CN105276962A - Coal drying device, coal drying system and coal drying method - Google Patents
Coal drying device, coal drying system and coal drying method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105276962A CN105276962A CN201510802117.6A CN201510802117A CN105276962A CN 105276962 A CN105276962 A CN 105276962A CN 201510802117 A CN201510802117 A CN 201510802117A CN 105276962 A CN105276962 A CN 105276962A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a coal drying device, a coal drying system and a coal drying method. The coal drying device is characterized by comprising a furnace, a coal inlet is formed in the top of the furnace, a coal outlet is formed in the bottom of the furnace, a gas-solid separation area, a fluidized bed mixing drying area and an indirect drying area are arranged in the furnace from top to bottom in sequence, two heat exchangers are arranged in the fluidized bed mixing drying area and the indirect drying area respectively, a gas distributor is arranged between the two heat exchangers, and a gas-solid separator is arranged in the gas-solid separation area. The coal drying system comprises the coal drying device, a dust removing device, a circulation draught fan and a circulation steam evaporator, all of which are connected through a pipeline. According to the coal drying method, the direct drying manner and the indirect drying manner can be combined under the oxygen-free environment, the drying effect is good, and forming of coal slime can be prevented.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of drying device and drying means, particularly about a kind of coal drying device and drying means.
Background technology
Coal in China consumption figure rises year by year, causes coal resources constantly to reduce.China's lignite resource enriches, but brown moisture in coal is high, high being difficult to of ash content is used directly.Therefore, the exploitation of brown coal upgrading technology is with a wide range of applications.Reduce water content in brown coal and effectively can improve the service efficiency of brown coal in fields such as generating, gasification, liquefaction, coking.Dry technology for coal drying mainly contains direct-heating type and the large class of indirect heating type two.
Current domestic Coal Drying Technology industrialization is still in the starting stage, and the development of various coal drying technology is ripe not enough, and the coal drying project that great majority have run all belongs to demonstrative project, can't accomplish that long period safely and steadily runs.Dehydrate in technology application process at brown coal and expose series of problems, although wherein the dry technical matters of direct-heating type is simpler, but need the strict oxygen content controlled in heat smoke, otherwise there is explosion danger, and larger for the intractability of product and waste gas.Adopt the traditional handicraft of indirect heating type to there is complex process, device processes amount is less, and drying system such as easily to block at the problem.In addition, traditional drying and dehydrating technology generally also also exists that energy consumption is high, exhaust emissions amount is large, easily airborne dust, feature of environmental protection difference and equipment are difficult to the problems such as maximization.
CN200910015753.9B discloses a kind of superheated steam brown coal pre-drying device and technique thereof, can utilize steam-heated built-in heat exchanger and utilize steam to provide power and heat exchange for fluid bed.Avoid drying equipment explosive, technics comparing is simple, reduces energy consumption problem, reduces the problem of feature of environmental protection difference.But come with some shortcomings in this technique, in charging, this device easily cause the fine particle time of staying comparatively short-range missile cause dry not exclusively, directly enter cyclone separator with gas, cause cyclone separator to block.In addition, if external cyclone water-separator does not take heating measures, will cause entering the water vapour Yin Wendu carrying coal dust secretly in cyclone separator too low and form coal slime, blocking cyclone separator etc.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the object of this invention is to provide a drying effect good and can prevent from forming the coal drying device of coal slime, drying system and drying means.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme: a kind of coal drying device, it is characterized in that: it comprises a body of heater, at the top of described body of heater, one coal feed point is set, in the bottom of described body of heater, one coal outlet is set, a gas solid separation district is set gradually from top to bottom in the inside of described body of heater, fluid bed combination drying district and a contact drying district, in described fluid bed combination drying district and described contact drying district, a heat exchanger is set respectively, described in two, a gas distributor is being set between heat exchanger, in described gas solid separation district, a gas-solid separator is set.
Described gas-solid separator is cyclone separator, the entrance of described gas-solid separator is arranged on the top of described coal feed point lower port, the lower port of described coal feed point is arranged to horn-like, arrange a gas outlet on the top of described gas-solid separator, the bottom of described gas-solid separator is stretched out from the side in described gas solid separation district and is provided with a fine coal outlet.
Described in two, heat exchanger is tubular heat exchanger, and the tubulation quantity being positioned at the described heat exchanger in described fluid bed combination drying district is greater than the tubulation quantity of the described heat exchanger being positioned at described contact drying district.
