CN105277895A - Series battery pack SOP (state of power) on-line estimation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Series battery pack SOP (state of power) on-line estimation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a series battery pack SOP (state of power) on-line estimation method and an application thereof. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out the recursion on-line recognition of battery parameters and a battery dynamic effect; carrying out the battery SOP calculation at a next moment based on voltage limiting; carrying out the battery SOP calculation at a moment after the next moment based on voltage limiting; carrying out the battery SOP calculation at the next moment based on current limiting; carrying out the battery SOP calculation at the moment after the next moment based on current limiting; and carrying out the battery SOP on-line estimation at the next moment and the moment after the next moment based on the integration of voltage limiting and current limiting. The method gives the consideration of the impact on peak power from battery voltage and current working windows, can achieve high-precision SOP single-step prediction and multi-step prediction at the same time, can effectively prevent a battery from being used indiscriminately in an actual operation process, and helps other related system achieve optimal energy management.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is battery management system technical field, specifically, is On-line Estimation method and the application thereof of a kind of series battery power rating SOP.
Background technology
SOP is the parameter describing battery maximum charging and discharging capabilities, for determining the peak power output of maximum input to battery and load, avoids battery abuse, and determines as the acceleration grade climbing performance of electric automobile and regeneration braking capacity etc.
Battery SOP prediction is a frontier in battery management system research.The method estimated about battery SOP both at home and abroad mainly has: U.S.'s automobile alliance (PNGV) of future generation proposes the maximum charging and discharging capabilities carrying out estimating battery by pulsed discharge (HybridPulsePowerCharacteristics, HPPC) method; Dynamic electric chemical model based on battery carrys out the method for the SOP of next sampled point battery of accurately predicting; Have employed EKF to estimate the method etc. of the SOP of battery.Existing method, mostly only considered the restriction of battery voltage threshold to battery SOP, and have ignored the restriction of current threshold to battery peak power; Meanwhile, identical method be have employed to the single step SOP of battery and multistep SOP and predicts, do not have can Appropriate application cell voltage, electric current real-time sampling value, thus limit the precision of prediction of battery single step SOP.
Summary of the invention
For the defect of prior art, the invention provides On-line Estimation method and application thereof that a kind of series battery power rating SOP is provided.
Object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of On-line Estimation method of series battery power rating SOP, comprises the steps:
Step 1, perform based on the battery parameter in battery equivalent-circuit model and to the recursion on-line identification not containing battery effect in battery equivalent-circuit model and carry out the battery parameter of comprehensive simulation;
Step 2, the battery SOP performed based on the subsequent time of the battery parameter that voltage limits and on-line identification goes out calculate;
Step 3, the battery SOP performed based on the subsequent time later moment of the battery parameter that voltage limits and on-line identification goes out calculate;
Step 4, perform and calculate based on current limit and the battery SOP of the subsequent time of battery parameter that goes out at identification meter;
Step 5, perform the battery parameter gone out based on current limit and on-line identification subsequent time after the battery SOP in moment calculate;
The battery SOP of the subsequent time that step 6, combining step 2-5 calculate and the battery SOP in later moment, realizes the On-line Estimation based on the battery SOP that voltage limits and current limit is comprehensive.
Battery equivalent-circuit model in described step 1 is Thevenin model, and the battery parameter in described battery equivalent-circuit model comprises the open-circuit voltage V of battery
oc, battery DC internal resistance R
in, for the resistance R in the RC loop of the charge transfer phenomenon of simulated battery
pwith electric capacity C
p, in battery equivalent-circuit model described in moment k, do not contain the coloured noise w that battery effect carries out output terminal at the battery equivalent-circuit model interpolation of battery parameter constructed by the sliding average of white noise of comprehensive simulation
k.
The method of the recursion on-line identification in described step 1 is the on-line identification method based on recursion ELS method, specifically comprises the steps:
Step 101, by formula Γ
t k=[1I
k(I
k-I
k-1)/Δ t (V
t, k-V
t, k-1)/Δ tn
k-1n
k-nc] calculate the recursion value Γ of moment k input vector, wherein, Γ
t 1=Γ
t 2=...=Γ
t nc=Γ
0, Γ
0for given initial value, I, V
tfor electric current (being negative during charging, is just during electric discharge), the terminal voltage of the battery by sensor sample, subscript k represents the kth moment, k-1 represents kth-1 moment, and Δ t is the time between kth moment and kth-1 moment, n
k-1..., n
k-ncbe respectively the stochastic error of previous moment k-1, front nc moment k-nc;
Step 102, by formula P
k=[P
k-1-P
k-1Γ
kΓ
t kp
k-1/ (λ+Γ
t kp
k-1Γ
k)]/λ upgrades the gain factor P in kth moment
k, wherein, subscript k, k-1 represent kth moment and k-1 moment respectively, and λ is forgetting factor (usual interval is 0.95 ~ 1);
Step 103, by formula 0
k=0
k-1+ P
kΓ
k[V
t, k-Γ
t k0
k-1] calculate the parameter vector to be identified 0 in kth moment
k;
Step 104, at the electric current I of k+1 moment battery and terminal voltage V
tafter sampled value upgrades, by formula n
k+1-i=V
t, k+1-i-Γ
t k+1-i0
k+1-i(i=1,2,3 ..., nc) and upgrade the stochastic error in nc moment before current time, k k+1 is replaced, returns step 101, realize recursion.
