CN105274183A - Method for determining water quality grade of rivers - Google Patents
Method for determining water quality grade of rivers Download PDFInfo
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- CN105274183A CN105274183A CN201510659509.1A CN201510659509A CN105274183A CN 105274183 A CN105274183 A CN 105274183A CN 201510659509 A CN201510659509 A CN 201510659509A CN 105274183 A CN105274183 A CN 105274183A
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- water quality
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for determining water quality grade of rivers. The method comprises measuring the percentage X of bent melosira granulata accounting for all melosira granulata in water; if the percentage X is in the follow scope: X<10%, determining the water quality to be I-grade water quality; if the percentage X is in the follow scope: 10%<= X<20%, determining the water quality to be II-grade water quality; if the percentage X is in the follow scope: 20%<= X<40%, determining the water quality to be III-grade water quality; if the percentage X is in the follow scope: 40%<= X<50%, determining the water quality to be IV-grade water quality; if the percentage X is in the follow scope: 50%<= X<60%, determining the water quality to be V-grade water quality; and if the percentage X is in the follow scope: X>=60%, determining the water quality to be inferior V-grade water quality. By microscopically observing the form of melosira granulata in rivers water, the percentage of bent melosira granulata is visually distinguished and counted, and thus the water-quality nutrition grade of an investigated river segment is determined. The method moderately demands operator profession quality and equipment configuration, and possesses relatively good practicability and strong popularization property.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method judging river water quality grade.
Background technology
Particle melosira (now uses latin name
aulacoseiragranulata; Once latin name was used
melosiragranulata) belong to Bacillariophyta center guiding principle Melosira, be the common advantage algae kind in poisons in freshwater, worldwide extensively distribute (
karimandSaeed, 1978; H etzelandCroome, 1996; Nakanoetal., 1996; O ' Farrelletal., 2001; Godlewskaetal., 2003; Tsukadaetal., 2006).The separate housing of algae chain end tool lunge (
florin, 1970), become the important evidence of taxonomic identification under opticmicroscope.
Foundation " CHINESE FRESHWATER algae will, Volume Four, Bacillariophyta, center guiding principle " (Qi Yuzao,
1991), the algae chain form of particle melosira is in " three mutation and a modification ": former mutation (
var.
granulata ), extremely narrow mutation (
var.
angustissima ), extremely narrow mutation spiral modification (
var.
angustissimaf.
spiralis ) and bending mutation (
var.
curvata ).
Particle melosira form is relevant with water surrounding, can reflect water quality situation and changing conditions.The cell of particle melosira and the shape size of algae chain can change because of the impact of environmental factor, and factor of influence comprises: nitric nitrogen, total phosphorus (
g mezetal., 1995; TurkiaandLepist, 1999), transparency (
o ' Farrelletal., 2001), Grazing Pressure (
daveyandCrawford, 1986), silicate concentration (
stoermeretal., 1981; Davey, 1987), water temperature (
davey, 1987; G mezetal., 1995), the photoperiod (
davey, 1987), water column stability (
g mezetal., 1995),
cO 2 content (
tallingandRz ska,
1967) and calcium concn (
g mezetal., 1995).
Prior art mainly studies its deixis to water body eutrophication degree from the Monopterus albus of particle melosira, cell size (comprising cell dia, length and volume) and algae chain size (cell count and length).All have higher requirement to the specified quality of researchist and research equipment, be suitable for crowd few, and waste time and energy, the research conclusion that different research waters finally obtains also is not quite similar.
The specifying information of the above-mentioned reference related to is as follows:
Qi Yuzao edits, and 1995.CHINESE FRESHWATER algae will, Volume Four, Bacillariophyta, center guiding principle.Science Press, 13-17 page.
DaveyMC,1987.Seasonalvariationinthefilamentmorphologyofthefreshwaterdiatom
Melosiragranulata(Ehr)Ralfs.FreshwaterBiology,18:5-16.
DaveyMCandCrawfordRM,1986.Filamentformationinthediatom
Melosiragranulata.
JournalofPhycology,22:144-150.
GodlewskaM,Mazurkiewicz-BorońG,PociechaA,Wilk-Wo?niakE,JelonekM.,2003.Effectsof
floodonthefunctioningoftheDobczycereservoirecosystem.Hydrobiologia,504:305-313.
GómezN,RieraJL,SabaterS,1995.Ecologyandmorphologicalvariabilityof
Aulacoseira
granulata(Bacillariophyceae)inSpanishreservoirs.JournalofPlanktonResearch,17:1-16.
H?etzelGandCroomeR.,1996.Populationdynamicsof
Aulacoseiragranulata(Ehr.)Simonson
(Bacillariophyceae,Centrales),thedominantalgaintheMurrayRiver,Australia.Archivfuer
Hydrobiologie,136:191-215.
