CN105277617A - Piezoelectric vibration sensor - Google Patents
Piezoelectric vibration sensor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105277617A CN105277617A CN201510717753.9A CN201510717753A CN105277617A CN 105277617 A CN105277617 A CN 105277617A CN 201510717753 A CN201510717753 A CN 201510717753A CN 105277617 A CN105277617 A CN 105277617A
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- piezoelectric
- power source
- exciting
- control circuit
- vibration sensors
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005520 electrodynamics Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033558 biomineral tissue development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010358 mechanical oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a piezoelectric vibration sensor. The piezoelectric vibration sensor comprises a sensor shell, an exciting power source, an exciter cavity body, an exciting steel hammer, a vibration sensing cavity body, a PVDF (Polyvinylidene Fluoride) piezoelectric sensor thin film and a control circuit, wherein the exciter cavity body and the vibration sensing cavity body are respectively arranged in the sensor shell; the exciting power source and the exciting steel hammer are arranged in the exciter cavity body; the exciting steel hammer is connected with the exciting power source; the control circuit is arranged at the top part of the vibration sensing cavity body; the PVDF piezoelectric sensor thin film is arranged at the bottom part of the vibration sensing cavity body; the exciting power source is electrically connected with the control circuit, and the PVDF piezoelectric sensor thin film is electrically connected with the control circuit. The piezoelectric vibration sensor disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the implementation is accurate, the structure failure information such as wear and fracture of a detected part can be acquired in real time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of sensing technologies, particularly, relate to a kind of piezoelectric vibration sensors.
Background technology
Most of vibration transducer is all that passive type accepts extraneous vibration signal, for the fixation means of the long services such as bridge, railway, steel tower, support, need the system of self-feedback to carry out self-inspection defect, therefore vibration transducer needs to comprise vibration source (vibrator), vibrating sensing probe and control circuit system three parts.
Vibrator is a vibrative signal source, mainly contains following several.
(1) inertial exciter: utilize eccentric massblock to turn round the exciting force needed for producing.Vibrator be rigidly connected by sharp object, vibrator rotary vibration drive vibrated by sharp part.
(2) Electrodynamic Vibrators: Electrodynamic Vibrators divides moving winding and alignment circle, and exchange current is passed into moving winding, makes the effect of coil powered magnetic actuation force in the magnetic field that the alignment circle of logical constant current produces and produces vibration.The vibration source of different characteristic can be obtained by the alternating current frequency parameter changed in moving winding.
(3) electromagnetic actuator: electromagnetic actuator forms by with the electromagnet core of coil and armature, by the electric current of mechanical periodicity input magnet coil, is just being produced the exciting force of mechanical periodicity between sharp part and electromagnet.The electromagnetic actuator applied in vibrating machine forms by with the electromagnet core of coil and armature usually, between iron core and armature, spring is housed.When to coil input AC electricity, or alternating current adds direct current, or during pulsating current after half-wave rectification, just can produce the exciting force of mechanical periodicity, this vibrator normally armature is directly fixed on need vibration service part on.
The pickup of the mechanical oscillation signal of object realizes convenient measurement with being converted of mechanical energy-electric energy usually, and this class energy converter is called vibration transducer.The form of common vibration transducer has following several.
(1) electric vortex type, adopt eddy effect to be the Vibratory transducer of principle of work, it belongs to non-contacting sensor.
(2) inductance type, according to a kind of vibration transducer of electromagnetic induction principle design.Induction type vibration sensor is provided with magnet and mechanical vibration parameter is converted into electric parameter signal by magnetic conductor, can be applicable to vibration velocity, the isoparametric measurement of acceleration.
(3) condenser type, obtain variable capacitance by the change of gap or public area, then measure electric capacity and then obtain mechanical vibration parameter.
(4) piezoelectric type, utilizes the piezoelectric effect of crystal to complete vibration survey, and after the vibration of testee is to piezoelectric vibration pickup mineralization pressure, crystal element will produce corresponding electric charge, charge number can be scaled vibration parameters.
(5) resistance-strain type vibration, expresses a kind of vibration transducer of testee mechanical vibration amount with resistance change.