Step 105, utilize obtain parameter vector 0 to be identified in the recurrence calculation of step 101 ~ 104
kin element 0
1, k, 0
2, k, 0
3, k, 0
4, k, press formula V respectively
oc=0
1, k, R
in=0
3, k/ 0
4, k, R
p=-0
2, k-0
3, k/ 0
4, k, C
p=0
4, k 2/ (0
2, k0
4, k+ 0
3, k) calculate battery open circuit voltage V in battery equivalent-circuit model
oc, DC internal resistance R
in, R in RC circuit
pand C
p.
Described step 2 specifically comprises the steps:
Step 201, by formula V
p, k=V
pc-V
t, k-I
kr
in+ w
kcalculate the battery polarization voltage V of current time k
p, k, wherein, V
oc, R
inand w
kbe respectively the battery open circuit voltage of on-line identification in described step 1, DC internal resistance, coloured noise, V
t, kand I
kfor the battery terminal voltage that obtained by sensor measurement and the electric current by battery;
Step 202, by formula V
p, k+1=e
-Δ t/Rp/Cpv
p, k+ (1-e
-Δ t/Rp/Cp) R
pi
kestimate the battery polarization voltage V of subsequent time k+1
p, k+1, wherein, R
p, C
pbe respectively resistance, the electric capacity in the RC loop of the charge transfer phenomenon for simulated battery of ONLINE RECOGNITION in described step 1, Δ t is the time between subsequent time k+1 and current time k;
Step 203, by w
k+1=Γ
t k0
kestimate the coloured noise w of subsequent time
k+1, wherein, Γ
t k, 0
kbe respectively recursion value, the parameter vector to be identified of the moment k input vector calculated in described step 1;
Step 204, press formula I respectively
chrg, max k+1=(V
oc-V
p, k+1-V
max+ w
k+1)/R
in, I
dischrg, max k+1=(V
oc-V
p, k+1-V
min+ w
k+1)/R
incalculate subsequent time k+1 and be no more than battery permission ceiling voltage V
maxmaximum charging current I
chrg, max k+1, be no more than battery and allow minimum voltage V
minmaximum discharge current I
dischrg, max k+1;
Step 205, be calculated as follows out the battery SOP of subsequent time k+1 based on voltage restriction:
SOP
V，short chargg，k+1＝V
maxI
chrg，max k+1；
SOP
V，short discharge，k+1＝V
minI
dischrg，max k+1。
Described step 3 specifically comprises the steps:
Step 301, by formula V
p, k+1=e
-Δ t/Rp/Cpv
p, k+ (1-e
-Δ t/Rp/Cp) R
pi
kestimate the battery polarization voltage V of subsequent time k+1
p, k+1, wherein, R
p, C
pbe respectively resistance, the electric capacity in the RC loop of the charge transfer phenomenon for simulated battery of ONLINE RECOGNITION in described step 1, Δ t is the time between subsequent time k+1 and current time k;
Step 302, press formula I respectively
chrg, max k+1=(V
oc-V
p, k+1-V
max)/R
in, I
dischrg, max k+1=(V
oc-V
p, k+1-V
min)/Rin calculates subsequent time k+1 and is no more than battery permission ceiling voltage V
maxmaximum charging current I
chrg, max k+1, be no more than battery and allow minimum voltage V
minmaximum discharge current I
dischrg, max k+1;
Step 303, make k=k+1, repeat step 301 and step 302, then what can calculate n moment after current time when not having other input is no more than battery permission ceiling voltage V
maxmaximum charging current I
chrg, max k+i, be no more than battery and allow minimum voltage V
minmaximum discharge current I
dischrg, max k+i, wherein, i=1 ~ n; And then be calculated as follows out the battery SOP in the subsequent time later moment based on voltage restriction:
SOP
V，long charge，k+j＝V
maxI
chrg，max k+j；
SOP
V，long discharge，k+j＝V
minI
dischrg，max k+j；
Wherein, the k in subscript represents current time, k+j represents the later j of current time (j=1,2 ..., n).