KarimAGA,SaeedOM.,1978.StudiesonthefreshwateralgaeoftheSudanⅢ,verticaldistributionof
Melosiragranulata(Ehr)ralfs.IntheWhiteNile,withreferencetocertainenvironmentalvariables.Hydrobiologia,57:73-79.
NakanoS,SeikeY,SekinoT,OkumuraM,KawabataK,FujinagaK,NakanishiM,MitamuraO,
KumagaiM,HashitaniH.,1996.Arapidgrowthof
Aulacoseiragranulata(Bacillariophyceae)
duringthetyphoonseasonintheSouthBasinofLakeBiwa.JapaneseJournalofLimnology,
57:493-500.
O’FarrellI,TellG,PodlejskiA,2001.Morphologicalvariabilityof
Aulacoseiragranulata(Ehr)
Simonsen(Bacillariophyceae)inthelowerParanáRiver(Argentina).Limnology,2:65-71.
TsukadaH,TsujimuraS,NakaharaH.,2006.SeasonalsuccessionofphytoplanktoninLakeYogo
over2years:effectofartificialmanipulation.Limnology,7:3-14.
StoermerEF,KreisRG,Sicko-GoadL,1981.Asystematic,quantitativeandecological
comparisonofMelosiraislandicaO.Müll.with
M.granulata(Ehr)RalfsfromtheLaurentian
GreatLakes.JournalofGreatLakesResearch,7:345-356.
TallingJFandRz?skaJ,1967.ThedevelopmentofplanktoninrelationtohydrologicalregimeintheBlueNile.JournalofEcology,55:637-662.
TurkiaJ,LepistoL,1999.
Sizevariationsofplanktonic
AulacoseiraThwaites(Diatomae)inwaterandinsedimentfromFinnishlakesofvaryingtrophicstate
.JournalofPlanktonResearch,21(4):757-770。
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the shortcoming of above-mentioned existence, the present invention is from morphological feature intuitively, and the arc-shaped bend algae chain proportion in all algae chains only need observing and add up the former mutation of particle melosira can judge the nutrition grade of water quality; The requirement of the inventive method to the specified quality of practitioner and plant and instrument is not high, time saving and energy saving, is suitable for crowd wide, has the meaning of popularization and science popularization.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method judging river water quality grade.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
Judge a method for water grade, it is characterized in that: the method is measure the bending shape algae chain quantity of the former mutation of particle melosira in water body to account for the per-cent X of the algae chain quantity of the former mutation of all particle melosiras; If per-cent X < 10%, water quality is I class water quality; If per-cent X is 10%≤X < 20%, water quality is II class water quality; If per-cent X is 20%≤X < 40%, water quality is III class water quality; If per-cent X is 40%≤X < 50%, water quality is IV class water quality; If per-cent X is 50%≤X < 60%, water quality is V class water quality; If per-cent X >=60%, water quality is bad V class water quality.
Further, above-mentioned water quality is surface water quality.
Further, above-mentioned water quality is river water quality.
Further, the bending shape algae chain of the former mutation of above-mentioned particle melosira is the algae chain in an arc-shaped bend, and the bending shape algae chain of effectively metering be can be regarded as in height/span >=0.015.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1) the present invention finds that the former mutation of particle melosira is that the algae chain that bends of arc line shaped accounts for the per-cent of the former mutation of all particle melosiras and rivers Different Nutrition grade water body exists obvious relation between persistence, in the rivers water body of I class water quality, arc line shaped bends the percentage X < 10% in all algae chains shared by algae chain; In the rivers water body of II class water quality, it is 10%≤X < 20% that arc line shaped bends algae chain percentage X; In the rivers water body of III class water quality, it is 20%≤X < 40% that arc line shaped bends algae chain percentage X; In the rivers water body of IV class water quality, it is 40%≤X < 50% that arc line shaped bends algae chain percentage X; In the rivers water body of V class water quality, it is 50%≤X < 60% that arc line shaped bends algae chain percentage X; In the rivers water body of bad V class water quality, arc line shaped bends algae chain percentage X >=60%.
2) the present invention is by observing the microscopic morphology of the former mutation of particle melosira in Different Nutrition grade water body and the measurement of different shape parameter, and the relation compared between different shape parameter and water nutrition grade, finally find that the algae chain of arc-shaped bend accounts for the indicative function of all particle melosira per-cents to water nutrition grade best.Therefore, based on result of the present invention, the per-cent only needing observation and statistics particle melosira former mutation mean line shape to bend algae chain can differentiate the nutrition grade of rivers water body, and simple, efficient, replicability is strong.
