CN105279310B - The Optimization Design of module distributed architecture in a kind of concentrating solar photovoltaic system - Google Patents
The Optimization Design of module distributed architecture in a kind of concentrating solar photovoltaic system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105279310B CN105279310B CN201510608132.7A CN201510608132A CN105279310B CN 105279310 B CN105279310 B CN 105279310B CN 201510608132 A CN201510608132 A CN 201510608132A CN 105279310 B CN105279310 B CN 105279310B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Optimization Design of module distributed architecture in concentrating solar photovoltaic system.Direct sunlight, the physical mechanism of light-gathering optics treatment effect and concentrating solar battery on system installation ground are considered first, establish effective analysis model of condensation photovoltaic module；And then the mechanism of production of concentrating solar battery thermal runaway phenomenon is analyzed, require as standard to optimize design to the distributed architecture of adjacent module spacing and module in concentrating solar photovoltaic system using the strick precaution of concentrating solar battery thermal runaway phenomenon.The present invention can realize the optimization design of concentration photovoltaic system module distributed architecture, this will be helpful to the comprehensive lifting of concentration photovoltaic system generating output and system footprint area performance, meanwhile the comprehensive analysis and effectively control to concentrating solar battery thermal runaway phenomenon can be achieved in effective introducing of temperature parameter in system model.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to solar photovoltaic technology field, is related to module in a kind of concentrating solar photovoltaic system and is distributed
The Optimization Design of structure, more particularly to a kind of Photospot solar based on GaInP/GaInAs/Ge three-joint solar cells
The module distribution Optimization Design of electricity generation system.
Background technology
The generating output and floor space of solar photovoltaic generation system are to weigh two important indicators of systematic function.It is right
For concentrating solar photovoltaic generating system, due to using tracking control technology and III-V race's multi-junction condensation solar cell,
Direct sunlight can be caught to greatest extent, system electricity generation efficiency is far above fixed flat planar crystal silicon photovoltaic electricity generation system.For
Making the generating yield maximization of concentrating solar photovoltaic system, it is desirable to the time of the system tracking sun will certainly be long, with
Track angle also can be bigger, and under conditions of not shading between ensureing module, the floor space of system also can be bigger.If reduce
System footprint area, adjacent module spacing certainly will be shortened, so as to cause the screening for occurring between module during system tracks the sun
Optical phenomenon, this can reduce system generating output again.In addition, single condensation photovoltaic module is typically all made up of multiple light focusing units,
Each corresponding GaInP/GaAs/Ge three-joint solar cell of light focusing unit.For the external output voltage of concentration photovoltaic system
With the requirement of electric current, using being connected in series mode between different solar cells in single module, and then adopted between different modules
Connected with parallel way, can cause larger difference occur between different module output voltages under module shading serious situation,
The less module of output voltage has sink current and is an externally injected into, so as to cause the thermal runaway of module internal light-focusing solar battery to show
As.
Therefore, it is comprehensive to be all unfavorable for system for undue the generating output for pursuing concentrating solar photovoltaic system or floor space
Effective lifting of energy, it is necessary to seek both optimal balance points.Country strongly promotes distributed photovoltaic at present, and has put into effect a system
Arrange policy favourable.And many application scenarios (such as building roof) of distributed photovoltaic all have that area is limited, in order to
Most electricity is sent using limited area, it is necessary to optimize for the module distributed architecture in concentrating solar photovoltaic system
Design, had both improved effective land area utilization rate of system, and and can enough effectively avoids in system the sun caused by shading between module
Energy battery thermal runaway phenomenon, so that overall system performance is optimized.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention, which is that, provides a kind of optimization for being directed to module distributed architecture in concentrating solar photovoltaic system
Design method, require to be analyzed comprehensively by the mechanism of production to concentrating solar battery thermal runaway phenomenon and strick precaution, realize
Optimization to concentrating solar photovoltaic overall system performance.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is：The optimization of module distributed architecture is set in a kind of concentrating solar photovoltaic system