Described step 4 specifically comprises the steps:
Step 401, by formula V
p, k=V
oc-V
t, k-I
kr
in+ w
kcalculate the battery polarization voltage V of current time k
p, k, wherein, V
oc, R
inand w
kbe respectively the battery open circuit voltage of on-line identification in described step 1, DC internal resistance, coloured noise, V
t, kand I
kfor the battery terminal voltage that obtained by sensor measurement and the electric current by battery;
Step 402, by formula V
p, k+1=e
-Δ t/Rp/Cpv
p, k+ (1-e
-Δ t/Rp/Cp) R
pi
kestimate the battery polarization voltage V of subsequent time k+1
p, k+1, wherein, R
p, C
pbe respectively resistance, the electric capacity in the RC loop of the charge transfer phenomenon for simulated battery of ONLINE RECOGNITION in described step 1, Δ t is the time between subsequent time k+1 and current time k;
Step 403, by w
k+1=Γ
t k0
kestimate the coloured noise w of subsequent time
k+1, wherein, Γ
t k, 0
kbe respectively recursion value, the parameter vector to be identified of the moment k input vector calculated in described step 1;
Step 404, press formula V respectively
chrg, max k+1=V
oc-V
p, k+1-I
minr
in+ w
k+1, V
dischrg, min k+1=V
oc-V
p, k+1-I
maxr
in+ w
k+1calculate subsequent time k+1 and be no more than battery permission maximum charging current I
minceiling voltage V
chrg, max k+1, be no more than battery and allow maximum discharge current I
maxminimum voltage V
dischrg, min k+1;
Step 405, be calculated as follows out the battery SOP of the subsequent time k+1 based on current limit:
SOP
I，short charge，k+1＝I
minV
chrg，max k+1；
SOP
I，short discharge，k+1＝I
maxV
dischrg，min k+1。
Described step 5 specifically comprises the steps:
Step 501, by formula V
p, k+1=e
-Δ t/Rp/Cpv
p, k+ (1-e
-Δ t/Rp/Cp) R
pi
kestimate the battery polarization voltage V of subsequent time k+1
p, k+1, wherein, R
p, C
pbe respectively resistance, the electric capacity in the RC loop of the charge transfer phenomenon for simulated battery of ONLINE RECOGNITION in described step 1, Δ t is the time between subsequent time k+1 and current time k;
Step 502, press formula V respectively
chrg, max k+1=V
oc-V
p, k+1-I
minr
in, V
dischrg, min k+1=V
oc-V
p, k+1-I
maxr
incalculate subsequent time k+1 and be no more than battery permission maximum charging current I
minceiling voltage V
chrg, max k+1, be no more than battery and allow maximum discharge current I
maxminimum voltage V
dischrg, min k+1;
Step 503, make k=k+1, repeating said steps 501 and step 502, then can calculate the battery that is no more than in n moment after current time when not having other to input and allow maximum charging current I
minceiling voltage V
chrg, max k+i, be no more than battery and allow maximum discharge current I
maxminimum voltage V
dischrg, min k+i, wherein, i=1 ~ n; And then be calculated as follows out the battery SOP in the subsequent time later moment based on current limit:
SOP
I，long charge，k+j＝I
minV
chrg，max k+j；
SOP
I，long discharge，k+j＝I
maxV
dischrg，min k+j；
Wherein, the k in subscript represents current time, k+j represents the later j of current time (j=1,2 ..., n).
Described step 6 specifically comprises the steps:
Step 601, be calculated as follows the battery SOP of subsequent time:
SOP
short charge.k+1＝max[SOP
V，short charge，k+1，SOP
I，short charge，k+1]；
SOP
short discharge.k+1＝max[SOP
V，short discharge，k+1，SOP
I，short discharge，k+1]；
Wherein, the k in subscript represents current time, k+1 represents subsequent time, SOP
short charge.k+1, SOP
short didcharge.k+1be respectively the battery SOP of subsequent time in charging process and discharge process;
Step 602, battery SOP by the moment after following formula subsequent time
SOP
long charge.k+j＝max[SOP
V，long charge，k+j，SOP
I，long charge，k+j]；
SOP
long discharge.k+j＝max[SOP
V，long discharge，k+j，SOP
I，long discharge，k+j]；
Wherein, the k in subscript represents current time, k+j represents the later j of current time (j=1,2 ..., n) moment, SOP
long charge.k+j, SOP
long discharge.k+jbe respectively the battery SOP in moment after subsequent time in charging process and discharge process.
Battery SOP in series battery discharge process is the battery SOP that the monomer voltage in series battery is minimum, and the battery SOP in series battery charge process is the battery SOP that the monomer voltage in series battery is the highest.
Battery SOP can be calculated, for preventing battery accelerated deterioration even the battery temperature restriction of spontaneous combustion blast by said method.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1) the present invention considers cell voltage and current work window to the impact of peak power simultaneously, thus improves the reliability that SOP calculates, and guarantees that battery can efficiently, enduringly work.
2) the present invention is according to different initial conditions, can realize Single-step Prediction and the multi-step prediction of SOP simultaneously.Wherein, SOP Single-step Prediction can effectively prevent battery from being abused in real time execution process, and SOP multi-step prediction then can help other related system to realize optimized energy management.