In prior art, vibrator and vibration transducer are separately, can not be accurate in the fixation means of the long services such as bridge, railway, steel tower, support, obtain the structural failure information of detected parts timely.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, for the problems referred to above, propose a kind of piezoelectric vibration sensors, with the advantage realized accurately, Real-time Obtaining is detected the structural failure information such as wearing and tearing, fracture of parts.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of piezoelectric vibration sensors, comprise sensor housing, excitation power source, vibrator cavity, exciting steel hammer, vibrating sensing cavity, PVDF piezoelectric sensor film and control circuit, described vibrator cavity and vibrating sensing cavity are all arranged in sensor housing, described excitation power source and exciting steel hammer are arranged in vibrator cavity, described exciting steel hammer is connected with excitation power source, described control circuit is arranged on the top of vibrating sensing cavity, described PVDF piezoelectric sensor film is arranged on the bottom of vibrating sensing cavity, described excitation power source is electrically connected with control circuit, described PVDF piezoelectric sensor film is electrically connected with control circuit.
Optimize, described excitation power source is miniature exciting motor or electromagnet.
Optimize, described PVDF piezoelectric sensor film, adopt Kynoar PVDF polymer piezoelectric membraneous material to make, PVDF piezoelectric sensor film upper and lower surface adopts conductor material to do electrode.
Optimize, described conductor material is silver, copper or gold.
Optimize, described sensor housing adopts steel, aluminum alloy material or plastic cement material to make.
Optimize, described plastic cement material comprises, ABS, PP, PC or PE.
Optimize, described PVDF piezoelectric sensor film is fixed on the bottom rectangle frame of sensing cavity by UV glue.
Optimize, miniature exciting motor adopts anti-loose fastening bolt to be fixed in vibrator cavity.
Optimize, described control circuit controls the speed of actions of excitation power source, action time and number of taps, and the vibration measurement of control PVDF piezoelectric sensor film.
Technical scheme of the present invention has following beneficial effect:
Technical scheme of the present invention, vibrator and vibration transducer are designed to integrative-structure, detected parts are made to produce vibration by the inner vibrator of vibration transducer, the vibration signal of the detected parts of vibrating sensing probe pickup, by obtaining the structural failure information such as wearing and tearing, fracture of detected parts to the analysis of pickoff signals.
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the piezoelectric vibration sensors described in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that piezoelectric vibration sensors adopts the signal waveforms being bolted to steel tower installation and obtaining;
Fig. 3 is that piezoelectric vibration sensors adopts the signal spectrum figure being bolted to steel tower installation and obtaining.
By reference to the accompanying drawings, in the embodiment of the present invention, Reference numeral is as follows:
100-sensor housing; 101-vibrator cavity; The miniature exciting motor of 102-; 103-exciting steel hammer; 201-vibrating sensing cavity; 202-PVDF piezoelectric sensor film; 203-control circuit; 204-output interface.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described, should be appreciated that preferred embodiment described herein is only for instruction and explanation of the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of piezoelectric vibration sensors, comprise sensor housing 100, excitation power source, vibrator cavity 101, exciting steel hammer 103, vibrating sensing cavity 201, PVDF piezoelectric sensor film 202 and control circuit 203, vibrator cavity 101 and vibrating sensing cavity 201 are all arranged in sensor housing 100, excitation power source and exciting steel hammer 103 are arranged in vibrator cavity 101, exciting steel hammer 103 is connected with excitation power source, control circuit 203 is arranged on the top of vibrating sensing cavity 201, PVDF piezoelectric sensor film 202 is arranged on the bottom of vibrating sensing cavity 201, excitation power source is electrically connected with control circuit 203, PVDF piezoelectric sensor film 202 is electrically connected with control circuit 203.Excitation power source is miniature exciting motor 102 in FIG.Excitation power source also can adopt electromagnet to replace miniature exciting motor.
Piezoelectric vibration sensors in the technical program, the inefficacy that the closed-loop system detection architecture part adopting vibrator, vibrating sensing probe and control system to form causes due to wearing and tearing, fracture etc.Vibrator produces mechanical vibration to detected structural member excitation, and the vibrational feedback signal of vibrating sensing probe pick-up structure part, transfers to host computer analysis through control system data processing and obtain detected structural member failure state result.
Excitation power source, vibrator cavity and exciting steel hammer composition vibrator, vibrating sensing cavity and PVDF piezoelectric sensor film composition vibrating sensing probe, control system comprises control circuit and output interface.
The miniaturization of vibration transducer needs to design miniature vibrator, and the vibration signal of vibrator passes to energized object (monitoring component), the monitoring of the vibration signal having vibrating sensing to pop one's head in pickup part.Therefore, the present invention adopts single-point percussive vibrator, and knock detected structural member instantaneously and obtain excited vibrational, the energy knocked is determined according to the quality of structural member:
P joule (j)=× W kilogram (kg), be quality coefficient in formula, the technical program is 1/50; P is the energy of excitation, and unit is joule (j); W is structural member quality, and unit is kilogram (kg).
