CN105276026A - One-way overrunning clutch structure, two-gear variable-speed system and control method - Google Patents
One-way overrunning clutch structure, two-gear variable-speed system and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105276026A CN105276026A CN201510870531.0A CN201510870531A CN105276026A CN 105276026 A CN105276026 A CN 105276026A CN 201510870531 A CN201510870531 A CN 201510870531A CN 105276026 A CN105276026 A CN 105276026A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an one-way overrunning clutch structure, a two-gear variable-speed system and a control method. A clutch comprises a driving disc and a power shaft which are rotationally connection. The driving disc and the power shaft form the one-way clutch through one-way end face teeth of a driving end and one-way end face teeth of a driven end. The driving end is connected to the driving disc, and the driven power is matched with the power shaft through a spline structure. Magnetic steel is arranged at the shaft end of the power shaft. Or, the driven end is connected with a push rod in a synchronous and movable mode, the push rod is matched with the interior of a middle hole of the power shaft in a sliding mode, and the outer end, extending out of the power shaft, of the push rod is provided with magnetic steel. The magnetic steel is used for obtaining rotation speed information of the power shaft or position information and rotation speed information of the driven end through a Hall element. The two-gear variable-speed system comprises a two-way overrunning clutch and the one-way overrunning clutch. The control method is used for controlling the variable-speed system. The one-way overrunning clutch structure, the two-gear variable-speed system and the control method have the advantages that the clutch and the variable-speed system are simple in structure, clutch combination state information and driven shaft rotation speed are convenient to obtain, and the variable-speed control method is simple.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of drive mechanism, particularly a kind of mono-directional overrun clutch structure, two gear speed variator system and controlling methods.
Background technique
Mono-directional overrun clutch, refer to that driving link rotates forward and engage with driven member, reverse the clutch be separated with driven member.Spiral mono-directional overrun clutch utilizes helical spline cooperating structure, moves in the opposite direction and realize clutch combination and the axial motion be separated when forming clockwise and anticlockwise, and the meshing engagement structure that unidirectional end-tooth adopted usually by spiral overrunning clutch forms clutch structure.Due to spiral overrunning clutch there is simple, the easy to process and low cost of manufacture of structure, the advantage of long service life obtained applying more and more widely at present.But existing spiral overrunning clutch structure is when for speed variator system, after end-tooth occlusion, have the defect can not thrown off under torque transmission status, it is subject to larger restriction being applied in automatic speed-changing system.For this reason, need to utilize associated part rotary speed information or position information to carry out speed variator system control.Therefore, need there is mono-directional overrun clutch structure to be further improved existing.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention first object is exactly for the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of mono-directional overrun clutch structure, this structure by arranging a magnet steel and Hall element, to obtain position information or rotary speed information, in order to speed Control.The second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of two gear speed variator systems comprising aforementioned mono-directional overrun clutch structure, and this system utilizes associated part position information or rotary speed information carry out speed Control and form two-gear automatic speed changing.Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of controlling method, and the method utilizes associated part position information or rotary speed information to form the automatic control of two gear speed variator systems.
For realizing the first object, the present invention adopts following technological scheme.
A kind of mono-directional overrun clutch structure, comprise the driving disc and line shaft that form input end and output terminal respectively, driving disc is rotating to be sleeved on line shaft, forms overrunning clutch between driving disc and line shaft by drive end and the intermeshing unidirectional end-tooth of driven end; Drive end is integrally formed or is connected on driving disc, and what driven end can be moved axially by spline structure is engaged on line shaft; The axle head of line shaft is provided with magnet steel, and magnet steel is used for the rotary speed information being obtained line shaft by Hall element; Or driven end is synchronization-movingly be connected with push rod, and this push rod is slidably fitted in the mesopore of line shaft, and is provided with magnet steel in the outer end of stretching out line shaft, magnet steel is used for the position information and the rotary speed information that are obtained driven end by Hall element.
Adopt the present invention of preceding solution, by the magnet steel on driven shaft or push rod, and the Hall element be located on static component, magnetic induction principle is utilized to obtain driven end position information, or the rotary speed information of driven shaft, to utilize this information to carry out speed Control, the clutch state realizing mono-directional overrun clutch controls automatically, and forms controlled mono-directional overrun clutch.Its structure is simple, low cost of manufacture, failure rate is low.
Preferably, described drive end is engaged in driving disc side by spline structure, during to press direction initialization rotation at driving disc, drives drive end to move to desired location towards driven end direction, and is provided with loading spring between drive end and driving disc.To be made the drive end of clutch be in engagement position by loading spring, when driven end moves to engaging position, and driving disc presses direction initialization rotation; When driving disc counterrotating, even if when driven end moves to engaging position, unidirectional end-tooth can not in conjunction with and promote drive end and retreat and compression-loaded spring, thus realize mono-directional overrun clutch object.Its structure is simple, compact in design, and reliable in function, long service life.
Preferred further, between described drive end and driving disc, matching spline structure is helical spline structure.The unidirectional controllable overrunning clutch of spiral is formed to utilize the fundamental characteristics of helical spline cooperating structure in prior art, helical spline cooperating structure is mainly used in transmitting torque, there is the characteristic of Small-angle Rotation corresponding large distance movement simultaneously, therefore, lead angle for helical spline is all inevitable larger, move by the promotion spline housing be engaged on splined shaft and realize spline housing or splined shaft rotation, or spline housing is under outside surface friction drag effect, driven by splined shaft and rotate and move axially, and spline housing is when axial resistance is enough large, only rotates with splined shaft.Helical spline structure in this programme can make the unidirectional end-tooth of mono-directional overrun clutch keep stable, reliable bonding state; Meanwhile, when driving disc reverses, certain power-assisted effect is formed to the retrogressing of drive end.