3) via experimental verification, the present invention have SOP Single-step Prediction value and actual value almost completely the same, that multi-step prediction is in 15s maximum error be the high precision of-3.27%.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the On-line Estimation method of a kind of series battery power rating of embodiment of the present invention SOP.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.Following examples will contribute to those skilled in the art and understand the present invention further, but not limit the present invention in any form.It should be pointed out that to those skilled in the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, some distortion and improvement can also be made.These all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, embodiments provide a kind of On-line Estimation method of series battery power rating SOP, comprise the steps:
Step 1, perform based on the battery parameter in battery equivalent-circuit model and to the recursion on-line identification not containing battery effect in battery equivalent-circuit model and carry out the battery parameter of comprehensive simulation;
Step 2, the battery SOP performed based on the subsequent time of the battery parameter that voltage limits and on-line identification goes out calculate;
Step 3, the battery SOP performed based on the subsequent time later moment of the battery parameter that voltage limits and on-line identification goes out calculate;
Step 4, perform and calculate based on current limit and the battery SOP of the subsequent time of battery parameter that goes out at identification meter;
Step 5, perform the battery parameter gone out based on current limit and on-line identification subsequent time after the battery SOP in moment calculate;
The battery SOP of the subsequent time that step 6, combining step 2-5 calculate and the battery SOP in later moment, realizes the On-line Estimation based on the battery SOP that voltage limits and current limit is comprehensive.
Battery equivalent-circuit model in described step 1 is Thevenin model, and the battery parameter in described battery equivalent-circuit model comprises the open-circuit voltage V of battery
oc, battery DC internal resistance R
in, for the resistance R in the RC loop of the charge transfer phenomenon of simulated battery
pwith electric capacity C
p, in battery equivalent-circuit model described in moment k, do not contain the coloured noise w that battery effect carries out output terminal at the battery equivalent-circuit model interpolation of battery parameter constructed by the sliding average of white noise of comprehensive simulation
k.
The method of the recursion on-line identification in described step 1 is the on-line identification method based on recursion ELS method, specifically comprises the steps:
Step 101, by formula Γ
t k=[1I
k(I
k-I
k-1)/Δ t (V
t, k-V
t, k-1)/Δ tn
k-1n
k-nc] calculate the recursion value Γ of moment k input vector, wherein, Γ
t 1=Γ
t 2=...=Γ
t nc=Γ
0, Γ
0for given initial value, I, V
tfor electric current (being negative during charging, is just during electric discharge), the terminal voltage of the battery by sensor sample, subscript k represents the kth moment, k-1 represents kth-1 moment, and Δ t is the time between kth moment and kth-1 moment, n
k-1..., n
k-ncbe respectively the stochastic error of previous moment k-1, front nc moment k-nc;
Step 102, by formula P
k=[P
k-1-P
k-1Γ
kΓ
t kp
k-1/ (λ+Γ
t kp
k-1Γ
k)]/λ upgrades the gain factor P in kth moment
k, wherein, subscript k, k-1 represent kth moment and k-1 moment respectively, and λ is forgetting factor (usual interval is 0.95 ~ 1);
Step 103, by formula 0
k=0
k-1+ P
kΓ
k[V
t, k-Γ
t k0
k-1] calculate the parameter vector to be identified 0 in kth moment
k;
Step 104, at the electric current I of k+1 moment battery and terminal voltage V
tafter sampled value upgrades, by formula n
k+1-i=V
t, k+1-i-Γ
t k+1-i0
k+1-i(i=1,2,3 ..., nc) and upgrade the stochastic error in nc moment before current time, k k+1 is replaced, returns step 101, realize recursion.
Step 105, utilize obtain parameter vector 0 to be identified in the recurrence calculation of step 101 ~ 104
kin element 0
1, k, 0
2, k, 0
3, k, 0
4, k, press formula V respectively
oc=0
1, k, R
in=0
3, k/ 0
4, k, R
p=-0
2, k-0
3, k/ 0
4, k, C
p=0
4, k 2/ (0
2, k0
4, k+ 0
3, k) calculate battery open circuit voltage V in battery equivalent-circuit model
oc, DC internal resistance R
in, R in RC circuit
pand C
p.