3) the present invention is by carrying out microscopic examination to the form of the particle melosira in rivers water body, differentiates and add up the percentage composition of bending algae chain intuitively, thus judges the water quality nutrition grade of investigation river section.The configuration requirement of this method to the specified quality of operator and plant and instrument is not high, and have good practicality, generalization is strong.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is microscopic examination and the morphological parameters instrumentation plan of particle melosira former mutation straight chain form;
Fig. 2 is microscopic examination and the morphological parameters instrumentation plan of particle melosira former mutation arc-shaped bend form;
Fig. 3 is the degree of crook instrumentation plan of particle melosira former mutation arc-shaped bend form.
Embodiment
The present invention studies early stage to being observed by the microscopic morphology of particle melosira in Different Nutrition grade water body and the measurement of different shape parameter, and the relation between more various different shape parameter and water nutrition grade, finally find that arc-shaped bend algae chain accounts for the indicative function of all particle melosira per-cents to water nutrition grade by large quantifier elimination best.
Judge a method for water grade, it is characterized in that: the method is measure the bending shape algae chain quantity of the former mutation of particle melosira in water body to account for the per-cent X of the algae chain quantity of the former mutation of all particle melosiras; If per-cent X < 10%, water quality is I class water quality; If per-cent X is 10%≤X < 20%, water quality is II class water quality; If per-cent X is 20%≤X < 40%, water quality is III class water quality; If per-cent X is 40%≤X < 50%, water quality is IV class water quality; If per-cent X is 50%≤X < 60%, water quality is V class water quality; If per-cent X >=60%, water quality is bad V class water quality.
Preferably, above-mentioned water quality is surface water quality.
Preferably, above-mentioned water quality is river water quality.
Preferably, the bending shape algae chain of the former mutation of above-mentioned particle melosira is the algae chain in an arc-shaped bend, and the bending shape algae chain of effectively metering be can be regarded as in height/span >=0.015.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, but be not limited thereto.
embodiment 1
The present embodiment uses No. 25 plankton nets to carry out trawlnet repeatedly in the water body of investigation river section, and the planktonic algae of collecting is placed in 100 milliliters of polyethylene bottles, and it is liquid-solid fixed to add Lu Geshi, final fixed concentration is 15 ‰.After laboratory taken back by sample, drip with on slide glass with suction pipe sampling, add the laggard row microscopic examination of cover glass, the former mutation quantity of survey record particle melosira and Morphologic Parameters, comprise arc-shaped bend algae chain and account for the per-cent of all particle melosiras, degree of crook (highly/span), cell dia, cell length, algae chain cell count, algae chain length and terminal spine length.The former mutation algae chain sum of statistics >=100 is observed in the algae sample of each river section.After observation terminates, the bending algae chain percentage of statistics, other parameters are averaged.The relation of each parameter and different quality grade is compared, find in the Morphologic Parameters of all acquisitions, arc-shaped bend algae chain per-cent can reflect the water nutrition grade of different rivers section best, and this parameter is the most easily by intuitively differentiating acquisition, without the need to carrying out complexity and measuring accurately.
The present invention is provided with sampling point in 16 river sections of Zhujiang River middle and lower reaches, comprise Fengkai, Deqing, Zhaoqing, Qing Qi, Zuo Tan, off-lying sea, newly enclose, little olive, pulk, northern Kau, olive core, horizontal drop, Chen Cun, city's bridge, Lianhua Shan Mountain and Pearl River Bridge, cover I class to bad V class water quality.Carry out microscopic examination and measurement according to the morphological specificity of technique scheme to the particle melosira of different rivers section, and the per-cent that arc-shaped bend algae chain accounts for all particle melosiras has been added up.
Detected result as shown in Figures 1 to 3, wherein Fig. 1 is microscopic examination and the morphological parameters instrumentation plan of particle melosira former mutation straight chain form, therefrom can find out that the cell of this former mutation is linked to be long catenoid colony closely, linearly type, algae chain two ends tool thorn, algae chain width 23.82 μm, algae chain length 187.33 μm; Fig. 2 is microscopic examination and the morphological parameters instrumentation plan of particle melosira former mutation arc-shaped bend form; Fig. 3 is the degree of crook instrumentation plan of arc-shaped bend form particle melosira; Therefrom can find out that this former mutation is the form of an arc-shaped bend, height 14.28 μm, span 175.51 μm, highly/span value is 0.081, is greater than 0.015.
The detected result of the present embodiment to Zhujiang River middle and lower reaches 16 river section samples is as shown in table 1, the experimental result that the inventive method records is completely the same with the result measured according to national water grade standard " People's Republic of China's water environment quality standard " (GB3838-2002), illustrates that the inventive method has good accuracy for evaluating water grade.