Preferably, between described driven end and line shaft, matching spline structure is helical spline structure.The response time of end-tooth combination can be obtained by choose reasonable Hand of spiral; Or, delay combination time and slow down combination impact.
Preferably, described driven end is connected with described push rod by the bearing pin traversed, and is provided with Returnning spring between bottom push rod bottom and mesopore; Described line shaft is formed with push rod to move with running through groove.To form the synchronizing moving of push rod and bearing pin, and there is Self-resetting function.Its structure is simple, and motion flexibly.
Preferred further, described bearing pin is fixedly connected on described push rod, and bearing pin is connected to inside driven end by sidepiece; Be provided with centrifugal top-pushing mechanism outside described driven end, centrifugal top-pushing mechanism is used for promoting the binding site of driven end to clutch configuration by L shape centrifugal block for clutch use; Plane bearing is provided with between described centrifugal block for clutch use and described driven end.To form the clutch configuration relying on setting speed to be controlled by centrifugal motion, by rational optimum configurations, to realize the automatic combination of automatic clutch under setting speed condition; When driven end moves to binding site, push rod moves with driven end, to make push rod position information also represent setting speed information, the control system being convenient to be controlled by rotary speed information is utilized.Under driving disc non-power state, it is overhanging that Returnning spring promotes push rod, thus drive driven end away from bonding state position.Its push rod and driven end are not formed and are rigidly connected, and its structure is simple, mounting or dismounting are convenient.Plane bearing, in order to reduce the fretting wear between centrifugal block for clutch use and driven end surface of contact, increases the service life.
Further preferred, described L shape centrifugal block for clutch use is rotating to be connected on speedup driven gear, and this speedup driven gear is only rotating to be sleeved on described line shaft.To be driven speedup driven gear with higher than line shaft rotating speed High Rotation Speed by the speed increase driving gear on the 3rd rotating member, thus the centrifugal-block making quality less obtains larger centrifugal power.
Preferably, described bearing pin is fixedly connected on described push rod, and bearing pin is connected to inside driven end by sidepiece; Push rod or driven end form the movable core of electromagnet by electromagnetic coil.To obtain output speed information by push rod, start high-speed double electromagnet by this rotary speed information and controlled to shift speed change at a high speed by low speed, be applicable to the clutch with the combination of this mono-directional overrun clutch or the speed variator system of magnet control; The position information that push rod is consistent with driven end can be utilized further, carry out by the speed Control at a high speed to low speed.
Preferably, described bearing pin is fixedly connected on described push rod and driven end simultaneously; Push rod or driven end form the movable core of electromagnet by electromagnetic coil; Or push rod is connected with push rod electromagnet for promoting push rod or shifting fork mechanism by outer end.Electromagnet structure is formed by push rod or driven end and electromagnetic coil, or, by external push rod electromagnet, electric shifting fork mechanism, clutch forms automatic combining structure, all obtain output speed information by push rod, start high-speed double electromagnet by this rotary speed information and controlled to shift speed change at a high speed by low speed; The position information that push rod is consistent with driven end can be utilized further, carry out, by the speed Control at a high speed to low speed, reaching self-shifting object.Meanwhile, when adopting manual shift fork scheme, can the combination of manual operation clutch, realize manually-operatedly lowly uprising speed Control, and utilize position information to be formed by the automatic control of high step-down.
Preferably, described driven end consists of the movable core of electromagnet electromagnetic coil; Release spring is provided with between driven end and described drive end.Its rotary speed information is obtained by the magnet steel be directly arranged on driven shaft by Hall element, start high-speed double electromagnet by this rotary speed information to be controlled to shift speed change at a high speed by low speed, be applicable to the clutch with the combination of this mono-directional overrun clutch or the speed variator system of magnet control.
For the one two realizing the second object keeps off change system, the present invention adopts the following two kinds technological scheme.
Scheme one, a kind of two gear change systems, comprise the mono-directional overrun clutch structure with helical spline structure controlled by centrifugal motion in the technological scheme realizing the first object, this structure obtains the position information of driven end by magnet steel and Hall element; The line shaft of this structure is fixedly connected with output gear, and the driving disc on line shaft forms top gear driven gear, line shaft is also provided with bottom gear driven gear, is formed with double rolling key clutch structure between bottom gear driven gear and line shaft; The power input front end of line shaft is also provided with input shaft, this input shaft is provided with can with the bottom gear driving gear of the synchronous active of input shaft and top gear driving gear, and bottom gear driving gear and top gear driving gear are corresponding respectively often to be engaged with described bottom gear driven gear and the driving disc forming top gear driven gear; Described speedup driven gear engages with the speed increase driving gear on the running shaft beyond line shaft, and running shaft and input shaft form positively related rotation speed relation.
