CN105277135A - High sensitivity optical fiber curvature sensing construction having temperature insensitive characteristic - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a high sensitivity optical fiber curvature sensing construction having a temperature insensitive characteristic. A three-core optical fiber is a center sensing element, and three fiber cores of the three-core optical fiber are arranged like an equilateral triangle. Wide spectrum light enters a multi-mode optical fiber 9 through a single-mode fiber 3 and stimulates a plurality of transmission modes. Transmission mode fields become large. And then the wide spectrum light enters the three-core optical fiber 10. The light re-enters the multi-mode optical fiber 9 after the light is independently transmitted in three fiber core modes by a distance L. At this time the light of the three modes is interfered, and optical signals are modified. The light in the single mode keeps on forward propagation in the single-mode fiber 3, and finally is recorded by a spectrum analyzer 2. The variation quantity of the curvature can be calculated through detection of the amount of movement of the interference spectrum. Experiment results show that the optical fiber sensing construction can be used for measuring a bending curvature, a good linear characteristic is obtained, and the measurement sensitivity within a curvature range of 2.79 m<-1>-3.24 m<-1> can reach -28.29nm/m<-1>.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high sensitivity optical fiber curvature sensing structure with temperature-insensitive characteristic, belong to fiber optic sensor technology field.
Background technology
In many fields such as industry, manufacturing industry and building industry, as mechanical arm, building structure health monitoring, bridge construction, mechanical component processing, MEMS (micro electro mechanical system) etc., curvature is a very important parameter.But owing to being difficult in practice be directly measured, but indirectly extrapolate curvature information, so make the direct measurement of curvature become a difficult problem by information such as the strains of structure.There is multiple method can obtain the Bending Deformation size of structure traditionally, but be mostly subject to the restriction of certain condition, cannot recover after such as deformation, not be suitable for flush type measurement etc.Therefore, it is little that Curvature Optical Fiber Sensor has volume with it, and quality is light, and the flexible and advantage being applicable to flush type distribution measuring is arisen at the historic moment.At present for the Fibre Optical Sensor of curvature measurement, the wavelength shift detection technique of general employing fiber grating, long period fiber grating, change Curvature varying being converted into strain is measured, these method system are complicated, involve great expense, impact by external environment (as temperature etc.) is comparatively large, there will be the problem of cross sensitivity.
In recent years, intermode interference optical fiber sensing technology as a kind of novel optical fiber sensing technology owing to having high sensitivity, production process is simple, the advantage that cost is low and more and more obtain the extensive concern of Chinese scholars, and the method utilizing the principle of intermode interference to measure curvature is developed rapidly.2011, the people such as YuanGong propose the intermode interference optical fibre sensor structure of single-mode fiber-multimode optical fiber-single-mode fiber structure to be attached to curvature (the document 1.Y.Gong flexible metal beam being measured crossbeam, T.Zhao, Y.J.Rao, andY.Wu. " All-fibercurvaturesensorbasedonmultimodeinterference. " IEEEPhotonicsTechnologyLetters, 2011,23 (11): 679-68.).The same year, Portuguese SusanaSilva proposes a kind of temperature and insensitive intermode interference Curvature Optical Fiber Sensor (the document 2.S.Silva of strain, O.Frazao, J.Viegas, L.A.Ferreira, F.M.Araujo, F.XavierMalcata, andJ.L.Santos. " Temperatureandstrain-independentcurvaturesensorbasedonas inglemode/multimodefiberopticstructure. " MeasurementScience & Technology, 2011, 22 (8): 85201-85206.), the impact of Temperature cross-over sensitivity is eliminated by detect in transmission spectrum two obvious troughs simultaneously.In measurement curvature, being applied in Curvature Optical Fiber Sensor of multi-core fiber occupies a tiny space.Curvature information can be obtained by the change detecting the interferometric phase in multi-core fiber between multiple core.Comparatively early the multi-core fiber interferometer in period is phase modulation-type, the people such as the M.J.Gander of such