CN105274156A - Method of preparing microbial oil and microbial oil - Google Patents

Method of preparing microbial oil and microbial oil Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105274156A
CN105274156A CN201510773466.XA CN201510773466A CN105274156A CN 105274156 A CN105274156 A CN 105274156A CN 201510773466 A CN201510773466 A CN 201510773466A CN 105274156 A CN105274156 A CN 105274156A
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microbial oil
oil
content
microbial
method preparing
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汪志明
陆姝欢
李翔宇
田勇
周强
易德伟
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Chia Lung Biological Engineering (wuhan) Co Ltd
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Chia Lung Biological Engineering (wuhan) Co Ltd
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Abstract

A method of preparing microbial oil includes the steps: performing fermenting to obtain an oil-producing microbial fermentation liquor; concentrating the fermentation liquor to obtain concentrated fermentation liquor having a solid content higher than 10%; adjusting pH value of the concentrated fermentation liquor to 5-8.1, adding phospholipase C into the fermentation liquor, controlling the temperature to be 38 DEG C to 51 DEG C, and performing stirring and cutting for 2-6 h; separating an oil phase and an aqueous phase to obtain the microbial oil having a phosphorus content lower than 5ppm. The degumming procedure and the microbial wall-breaking procedure are combined, so that preparation procedures of the oil are decreased and production cost is lowered; further, the degumming procedure is set before the preparation procedure of crude oil, so that the produced crude oil has higher quality. In another aspect, the phospholipase C can hydrolyze glycerol phospholipids into diglyceride, so that the content of the diglyceride in the oil is increased; since the diglyceride has better emulsifying performance, the emulsifying process for preparing microbial oil microcapsules is facilitated, the embedding rate of the microbial oil can also be increased, thus lowering the surface oil content of the microcapsules and improving antioxidation of the microcapsules.

Description

Prepare method and the microbial oil of microbial oil
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method preparing microbial oil and the microbial oil obtained by this preparation method.
Background technology
The acquisition pattern of current microbial oil is obtained obtaining a large amount of microorganism by fermentation by microbial strains, then carries out pre-treatment, obtain microorganism crude oil by organic solvent extraction, precipitation.Containing specific microbial oil composition in this microorganism crude oil, therefore can sell as product on the market.But the impurity of this microorganism crude oil is more, sense organ is also bad, therefore, usually needs further by its refining, the obtained better microbial oil of quality.Oil and fat refining be usually divided into come unstuck, alkali refining, decolouring, the operation such as deodorization, wherein coming unstuck is the basis of whole oil refining process, and Main Function removes phosphatide (hydrated phospholipid and non-hydratable phospholipid) the class material in grease.Tradition Degumming method is divided into Physical and chemical method, mainly by consuming a large amount of chemical substances such as water, acid, alkali, removes the colloids such as the phosphatide in grease.Its technique is relatively simple, but easily causes the detrimentally affects such as phosphatide removal effect is poor, oil loss too much, generation waste water is many, oil quality is unstable.Enzymatic degumming is a kind of efficient, economic, free of contamination Degumming method, and it is the Phospholipid hydrolase utilizing fermentable to extract, and catalyze phospholipid is hydrolyzed.Compared with traditional degumming technology, enzymatic degumming technique has that dephosphorization effect is good, refining consumption is little, energy consumption is low, produce few, the yield advantages of higher of sewage.Just develop as far back as people such as 20 middle of century Rohm the enzymatic degumming technique utilizing phospholipase A, adopt a kind of Phospholipase A2 extracted from Pancreas Sus domestica at that time, technique that this method is called " Enzymax ".But due to the defect in the limited source of Phospholipase A2, expensive and performance, enzymatic degumming is never applied on a large scale.In recent years, along with the innovation of zymin technology, while phospholipase A activity promotes, cost is also significantly reduced, and uses the technique that phospholipase A comes unstuck to come into one's own gradually, emerges a large amount of patent and research paper.