Meter method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1：Using atmospheric radiation transmission, with reference to the geographical and meteorological of concentrating solar photovoltaic system infield
Parameter, obtain inciding the direct projection spectroscopic data of concentrating solar photovoltaic system；
Step 2：Imitated using the outer quantum of each knot battery of the junction batteries of GaInP/GaInAs/Ge at room temperature tri- actually measured
The band-gap energy E of rate EQE data and each knot batterygi(T) EQE data of each knot battery under condition of different temperatures are obtained,
Wherein i=1,2,3, i are three junction battery PN junction sequence numbers；
Step 3：Determine the adjacent initial clipping room of module away from for dx0And dy0, ensure the actual occupation of land of system in the case
Area is the 50% of fixed flat planar crystal silicon photovoltaic system footprint area；Wherein dx0For North and South direction data and dy0For east-west direction
Data；
Step 4：Due to each module on north and south and east-west direction equidistant distributing installation and synchronous sun tracking, it is determined that
Module limiting case during actual tracking, and the module of limiting case is will appear from as specific module；Wherein limiting case is
At the time of shading-area and direct sunlight irradiation level product maximum and system inflection point；
Step 5：With reference to the limiting case determined in step 4, the light-gathering optics processing system model of specific module is established, will
The direct projection spectroscopic data that step 1 obtains imports the light-gathering optics processing system model as input data, takes into account ray tracing effect
Fruit and ray tracing time, the amount of light of solar source is set, each battery receptacle table in module is obtained by ray tracing
The spectroscopic data in face and light distribution；
Step 6：Equivalent-circuit model is established for the junction batteries of GaInP/GaInAs/Ge tri-；In conjunction with what is obtained in step 2
The light on each battery receptacle surface in the module that each knot battery obtains in the EQE data and step 5 under condition of different temperatures
Modal data and light distribution calculate the short circuit current I of each knot batterysci, and substitute into three junction batteries as input data
Equivalent-circuit model；
Step 7：It is assumed that each three junction batteries temperature in same module is identical, with reference to each three junction battery in specific module
Be connected in series and different modules between the situation that is connected in parallel calculate specific module in initial temperature TnUnder the conditions of I-V characteristic it is bent
Line；The operating voltage of specific module is determined, and calculates the Injection Current of the module under the conditions of the operating voltage；According to Injection Current
Value determines the temperature change of the module, and the temperature of the work temperature+Δ T new according to the module and semi-conducting material band-gap energy
Correlation properties adjustment is spent thirdly the band-gap energy E of each knot battery of junction batterygi(T+ Δ T) and dark recombination current I0ni、I1ni；Wherein
I=1,2,3, i are three junction battery PN junction sequence numbers；
Step 8：Repeat step 7, is iterated, if Tn+1-TnIt is substantially equal to zero, I0,n+1,i=I0ni、I1,n+1,i
=I1ni, then represent the junction battery of shading three and occur without thermal runaway phenomenon, battery will not be damaged, now obtain the installation of adjacent module
Spacing dxAnd dy；Steeply risen if there is certain moment temperature value, then illustrating the appearance of shading situation causes three junction batteries heat occur
Escape, then suitably increase adjacent module clipping room away from and then turning round and perform described step 4.
Preferably, the light-gathering optics processing system model for establishing specific module described in step 5, is to be based on Zemax
Optical simulation software establishes the light-gathering optics processing system model of specific module.
Preferably, establishing equivalent-circuit model for the junction batteries of GaInP/GaInAs/Ge tri- described in step 6, it is
Equivalent-circuit model is established for the junction batteries of GaInP/GaInAs/Ge tri- based on PSPICE circuit simulating softwares.
According to the method for the invention, it is possible to achieve the optimization design of concentration photovoltaic system module distributed architecture, this will have
Help the comprehensive lifting of concentration photovoltaic system generating output and system footprint area performance, meanwhile, temperature parameter in system model
Effective introducing comprehensive analysis to concentrating solar battery thermal runaway phenomenon and effectively control can be achieved.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1：It is the schematic flow sheet of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2：It is the system being calculated using the SMARTS2 installation ground direct sunlight spectrogram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3：Be the embodiment of the present invention GaInP/GaInAs/Ge three-joint solar cell condition of different temperatures under outer amount
Sub- efficiency curve diagram.