In this programme, speed variator system is driven for motor, after startup mair motor, motor power is inputted by input shaft by gear, sprocket wheel or belt pulley, under low speed rotating forward condition, bottom gear driving gear drives bottom gear driven gear to rotate forward, and top gear driving gear drives the driving disc forming top gear driven gear to rotate forward; Bottom gear driven gear drives line shaft to rotate forward by double rolling key clutch structure, and now, line shaft rotating speed, lower than driving disc rotating speed, utilizes the structural relation of driving disc empty set on line shaft, and the two formation surmounts relation in relative rotation.When input power axle rotating speed increases to setting value, the rotary shaft rotating speed correspondence arranging speed increase driving gear increases, the position that speedup driven gear makes centrifugal block for clutch use promotion driven end combine to mono-directional overrun clutch structure, form the combination with drive end, line shaft and driving disc synchronous forward are rotated, and line shaft turns to identical bottom gear driven gear to be formed surmount relation by surmounting twin-direction clutch with lower than its rotating speed.When input shaft counterrotating, line shaft forms synchronous axial system by double rolling key clutch and bottom gear driven gear; During low speed, the driven end of mono-directional overrun clutch structure is under action of reset spring, and pushed in the position away from drive end by the bearing pin on push rod, the two separated state, driven end is with line shaft synchronous axial system; Driving disc is driven by top gear driving gear and is formed by the structure of empty set on line shaft and line shaft and relatively rotates.When input shaft reverse speed reaches setting value, driven end is pushed to binding site under centrifugal block for clutch use effect, but due to the meshing relation that drive end and driven end are unidirectional tooth, now, the two does not engage, drive end is overcome the elastic force of loading spring by driven end pushing and retreats, and the two is formed to skid and have and surmounts state in relative rotation.Double rolling key clutch structure in this programme, utilize the following characteristic of double rolling key clutch in prior art to form bidirectional overtaking function, namely the driving link of double rolling key clutch can drive the forward and reverse rotation of driven member, and driven member can not drive driving link to rotate.Meanwhile, this programme obtains clutch driven end position information by the magnet steel on Hall element and push rod, so that control system utilizes this signal to carry out, by the speed Control at a high speed to low speed, being beneficial to the automatic control of the system of realization.As under top gear condition, cut off the main drive motor several seconds, input shaft is run out of steam, the driven end of overrunning clutch return and being separated with drive end under action of reset spring, when telegram in reply starts again, self-assembling formation low speed rotation and realizing by the automatic speed changing at a high speed to low speed speed change.
Preferably, described top gear driving gear is connected by spline fitted with between input shaft, and the spline width of keyway on top gear driving gear is greater than the spline width of input shaft spline shaft, and top gear driving gear and input shaft are provided with buffering torsion spring.With when bottom gear, input shaft makes top gear driving gear circumference form a windup-degree by the elastic force of torsion spring, and input shaft is by torsion spring and make top gear driving gear form the driving of the driving disc to idle running; When being transformed to top gear, load overcomes torsion spring elastic force, top gear driving gear is formed by the direct transmitting torque of spline, thus in shift process, plays the effect slowing down impact.
Preferably, described speed increase driving gear is coaxially fixedly connected on described input shaft.Speed increase driving gear can be utilized to connect the other end of torsion spring, to form compact structure layout.
Preferably, the Power output rear end of described line shaft is also provided with jack shaft, and jack shaft is driven by output gear, and jack shaft forms Power output by gears meshing; Described speed increase driving gear is located on jack shaft.The program is passed through, structure relative distribution, is convenient to mounting or dismounting and maintenance, is suitable for the choice for use when space layout relative loose, as tricycle, four-wheel wagon etc.Its speed change buffering realizes by the following method, after the setting speed temporary duration that centrifugal-block rotates, after cutting off mair motor power supply several seconds or several milliseconds, utilize the inertia of centrifugal-block that overrunning clutch is combined, realize shifting amortization, restart mair motor power supply and form power transmission, and do not need to arrange buffering torsion spring.
Scheme two, a kind of two gear speed variator systems, comprise in the technological scheme realizing the first object except the mono-directional overrun clutch structure with electromagnetic force control, this structure obtains the rotary speed information of line shaft by magnet steel and Hall element, the line shaft of this structure is fixedly connected with output gear, driving disc on line shaft forms top gear driven gear, line shaft is also provided with bottom gear driven gear, between bottom gear driven gear and line shaft, is formed with double rolling key clutch structure; The power input front end of line shaft is also provided with input shaft, this input shaft is provided with can with the bottom gear driving gear of the synchronous active of input shaft and top gear driving gear, and bottom gear driving gear and top gear driving gear are corresponding respectively often to be engaged with described bottom gear driven gear and the driving disc forming top gear driven gear; Described push rod outer end is connected with electromagnet or manual shift fork, for push rod, the drive end of described mono-directional overrun clutch and driven end is combined.
This programme is applicable to motor and drives, and utilizes the automatic speed-changing system that high-speed double electromagnet is shifted gears to top gear by bottom gear.After startup mair motor, motor power is inputted by input shaft by gear, sprocket wheel or belt pulley, lower-speed state working procedure scheme one as the aforementioned.When rotating speed reaches a certain setting value and needs to become high speed from low speed, electromagnet starts the drive end and driven end combination that make described mono-directional overrun clutch, and forms fast state; When adopting helical spline structure, electromagnet only need of short duration be switched to overrunning clutch combine after just can power-off, and do not need to be in on-state for a long time, clutch forms self-locking by helical spline structure.And when push rod outer end is provided with magnet steel, also Hall element can be utilized to detect push rod position and obtain position signal, control system can utilize this signal to carry out corresponding control, as under top gear condition, cut off the main drive motor several seconds, input shaft is run out of steam, the driven end of overrunning clutch return and being separated with drive end under action of reset spring, when telegram in reply starts again, self-assembling formation low speed rotation and realizing by the automatic speed changing at a high speed to low speed speed change.When this programme magnet steel is set to a fritter circumferentially, tach signal is obtained to utilize Hall element, and complete a pushing action by tach signal control electromagnet, to form the combination of overrunning clutch, and speed variator system is completed automatically by the speed change of low speed to conversion at a high speed.
In this programme, manual shift fork also can be adopted to substitute electromagnet structure, realize hand gear.