Patent CN102936533A discloses a kind of method that enzymatic degumming refines silybum marianum seed oil, comprise the following steps: silybum marianum seed obtains Silymarin crude oil through squeezing or leaching method, utilize suspended impurity different from the density of grease, under natural static condition, or Silymarin crude oil is kept 1h in 50 DEG C of loft drier, impurity is separated with grease, filters, obtained crude oil.Adopt Phospholipid hydrolase to carry out degumming process to Silymarin crude oil, then carry out depickling, decolouring, deodorization, obtain refining silybum marianum seed oil.This invention also uses silica gel to carry out decoloration and deodorization process as sorbent material, avoids the high-temperature vacuum decolouring in traditional technology and high-temperature vacuum deodorization process, decreases the loss of effective constituent in silybum marianum seed oil, shorten technical process.
Patent CN101323815 adds 0.01% ~ 0.02% mixing enzyme preparation when carrying out enzymatic degumming reaction prepares the rapeseed oil that phosphorus content is less than 5ppm, wherein mixing enzyme preparation be by Phospholipase A2 and LecitaseUltra formulated according to the volume ratio of 1:1.The method is simpler than using single enzyme to carry out the technique of enzymatic degumming, and reduces the grease that separating for several times brings and lose, the investment cost of the equipment of minimizing and later stage energy consumption.
But existing enzymatic degumming technique is all carried out after obtained crude oil.In conjunction with the feature of enzymolysis broken wall and enzymatic degumming technique in fermentation process, the present invention considers Degumming Procedures to combine with microorganism broken wall operation, reduces the preparation section of grease on the one hand, improves yield and the quality of grease on the other hand.Further, use Phospholipase C effectively can improve the content of triglyceride in grease, promote the emulsifying property of grease, be conducive to embedding.
Summary of the invention
It is simple that main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of operation, the method preparing microbial oil of excellent product quality.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of quality and the excellent microbial oil of emulsifying property.
For realizing above-mentioned main purpose, the invention provides the method preparing microbial oil, comprising the steps: that fermentation obtains the micro-raw fermented liquid of produce oil; Fermented liquid is concentrated, obtain solid content higher than 10% concentrated broth; The pH value of concentrated broth is regulated between 5 ~ 8.1, then in fermented liquid, adds Phospholipase C, temperature is controlled carry out stirring, shearing 2 ~ 6h between 38 DEG C ~ 51 DEG C; Be separated oil phase and aqueous phase, obtain the microbial oil of phosphorus content lower than 5ppm.
The method that the present invention prepares microbial oil has following beneficial effect: Degumming Procedures combined with microorganism broken wall operation, thus reduces the preparation section of grease, reduces production cost; Further, by preposition for degumming technology in the preparation section of crude oil, make the crude oil quality produced higher.On the other hand, glyceryl phosphatide can be hydrolyzed into triglyceride by Phospholipase C, thus the content of triglyceride in raising grease, because triglyceride has good emulsifying property, it not only has promoter action to the emulsion process preparing microbial oil grease microcapsule, the embedding rate of microbial oil can also be improved, and then the surface oil content of microcapsule can be reduced, improve the resistance of oxidation of microcapsule.
Further, in step (1), described oleaginous microorganism comprise yeast, schizochytrium limacinum, dino flagellate, microballoon algae, thraustochytriale, it is more extensive that this embodies preparation method's range of application of the present invention.
Further, in step (3), add in Sumizyme MP, chitinase, helicase further one or more.The effect of this class of enzymes mainly promotes the fragmentation of cell walls, thus improves the productive rate of grease.
For realizing another object above-mentioned, the invention provides a kind of microbial oil, the content of triglyceride level is not higher than 95%, and diglyceride content is not less than 3%, and phosphorus content is lower than 5ppm.
