fishing boat i, L is integral power mileage.
Described step works as W in (4)
iwhen value is the network interface area of fishing boat i, L is drainage volume.
Described step works as W in (4)
ivalue be the bottom line of fishing boat i and net capsule when the width of submarine, L amasss for sweeping sea;
In described step (1), the state of trawlboat is divided into the low speed of a ship or plane, trawl fishing and navigation.
In described step (2), trawlboat fishes for the frequency change acquisition of speed of a ship or plane threshold value by statistics accommodation point of state.
The step calculating trawler threshold value and analyze trawl fishing spatial and temporal distributions is also comprised after described step (4).
Described Big Dipper accommodation data comprise the Big Dipper card number of fishing boat, longitude and latitude position, the speed of a ship or plane, time of transmission, and wherein, the temporal resolution of data is 3min, and spatial resolution is 10m.
Beneficial effect
Owing to have employed above-mentioned technical scheme, the present invention compared with prior art, there is following advantage and good effect: what the present invention can extract trawlnet by the speed of a ship or plane fishes for state point, in conjunction with the aggregate-value (accumulative mileage, integral power mileage, drainage amount, sweep sea amass) of the speed of a ship or plane and trawlnet Time Calculation unit graticule mesh, there is the features such as real-time, scope is wide, quick, high-spatial and temporal resolution, automatic, objective aggregate-value can be obtained.Due to reasons such as coastal water fishery resource declines, China attaches great importance to source maintenance always, and aggregate-value as with reference to index, promptly and accurately can be grasped its space-time characteristic, aid in fishery resources and the maintenance of science.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is trawler C15016 speed of a ship or plane variation diagram;
Fig. 2 fishes for non-state point frequency of fishing for speed of a ship or plane variation diagram;
Fig. 3 is accommodation point frequency and frequency change schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is 2013 20 days trawler C15016 trajectory diagrams;
Fig. 5 is 2013 21 days trawler C15016 trajectory diagrams;
Fig. 6 is trawlnet accumulative mileage figure in 2013;
Fig. 7 is trawlnet integral power mileage chart in 2013;
Fig. 8 is each moon in 2013 trawlnet accumulative mileage and integral power mileage chart.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, set forth the present invention further.Should be understood that these embodiments are only not used in for illustration of the present invention to limit the scope of the invention.In addition should be understood that those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally after the content of having read the present invention's instruction.
Embodiments of the present invention relate to a kind of based on big-dipper satellite data trawl fishing aggregate-value acquisition methods, fishing boat being equipped with the Big Dipper terminal for obtaining Big Dipper accommodation data, comprising the following steps: the state of (1) pair trawler divides; (2) speed of a ship or plane of pair trawler carries out adding up and determines speed of a ship or plane threshold value; (3) trawlboat state is extracted according to speed of a ship or plane threshold value; (4) filter out according to the speed of a ship or plane of fishing boat the point that fishing boat is in the state of fishing for, the trawl fishing aggregate-value in unit of account graticule mesh:
Wherein, i, j, k represent that in certain graticule mesh, fishing boat i nets the k accommodation point of time j respectively, V
i, j, k, V
i, j, k-1the timely speed of a ship or plane that fishing boat i nets two accommodation points adjacent in time j, t
i, j, k, t
i, j, k-1it is the moment that fishing boat i nets two accommodation points adjacent in time j; Work as W
iwhen all value is 1, L is accumulative mileage; Work as W
iwhen value is the power of fishing boat i, L is integral power mileage; Work as W
iwhen value is the network interface area of fishing boat i, L is drainage volume; Work as W
ivalue be the bottom line of fishing boat i and net capsule when the width of submarine, L amasss for sweeping sea; From inside to outside sue for peace respectively for three times: fishing boat i nets the aggregate-value of p the accommodation point of time j, second time is that n of fishing boat i nets secondary aggregate-value, is the aggregate-value of m fishing boat for the third time.
Wherein, Big Dipper accommodation data comprise the Big Dipper card number of fishing boat, longitude and latitude position, the speed of a ship or plane, time of transmission, and wherein, the temporal resolution of data is 3min, and spatial resolution is 10m.
Be 1403, Xiangshan near-water trawler below with the port of registry for example further illustrates the present invention.