Double rolling key clutch in aforementioned two schemes can make full use of free wheel device of the prior art, comprising the application number that the applicant submits on April 24th, 2015 to State Intellectual Property Office is CN201510198365.4, invention and created name is the application for a patent for invention of a kind of double rolling key clutch, speed change gear and automatic speed-changing system, this application is open on July 29th, 2015, and publication number is the double rolling key clutch scheme disclosed in CN104806656A.
For realizing the 3rd object, the present invention adopts following technological scheme.
A controlling method for two gear speed variator systems, for realizing the speed Control of the speed variator system of the present invention second object, comprises the position information or the line shaft rotary speed information that are obtained driven end by magnet steel and Hall element; This position information is combined with the drive motor current detecting information of speed variator system by control system, form this drive motor power switch control signal, this control signal is used for being in desired location at driven end, and current of electric is when reaching setting value, after cutting off the drive motor power settings time, restart drive motor, to be transformed to bottom gear by top gear; Or control system utilizes the rotary speed information of line shaft, when line shaft rotating speed reaches a setting value, cut off the drive motor power settings time, restart drive motor, to be transformed to top gear by bottom gear; Or, control system utilizes the rotary speed information of line shaft, when line shaft rotating speed reaches a setting value, cuts off drive motor or electromagnetic coil power settings time after starting electromagnetic coil set time, restart drive motor or electromagnetic coil, to be transformed to top gear by bottom gear; And when rotating speed reaches another setting value, after cutting off the drive motor power settings time, restart drive motor, to be transformed to bottom gear by top gear.
This method comprises three schemes, can realize the control of three kinds of systems.All utilize the low speed start characteristic of speed variator system, monitor Main motor current value at high speeds, when fast state electric current reaches setting value, show that motor is in large load condition at a high speed, need to switch to low speed.For this reason, form restarting of motor by the mode of sending a telegram in reply after cut-out mair motor power supply, reach by the High-Speed Automatic object being transformed to low speed.Its status information utilizing overrunning clutch to combine, or the rotary speed information of driven shaft controls, and its control system is simple, and cost is low, and failure rate is low, reliability is high.For by low speed to speed Control at a high speed, then according to different structural allocation, the mode of being restarted by power-off reduces shifting amortization.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, clutch configuration and the speed variator system structure containing this clutch configuration simple, and clutch bonding state information or output speed obtain convenient, reliable, and system has forward two and keeps off and reverse output function; Shifting control method is simple, can realize two-gear automatic speed changing easily.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the structure of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 3.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 4.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 5.
Fig. 6 is that the axle of part-structure in the embodiment of the present invention 5 measures intention.
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of one-way check structure in the embodiment of the present invention 5.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 6.
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 7.
Figure 10 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 8.
Figure 11 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 9.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further illustrated, but therefore do not limit the present invention among described scope of embodiments.
Embodiment 1, see Fig. 1, a kind of mono-directional overrun clutch structure, comprise the driving disc 1 and line shaft 2 that form input end and output terminal respectively, driving disc 1 is rotating to be sleeved on line shaft 2, forms overrunning clutch between driving disc 1 and line shaft 2 by drive end 3 and the intermeshing unidirectional end-tooth of driven end 4; Drive end 3 is engaged in driving disc 1 side by helical spline structure, during to press direction initialization rotation at driving disc 1, drives drive end 3 to move to desired location towards driven end 4 direction, is provided with loading spring 9 between drive end 3 and driving disc 1; What driven end 4 can be moved axially by helical spline structure is engaged on line shaft 2; Driven end 4 is fixedly connected with push rod 6 by the bearing pin 5 traversed, and bearing pin 5 is connected to inside driven end 4 by sidepiece; This push rod 6 is slidably fitted in the mesopore of line shaft 2, Returnning spring 7 is provided with between bottom push rod 6 bottom and mesopore, line shaft 2 being formed with push rod 6 moves with running through groove 6a, push rod 6 is provided with magnet steel 8 in the outer end of stretching out line shaft 2, and magnet steel 8 is for obtaining position information and the rotary speed information of driven end 4 by Hall element 22.
Wherein, be provided with centrifugal top-pushing mechanism outside driven end 4, centrifugal top-pushing mechanism is used for the binding site being promoted driven end 4 to clutch configuration by L shape centrifugal block for clutch use 10; Plane bearing 12 is provided with between described centrifugal block for clutch use 10 and described driven end 4; L shape centrifugal block for clutch use 10 is rotating to be connected on speedup driven gear 11, and this speedup driven gear 11 is only rotating to be sleeved on described line shaft 2.
Embodiment 2, see Fig. 2, a kind of mono-directional overrun clutch structure, comprise the driving disc 1 and line shaft 2 that form input end and output terminal respectively, driving disc 1 is rotating to be sleeved on line shaft 2, forms overrunning clutch between driving disc 1 and line shaft 2 by drive end 3 and the intermeshing unidirectional end-tooth of driven end 4; Drive end 3 is engaged in driving disc 1 side by helical spline structure, during to press direction initialization rotation at driving disc 1, drives drive end 3 to move to desired location towards driven end 4 direction, is provided with loading spring 9 between drive end 3 and driving disc 1; What driven end 4 can be moved axially by helical spline structure is engaged on line shaft 2; Driven end 4 is fixedly connected with push rod 6 by the bearing pin 5 traversed, and bearing pin 5 is connected to inside driven end 4 by sidepiece; This push rod 6 is slidably fitted in the mesopore of line shaft 2, Returnning spring 7 is provided with between bottom push rod 6 bottom and mesopore, line shaft 2 being formed with push rod 6 moves with running through groove 6a, push rod 6 is provided with magnet steel 8 in the outer end of stretching out line shaft 2, and magnet steel 8 is for obtaining position information and the rotary speed information of driven end 4 by Hall element 22.