Described step 2 specifically comprises the steps:
Step 201, by formula V
p, k=V
oc-V
t, k-I
kr
in+ w
kcalculate the battery polarization voltage V of current time k
p, k, wherein, V
oc, R
inand w
kbe respectively the battery open circuit voltage of on-line identification in described step 1, DC internal resistance, coloured noise, V
t, kand I
kfor the battery terminal voltage that obtained by sensor measurement and the electric current by battery;
Step 202, by formula V
p, k+1=e
-Δ t/Rp/Cpv
p, k+ (1-e
-Δ t/Rp/Cp) R
pi
kestimate the battery polarization voltage V of subsequent time k+1
p, k+1, wherein, R
p, C
pbe respectively resistance, the electric capacity in the RC loop of the charge transfer phenomenon for simulated battery of ONLINE RECOGNITION in described step 1, Δ t is the time between subsequent time k+1 and current time k;
Step 203, by w
k+1=Γ
t k0
kestimate the coloured noise w of subsequent time
k+1, wherein, Γ
t k, 0
kbe respectively recursion value, the parameter vector to be identified of the moment k input vector calculated in described step 1;
Step 204, press formula I respectively
chrg, max k+1=(V
oc-V
p, k+1-V
max+ w
k+1)/R
in, I
dischrg, max k+1=(V
oc-V
p, k+1-V
min+ w
k+1)/R
incalculate subsequent time k+1 and be no more than battery permission ceiling voltage V
maxmaximum charging current I
chrg, max k+1, be no more than battery and allow minimum voltage V
minmaximum discharge current I
dischrg, max k+1;
Step 205, be calculated as follows out the battery SOP of subsequent time k+1 based on voltage restriction:
SOP
V，short charge，k+1＝V
maxI
chrg，max k+1；
SOP
V，short discharge，k+1＝V
minI
dischrg，max k+1。
Described step 3 specifically comprises the steps:
Step 301, by formula V
p, k+1=e
-Δ t/Rp/Cpv
p, k+ (1-e
-Δ t/Rp/Cp) R
pi
kestimate the battery polarization voltage V of subsequent time k+1
p, k+1, wherein, R
p, C
pbe respectively resistance, the electric capacity in the RC loop of the charge transfer phenomenon for simulated battery of ONLINE RECOGNITION in described step 1, Δ t is the time between subsequent time k+1 and current time k;
Step 302, press formula I respectively
chrg, max k+1=(V
oc-V
p, k+1-V
max)/R
in, I
dischrg, max k+1=(V
oc-V
p, k+1-V
min)/Rin calculates subsequent time k+1 and is no more than battery permission ceiling voltage V
maxmaximum charging current I
chrg, max k+1, be no more than battery and allow minimum voltage V
minmaximum discharge current I
dischrg, max k+1;
Step 303, make k=k+1, repeat step 301 and step 302, then what can calculate n moment after current time when not having other input is no more than battery permission ceiling voltage V
maxmaximum charging current I
chrg, max k+i, be no more than battery and allow minimum voltage V
minmaximum discharge current I
dischrg, max k+i, wherein, i=1 ~ n; And then be calculated as follows out the battery SOP in the subsequent time later moment based on voltage restriction:
SOP
V，long charge，k+j＝V
maxI
chrg，max k+j；
SOP
V，long discharge，k+j＝V
minI
dischrg，max k+j；
Wherein, the k in subscript represents current time, k+j represents the later j of current time (j=1,2 ..., n).
Described step 4 specifically comprises the steps:
Step 401, by formula V
p, k=V
oc-V
t, k-I
kr
in+ w
kcalculate the battery polarization voltage V of current time k
p, k, wherein, V
oc, R
inand w
kbe respectively the battery open circuit voltage of on-line identification in described step 1, DC internal resistance, coloured noise, V
t, kand I
kfor the battery terminal voltage that obtained by sensor measurement and the electric current by battery;
Step 402, by formula V
p, k+1=e
-Δ t/Rp/Cpv
p, k+ (1-e
-Δ t/Rp/Cp) R
pi
kestimate the battery polarization voltage V of subsequent time k+1
p, k+1, wherein, R
p, C
pbe respectively resistance, the electric capacity in the RC loop of the charge transfer phenomenon for simulated battery of ONLINE RECOGNITION in described step 1, Δ t is the time between subsequent time k+1 and current time k;
Step 403, by w
k+1=Γ
t k0
kestimate the coloured noise w of subsequent time
k+1, wherein, Γ
t k, 0
kbe respectively recursion value, the parameter vector to be identified of the moment k input vector calculated in described step 1;
Step 404, press formula V respectively
chrg, max k+1=V
oc-V
p, k+1-I
minr
in+ w
k+1, V
dischrg, min k+1=V
oc-V
p, k+1-I
maxr
in+ w
k+1calculate subsequent time k+1 and be no more than battery permission maximum charging current I
minceiling voltage V
chrg, max k+1, be no more than battery and allow maximum discharge current I
maxminimum voltage V
dischrg, min k+1;
Step 405, be calculated as follows out the battery SOP of the subsequent time k+1 based on current limit:
SOP
I，short charge，k+1＝I
minV
chrg，max k+1；
SOP
I，short discharge，k+1＝I
maxV
dischrg，min k+1。
Described step 5 specifically comprises the steps:
Step 501, by formula V
p, k+1=e
-Δ t/Rp/Cpv
p, k+ (1-e
-Δ t/Rp/Cp) R
pi
kestimate the battery polarization voltage V of subsequent time k+1
p, k+1, wherein, R
p, C
pbe respectively resistance, the electric capacity in the RC loop of the charge transfer phenomenon for simulated battery of ONLINE RECOGNITION in described step 1, Δ t is the time between subsequent time k+1 and current time k;
Step 502, press formula V respectively
chrg, max k+1=V
oc-V
p, k+1-I
minr
in, V
dischrg, min k+1=V
oc-V
p, k+1-I
maxr
incalculate subsequent time k+1 and be no more than battery permission maximum charging current I
minceiling voltage V
chrg, max k+1, be no more than battery and allow maximum discharge current I
maxminimum voltage V
dischrg, min k+1;
Step 503, make k=k+1, repeating said steps 501 and step 502, then can calculate the battery that is no more than in n moment after current time when not having other to input and allow maximum charging current I
minceiling voltage V
chrg, max k+i, be no more than battery and allow maximum discharge current I
maxminimum voltage V
dischrg, min k+i, wherein, i=1 ~ n; And then be calculated as follows out the battery SOP in the subsequent time later moment based on current limit:
SOP
I，long charge，k+j＝I
minV
chrg，max k+j；
SOP
I，long discharge，k+j＝I
maxV
dischrg，min k+j；
Wherein, the k in subscript represents current time, k+j represents the later j of current time (j=1,2 ..., n).