as Univ Heriot Watt of Britain build four-core fiber Reflective spatial light path system, light is coupled into four-core fiber after object lens focus on, emergent light hot spot is beaten at far field place, formed and interfere hot spot, change fibre-optical bending angle and with the change of ccd array record hot spot, change (the document 3.M.J.Gander of interferometric phase can be extracted after signal transacting, D.Macrae, E.A.C.Galliot, R.McBride, J.D.C.Jones, P.M.Blanchard, J.G.Burnett, A.H.Greenaway, andM.N.Inci. " Two-axisbendmeasurementusingmulticoreopticalfibre. " OpticsCommunications, 2000, 182 (1-3): 115 – 121.).But space optical path is bulky, be subject to external interference, demodulating system is too complicated.Along with the development of demodulation techniques, Wavelength demodulation has abandoned complicated CCD demodulating system, and multi-core fiber Wavelength demodulation interferometer becomes a kind of novel sensing arrangement being more suitable for sensing.ChunyingGuan proposes a kind of strain based on five core fibres and curvature sensor (document 4.C.Guan in one section of article delivering for 2015, X.Zhong, G.Mao, T.Yuan, J.Yang, andL.Yuan. " In-lineMach – Zehnderinterferometricsensorbasedonalinearfive-corefiber. " IEEEPhotonicsTechnologyLetters, 2015,27 (6): 635-638.), five fibre core yi word pattern arrangements form non-centrosymmetric structure, and curvature sensitivity can reach 10.37nm/m
-1.Although this method has used coreless fiber, each fibre core energy distribution is uneven, and edge core mode energy is faint, well can not be applied to sensing, obtains high sensitivity.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical matters that will solve
The object of the invention is to the deficiency overcoming the easy temperature influence of existing Curvature Optical Fiber Sensor, propose a kind of structure simple, be easy to prepare and the intermode interference curvature sensing structure of high-sensitivity measurement can be realized.
(2) technical scheme
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention proposes a kind of high sensitivity optical fiber curvature sensing structure with temperature-insensitive characteristic, have studied curvature and the temperature characterisitic of this novel optical fiber curvature sensing structure.This structure is sensitive element centered by three core fibres, and between the single-mode fiber at two ends and three core fibres, welding two sections of multimode optical fibers are as bridge, to obtain high-quality interference spectrum, suppress the interference of cladding mode simultaneously.In experiment, wide spectrum light source 1 sends wide spectrum optical, and wide spectrum optical enters to inject multimode-tri-core-multimode optical fiber structure 5 via single mode wire jumper 3, and light signal is modulated afterwards, and interfere between three core fibre inner core dies, the interference spectrum of generation is detected by spectroanalysis instrument 2.Unit is fed as optical fiber curvature with two three-D displacements adjustment platforms 7, a pair clamper 4 is by fiber gripper, make optical fiber parallel with experiment table 8 and feed direction with horizontal shift to be consistent by the micrometer caliper 6 adjusting three directions, when adjustment of displacement platform produces displacement in the horizontal direction, optical fiber bends thereupon, curature variation.This structure is positioned in constant temperature oven and can changes its temperature.Undertaken measuring confirm that this structure has the temperature-responsive of muting sensitivity by building this experimental provision, highly sensitive curvature response and high-quality interference spectrum.
In such scheme, three described core fibre intermode interference curvature sensing structures can be completed by optical fiber cutting knife and optical fiber splicer.Single-mode fiber and multimode optical fiber end face are completed by automatic welding function after cutting and putting down, and multimode optical fiber and three core fibre end faces are completed by manual weld function after cutting and putting down, and splicing parameter is: strength of discharge 100; Discharge time 3000ms; Z-direction advance distance 15 μm; Distance 0 μm is return in direction.
In such scheme, three described core fibre intermode interference curvature sensing structures, multimode optical fiber and three core fibre length are respectively 2mm and 12cm, multimode optical fiber adopts centreless multimode optical fiber, diameter 125 μm, three core fibre outer cladding diameter are 125 μm that match with it, and three fibre cores are fiber core with single-mold, and mode field diameter is 10.34 μm.