Wherein, bearing pin 5 is fixedly connected on described push rod 6 and driven end 4 simultaneously; Driven end 4 forms the movable core of electromagnet by electromagnetic coil 23.
Returnning spring 7 in the present embodiment also can be located between drive end 3 and driven end 4.
In the present embodiment, also can adopt the movable core being made up of electromagnet by push rod 6 electromagnetic coil 23.
Embodiment 3, see Fig. 3, a kind of mono-directional overrun clutch structure, comprise the driving disc 1 and line shaft 2 that form input end and output terminal respectively, driving disc 1 is rotating to be sleeved on line shaft 2, forms overrunning clutch between driving disc 1 and line shaft 2 by drive end 3 and the intermeshing unidirectional end-tooth of driven end 4; Drive end 3 is engaged in driving disc 1 side by helical spline structure, during to press direction initialization rotation at driving disc 1, drives drive end 3 to move to desired location towards driven end 4 direction, is provided with loading spring 9 between drive end 3 and driving disc 1; What driven end 4 can be moved axially by helical spline structure is engaged on line shaft 2.
Wherein, the axle head of line shaft 2 is provided with magnet steel 8, and magnet steel 8 is for obtaining the rotary speed information of line shaft 2 by Hall element 22; Driven end 4 forms the movable core of electromagnet by electromagnetic coil 23; Release spring 24 is provided with between driven end 4 and described drive end 3.
Embodiment 4, see Fig. 4, a kind of mono-directional overrun clutch structure, comprise the driving disc 1 and line shaft 2 that form input end and output terminal respectively, driving disc 1 is rotating to be sleeved on line shaft 2, forms overrunning clutch between driving disc 1 and line shaft 2 by drive end 3 and the intermeshing unidirectional end-tooth of driven end 4; Drive end 3 is engaged in driving disc 1 side by helical spline structure, during to press direction initialization rotation at driving disc 1, drives drive end 3 to move to desired location towards driven end 4 direction, is provided with loading spring 9 between drive end 3 and driving disc 1; What driven end 4 can be moved axially by helical spline structure is engaged on line shaft 2; Driven end 4 is fixedly connected with push rod 6 by the bearing pin 5 traversed, and bearing pin 5 is connected to inside driven end 4 by sidepiece; This push rod 6 is slidably fitted in the mesopore of line shaft 2, Returnning spring 7 is provided with between bottom push rod 6 bottom and mesopore, line shaft 2 being formed with push rod 6 moves with running through groove 6a, push rod 6 is provided with magnet steel 8 in the outer end of stretching out line shaft 2, and magnet steel 8 is for obtaining position information and the rotary speed information of driven end 4 by Hall element 22.
Wherein, bearing pin 5 is fixedly connected on described push rod 6 and driven end 4 simultaneously; Push rod 6 is connected with push rod electromagnet for promoting push rod 6 or shifting fork mechanism by outer end.
In the present embodiment, when adopting push rod electromagnet and electric shifting fork mechanism, clutch forms automatic combining structure; When adopting manual shifting fork mechanism, form manual combining structure.
Drive end 3 in embodiment 1,2 and 3 also can be integrally formed in the side of driving disc 1, in order to alternative helical spline linkage structure.
Embodiment 5, see Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, and a kind of two gear change systems, comprise the mono-directional overrun clutch structure described in embodiment 1, this structure mainly obtains the position information of driven end 4 by magnet steel 8 and Hall element 22; The line shaft 2 of this structure is fixedly connected with output gear 13, driving disc 1 on line shaft 2 forms top gear driven gear, line shaft 2 is also provided with bottom gear driven gear 14, between bottom gear driven gear 14 and line shaft 2, is formed with double rolling key clutch structure; The power input front end of line shaft 2 is also provided with input shaft 15, this input shaft 15 is provided with can with the bottom gear driving gear 16 of the synchronous active of input shaft 15 and top gear driving gear 17, and bottom gear driving gear 16 and top gear driving gear 17 respectively corresponding and described bottom gear driven gear 14 often engage with the driving disc 1 forming top gear driven gear; Described speedup driven gear 11 engages with the speed increase driving gear 18 on the running shaft beyond line shaft 2, and running shaft and input shaft 15 form positively related rotation speed relation.
Wherein, be connected between top gear driving gear 17 with input shaft 15 by spline fitted, the spline width of keyway on top gear driving gear 17 is greater than the spline width of input shaft 15 spline shaft, and top gear driving gear 17 and input shaft 15 are provided with and cushion torsion spring 19.Speed increase driving gear 18 is coaxially fixedly connected on described input shaft 15.