The detected result of table 1 Zhujiang River middle and lower reaches 16 river section samples
Note: arc-shaped bend algae chain per-cent is the per-cent that the former mutation of particle melosira of arc-shaped bend accounts for the former mutation of all particle melosiras.
The present invention is also by the mensuration to other a large amount of different locations water quality, find that particle melosira former mutation is that the per-cent of the algae chain that arc line shaped bends exists with rivers Different Nutrition grade water body and significantly associates, in the rivers water body of I class water quality, arc line shaped bends the percentage X < 10% in all algae chains shared by algae chain; In the rivers water body of II class water quality, it is 10%≤X < 20% that arc line shaped bends algae chain percentage X; In the rivers water body of III class water quality, it is 20%≤X < 40% that arc line shaped bends algae chain percentage X; In the rivers water body of IV class water quality, it is 40%≤X < 50% that arc line shaped bends algae chain percentage X; In the rivers water body of V class water quality, it is 50%≤X < 60% that arc line shaped bends algae chain percentage X; In the rivers water body of bad V class water quality, it is as shown in table 2 that arc line shaped bends algae chain percentage X >=60%().
Table 2 arc line shaped bends the relation between algae chain per-cent and water grade
Note: bending algae chain per-cent is the per-cent that the particle melosira of arc-shaped bend accounts for all particle melosiras.
The above results shows that bending algae chain accounts for percentage composition and the surface water quality nutrition grade close relation of all algae chains.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention's preferably embodiment; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; change, the modification done under other any does not deviate from spirit of the present invention and principle, substitute, combine, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. judge a method for water grade, it is characterized in that: the method is measure the bending shape algae chain quantity of the former mutation of particle melosira in water body to account for the per-cent X of the algae chain quantity of the former mutation of all particle melosiras; If per-cent X < 10%, water quality is I class water quality; If per-cent X is 10%≤X < 20%, water quality is II class water quality; If per-cent X is 20%≤X < 40%, water quality is III class water quality; If per-cent X is 40%≤X < 50%, water quality is IV class water quality; If per-cent X is 50%≤X < 60%, water quality is V class water quality; If per-cent X >=60%, water quality is bad V class water quality.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described water quality is surface water quality.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described water quality is river water quality.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the bending shape algae chain of the described former mutation of particle melosira is the algae chain in an arc-shaped bend, and the bending shape algae chain of effectively metering be can be regarded as in height/span >=0.015.
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| CN201510659509.1A CN105274183B (en) | 2015-10-12 | 2015-10-12 | A method of determining river water quality grade |
| PCT/CN2015/092452 WO2017063206A1 (en) | 2015-10-12 | 2015-10-21 | Method of determining river water quality |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107085083A (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2017-08-22 | 合肥永泰新型建材有限公司 | A kind of quality of river water contamination detection method |
| CN107991449A (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2018-05-04 | 宁波水表股份有限公司 | A kind of water supply detecting and controlling system and method |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102978275A (en) * | 2012-11-14 | 2013-03-20 | 中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所 | Method for judging whether growth of floating algae inhibited by nutrition or not |
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| DE3715114A1 (en) * | 1987-05-06 | 1988-11-17 | Krause Hans | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DETECTING TOXICITY IN SURFACE WATERS AND IN DRINKING AND WATER WATER |
| JP3274541B2 (en) * | 1993-07-06 | 2002-04-15 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Water purification plant management support method and support system |
| CN1664579A (en) * | 2004-12-31 | 2005-09-07 | 湖南大学 | Application of spirogyra in testing toxicity of polluted waste water and testing method thereof |
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- 2015-10-12 CN CN201510659509.1A patent/CN105274183B/en active Active
- 2015-10-21 WO PCT/CN2015/092452 patent/WO2017063206A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102978275A (en) * | 2012-11-14 | 2013-03-20 | 中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所 | Method for judging whether growth of floating algae inhibited by nutrition or not |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
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| YOUNG ET AL: "Quantifying diatom aspirations: Mechanical properties of chain-forming species", 《LIMNOL. OCEANOGR》 * |
| 王超等: "广东长潭水库富营养化与浮游植物分布特征", 《湖泊科学》 * |
| 王超等: "西江颗粒直链藻种群生态特性", 《生态学报》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107085083A (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2017-08-22 | 合肥永泰新型建材有限公司 | A kind of quality of river water contamination detection method |
| CN107991449A (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2018-05-04 | 宁波水表股份有限公司 | A kind of water supply detecting and controlling system and method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| WO2017063206A1 (en) | 2017-04-20 |
| CN105274183B (en) | 2019-01-29 |
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