In such scheme, in three described core fibre intermode interference curvature sensing structures, three fibre cores of three core fibres are in triangular arranged centered by the covering center of circle, and the distance of center circle between fibre core is greater than 20 μm.
In such scheme, in three described core fibre intermode interference curvature sensing structures, three fibre cores of three core fibres have certain refringence and their thermo-optical coeffecient is very close.
In such scheme, described experimental provision is by the amplified spontaneous emission (AmplifiedSpontaneousEmission of wavelength coverage at 1525nm ~ 1565nm, ASE) light source 1, to be the spectroanalysis instrument 2 of 0.02nm and a pair precision be wavelength discrimination that the three-D displacement adjustment platform 7 of 10 μm forms.
In such scheme, described experimental provision changes its curvature indirectly by the chord length changing optical fiber arc, and its geometric relationship can be selected approximate formula to describe, and x is the push-in stroke of micrometer caliper, L
0for original chord length.
(3) beneficial effect
As can be seen from technique scheme, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1) utilize the principle of three core fibre intermode interferences to measure curvature and have higher sensitivity than other optical fiber curvature sensing technologies, cheaper cost, simpler manufacturing process, and compact conformation, parameter is various, is more suitable for practical application.
2) this structure utilizing the principle of three core fibre intermode interferences to measure curvature provided by the invention, by introduce between three core fibres and single-mode fiber multimode optical fiber make more light enter three core fibres fibre core but not in covering, inhibit the interference interfered between cladding mode its curvature characteristic and temperature characterisitic, ensure that the temperature-insensitive characteristic of this structure and the linearity of curvature response.
3) this structure utilizing the principle of three core fibre intermode interferences to measure curvature provided by the invention, by introducing multimode optical fiber between three core fibres and single-mode fiber, the intetference-fit strengthening of transmission spectrum is significantly improved, 14dB is brought up to from about 3dB, the halfwidth of trough obviously narrows, and is more conducive to the monitoring to trough amount of movement.
4) this principle utilizing three core fibre intermode interferences provided by the invention measures the structure of curvature, because its many fibre core is independent and thermo-optical coeffecient is close and have the characteristic of temperature-insensitive, effectively avoids the interference that temperature variation is brought.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The parameter of the intermode interference optical fiber curvature sensing arrangement that following figure gets is all identical with embodiment.
Fig. 1 is the intermode interference curvature sensing structural representation based on three core fibres;
Fig. 2 is not for introducing single-mode fiber-three core fibres-single-mode fiber structure of multimode optical fiber and constructive interference spectrum comparison diagram shown in the Fig. 1 introduced after multimode optical fiber;
Fig. 3 is the curvature measurement device schematic diagram of three core fibre intermode interference structures;
Fig. 4 is the sensitivity matched curve of three core fibre intermode interference structure measurement curvature;
Fig. 5 is that three core fibre intermode interference structures are to the sensitivity matched curve of temperature characterisitic.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and with reference to accompanying drawing, concrete structure of the present invention, principle and structure optimization process are described in further detail.
The present invention proposes a kind of high sensitivity optical fiber curvature sensing structure with temperature-insensitive characteristic, as shown in Figure 1, sensitive element centered by three core fibres, three fibre cores of three core fibres are triangular arranged, and fiber core radius is
r, fiber core distance from for
d.Wide spectrum optical enters multimode optical fiber 9 through single-mode fiber 3, inspires multiple transmission mode, and transmission mode field becomes large, enters three core fibres, 10, three fibre core pattern individual transmission distances subsequently
lafter reenter multimode optical fiber 9, now the light of three patterns interferes, and light signal is modulated, then in single-mode fiber 3, continues forward direction with single mode form, interference spectrum finally by spectrometer record,
λthe optical wavelength of free space,
i nwith
i mrepresent the energy intensity of different fibre core pattern, represent that the effective refractive index between any two patterns is poor, the length of three core fibres is
l.When optical fiber experience stress and with certain curvature bending time, due to the photoelastic effect that quartz material is intrinsic, the refractive index of optical fiber changes in cross-sectional direction, and the refractive index of curved interior reduces outside and then raises, and therefore changes, causes the movement of spectrum.