Wherein, double rolling key clutch structure, comprise the helical spline cover 30 that bottom gear driven gear 14 is coordinated by helical spline structure, helical spline overlaps 30 both sides and is respectively equipped with first end face 31 and the second end face disk 32, first end face 31 is all fixedly connected with line shaft 2 with the second end face disk 32, helical spline cover 30 forms the first end-engaging clutch structure and the second end-engaging clutch structure respectively by first end face 31 and the second end face disk 32, first end-engaging clutch structure and the second end-engaging clutch structure are respectively used to overlap 30 by helical spline and drive line shaft 2 synchronously to rotate forward and synchronous reversion, helical spline structure between helical spline cover 30 and bottom gear driven gear 14, has and promotes the Hand of spiral of helical spline cover 30 towards first end face 31 movement when bottom gear driven gear 14 rotates forward, wherein, helical spline cover 30 is engaged in the side that described bottom gear driven gear 14 is positioned at the second end face disk 32, helical spline cover 30 is in external splines structure, and helical spline cover 30 is engaged in the Turbo Flora keyhole of described bottom gear driven gear 14.Helical spline overlaps 30 the other ends and is provided with multiple circumference uniform distribution, and the connection pawl 30a that can be passed by the hollow out 14a in bottom gear driven gear 14 epiplastron portion, helical spline cover 30 forms described first end-engaging clutch structure by this connection pawl 30a and described first end face 31.Be provided with a Compress Spring 33 between helical spline cover 30 and described second end face disk 32, form normally closed and normally open respectively to make the first end-engaging clutch and the second end-engaging clutch structure; Helical spline cover 30 is set with by frictional connection mode the C shape snap ring 34 having and stop handle 34a, helical spline overlaps 30 outsides and is provided with an one-way check structure by a static component, this one-way check structure is used for only when helical spline overlaps 30 counterrotating, by stopping that handle 34a stops described C shape snap ring 34 to rotate with helical spline cover 30.One-way check structure comprises an active block stop 35, active block stop 35 is by the hinged stopper seat 36 of hinged 36a, stopper seat 36 is fixedly connected on static component, what active block stop 35 reversed at C shape snap ring 34 heads in notch, and overlaps the shifting axle of 30 to the prevent surface 35a with preseting length along helical spline; The hinge point of active block stop 35 is in rear end, and active block stop 35 upper side is by articulated section to notch portion, and the direction axially increased gradually by size along 30 movements of described helical spline cover extends.Block torsion spring 37 is provided with between active block stop 35 and stopper seat 36; When helical spline cover 30 rotates forward, C shape snap ring 34 is by stopping that handle 34a overcomes block torsion spring 37 elastic force, and the space of dodging of oppressing active block stop 35 beat and being formed C shape snap ring 34; When 30 reversion of helical spline cover, C shape snap ring 34 is by stopping that handle 34a first-selection contacts with the notch portion of active block stop 35, and the direction pushes on movable block 35 consistent with block torsion spring 37 elastic force, thus stopped by pressure active block stop 35.
All the other structures of the present embodiment are identical with embodiment 1, do not repeat them here.
Embodiment 6, see Fig. 8, and a kind of two gear change systems, comprise the mono-directional overrun clutch structure described in embodiment 1, this structure mainly obtains the position information of driven end 4 by magnet steel 8 and Hall element 22; The line shaft 2 of this structure is fixedly connected with output gear 13, driving disc 1 on line shaft 2 forms top gear driven gear, line shaft 2 is also provided with bottom gear driven gear 14, between bottom gear driven gear 14 and line shaft 2, is formed with double rolling key clutch structure; The power input front end of line shaft 2 is also provided with input shaft 15, this input shaft 15 is provided with can with the bottom gear driving gear 16 of the synchronous active of input shaft 15 and top gear driving gear 17, and bottom gear driving gear 16 and top gear driving gear 17 respectively corresponding and described bottom gear driven gear 14 often engage with the driving disc 1 forming top gear driven gear; Described speedup driven gear 11 engages with the speed increase driving gear 18 on the running shaft beyond line shaft 2, and running shaft and input shaft 15 form positively related rotation speed relation.
Wherein, the Power output rear end of line shaft 2 is also provided with jack shaft 20, and jack shaft 20 forms Power output by gears meshing; Described speed increase driving gear 18 is located on jack shaft 20.
All the other structures of the present embodiment are identical with embodiment 4, do not repeat them here.
Embodiment 7, see Fig. 9, a kind of two gear speed variator systems, comprise the mono-directional overrun clutch structure described in enforcement 2, this structure mainly obtains the rotary speed information of line shaft 2 by magnet steel 8 and Hall element 22, and obtains driven end 4 position information after drive end 3 and driven end 4 combine; The line shaft 2 of described structure is fixedly connected with output gear 13, driving disc 1 on line shaft 2 forms top gear driven gear, line shaft 2 is also provided with bottom gear driven gear 14, between bottom gear driven gear 14 and line shaft 2, is formed with double rolling key clutch structure; The power input front end of line shaft 2 is also provided with input shaft 15, this input shaft 15 is provided with can with the bottom gear driving gear 16 of the synchronous active of input shaft 15 and top gear driving gear 17, and bottom gear driving gear 16 and top gear driving gear 17 respectively corresponding and described bottom gear driven gear 14 often engage with the driving disc 1 forming top gear driven gear.
All the other structures and the embodiment 2 or identical of the present embodiment, do not repeat them here.
Embodiment 8, see Figure 10, and a kind of two gear speed variator systems, comprise the mono-directional overrun clutch structure described in enforcement 3, this structure mainly obtains the rotary speed information of line shaft 2 by magnet steel 8 and Hall element 22; The line shaft 2 of described structure is fixedly connected with output gear 13, driving disc 1 on line shaft 2 forms top gear driven gear, line shaft 2 is also provided with bottom gear driven gear 14, between bottom gear driven gear 14 and line shaft 2, is formed with double rolling key clutch structure; The power input front end of line shaft 2 is also provided with input shaft 15, this input shaft 15 is provided with can with the bottom gear driving gear 16 of the synchronous active of input shaft 15 and top gear driving gear 17, and bottom gear driving gear 16 and top gear driving gear 17 respectively corresponding and described bottom gear driven gear 14 often engage with the driving disc 1 forming top gear driven gear.
All the other structures and the embodiment 3 or identical of the present embodiment, do not repeat them here.