Described step 6 specifically comprises the steps:
Step 601, be calculated as follows the battery SOP of subsequent time:
SOP
short charge.k+1＝max[SOP
V，short charge，k+1，SOP
I，short charge，k+1]；
SOP
short discharge.k+1＝max[SOP
V，short discharge，k+1，SOP
I，short discharge，k+1]；
Wherein, the k in subscript represents current time, k+1 represents subsequent time, SOP
short charge.k+1, SOP
short discharge.k+1be respectively the battery SOP of subsequent time in charging process and discharge process;
Step 602, battery SOP by the moment after following formula subsequent time
SOP
long charge.k+j＝max[SOP
V，long charge，k+j，SOP
I，long charge，k+j]；
SOP
long discharge.k+j＝max[SOP
V，long discharge，k+j，SOP
I，long discharge，k+j]；
Wherein, the k in subscript represents current time, k+j represents the later j of current time (j=1,2 ..., n) moment, SOP
long charge.k+j, SOP
long discharge.k+jbe respectively the battery SOP in moment after subsequent time in charging process and discharge process.
Battery SOP in series battery discharge process is the battery SOP that the monomer voltage in series battery is minimum, and the battery SOP in series battery charge process is the battery SOP that the monomer voltage in series battery is the highest.
This concrete enforcement considers cell voltage and current work window to the impact of peak power simultaneously, thus improves the reliability that SOP calculates, and guarantees that battery can efficiently, enduringly work; According to different initial conditions, Single-step Prediction and the multi-step prediction of SOP can be realized simultaneously.Wherein, SOP Single-step Prediction can effectively prevent battery from being abused in real time execution process, and SOP multi-step prediction then can help other related system to realize optimized energy management.Via experimental verification, the present invention have SOP Single-step Prediction value and actual value almost completely the same, that multi-step prediction is in 15s maximum error be the high precision of-3.27%.
Above specific embodiments of the invention are described.It is to be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make various distortion or amendment within the scope of the claims, and this does not affect flesh and blood of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. an On-line Estimation method of series battery power rating SOP, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
Step 1, perform based on the battery parameter in battery equivalent-circuit model and to the recursion on-line identification not containing battery effect in battery equivalent-circuit model and carry out the battery parameter of comprehensive simulation;
Step 2, the battery SOP performed based on the subsequent time of the battery parameter that voltage limits and on-line identification goes out calculate;
Step 3, the battery SOP performed based on the subsequent time later moment of the battery parameter that voltage limits and on-line identification goes out calculate;
Step 4, perform and calculate based on current limit and the battery SOP of the subsequent time of battery parameter that goes out at identification meter;
Step 5, perform the battery parameter gone out based on current limit and on-line identification subsequent time after the battery SOP in moment calculate;
The battery SOP of the subsequent time that step 6, combining step 2-5 calculate and the battery SOP in later moment, realizes the On-line Estimation based on the battery SOP that voltage limits and current limit is comprehensive.
2. the On-line Estimation method of a kind of series battery power rating SOP as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, battery equivalent-circuit model in described step 1 is Thevenin model, and the battery parameter in described battery equivalent-circuit model comprises the open-circuit voltage V of battery
oc, battery DC internal resistance R
in, for the resistance R in the RC loop of the charge transfer phenomenon of simulated battery
pwith electric capacity C
p, in battery equivalent-circuit model described in moment k, do not contain the coloured noise w that battery effect carries out output terminal at the battery equivalent-circuit model interpolation of battery parameter constructed by the sliding average of white noise of comprehensive simulation
k.
3. the On-line Estimation method of a kind of series battery power rating SOP as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the method for the recursion on-line identification in described step 1 is the on-line identification method based on recursion ELS method, specifically comprises the steps:
Step 101, by formula Γ
t k=[1I
k(I
k-I
k-1)/Δ t (V
t, k-V
t, k-1)/Δ tn
k-1n
k-nc] calculate the recursion value Γ of moment k input vector, wherein, Γ
t 1=Γ
t 2=...=Γ
t nc=Γ
0, Γ
0for given initial value, I, V
tfor electric current (being negative during charging, is just during electric discharge), the terminal voltage of the battery by sensor sample, subscript k represents the kth moment, k-1 represents kth-1 moment, and Δ t is the time between kth moment and kth-1 moment, n
k-1..., n
k-ncbe respectively the stochastic error of previous moment k-1, front nc moment k-nc;
Step 102, by formula P
k=[P
k-1-P
k-1Γ
kΓ
t kp
k-1/ (λ+Γ
t kp
k-1Γ
k)]/λ upgrades the gain factor P in kth moment
k, wherein, subscript k, k-1 represent kth moment and k-1 moment respectively, and λ is forgetting factor (usual interval is 0.95 ~ 1);
Step 103, by formula 0
k=0
k-1+ P
kΓ
k[V
t, k-Γ
t k0
k-1] calculate the parameter vector to be identified 0 in kth moment
k;
Step 104, at the electric current I of k+1 moment battery and terminal voltage V
tafter sampled value upgrades, by formula n
k+1-i=V
t, k+1-i-Γ
t k+1-i0
k+1-i(i=1,2,3 ..., nc) and upgrade the stochastic error in nc moment before current time, k k+1 is replaced, returns step 101, realize recursion.