1. trawlboat state demarcation
In its each job state speed of a ship or plane change obviously, on November 20th, 2013 and 21 days, C15016 can mark off state 1 ~ 3 (see Fig. 1) from the speed of a ship or plane to trawlboat, respectively the corresponding low speed of a ship or plane (cast anchor, drift about), trawl fishing, navigation.0:01 to 5:49 on the 20th navigation, starts to fish for afterwards, through to put for 7 times net, trawlnet, receipts net cyclic process terminate to about 24:00.24:00 to 5:28 riding at anchor on the 21st, starts to fish for afterwards, through to put for 5 times net, trawlnet, receipts net cyclic process terminate to 17:52, finally navigate by water transition to other fishing grounds.
2. trawlboat speed of a ship or plane statistics determines speed of a ship or plane threshold value
C15016 was on November 20th, 2013 and within 21st, have 940 accommodation points, and each point has speed of a ship or plane attribute, and speed of a ship or plane resolution is 0.1m/s.Whether be in trawl fishing state according to accommodation point, be divided into fishing for and fish for two types with non-, by the frequency of 0.1m/s classified statistics two type, draw the change (see Fig. 2) of accommodation point quantity with the speed of a ship or plane.Fishing for non-two intersection points of fishing for frequency curve in figure is 1m/s and 2.3m/s.State of fishing for accounts for 99.8% at 1 ~ 2.3m/s accommodation point, is less than 1m/s and accounts for 0.2%, be greater than 2.3m/s and account for 0%; Non-state of fishing for accounts for 29.3% at 1 ~ 2.3m/s accommodation point, is less than 1m/s and accounts for 4.2%, be greater than 2.3m/s and account for 66.5%; State of fishing for substantially all is distributed within the scope of 1 ~ 2.3m/s, 1m/s and 2.3m/s is the speed of a ship or plane threshold value of three kinds of state segmentations.
The speed of a ship or plane threshold value that trawlboat fishes for state is obtained by the dot frequency change of statistics accommodation, analyzes for 72284 accommodation points of C15016 whole year in 2013.C15016 accommodation point with velocity variations frequency curve as shown in Figure 3, enter time berthing in fishing port also to send accommodation data at fishing boat, occur that a lot of speed of a ship or plane is the accommodation point of 0m/s, in threshold decision, they do not affect, and therefore these accommodation points are not added up.Accommodation dot frequency is the ratio of frequency and accommodation point sum, two adjacent accommodation dot frequency differences (a rear dot frequency deducts last dot frequency) of interval 0.1m/s represent the rate of accommodation dot frequency, on the left of frequency change peak-peak, find rate of change to be greater than the speed of a ship or plane 1m/s of first value correspondence of 0.1%, on the right side of minimum peak, find the speed of a ship or plane 2.3m/s of first the value correspondence being less than-0.1%.
3. trawlboat state is extracted
Trawlboat, in launching-out operation process, put net, trawlnet, repeatedly the fishing for of receipts net, then to making a return voyage, its change in time and space is all that the location point of sequence is recorded with time from sailing to, and its status information is also by speed of a ship or plane attribute institute record.On November 20th, 2013 and 21 days are extracted according to speed of a ship or plane threshold value, trawler 15016 (hereinafter referred to as " C15016 ") is at East Sea job state, that converges is a little bigger for casting anchor, drifting about or at a slow speed (the low speed of a ship or plane), the tracing point that point of density is linked to be line is trawl fishing (the middle speed of a ship or plane), sparse tracing point is navigation (the high speed of a ship or plane), can judge within 20th, have 7 to net secondary from Fig. 4, can judge within 21st, have 5 to net secondary from Fig. 5.
4. aggregate-value calculates
Select the port of registry be Xiangshan 1403 trawlboat for analysis and research (table 1), power is distributed in 50 ~ 450kW, and power difference is larger, but mainly concentrates on 150 ~ 300kW, and quantity accounts for 82.12%.
Table 1 trawlboat main engine power situation
Enginepowerstatusoftrawlingvessel
The point of trawlboat trawl fishing job state is between speed of a ship or plane threshold value minimum value and maximal value, and operation fishing zone is divided into several 10 ' × 10 ' graticule mesh, calculates the aggregate-value of each graticule mesh, computing method are such as formula (1).