Single-point percussive vibrator adopts the driving of miniature exciting motor (or electromagnet) to knock exciting steel hammer, and steel hammer center of effort directly acts on structural member surface, and action time is less than 0.1S.
Vibrator adopts long-acting battery to power or the active power supply of adapter.
The plane vibration probe that the feedback vibration signal of detected structural member adopts PVDF piezoelectric sensor film to make picks up, vibration probe is fitted in detected structural member surface, obtain the vibration signal of structural member, by the dynamic frequency-domain analysis of signal, the failure conditions of time-domain analysis detection architecture part.
The vibrator of the technical program can according to the motor (electromagnet) of the size of detected structural member and quality choice different capacity.Exciting steel hammer can select the material such as plow-steel or high strength plastics.By motor or the detected structural member of solenoid actuated exciting steel hammer excitation.Knock and controlled by control circuit action time, and knock action time according to the object adjustment of different type of detection.Motor and the exciting steel hammer of vibrator are placed in vibrator cavity, and make to ensure in exciting steel hammer course of action mutually not interfere with sensor housing.
The PVDF piezoelectric sensor film of the technical program adopts Kynoar PVDF polymer piezoelectric membraneous material to make, and PVDF thin film upper and lower surface adopts the conductor materials such as silver, copper or gold to do electrode.
The control circuit of the technical program comprises the control circuit of the motor (electromagnet) of vibrator, can control the speed of actions of motor (electromagnet), action time and number of taps; And the vibration measurement of control PVDF piezoelectric sensor film.
Output interface design, on pad, realizes the output of vibration signal by external signal wire.
Sensor housing adopts the plastic cement materials such as steel, aluminum alloy material or ABS, PP, PC, PE to make, and PVDF piezoelectric sensor film is fixed on the bottom rectangle frame of sensing cavity by UV glue.Miniature exciting motor adopts anti-loose fastening bolt to be fixed in vibrator cavity.
The assemble flow of piezoelectric vibration sensors is:
Processed sensor housing, exciting steel hammer, PVDF piezoelectric sensor film, the PCB of control circuit, signaling interface;
Exciting steel hammer is fixed on the movable end (turning axle or dynamic head) of motor (electromagnet), and motor securing member is fixed in sensor vibrator cavity;
Control circuit PCB completion of processing is fixed in the sensor cavity of sensor, complete the lead-in wire of control circuit and vibrator and control circuit and, the lead-in wire of PVDF piezoelectric sensor film;
Will, PVDF piezoelectric sensor film by UV adhesive cures on sensor cavity;
The tap lead of regular sensing coil, and lead-in wire is soldered on the pad of output interface;
Detection signal exports.
Bridge, steel tower, equipment supporter have eigenvibration rule according to its design, once there is the change that destructive damage must cause eigenvibration in structure, and such as resonant frequency shift or the very fast decay of amplitude etc.Analyze its frequency spectrum and can judge that whether the states such as structural member are normal fast.For the steelframe communication steel tower of 40 meters high, each installation runners is due to the difference of tightness of the angle bar girder steel arrangement of installing and fastener bolt, the vibration excited in runners position has respective characteristic signal, therefore in the installation starting stage, each runners installs the initial information that corresponding piezoelectric vibration sensors can obtain each runners.Regular triggering is measured, the vibration characteristic signals of Dynamic Acquisition steel tower, the catastrophic failure such as the bolt evaluating steel tower gets loose, stress relaxation, ground damage.The oscillogram obtained and spectrogram are respectively as shown in Figures 2 and 3.
Last it is noted that the foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, although with reference to previous embodiment to invention has been detailed description, for a person skilled in the art, it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein portion of techniques feature.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a piezoelectric vibration sensors, it is characterized in that, comprise sensor housing, excitation power source, vibrator cavity, exciting steel hammer, vibrating sensing cavity, PVDF piezoelectric sensor film and control circuit, described vibrator cavity and vibrating sensing cavity are all arranged in sensor housing, described excitation power source and exciting steel hammer are arranged in vibrator cavity, described exciting steel hammer is connected with excitation power source, described control circuit is arranged on the top of vibrating sensing cavity, described PVDF piezoelectric sensor film is arranged on the bottom of vibrating sensing cavity, described excitation power source is electrically connected with control circuit, described PVDF piezoelectric sensor film is electrically connected with control circuit.