Step 105, utilize obtain parameter vector 0 to be identified in the recurrence calculation of step 101 ~ 104
kin element 0
1, k, 0
2, k, 0
3, k, 0
4, k, press formula V respectively
oc=0
1, k, R
in=0
3, k/ 0
4, k, R
p=-0
2, k-0
3, k/ 0
4, k, C
p=0
4, k 2/ (0
2, k0
4, k+ 0
3, k) calculate battery open circuit voltage V in battery equivalent-circuit model
oc, DC internal resistance R
in, R in RC circuit
pand C
p.
4. the On-line Estimation method of a kind of series battery power rating SOP as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step 2 specifically comprises the steps:
Step 201, by formula V
p, k=V
oc-V
t, k-I
kr
in+ w
kcalculate the battery polarization voltage V of current time k
p, k, wherein, V
oc, R
inand w
kbe respectively the battery open circuit voltage of on-line identification in described step 1, DC internal resistance, coloured noise, V
t, kand I
kfor the battery terminal voltage that obtained by sensor measurement and the electric current by battery;
Step 202, by formula V
p, k+1=e
-Δ t/Rp/Cpv
p, k+ (1-e
-Δ t/Rp/Cp) R
pi
kestimate the battery polarization voltage V of subsequent time k+1
p, k+1, wherein, R
p, C
pbe respectively resistance, the electric capacity in the RC loop of the charge transfer phenomenon for simulated battery of ONLINE RECOGNITION in described step 1, Δ t is the time between subsequent time k+1 and current time k;
Step 203, by w
k+1=Γ
t k0
kestimate the coloured noise w of subsequent time
k+1, wherein, Γ
t k, 0
kbe respectively recursion value, the parameter vector to be identified of the moment k input vector calculated in described step 1;
Step 204, press formula I respectively
chrg, max k+1=(V
oc-V
p, k+1-V
max+ w
k+1)/R
in, I
dischrg, max k+1=(V
oc-V
p, k+1-V
min+ w
k+1)/R
incalculate subsequent time k+1 and be no more than battery permission ceiling voltage V
maxmaximum charging current I
chrg, max k+1, be no more than battery and allow minimum voltage V
minmaximum discharge current I
dischrg, max k+1;
Step 205, be calculated as follows out the battery SOP of subsequent time k+1 based on voltage restriction:
SOP
V，short charge，k+1＝V
maxI
chrg，max k+1；
SOP
V，short discharge，k+1＝V
minI
dischrg，max k+1。
5. the On-line Estimation method of a kind of series battery power rating SOP as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step 3 specifically comprises the steps:
Step 301, by formula V
p, k+1=e
-Δ t/Rp/Cpv
p, k+ (1-e
-Δ t/Rp/Cp) R
pi
kestimate the battery polarization voltage V of subsequent time k+1
p, k+1, wherein, R
p, C
pbe respectively resistance, the electric capacity in the RC loop of the charge transfer phenomenon for simulated battery of ONLINE RECOGNITION in described step 1, Δ t is the time between subsequent time k+1 and current time k;
Step 302, press formula I respectively
chrg, max k+1=(V
oc-V
p, k+1-V
max)/R
in, I
dischrg, max k+1=(V
oc-V
p, k+1-V
min)/Rin calculates subsequent time k+1 and is no more than battery permission ceiling voltage V
maxmaximum charging current I
chrg, max k+1, be no more than battery and allow minimum voltage V
minmaximum discharge current I
dischrg, max k+1;
Step 303, make k=k+1, repeat step 301 and step 302, then what can calculate n moment after current time when not having other input is no more than battery permission ceiling voltage V
maxmaximum charging current I
chrg, max k+i, be no more than battery and allow minimum voltage V
minmaximum discharge current I
dischrg, max k+i, wherein, i=1 ~ n; And then be calculated as follows out the battery SOP in the subsequent time later moment based on voltage restriction:
SOP
V，long charge，k+j＝V
maxI
chrg，max k+j；
SOP
V，long discharge，k+j＝V
minI
dischrg，max k+j；
Wherein, the k in subscript represents current time, k+j represents the later j of current time (j=1,2 ..., n).