Embodiment 9, see Figure 11, and a kind of two gear speed variator systems, comprise the mono-directional overrun clutch structure described in enforcement 4, this structure mainly obtains the rotary speed information of line shaft 2 by magnet steel 8 and Hall element 22; The line shaft 2 of described structure is fixedly connected with output gear 13, driving disc 1 on line shaft 2 forms top gear driven gear, line shaft 2 is also provided with bottom gear driven gear 14, between bottom gear driven gear 14 and line shaft 2, is formed with double rolling key clutch structure; The power input front end of line shaft 2 is also provided with input shaft 15, this input shaft 15 is provided with can with the bottom gear driving gear 16 of the synchronous active of input shaft 15 and top gear driving gear 17, and bottom gear driving gear 16 and top gear driving gear 17 respectively corresponding and described bottom gear driven gear 14 often engage with the driving disc 1 forming top gear driven gear.
All the other structures and the embodiment 4 or identical of the present embodiment, do not repeat them here.
Embodiment 10, and see Fig. 5, a kind of controlling method of two gear speed variator systems, for controlling two gear speed variator systems described in embodiment 5, this system is realized by centrifugal motion to higher speed gear by low speed, and has shifting amortization structure.Comprise the position information being obtained driven end 4 by magnet steel 8 and Hall element 22; This position information is combined with the drive motor current detecting information of speed variator system by control system, form this drive motor power switch control signal, this control signal is used for being in desired location at driven end 4, and current of electric is when reaching setting value, after cutting off the drive motor power settings time, restart drive motor, to be transformed to bottom gear by top gear.
Embodiment 11, and see Fig. 8, a kind of controlling method of two gear speed variator systems, for controlling two gear speed variator systems described in embodiment 6, this system is realized by centrifugal motion to higher speed gear by low speed.Comprise the rotary speed information being obtained line shaft 2 by magnet steel 8 and Hall element 22, control system is when line shaft 2 rotating speed reaches a setting value, after cutting off the drive motor power settings time, restart drive motor, to be transformed to top gear by bottom gear and to reduce shifting amortization; Then the position information of magnet steel 8 and Hall element 22 driven end 4 is passed through; This position information is combined with the drive motor current detecting information of speed variator system by control system, form this drive motor power switch control signal, this control signal is used for being in desired location at driven end 4, and current of electric is when reaching setting value, after cutting off the drive motor power settings time, restart drive motor, to be transformed to bottom gear by top gear.
Embodiment 12, see Fig. 9, Figure 10, a kind of controlling method of two gear speed variator systems, for controlling two gear speed variator systems described in embodiment 7 or 8, comprise the rotary speed information being obtained line shaft 2 by magnet steel 8 and Hall element 22, control system utilizes the rotary speed information of line shaft 2, when line shaft 2 rotating speed reaches a setting value, cut off drive motor or electromagnetic coil 23 power settings time after starting electromagnetic coil 23 set time, restart drive motor or electromagnetic coil 23, to be transformed to top gear by bottom gear, and reduce shift shock; And when rotating speed reaches another setting value, after cutting off the drive motor power settings time, restart drive motor, to be transformed to bottom gear by top gear.
Embodiment 13, see Figure 11, a kind of controlling method of two gear speed variator systems, the two gear speed variator systems that this method is also applicable to described in embodiment 9 control, comprise the rotary speed information being obtained line shaft 2 by magnet steel 8 and Hall element 22, control system utilizes the rotary speed information of line shaft 2, when line shaft 2 rotating speed reaches a setting value, after starting push rod electromagnet or electric shifting fork set time, and cut off the drive motor power settings time, or push rod electromagnet or electric shifting fork power settings time, restart drive motor or push rod electromagnet or electric shifting fork, to be transformed to top gear by bottom gear, and reduce shift shock, and when rotating speed reaches another setting value, after cutting off the drive motor power settings time, restart drive motor, to be transformed to bottom gear by top gear.
More than describe preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail.Should be appreciated that those of ordinary skill in the art just design according to the present invention can make many modifications and variations without the need to creative work.Therefore, all technician in the art, all should by the determined protection domain of claims under this invention's idea on the basis of existing technology by the available technological scheme of logical analysis, reasoning, or a limited experiment.
Claims (16)
1. a mono-directional overrun clutch structure, comprise the driving disc (1) and line shaft (2) that form input end and output terminal respectively, driving disc (1) is rotating to be sleeved on line shaft (2), forms overrunning clutch between driving disc (1) and line shaft (2) by drive end (3) and the intermeshing unidirectional end-tooth of driven end (4); It is characterized in that, described drive end (3) is integrally formed or is connected on driving disc (1), and what driven end (4) can be moved axially by spline structure is engaged on line shaft (2); The axle head of line shaft (2) is provided with magnet steel (8), and magnet steel (8) is for obtaining the rotary speed information of line shaft (2) by Hall element (22); Or, driven end (4) is connected with push rod (6) in synchronization-moving, this push rod (6) is slidably fitted in the mesopore of line shaft (2), and being provided with magnet steel (8) in the outer end of stretching out line shaft (2), magnet steel (8) is for obtaining position information and the rotary speed information of driven end (4) by Hall element (22).
2. mono-directional overrun clutch structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described drive end (3) is engaged in driving disc (1) side by spline structure, with when driving disc (1) rotates by direction initialization, drive drive end (3) to move to desired location towards driven end (4) direction, and be provided with loading spring (9) between drive end (3) and driving disc (1).
3. mono-directional overrun clutch structure according to claim 2, is characterized in that, between described drive end (3) and driving disc (1), matching spline structure is helical spline structure.
4. mono-directional overrun clutch structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that, between described driven end (4) and line shaft (2), matching spline structure is helical spline structure.