2. piezoelectric vibration sensors according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described excitation power source is miniature exciting motor or electromagnet.
3. piezoelectric vibration sensors according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described PVDF piezoelectric sensor film, and adopt Kynoar PVDF polymer piezoelectric membraneous material to make, PVDF piezoelectric sensor film upper and lower surface adopts conductor material to do electrode.
4. piezoelectric vibration sensors according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described conductor material is silver, copper or gold.
5. piezoelectric vibration sensors according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described sensor housing adopts steel, aluminum alloy material or plastic cement material to make.
6. piezoelectric vibration sensors according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described plastic cement material comprises, ABS, PP, PC or PE.
7. piezoelectric vibration sensors according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described PVDF piezoelectric sensor film is fixed on the bottom rectangle frame of sensing cavity by UV glue.
8. piezoelectric vibration sensors according to claim 2, is characterized in that, miniature exciting motor adopts anti-loose fastening bolt to be fixed in vibrator cavity.
9. the piezoelectric vibration sensors according to any one of claim 2 to 8, is characterized in that, described control circuit controls the speed of actions of excitation power source, action time and number of taps, and the vibration measurement of control PVDF piezoelectric sensor film.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510717753.9A CN105277617A (en) | 2015-10-30 | 2015-10-30 | Piezoelectric vibration sensor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510717753.9A CN105277617A (en) | 2015-10-30 | 2015-10-30 | Piezoelectric vibration sensor |
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| CN105277617A true CN105277617A (en) | 2016-01-27 |
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| CN201510717753.9A Pending CN105277617A (en) | 2015-10-30 | 2015-10-30 | Piezoelectric vibration sensor |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109141793A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-01-04 | 华南理工大学 | Shallow spherical surface shell vibration detection control device and method |
| CN109489795A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-19 | 晋江万芯晨电子科技有限公司 | A kind of self-energizing vibrating sensor |
| CN110261482A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-09-20 | 招商局重庆公路工程检测中心有限公司 | Roller type collector and acquisition device |
| CN112284515A (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2021-01-29 | 东南水务公司 | Water meter and system |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112284515A (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2021-01-29 | 东南水务公司 | Water meter and system |
| CN112284515B (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2023-02-21 | 东南水务公司 | Water meter and system |
| CN109141793A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-01-04 | 华南理工大学 | Shallow spherical surface shell vibration detection control device and method |
| CN109141793B (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2024-02-06 | 华南理工大学 | Shallow spherical thin shell vibration detection control device and method |
| CN109489795A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-19 | 晋江万芯晨电子科技有限公司 | A kind of self-energizing vibrating sensor |
| CN110261482A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-09-20 | 招商局重庆公路工程检测中心有限公司 | Roller type collector and acquisition device |
| CN110261482B (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2024-02-23 | 招商局重庆公路工程检测中心有限公司 | Roller type collector and collecting device |
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Inventor after: Xi Jiafu Inventor after: Miao Xing Inventor after: Bai Tao Inventor after: Sun Xiaoping Inventor after: Yang Jie Inventor after: Wu Guangping Inventor after: Li Xiaojuan Inventor after: Zhang Peng Inventor after: Gao Shigang Inventor after: Sun Daoming Inventor after: Li Tao Inventor after: Wang Bin Inventor after: He Wei Inventor after: Wang Zhenghong Inventor after: Meng Huan Inventor after: Li Hui Inventor after: Qian Yayong Inventor after: Jiang Mei Inventor after: Li Wei Inventor after: Gao Jian Inventor after: Yang Jingjian Inventor after: Zhao Xuzhou Inventor after: Li Jun Inventor after: Zhang Cuan Inventor before: Xi Jiafu Inventor before: Miao Xing Inventor before: Bai Tao Inventor before: Sun Xiaoping Inventor before: Yang Jie Inventor before: Wu Guangping Inventor before: Li Xiaojuan Inventor before: Zhang Peng Inventor before: Gao Shigang Inventor before: Sun Daoming Inventor before: Li Tao Inventor before: Wang Bin Inventor before: He Wei Inventor before: Wang Zhenghong Inventor before: Meng Huan Inventor before: Li Hui Inventor before: Qian Yayong Inventor before: Jiang Mei Inventor before: Li Wei Inventor before: Gao Jian Inventor before: Yang Jingjian Inventor before: Zhao Xuzhou Inventor before: Li Jun Inventor before: Zhang Cuan |
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