Described gas distributor comprises the ring pipe that two or more is arranged concentric, and each described ring pipe supports fixing by the air inlet pipe that two square crossings are arranged, each described ring pipe is arranged at equal intervals; Described in each, the bottom of ring pipe is evenly arranged multiple pore, and the angle α of the projection of described air vent channel on described ring pipe cross section and vertical direction is 10 ~ 85 degree; The angle β of air vent channel described in each and horizontal direction is 30 ~ 90 degree.
The angle α of the projection of described air vent channel on described ring pipe cross section and vertical direction is 30 ~ 70 degree.
A kind of coal drying system, is characterized in that: it comprises coal drying device described in, a dust arrester, a circulating fan and a cyclic steam heat exchanger; The entrance of two heat exchangers in described coal drying device all connects a vapours source jointly by a pipeline, and outlet all connects a condensate system jointly by a pipeline; The gas outlet of described gas-solid separator connects the entrance of described dust arrester by a pipeline, the outlet of described dust arrester connects described circulating fan by a pipeline, first outlet of described circulating fan is communicated with air by a pipeline, second outlet connects the entrance of described cyclic steam heat exchanger by a pipeline, the outlet of described cyclic steam heat exchanger connects the entrance of described gas distributor by a pipeline, the entrance of described gas distributor connects a hot nitrogen source by a hot nitrogen source capsule line.
Described dust arrester is bag-type dust collector or electric dust collector.
Pipeline between described gas-solid separator and described dust arrester and be provided with another pipeline between the pipeline between described cyclic steam heat exchanger and described gas distributor.
A kind of coal drying method, it comprises the following steps: 1) open hot nitrogen source, hot nitrogen is delivered to coal drying device through gas distributor, the air in coal drying system is discharged, and forms oxygen-free environment; 2) feed coal is delivered to coal drying device inside from coal feed point is controlled, vapours enters two heat exchangers as indirect heat exchange medium through pipeline, indirect heat exchange is carried out with feed coal, the liquid phase water produced after heat exchange is delivered to condensate system via the outlet of two heat exchangers, and the water vapour of feed coal drying release carries the thinner coal dust of particle and enters gas solid separation district; 3) under the effect of gas-solid separator, water vapour is separated with coal dust, isolated water vapour is delivered to dust arrester, water vapour after purification is sent into circulating fan, circulating fan is by emptying for a part of steam, another part water vapour is delivered to cyclic steam heat exchanger simultaneously, after heat exchange heats up, is delivered to gas distributor; 4) cyclic steam that the vapours being arranged in the heat exchanger in fluid bed combination drying district flows out as indirect heat exchange medium and gas distributor carries out drying to feed coal jointly as direct heat transfer medium, the vapours being arranged in the heat exchanger in contact drying district carries out further drying with indirect heat exchange medium to feed coal, and the water vapour of feed coal drying release carries the thinner coal dust of particle and continues to enter gas solid separation district; 5) after the degree of drying that feed coal reaches predetermined, discharge from coal outlet.
In step 1) in use hot nitrogen temperature be more than 120 DEG C.