The multimode optical fiber of one section shorter is added as the bridge be connected between single-mode fiber with multimode optical fiber, object utilizes the feature of its large mould field to inspire multiple pattern onwards transmission simultaneously, the pattern mode field area that exponent number is higher is larger, light is full of whole 125 μm of multimode optical fiber fibre cores and is no longer bound in the single-mode fiber fibre core of 9 μm, therefore has more light can be coupled directly into the fibre core of three core fibres.Meanwhile, length is shorter can ensure that light produces phase differential hardly in multimode optical fiber.Make two kinds of structures not introducing and introduce multimode optical fiber in experiment and contrasted its transmission spectrum as shown in Figure 2.Can find out, make three cores have more multi-energy owing to introducing multimode optical fiber, transmission spectrum fringe contrast is higher, and trough bandwidth obviously narrows, and has more uniform free space spectrum width, is more convenient for monitoring trough.In addition, the light entering three core fibre fibre cores increases the luminous energy minimizing meaning and enter in covering, and the interference of cladding mode to interference spectrum is effectively suppressed.
Fig. 3 is the curvature measurement device schematic diagram of three core fibre intermode interference structures.Wavelength coverage is that the wide spectrum light source 1 of 1525nm ~ 1565nm sends wide spectrum optical, wide spectrum optical enters to inject multimode-tri-core-multimode optical fiber 5 via single mode wire jumper 3, and light signal is modulated afterwards, interfere between three core fibre inner core dies, the interference spectrum of generation is detected by spectroanalysis instrument 2.Unit is fed as optical fiber curvature with two three-D displacements adjustment platforms 7, a pair clamper 4 is by fiber gripper, make optical fiber parallel with experiment table 8 and feed direction with horizontal shift to be consistent by the micrometer caliper 6 adjusting three directions, when adjustment of displacement platform produces displacement in the horizontal direction, optical fiber bends thereupon, curature variation.The horizontal direction micrometer caliper of three-dimensional adjustment platform feeds with the direction of the interval of 20 μm to optical fiber, often feed once with the change of spectrometer record interference spectrum, draw the response curve of curature variation time spectral shift momentum after displacement being converted into curvature as shown in Figure 4.By the known survey frequency scope of the fitting a straight line slope provided in Fig. 4 at 2.79m
-1~ 3.24m
-1time curvature sensitivity be-28.29nm/m
-1, linear regression value is 0.9956.This highly sensitive curvature sensitivity number provided in document 1,2 and 4.
Experiment is studied the temperature characterisitic of this three core fibres intermode interference curvature sensing structure.This structure is placed in constant temperature oven, regulates temperature to be changed to 75 DEG C from 30 DEG C, often change the change of 3 DEG C of record interference spectrums, draw the curve as Fig. 5.Due to the restriction (0.02nm) of Laboratory Spectra instrument wavelength discrimination, 3 DEG C of changes caused can not be resolved out.The temperature control only 0.0022nm/ DEG C of this three core fibres intermode interference curvature sensing structure known after matching is carried out to experimental data, curvature to the cross sensitivity sensitivity of temperature lower than 10
-4m
-1/ DEG C, therefore can think that this structure has temperature-insensitive characteristic, curvature measurement is not by the interference of temperature variation.
Claims (2)
1. one kind has the high sensitivity optical fiber curvature sensing structure of temperature-insensitive characteristic, it is characterized in that: this optical fiber bending sensing arrangement sensitive element centered by three core fibres, based on three core fibre intermode interference principles, utilize the refractive index of three independent fibre cores to change this feature because of the elasto-optical effect caused time bending and realize highly sensitive curvature measurement.
2. a kind of optical fiber curvature sensing arrangement that can realize high-sensitivity measurement as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the middle of general single mode Transmission Fibers and three core fibres welding one segment length be the centreless multimode optical fiber of 2mm diameter 125 μm as bridge, significantly improve the coupling efficiency that basic mode is coupled to three cores.