5. the mono-directional overrun clutch structure according to Claims 1 to 4 any one claim, it is characterized in that, described driven end (4) is connected with described push rod (6) by the bearing pin (5) traversed, and is provided with Returnning spring (7) between bottom push rod (6) bottom and mesopore; Described line shaft (2) is formed with push rod (6) mobile with running through groove (6a).
6. mono-directional overrun clutch structure according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described bearing pin (5) is fixedly connected on described push rod (6), and bearing pin (5) is connected to driven end (4) inner side by sidepiece; Described driven end (4) outside is provided with centrifugal top-pushing mechanism, and centrifugal top-pushing mechanism is used for promoting the binding site of driven end (4) to clutch configuration by L shape centrifugal block for clutch use (10); Plane bearing (12) is provided with between described centrifugal block for clutch use (10) and described driven end (4).
7. mono-directional overrun clutch structure according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described L shape centrifugal block for clutch use (10) is rotating to be connected on speedup driven gear (11), and this speedup driven gear (11) is only rotating to be sleeved on described line shaft (2).
8. mono-directional overrun clutch structure according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described bearing pin (5) is fixedly connected on described push rod (6), and bearing pin (5) is connected to driven end (4) inner side by sidepiece; Push rod (6) or driven end (4) form the movable core of electromagnet by electromagnetic coil (23).
9. mono-directional overrun clutch structure according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described bearing pin (5) is fixedly connected on described push rod (6) and driven end (4) simultaneously; Push rod (6) or driven end (4) form the movable core of electromagnet by electromagnetic coil (23); Or push rod (6) is connected with push rod electromagnet for promoting push rod (6) or shifting fork mechanism by outer end.
10. the mono-directional overrun clutch structure according to Claims 1 to 4 any one claim, is characterized in that, described driven end (4) forms the movable core of electromagnet by electromagnetic coil (23); Release spring (24) is provided with between driven end (4) and described drive end (3).
11. a kind of two gear change system, it is characterized in that, comprise the mono-directional overrun clutch structure described in claim 6 or 7, this structure mainly obtains the position information of driven end (4) by magnet steel (8) and Hall element (22); The line shaft (2) of this structure is fixedly connected with output gear (13), driving disc (1) on line shaft (2) forms top gear driven gear, line shaft (2) is also provided with bottom gear driven gear (14), between bottom gear driven gear (14) and line shaft (2), is formed with double rolling key clutch structure; The power input front end of line shaft (2) is also provided with input shaft (15), this input shaft (15) is provided with can with the synchronous bottom gear driving gear (16) initiatively of input shaft (15) and top gear driving gear (17), and the driving disc (1) that bottom gear driving gear (16) and top gear driving gear (17) are distinguished correspondence and described bottom gear driven gear (14) and formed top gear driven gear often engages; Described speedup driven gear (11) is engaged with the speed increase driving gear (18) on the running shaft beyond line shaft (2), and running shaft and input shaft (15) form positively related rotation speed relation.
12. two gear speed variator systems according to claim 11, it is characterized in that, described top gear driving gear (17) is connected by spline fitted with between input shaft (15), spline width of keyway on top gear driving gear (17) is greater than the spline width of input shaft (15) spline shaft, and top gear driving gear (17) and input shaft (15) are provided with and cushion torsion spring (19).
13. two gear speed variator systems according to claim 11, it is characterized in that, described speed increase driving gear (18) is coaxially fixedly connected on described input shaft (15).
14. two gear speed variator systems according to claim 11, it is characterized in that, the Power output rear end of described line shaft (2) is also provided with jack shaft (20), and jack shaft (20) forms Power output by gears meshing; Described speed increase driving gear (18) is located on jack shaft (20).
15. a kind of two gear speed variator system, it is characterized in that, comprise the mono-directional overrun clutch structure described in claim 8,9 or 10, this structure mainly obtains the rotary speed information of line shaft (2) by magnet steel (8) and Hall element (22); The line shaft (2) of described structure is fixedly connected with output gear (13), driving disc (1) on line shaft (2) forms top gear driven gear, line shaft (2) is also provided with bottom gear driven gear (14), between bottom gear driven gear (14) and line shaft (2), is formed with double rolling key clutch structure; The power input front end of line shaft (2) is also provided with input shaft (15), this input shaft (15) is provided with can with the synchronous bottom gear driving gear (16) initiatively of input shaft (15) and top gear driving gear (17), and the driving disc (1) that bottom gear driving gear (16) and top gear driving gear (17) are distinguished correspondence and described bottom gear driven gear (14) and formed top gear driven gear often engages.
The controlling method of 16. a kind of two gear speed variator system, for controlling two gear speed variator systems described in claim 10 ~ 15, it is characterized in that, comprise the position information or line shaft (2) rotary speed information that are obtained driven end (4) by magnet steel (8) and Hall element (22); This position information is combined with the drive motor current detecting information of speed variator system by control system, form this drive motor power switch control signal, this control signal is used for being in desired location at driven end (4), and current of electric is when reaching setting value, after cutting off the drive motor power settings time, restart drive motor, to be transformed to bottom gear by top gear; Or control system utilizes the rotary speed information of line shaft (2), when line shaft (2) rotating speed reaches a setting value, cut off the drive motor power settings time, restart drive motor, to be transformed to top gear by bottom gear; Or, control system utilizes the rotary speed information of line shaft (2), when line shaft (2) rotating speed reaches a setting value, be enabled in line shaft (2) rotating speed when reaching a setting value, to start after electromagnetic coil (23) set time and to cut off drive motor or electromagnetic coil (23) power settings time, restart drive motor or electromagnetic coil (23), to be transformed to top gear by bottom gear; And when rotating speed reaches another setting value, after cutting off the drive motor power settings time, restart drive motor, to be transformed to bottom gear by top gear.
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