In formula, L is the aggregate-value (accumulative mileage, integral power mileage, drainage amount, sweep sea amass) of certain graticule mesh; I, j, k represent that in certain graticule mesh, fishing boat i nets the k accommodation point of time j respectively, V
i, j, k, V
i, j, k-1the timely speed of a ship or plane that fishing boat i nets two accommodation points adjacent in time j, divided by 2 as the average speed of point-to-point transmission, t
i, j, k, t
i, j, k-1be the moment that fishing boat i nets two accommodation points adjacent in time j, both differences are as the time interval; Work as W
iwhen all value is 1, L is accumulative mileage; Work as W
iwhen value is the power of fishing boat i, L is integral power mileage; Work as W
iwhen value is the network interface area of fishing boat i, L is drainage volume; Work as W
ivalue be the bottom line of fishing boat i and net capsule when the width of submarine, L amasss for sweeping sea; From inside to outside sue for peace respectively for three times: fishing boat i nets the aggregate-value of p the accommodation point of time j, second time is that n of fishing boat i nets secondary aggregate-value, is the aggregate-value of m fishing boat for the third time.
5. interpretation of result
5.1 trawler threshold calculations
Each trawlboat power difference is larger, and fisherman's operation habit is different, and therefore during trawling, each trawlboat speed of a ship or plane threshold value is different, and every bar ship calculates speed of a ship or plane threshold value (table 2) respectively by the method in 2.4 joints.Speed of a ship or plane threshold value minimum value, mainly at 0.4 ~ 1.1m/s, accounts for 96.72% of sum, and speed of a ship or plane threshold maximum value, at 1.8 ~ 3.1m/s, accounts for 96.86% of sum.
Table 2 trawlboat threshold speed
Absolutely empty distribution during 5.2 trawl fishing
The port of registry in 2013 is that the trawler in Xiangshan is mainly in the Huanghai Sea, East Sea trawling (see Fig. 6 and Fig. 7).By 10 ' × 10 ' grid partition operating area, calculate accumulative mileage and integral power mileage in graticule mesh.Accumulative mileage maximal value is distributed in Yu Shan fishing ground, Zhoushan Fishing Ground south, and higher value is distributed in the outer fishing ground of boat, the outer fishing ground of fish, and all boundary values are very little.The large Distribution value of integral power mileage is in Zhoushan Fishing Ground, Yu Shan fishing ground, the outer fishing ground of boat, the outer fishing ground of fish, and smaller value is distributed in fishing ground, Wen Tai fishing ground outside great Sha fishing ground, fishing ground, entrance of Changjiang River, river.Two width figure can find out accumulative mileage and integral power mileage value from high to low, centered by the fishing ground near Xiangshan, to external expansion.
In fishing ground, 10 ' × 10 ' graticule mesh average cumulative mileage has Yu Shan fishing ground, Zhoushan Fishing Ground more than 10,000 km, has fishing ground outside the outer fishing ground of boat, the outer fishing ground of fish, Wen Tai fishing ground, fishing ground, entrance of Changjiang River, river more than 4,000 km.In fishing ground, 10 ' × 10 ' graticule mesh average cumulative power mileage has fishing ground outside Yu Shan fishing ground, Zhoushan Fishing Ground, the outer fishing ground of boat, the outer fishing ground of fish, Wen Tai fishing ground, fishing ground, entrance of Changjiang River, river more than 100,000 kmkW.
Table 32013 year each fishing ground trawlnet situation
1403 trawlboat in 2013, accumulative mileage is different with the distribution of integral power mileage, simultaneously two width figure be all have coastal waters to off-lying sea, by the outside numerical value minimizing in Yu Shan fishing ground, this is mainly because different capacity fishing boat operating feature causes.Miniwatt fishing tonnage is little, wind loading rating is poor, flying power is weak, a flight number a few days, generally fishing ground operation nearby, general about 15 days of mid power fishing boat flight number, operation fishing boat is also comparatively far away, and high-power fishing boat flight number about 1 month, each fishing ground can arrive substantially.Fish mountain, Zhoushan Fishing Ground accumulative mileage accounts for 64.07%, and integral power mileage accounts for 62.91%, and these fishing grounds are close to Xiangshan Bay, and various power fishing boat has; Boat is outer, fish outer fishing ground accumulative mileage accounts for 17.57%, and integral power mileage accounts for 17.91%, and these two is fishing ground, off-lying sea, and resource is more, based on high and medium power fishing boat; Temperature platform, entrance of Changjiang River, outer, warm outer fishing ground, river accumulative mileage account for 12.49%, and integral power mileage accounts for 12.66%%, based on high and medium power fishing boat; Other fishing grounds far away are mainly based on high-power fishing boat.