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105928469A (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2016-09-07 | 华中科技大学 | High-sensitivity fiber curvature sensor capable of discriminating bending direction and free of cross temperature sensitivity |
| CN108692668A (en) * | 2017-04-07 | 2018-10-23 | 武汉理工大学 | 3D shape detecting system based on optical fiber grating sensing and method |
| CN109297519A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-02-01 | 中国计量大学 | A kind of temperature and strain based on cascade optical fiber and interior micro-cavity structure detection system simultaneously |
| CN109839074A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2019-06-04 | 桂林电子科技大学 | A kind of white light interference formula fiber integrates universal bending sensor |
| CN109974814A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-07-05 | 重庆理工大学 | Michelson liquid level sensor and measurement method are responded based on multiple-mode interfence low temperature |
| CN110470240A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-11-19 | 天津大学 | A kind of optical fiber curvature measurement sensor and preparation method thereof, measuring system |
| CN110786857A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-02-14 | 天津大学 | Wearable optical fiber breathing tidal volume detection device |
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| CN112393750A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2021-02-23 | 聊城大学 | Optical parameter sensing and modulating system |
| CN113375592A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-09-10 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Bending measurement device based on optical fiber mode dispersion |
| CN113446962A (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2021-09-28 | 西南交通大学 | Temperature-insensitive curvature sensor based on strong-coupling multi-core fiber, curvature measuring device and method |
| CN113790678A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2021-12-14 | 广东工业大学 | Multi-core optical fiber vector bending sensor with optical vernier effect |
| CN114562953A (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2022-05-31 | 北京邮电大学 | Bending measurement structure, experimental instrument and sensor of asymmetric double-core optical fiber |
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| CN105928469B (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2019-01-04 | 华中科技大学 | It is a kind of it is highly sensitive differentiate bending direction without the sensitive Curvature Optical Fiber Sensor of Temperature cross-over |
| CN105928469A (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2016-09-07 | 华中科技大学 | High-sensitivity fiber curvature sensor capable of discriminating bending direction and free of cross temperature sensitivity |
| CN108692668A (en) * | 2017-04-07 | 2018-10-23 | 武汉理工大学 | 3D shape detecting system based on optical fiber grating sensing and method |
| CN109839074A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2019-06-04 | 桂林电子科技大学 | A kind of white light interference formula fiber integrates universal bending sensor |
| CN109297519A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-02-01 | 中国计量大学 | A kind of temperature and strain based on cascade optical fiber and interior micro-cavity structure detection system simultaneously |
| CN109974814A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-07-05 | 重庆理工大学 | Michelson liquid level sensor and measurement method are responded based on multiple-mode interfence low temperature |
| CN110470240A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-11-19 | 天津大学 | A kind of optical fiber curvature measurement sensor and preparation method thereof, measuring system |
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| CN112393750A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2021-02-23 | 聊城大学 | Optical parameter sensing and modulating system |
| CN110786857A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-02-14 | 天津大学 | Wearable optical fiber breathing tidal volume detection device |
| CN110967048A (en) * | 2019-12-28 | 2020-04-07 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Orthogonal inclined three-core fiber grating parallel integrated Mach-Zehnder interferometer |
| CN113375592A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-09-10 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Bending measurement device based on optical fiber mode dispersion |
| CN113446962A (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2021-09-28 | 西南交通大学 | Temperature-insensitive curvature sensor based on strong-coupling multi-core fiber, curvature measuring device and method |
| CN113446962B (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2022-12-06 | 西南交通大学 | Temperature-insensitive curvature sensor based on strong-coupling multi-core fiber, curvature measuring device and method |
| CN113790678A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2021-12-14 | 广东工业大学 | Multi-core optical fiber vector bending sensor with optical vernier effect |
| CN114562953A (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2022-05-31 | 北京邮电大学 | Bending measurement structure, experimental instrument and sensor of asymmetric double-core optical fiber |
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