Fig. 4：It is the light-collecting optical structure and its output spectrum data and the surface of intensity distribution of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5：It is inside the optically focused three-joint solar cell of the embodiment of the present invention each three in schematic equivalent circuit and module
Electrical connection diagram between junction battery.
Fig. 6：Be the embodiment of the present invention concentrating solar photovoltaic system in each module I-V measurement results.
Fig. 7：It is each module installation distributed architecture schematic diagram of concentration photovoltaic system of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Understand for the ease of those of ordinary skill in the art and implement the present invention, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment is to this hair
It is bright to be described in further detail, it will be appreciated that implementation example described herein is merely to illustrate and explain the present invention, not
For limiting the present invention.
See Fig. 1, the optimization design side of module distributed architecture in a kind of concentrating solar photovoltaic system provided by the invention
Method, comprise the following steps：
Step 1：Using atmospheric radiation transmission, with reference to the geographical and meteorological of concentrating solar photovoltaic system infield
Parameter, obtain inciding the direct projection spectroscopic data of concentrating solar photovoltaic system；
The present embodiment is to obtain corresponding actual concentrating solar photovoltaic system infield atmospheric conditions using SMARTS2
Direct sunlight good fortune brightness value.Input variable condition is in wherein SMARTS2：1. local atmospheric pressure is 100.125kpa；2. sea
Degree of lifting is 0.023km；3. ground relative humidity 78%；4. gas concentration lwevel is 370ppmv；5. the total column abundance of ozone layer
For 0.158atm-cm；6. troposphere is except for carbonoxide, outside the total column abundance of ozone layer, the column volumetric concentration of other gases
Take standard value；7. select aerosols from major cities pattern；8. the aerosol optical depth at 500nm is 0.16；9. solar constant is
1367W/m2, and ignore calculating illuminance, Photosynthetic Efficiency, photosynthetically active radiation and special ultraviolet broadband calculate；10. the sun
Angle of circumference is defaulted as 180 °, after inputting data above, you can the direct sunlight degree illumination data of infield is obtained, such as Fig. 2 institutes
Show.
Step 2：Imitated using the outer quantum of each knot battery of the junction batteries of GaInP/GaInAs/Ge at room temperature tri- actually measured
The band-gap energy E of rate EQE data and each knot batterygi(T) EQE data of each knot battery under condition of different temperatures are obtained,
Wherein i=1,2,3, i are three junction battery PN junction sequence numbers；
The present embodiment utilizes each knot battery of the junction batteries of GaInP/GaInAs/Ge tri- under the room temperature (298K) actually measured
The temperature correlated characteristic E of external quantum efficiency EQE data (see Fig. 3 (a)) and each knot cell band gap energygi(T) introduce, and rationally
Linear interpolation method, finally give EQE data of each knot battery under condition of different temperatures.Condensation photovoltaic system in the present embodiment
9 modules of system are finally operated in tri- temperature values of 294K, 303K and 306K respectively, and Fig. 3 (b)-(d) sets forth GaInP/
The junction batteries of GaInAs/Ge tri- correspond to the EQE data of these three temperature values.
Step 3：Determine the adjacent initial clipping room of module away from for dx0And dy0, ensure the actual occupation of land of system in the case
Area is the 50% of fixed flat planar crystal silicon photovoltaic system footprint area；Wherein dx0For North and South direction data and dy0For east-west direction
Data；
Step 4：Due to each module on north and south and east-west direction equidistant distributing installation and synchronous sun tracking, it is determined that
Module limiting case during actual tracking, and the module of limiting case is will appear from as specific module；Wherein limiting case is
At the time of shading-area and direct sunlight irradiation level product maximum and system inflection point；
Step 5：Specific module is established with reference to the limiting case determined in step 4, and based on Zemax optical simulation softwares
Light-gathering optics processing system model, the direct projection spectroscopic data that step 1 is obtained import light-gathering optics processing as input data
System model, ray tracing effect and ray tracing time are taken into account, the amount of light of solar source is rationally set, chased after by light
Mark obtains the spectroscopic data on each battery receptacle surface and light distribution in module；
Shown in single light focusing unit structure such as Fig. 4 (a) of the present embodiment, by clear glass 1, SOG Fresnel Lenses 2, height
Reflectivity parabolic mirror 3, secondary optics unit 4, three knot stacked solar cell components 5 and battery dissipate passive type hot cell
6 are formed.The optical model is imported using the result that step 1 obtains as input data, the amount of light of solar source is rationally set,
By ray tracing obtain each battery receptacle surface in module spectroscopic data (see Fig. 4 (b)) and light distribution (see Fig. 4
(c))。
Step 6：The junction battery size of optically focused three is 5.5mm × 5.5mm used by the present embodiment, can from Fig. 4 (c)
Go out, the Energy distribution on battery is more uniform, therefore battery behavior can be divided using two-dimentional lump type equivalent-circuit model
Analysis.