The present invention is owing to taking above technical scheme, it has the following advantages: 1, the present invention sets gradually a gas solid separation district, fluid bed combination drying district and a contact drying district from top to bottom in the inside of body of heater, water vapour can be realized and feed coal carries out direct heat transfer and indirect heat exchange, feed coal is made to obtain efficient drying, realize water vapour to be separated with the coal dust carried secretly before discharge coal drying device, improve the operational efficiency of coal drying device, realize energy-conservation object.2, the present invention is provided with a gas-solid separator in gas solid separation district, effectively can utilize the heat in coal drying device, ensure that water vapour and coal dust condensation vapor do not occur in gas-solid separator, thus prevent the formation of coal slime, make the coal dust in gas-solid separator obtain abundant drying simultaneously.3, the present invention arranges a heat exchanger respectively in fluid bed combination drying district and contact drying district, one gas distributor is set between two heat exchangers, water vapour can be made evenly upwards to be sent in fluid bed combination drying district by gas distributor, realize water vapour fully to contact with feed coal and carry out heat exchange, also make coal drying device be in barotropic state for the discharge of feed coal in indirect heat exchange district simultaneously and power is provided.4, the present invention is positioned at the heat exchanger in contact drying district, further drying can be carried out to feed coal, and feed coal can set up the bed of material of certain altitude in contact drying district, the time of staying of feed coal in coal drying device is regulated by regulating the height of the bed of material, guarantee reaches dry requirement, can prevent cyclic steam from scurrying out from coal outlet simultaneously.5, the present invention connects a hot nitrogen source at the entrance of gas distributor by a hot nitrogen source capsule line, coal drying system can be realized run under oxygen-free environment, avoid coal drying system not reach nominal situation and produce condensation vapor, both made when coal drying system breaks down or stop, and passed into nitrogen and can realize coal drying system not condensation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of coal drying device of the present invention
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of gas distributor of the present invention
Fig. 3 is the cross sectional representation of Fig. 2 annular tube
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of Fig. 2 annular tube air vent channel and horizontal direction angle
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of coal drying system of the present invention
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention proposes a kind of coal drying device, it comprises a body of heater 1, arranges a coal feed point 2 at the top of body of heater 1, arranges a coal outlet 3 in the bottom of body of heater 1.A gas solid separation district 4, fluid bed combination drying district 5 and a contact drying district 6 is set gradually from top to bottom in the inside of body of heater 1.One heat exchanger 7 is set respectively in fluid bed combination drying district 5 and contact drying district 6, a gas distributor 8 is set between two heat exchangers 7.One gas-solid separator 9 is set in gas solid separation district 4, for being separated with water vapour by the coal dust be mixed in water vapour.
In above-described embodiment, gas-solid separator 9 can be cyclone separator.The entrance 91 of gas-solid separator 9 is arranged on the top of coal feed point 2 lower port, the coal dust granule entered in body of heater 1 from coal feed point 2 can be avoided to be brought into gas-solid separator 9 by the water vapour moved upward, the lower port of coal feed point 2 is arranged to horn-like, the coal dust granule entered in body of heater 1 from coal feed point 2 can be avoided further to be brought into gas-solid separator 9 by the water vapour moved upward, thus ensure that coal dust granule stops time enough in body of heater 1, reach drying effect.Arrange a gas outlet 92 on the top of gas-solid separator 9, gas outlet 92 is stretched out along the top in gas solid separation district 4, and be provided with a fine coal outlet 93 in the bottom of gas-solid separator 9, fine coal outlet 93 is protruding along the side in gas solid separation district 4.
In above-described embodiment, two heat exchangers 7 are tubular heat exchanger.Wherein, the tubulation quantity being positioned at the heat exchanger 7 in fluid bed combination drying district 5 is greater than the tubulation quantity of the heat exchanger 7 being positioned at contact drying district 6, and the heat exchanger 7 pairs of feed coals be beneficial in fluid bed combination drying district 5 carry out abundant drying.
In above-described embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, gas distributor 8 comprises multiple ring pipe 81 in arranged concentric, and each ring pipe 81 supports fixing by the air inlet pipe 82 that two square crossings are arranged, each ring pipe 81 is arranged at equal intervals, and air inlet pipe 82 is for being delivered to cyclic steam in each ring pipe 81.Be evenly arranged multiple pore 83 in the bottom of each ring pipe 81, the bottom that pore 83 is arranged on ring pipe 81 can avoid feed coal to enter gas distributor 8.As shown in Figure 3, the angle α of the projection of pore 83 passage on ring pipe 81 cross section and vertical direction is 10 ~ 85 degree, is preferably 30 ~ 70 degree, can avoid the cyclic steam that blows out from gas distributor 8 pore 83 straight down or horizontal movement.As shown in Figure 4, the angle β of each pore 83 passage and horizontal direction is 30 ~ 90 degree, cyclic steam can be imported in body of heater 1 through gas distributor 8 with cyclone mode, thus improve the heat transfer effect of cyclic steam and pulverized coal particle.When angle β is 90 degree, gas imports in body of heater 1 in the mode of routine, acylic motion effect.
In above-described embodiment, be provided with an air valve 21 on the top of coal feed point 2, for controlling the input of feed coal.Coal outlet 3 is respectively arranged with an air valve (not shown), can prevent cyclic steam from leaking.Discharge 93 is provided with an air valve 94, for controlling the output of coal dust.