6. the On-line Estimation method of a kind of series battery power rating SOP as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step 4 specifically comprises the steps:
Step 401, by formula V
p, k=V
oc-V
t, k-I
kr
in+ w
kcalculate the battery polarization voltage V of current time k
p, k, wherein, V
oc, R
inand w
kbe respectively the battery open circuit voltage of on-line identification in described step 1, DC internal resistance, coloured noise, V
t, kand I
kfor the battery terminal voltage that obtained by sensor measurement and the electric current by battery;
Step 402, by formula V
p, k+1=e
-Δ t/Rp/Cpv
p, k+ (1-e
-Δ t/Rp/Cp) R
pi
kestimate the battery polarization voltage V of subsequent time k+1
p, k+1, wherein, R
p, C
pbe respectively resistance, the electric capacity in the RC loop of the charge transfer phenomenon for simulated battery of ONLINE RECOGNITION in described step 1, Δ t is the time between subsequent time k+1 and current time k;
Step 403, by w
k+1=Γ
t k0
kestimate the coloured noise w of subsequent time
k+1, wherein, Γ
t k, 0
kbe respectively recursion value, the parameter vector to be identified of the moment k input vector calculated in described step 1;
Step 404, press formula V respectively
chrg, max k+1=V
oc-V
p, k+1-I
minr
in+ w
k+1, V
dischrg, min k+1=V
oc-V
p, k+1-I
maxr
in+ w
k+1calculate subsequent time k+1 and be no more than battery permission maximum charging current I
minceiling voltage V
chrg, max k+1, be no more than battery and allow maximum discharge current I
maxminimum voltage V
dischrg, min k+1;
Step 405, be calculated as follows out the battery SOP of the subsequent time k+1 based on current limit:
SOP
I，short charge，k+1＝I
minV
chrg，max k+1；
SOP
I，short discharge，k+1＝I
maxV
dischrg，min k+1。
7. the On-line Estimation method of a kind of series battery power rating SOP as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step 5 specifically comprises the steps:
Step 501, by formula V
p, k+1=e
-Δ t/Rp/Cpv
p, k+ (1-e
-Δ t/Rp/Cp) R
pi
kestimate the battery polarization voltage V of subsequent time k+1
p, k+1, wherein, R
p, C
pbe respectively resistance, the electric capacity in the RC loop of the charge transfer phenomenon for simulated battery of ONLINE RECOGNITION in described step 1, Δ t is the time between subsequent time k+1 and current time k;
Step 502, press formula V respectively
chrg, max k+1=V
oc-V
p, k+1-I
minr
in, V
dischrg, min k+1=V
oc-V
p, k+1-I
maxr
incalculate subsequent time k+1 and be no more than battery permission maximum charging current I
minceiling voltage V
chrg, max k+1, be no more than battery and allow maximum discharge current I
maxminimum voltage v
dischrg, min k+1;
Step 503, make k=k+1, repeating said steps 501 and step 502, then can calculate the battery that is no more than in n moment after current time when not having other to input and allow maximum charging current I
minceiling voltage V
chrg, max k+i, be no more than battery and allow maximum discharge current I
maxminimum voltage V
dischrg, min k+i, wherein, i=1 ~ n; And then be calculated as follows out the battery SOP in the subsequent time later moment based on current limit:
SOP
I，long charge，k+j＝I
minV
chrg，max k+j；
SOP
I，long discharge，k+j＝I
maxV
dischrg，min k+j；
Wherein, the k in subscript represents current time, k+j represents the later j of current time (j=1,2 ..., n).
8. the On-line Estimation method of a kind of series battery power rating SOP as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step 6 specifically comprises the steps:
Step 601, be calculated as follows the battery SOP of subsequent time:
Sop
short charge.k+1＝max[SOP
V，short charge，k+1，SOP
I，short charge，k+1]；
SOP
short discharge.k+1＝max[SOP
V，short discharge，k+1，SOP
I，short discharge，k+1]；
Wherein, the k in subscript represents current time, k+1 represents subsequent time, SOP
short charge.k+1, SOP
short dischrge.k+1be respectively the battery SOP of subsequent time in charging process and discharge process;
Step 602, battery SOP by the moment after following formula subsequent time
SOP
long charge.k+j＝max[SOP
V，long charge，k+j，SOP
I，long charge，k+j]；
sop
long discharge.k+j＝max[SOP
V，long discharge，k+j，SOP
I，long discharge，k+j]；
Wherein, the k in subscript represents current time, k+j represents the later j of current time (j=1,2 ..., n) moment, sop
long charge.k+j, SOP
long discharge.k+jbe respectively the battery SOP in moment after subsequent time in charging process and discharge process.
9. the On-line Estimation method of a kind of series battery power rating SOP as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, battery SOP in series battery discharge process is the battery SOP that the monomer voltage in series battery is minimum, and the battery SOP in series battery charge process is the battery SOP that the monomer voltage in series battery is the highest.
10. the application of the On-line Estimation method of a kind of series battery power rating SOP as described in any one of claim 1-9, is characterized in that, is limited for preventing battery the accelerated deterioration even battery temperature of spontaneous combustion blast by the battery SOP calculated.
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| CN114167289A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-03-11 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Method and device for determining output power of battery and vehicle |
| CN114167289B (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2024-01-16 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Battery output power determining method and device and vehicle |
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