Equivalent-circuit model is established for the junction batteries of GaInP/GaInAs/Ge tri- based on PSPICE circuit simulating softwares；Again
With reference to each in the module obtained in EQE data and step 5 of each knot battery obtained in step 2 under condition of different temperatures
The spectroscopic data on battery receptacle surface and light distribution calculate the short circuit current I of each knot batterysci, and as input number
According to the equivalent-circuit model for substituting into three junction batteries；
Whole concentrating solar photovoltaic generating system in the present embodiment is made up of 9 identical power generation module groups, Mei Gefa
Electric module is electrically being in series by 35 three-joint solar cells again, and different power generation module groups connects electrically in parallel
Connect.Assuming that each three junction batteries parameter used in system is completely the same, then feelings are connected according to the series/parallel of each battery in system
Condition can obtain module and the equivalent-circuit model of system.Fig. 5 gives the double diode equivalent-circuit model of single three junction battery
And the electrical connection schematic diagram in module, system between each three junction battery.
Step 7：It is assumed that each three junction batteries temperature in same module is identical, with reference to each three junction battery in specific module
Be connected in series and different modules between the situation that is connected in parallel calculate specific module in initial temperature TnUnder the conditions of I-V characteristic it is bent
Line, as shown in Figure 6；The operating voltage of specific module is determined, and calculates the Injection Current of the module under the conditions of the operating voltage；Root
The temperature change of the module, and the work temperature+Δ T new according to the module and semi-conducting material band are determined according to injected value of current
The temperature correlated characteristic of gap energy is adjusted thirdly the band-gap energy E of each knot battery of junction batterygi(T+ Δ T) and dark recombination current
I0ni、I1ni；Wherein i=1,2,3, i are three junction battery PN junction sequence numbers；
Step 8：Repeat step 7, is iterated, if Tn+1-TnIt is substantially equal to zero, I0,n+1,i=I0ni、
I1,n+1,i=I1ni, then represent the junction battery of shading three and occur without thermal runaway phenomenon, battery will not be damaged, now obtain adjacent module
Clipping room away from dxAnd dy；Steeply risen if there is certain moment temperature value, then illustrating the appearance of shading situation causes three junction batteries
There is thermal runaway, then suitably increase adjacent module clipping room away from and then turning round and perform described step 4.
As shown in fig. 7, to reduce concentration photovoltaic system floor space in the present embodiment, tracking system uses pole axis structure,
Polar angle is 30 °, and module north-south and East and West direction maximum rotation angle are respectively 30 ° and 45 °, can comprehensive tracking to greatest extent
Solar azimuth.From fig. 6 it can be seen that the maximum shading size between north-south and the adjacent module of East and West direction be respectively 44mm and
120mm, d is obtained after above-mentioned steps optimizex=790mm and dy=1250mm.
It should be appreciated that the part that this specification does not elaborate belongs to prior art.