As shown in Figure 5, based on above-mentioned coal drying device, the invention allows for a kind of coal drying system, it comprises a coal drying device, dust arrester 10, circulating fan 11 and a cyclic steam heat exchanger 12.The entrance of two heat exchangers 7 in coal drying device all connects a vapours source jointly by a pipeline 13, and outlet all connects a condensate system jointly by a pipeline 13.The gas outlet 92 of gas-solid separator 9 connects the entrance of dust arrester 10 by a pipeline 13, the outlet of dust arrester 10 connects circulating fan 11 by a pipeline 13, first outlet of circulating fan 11 is communicated with air by a pipeline 13, second outlet connects the entrance of cyclic steam heat exchanger 12 by a pipeline 13, the outlet of cyclic steam heat exchanger 12 connects the entrance of gas distributor 8 by a pipeline 13, the entrance of gas distributor 8 connects a hot nitrogen source by a hot nitrogen source capsule line 14.
In above-described embodiment, pipeline 13 between gas-solid separator 9 and dust arrester 10 and be provided with another pipeline 15 between the pipeline between cyclic steam heat exchanger 12 and gas distributor 8 13, can prevent from lowering the temperature the process being delivered to dust arrester 10 condensation from the isolated water vapour of gas-solid separator 9.
In above-described embodiment, dust arrester 10 is bag-type dust collector or electric dust collector.
Based on above-mentioned coal drying system, the invention allows for a kind of drying means of coal, comprise the following steps:
1) open hot nitrogen source, hot nitrogen is delivered to coal drying device through gas distributor 8, and the air in coal drying system is discharged, and forms oxygen-free environment.
2) feed coal is delivered to coal drying device inside from coal feed point 2 is controlled, vapours enters two heat exchangers 7 as indirect heat exchange medium through pipeline 13, indirect heat exchange is carried out with feed coal, the liquid phase water produced after heat exchange is delivered to condensate system via the outlet of two heat exchangers 7, and the water vapour of feed coal drying release carries the thinner coal dust of particle and enters gas solid separation district 4.
3) under the effect of gas-solid separator 9, water vapour is separated with coal dust, isolated water vapour is delivered to dust arrester 10, water vapour after purification is sent into circulating fan 11, circulating fan 11 is by emptying for a part of steam, another part water vapour is delivered to cyclic steam heat exchanger 12 simultaneously, after heat exchange heats up, is delivered to gas distributor 8.
4) cyclic steam that the vapours being arranged in the heat exchanger 7 in fluid bed combination drying district 5 flows out as indirect heat exchange medium and gas distributor 8 carries out drying to feed coal jointly as direct heat transfer medium, the vapours being arranged in the heat exchanger 7 in contact drying district 6 carries out further drying with indirect heat exchange medium to feed coal, and the water vapour of feed coal drying release carries the thinner coal dust of particle and continues to enter gas solid separation district 4.
5) after the degree of drying that feed coal reaches predetermined, discharge from coal outlet 3.
In above-described embodiment, in step 1) in use hot nitrogen temperature be more than 120 DEG C.
In above-described embodiment, in step 2) water content of Raw coal is generally 20 ~ 50%, and raw coal size is generally less than 10 millimeters, is preferably less than 6 millimeters, coal drying device pressure is 5 ~ 10 kPas, and the temperature controlled in whole coal drying device is higher than 110 degrees Celsius.Can by the water circulation of condensate system to boiler.The inlet temperature of two heat exchangers 7 is all more than 158 degrees Celsius.
In above-described embodiment, in step 3) in gas-solid separator 9 gas outlet 92 discharge steam temperature higher than 110 degrees Celsius, processing through dust arrester 10 steam temperature be purified is more than 105 degrees Celsius.The inlet temperature of gas distributor 8 is more than 115 degrees Celsius.
The various embodiments described above are only for illustration of the present invention, and wherein the structure, connected mode etc. of each parts all can change to some extent, and every equivalents of carrying out on the basis of technical solution of the present invention and improvement, all should not get rid of outside protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a coal drying device, it is characterized in that: it comprises a body of heater, at the top of described body of heater, one coal feed point is set, in the bottom of described body of heater, one coal outlet is set, a gas solid separation district, fluid bed combination drying district and a contact drying district is set gradually from top to bottom in the inside of described body of heater, in described fluid bed combination drying district and described contact drying district, a heat exchanger is set respectively, described in two, a gas distributor is being set between heat exchanger, a gas-solid separator is being set in described gas solid separation district.