From the time, as shown in Figure 8, accumulative mileage and integral power mileage have two peak values, and accumulative mileage is in every month in 3 ~ May all more than 810,000 km, and every month in 10 ~ Dec is all more than 1,850,000 km.Integral power mileage is in every month in 3 ~ May all more than 200,000,000 kmkW, and every month in 10 ~ Dec is all more than 300,000,000 kmkW.From the Monthly changes of accumulative trawlnet value, have two valleies, because of the Spring Festival February major part fishing boat return and stop operation and occur valley; To being therefore almost there is no trawlboat operation fishing off season during 16 days 12 September during 1 day 12 June.There is peak value in 11 ~ Dec, is that a large amount of fishing boat goes to sea successively, has occurred peak value because just terminate fishing off season.Large at March, 11 month to date mileages and integral power mileage value difference, terminating high and medium power fishing boat the Spring Festival in March, to compare other in first half of the year launching-out operation more in month, and November, fishing off season, ending resource was more, high and medium power fishing boat launching-out operation showed increased.
Claims (9)
1. based on a big-dipper satellite data trawl fishing aggregate-value acquisition methods, it is characterized in that, fishing boat being equipped with the Big Dipper terminal for obtaining Big Dipper accommodation data, comprising the following steps:
(1) state of pair trawler divides;
(2) speed of a ship or plane of pair trawler carries out adding up and determines speed of a ship or plane threshold value;
(3) trawlboat state is extracted according to speed of a ship or plane threshold value;
(4) filter out according to the speed of a ship or plane of fishing boat the point that fishing boat is in the state of fishing for, the trawl fishing aggregate-value in unit of account graticule mesh:
Wherein, i, j, k represent that in certain graticule mesh, fishing boat i nets the k accommodation point of time j respectively, V
i, j, k, V
i, j, k-1the timely speed of a ship or plane that fishing boat i nets two accommodation points adjacent in time j, t
i, j, k, t
i, j, k-1it is the moment that fishing boat i nets two accommodation points adjacent in time j; From inside to outside sue for peace respectively for three times: fishing boat i nets the aggregate-value of p the accommodation point of time j, second time is that n of fishing boat i nets secondary aggregate-value, is the aggregate-value of m fishing boat for the third time.
2. according to claim 1 based on big-dipper satellite data trawl fishing aggregate-value acquisition methods, it is characterized in that, described step works as W in (4)
iwhen all value is 1, L is accumulative mileage.
3. according to claim 1 based on big-dipper satellite data trawl fishing aggregate-value acquisition methods, it is characterized in that, described step works as W in (4)
iwhen value is the power of fishing boat i, L is integral power mileage.
4. according to claim 1 based on big-dipper satellite data trawl fishing aggregate-value acquisition methods, it is characterized in that, described step works as W in (4)
iwhen value is the network interface area of fishing boat i, L is drainage volume.
5. according to claim 1 based on big-dipper satellite data trawl fishing aggregate-value acquisition methods, it is characterized in that, described step works as W in (4)
ivalue be the bottom line of fishing boat i and net capsule when the width of submarine, L amasss for sweeping sea.
6. according to claim 1ly it is characterized in that based on big-dipper satellite data trawl fishing aggregate-value acquisition methods, in described step (1), the state of trawlboat is divided into the low speed of a ship or plane, trawl fishing and navigation.
7. according to claim 1ly it is characterized in that based on big-dipper satellite data trawl fishing aggregate-value acquisition methods, the speed of a ship or plane threshold value that in described step (2), trawlboat fishes for state is obtained by the frequency change of statistics accommodation point.
8. according to claim 1ly to it is characterized in that based on big-dipper satellite data trawl fishing aggregate-value acquisition methods, after described step (4), also comprise the step calculating trawler threshold value and analyze trawl fishing spatial and temporal distributions.
9. according to claim 1 based on big-dipper satellite data trawl fishing aggregate-value acquisition methods, it is characterized in that, described Big Dipper accommodation data comprise the Big Dipper card number of fishing boat, longitude and latitude position, the speed of a ship or plane, time of transmission, wherein, the temporal resolution of data is 3min, and spatial resolution is 10m.
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