It should be appreciated that the above-mentioned description for preferred embodiment is more detailed, therefore can not be considered to this
The limitation of invention patent protection scope, one of ordinary skill in the art are not departing from power of the present invention under the enlightenment of the present invention
Profit is required under protected ambit, can also be made replacement or deformation, be each fallen within protection scope of the present invention, this hair
It is bright scope is claimed to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. the Optimization Design of module distributed architecture in a kind of concentrating solar photovoltaic system, it is characterised in that including following
Step：
Step 1：Using atmospheric radiation transmission, with reference to the geographical and meteorological ginseng of concentrating solar photovoltaic system infield
Number, obtain inciding the direct projection spectroscopic data of concentrating solar photovoltaic system；
Step 2：Utilize the external quantum efficiency of each knot battery of the junction batteries of GaInP/GaInAs/Ge at room temperature tri- actually measured
The band-gap energy E of EQE data and each knot batterygi(T) EQE data of each knot battery under condition of different temperatures are obtained, its
Middle i=1,2,3, i are three junction battery PN junction sequence numbers；
Step 3：Determine the adjacent initial clipping room of module away from for dx0And dy0, in the case ensure system actual floor space be
The 50% of fixed flat planar crystal silicon photovoltaic system footprint area；Wherein dx0For North and South direction data and dy0For east-west direction data；
Step 4：Due to each module on north and south and east-west direction equidistant distributing installation and synchronous sun tracking, it is determined that actual
Module limiting case during tracking, and the module of limiting case is will appear from as specific module；Wherein limiting case is shading
At the time of area and direct sunlight irradiation level product maximum and system inflection point；
Step 5：With reference to the limiting case determined in step 4, the light-gathering optics processing system model of specific module is established, by step
1 obtained direct projection spectroscopic data imports the light-gathering optics processing system model as input data, take into account ray tracing effect and
The ray tracing time, the amount of light of solar source is set, each battery receptacle surface in module is obtained by ray tracing
Spectroscopic data and light distribution；
Step 6：Equivalent-circuit model is established for the junction batteries of GaInP/GaInAs/Ge tri-；In conjunction with each knot obtained in step 2
The spectrum number on each battery receptacle surface in the module that sub- battery obtains in the EQE data and step 5 under condition of different temperatures
According to and light distribution calculate the short circuit current I of each knot batterysci, and substitute into the equivalent of three junction batteries as input data
Circuit model；
Step 7：It is assumed that each three junction batteries temperature in same module is identical, with reference to the series connection of each three junction battery in specific module
The situation that is connected in parallel between connection and different modules calculates specific module in initial temperature TnUnder the conditions of I-V characteristic curve；Really
The operating voltage of fixed specific module, and calculate the Injection Current of the module under the conditions of the operating voltage；It is true according to injected value of current
The temperature change of the fixed module, and the temperature phase of the work temperature+Δ T new according to the module and semi-conducting material band-gap energy
Characteristic adjustment is closed thirdly the band-gap energy E of each knot battery of junction batterygi(T+ Δ T) and dark recombination current I0ni、I1ni；Wherein i=
1st, 2,3, i is three junction battery PN junction sequence numbers；
Step 8：Repeat step 7, is iterated, if Tn+1-TnIt is substantially equal to zero, I0,n+1,i=I0ni、I1,n+1,i=
I1ni, then represent the junction battery of shading three and occur without thermal runaway phenomenon, battery will not be damaged, now obtain the clipping room of adjacent module
Away from dxAnd dy；Rise if there is certain moment temperature value, then illustrating the appearance of shading situation causes three junction batteries thermal runaway occur,
Then increase adjacent module clipping room away from and then turning round and perform described step 4.
2. the Optimization Design of module distributed architecture in concentrating solar photovoltaic system according to claim 1, it is special
Sign is：The light-gathering optics processing system model for establishing specific module described in step 5, it is soft based on Zemax optical simulations
Part establishes the light-gathering optics processing system model of specific module.
3. the Optimization Design of module distributed architecture in concentrating solar photovoltaic system according to claim 1, it is special
Sign is：Equivalent-circuit model is established for the junction batteries of GaInP/GaInAs/Ge tri- described in step 6, is to be based on PSPICE
Circuit simulating software establishes equivalent-circuit model for the junction batteries of GaInP/GaInAs/Ge tri-.
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| CN105760620A (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2016-07-13 | 湖北工业大学 | Thermal runaway control method for parallel-connected concentrating solar energy cells |
| CN106372350B (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2019-03-01 | 西安交通大学 | Assess the calculation method that two-dimentional condenser influences concentration photovoltaic system electrical property |
| CN113343410B (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2022-08-02 | 武汉凹伟能源科技有限公司 | Optimal parameter solving method of photovoltaic cell model |
| CN114186390B (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2023-06-06 | 南京大学 | Rapid optimization method of two-end laminated solar cell in real environment |
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