2. a kind of coal drying device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described gas-solid separator is cyclone separator, the entrance of described gas-solid separator is arranged on the top of described coal feed point lower port, the lower port of described coal feed point is arranged to horn-like, arrange a gas outlet on the top of described gas-solid separator, the bottom of described gas-solid separator is stretched out from the side in described gas solid separation district and is provided with a fine coal outlet.
3. a kind of coal drying device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: described in two, heat exchanger is tubular heat exchanger, the tubulation quantity being positioned at the described heat exchanger in described fluid bed combination drying district is greater than the tubulation quantity of the described heat exchanger being positioned at described contact drying district.
4. a kind of coal drying device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: described gas distributor comprises the ring pipe that two or more is arranged concentric, each described ring pipe supports fixing by the air inlet pipe that two square crossings are arranged, each described ring pipe is arranged at equal intervals; Described in each, the bottom of ring pipe is evenly arranged multiple pore, and the angle α of the projection of described air vent channel on described ring pipe cross section and vertical direction is 10 ~ 85 degree; The angle β of air vent channel described in each and horizontal direction is 30 ~ 90 degree.
5. a kind of coal drying device as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: the angle α of the projection of described air vent channel on described ring pipe cross section and vertical direction is 30 ~ 70 degree.
6. based on a drying system for the coal drying device described in any one of Claims 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: it comprises coal drying device described in, a dust arrester, a circulating fan and a cyclic steam heat exchanger; The entrance of two heat exchangers in described coal drying device all connects a vapours source jointly by a pipeline, and outlet all connects a condensate system jointly by a pipeline; The gas outlet of described gas-solid separator connects the entrance of described dust arrester by a pipeline, the outlet of described dust arrester connects described circulating fan by a pipeline, first outlet of described circulating fan is communicated with air by a pipeline, second outlet connects the entrance of described cyclic steam heat exchanger by a pipeline, the outlet of described cyclic steam heat exchanger connects the entrance of described gas distributor by a pipeline, the entrance of described gas distributor connects a hot nitrogen source by a hot nitrogen source capsule line.
7. a kind of coal drying system as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that: described dust arrester is bag-type dust collector or electric dust collector.
8. a kind of coal drying system as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that: the pipeline between described gas-solid separator and described dust arrester and be provided with another pipeline between the pipeline between described cyclic steam heat exchanger and described gas distributor.
9., based on a drying means for the coal drying system described in claim 6 or 7 or 8, it comprises the following steps:
1) open hot nitrogen source, hot nitrogen is delivered to coal drying device through gas distributor, and the air in coal drying system is discharged, and forms oxygen-free environment;
2) feed coal is delivered to coal drying device inside from coal feed point is controlled, vapours enters two heat exchangers as indirect heat exchange medium through pipeline, indirect heat exchange is carried out with feed coal, the liquid phase water produced after heat exchange is delivered to condensate system via the outlet of two heat exchangers, and the water vapour of feed coal drying release carries the thinner coal dust of particle and enters gas solid separation district;
3) under the effect of gas-solid separator, water vapour is separated with coal dust, isolated water vapour is delivered to dust arrester, water vapour after purification is sent into circulating fan, circulating fan is by emptying for a part of steam, another part water vapour is delivered to cyclic steam heat exchanger simultaneously, after heat exchange heats up, is delivered to gas distributor;
4) cyclic steam that the vapours being arranged in the heat exchanger in fluid bed combination drying district flows out as indirect heat exchange medium and gas distributor carries out drying to feed coal jointly as direct heat transfer medium, the vapours being arranged in the heat exchanger in contact drying district carries out further drying with indirect heat exchange medium to feed coal, and the water vapour of feed coal drying release carries the thinner coal dust of particle and continues to enter gas solid separation district;
5) after the degree of drying that feed coal reaches predetermined, discharge from coal outlet.
10. a kind of coal drying method as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that: in step 1) in use hot nitrogen temperature be more than 120 DEG C.
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| CN201510802117.6A CN105276962B (en) | 2015-11-19 | 2015-11-19 | A kind of coal drying device, drying system and drying means |
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| CN201510802117.6A CN105276962B (en) | 2015-11-19 | 2015-11-19 | A kind of coal drying device, drying system and drying means |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111750625A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2020-10-09 | 湖南三德科技股份有限公司 | Nitrogen-introducing drying method and device for sample drying |
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