Microbial oil of the present invention has following beneficial effect: the phosphorus content in grease is low, and the quality of grease is better.On the other hand, containing appropriate triglyceride in grease, therefore there is good emulsifying property, the embedding rate of microbial oil can be improved, reduce the surface oil content of microcapsule, improve the resistance of oxidation of microcapsule.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific examples, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
Using dino flagellate as fermented bacterium, follow these steps to operation successively:
(1) fermentation obtains the microbial fermentation solution being rich in docosahexenoic acid;
(2) by after the process of above-mentioned fermentation liquor whizzer, obtaining solid content is 25.1% concentrated broth;
(3) getting this concentrated broth of 500g puts in the glass reaction bottle of 1L, and adjust ph to 8.01, adds 1.01g Sumizyme MP, temperature control 45 DEG C, and shear 2h, then add 2.5g Phospholipase C, further stirring reaction 2h, obtains enzymolysis solution.
(4) above-mentioned enzymolysis solution is warming up to 97 DEG C, then uses the supercentrifuge of 10000rpm centrifugal, isolate upper oil phase and carry out vacuum hydro-extraction, obtain the microbial oil that 41.3g is rich in docosahexenoic acid.
(5) after testing, in this microbial oil, phosphorus content is 1.9ppm, and the content of triglyceride level is 90.9%, and the content of triglyceride is 6.3%.
Embodiment 2
Using microballoon algae as fermented bacterium, follow these steps to operation successively:
(1) fermentation obtains the microbial fermentation solution being rich in timnodonic acid;
(2) by after above-mentioned fermentation liquor membrane sepn, obtaining solid content is 17.1% concentrated broth;
(3) getting this concentrated broth of 5kg puts in the glass reaction still of 25L, and adjust ph to 7.01 adds 5.1g Sumizyme MP, 5.1g helicase, temperature control 51 DEG C, 10g Phospholipase C, and stirring, cleavage reaction 4h, obtain enzymolysis solution.
(4) in enzymolysis solution, add 10L normal hexane and 5L extraction using alcohol 1h, sedimentation must be separated and be extracted liquid, and extraction liquid is carried out vacuum desolvation, obtains the microbial oil that 377.3g is rich in timnodonic acid.
(5) after testing, in this microbial oil, phosphorus content is 1.7ppm, and the content of triglyceride level is 92.7%, and the content of triglyceride is 5.1%.
Embodiment 3
Using yeast as fermented bacterium, follow these steps to operation successively:
(1) linolenic microbial fermentation solution is rich in acquisition of fermenting;
(2) by after centrifugal for above-mentioned fermentation liquor, obtaining solid content is 29.7% concentrated broth;
(3) getting this concentrated broth of 51kg puts in 300L reactor, adjust ph to 5, and temperature control 48 DEG C, adds 100.5g helicase, 127.5g Phospholipase C, stirs, shears 2h, obtain enzymolysis solution.
(4) in above-mentioned enzymolysis solution, add 100L normal hexane and 50L extraction using alcohol 1.5h, be settlement separately extracted liquid, extraction liquid is carried out vacuum desolvation, obtains 4179.1g and be rich in linolenic microbial oil.
(5) after testing, in this microbial oil, phosphorus content is 2.9ppm, and the content of triglyceride level is 94.1%, and the content of triglyceride is 3.9%.
Embodiment 4
Take Thraustochytrium aureum as fermented bacterium, follow these steps to operation successively:
(1) fermentation obtains the microbial fermentation solution being rich in docosahexenoic acid;
(2) by after above-mentioned fermentation liquor centrifuging treatment, obtaining solid content is 10% concentrated broth;
(3) getting this concentrated broth of 150kg puts in the reactor of 500L, and adjust ph to 7.1 adds 300g Sumizyme MP, 225.1g chitinase, temperature control 45 DEG C, and 150g Phospholipase C, stirring reaction 5h, obtains enzymolysis solution.
(4) in above-mentioned enzymolysis solution, 150L hexane and 100L ethanol is added, stirring reaction 1.5h, centrifugal through butterfly centrifugal machine, the oil phase obtained is carried out vacuum desolvation, obtains the microbial oil that 6973.9g is rich in docosahexenoic acid.
(5) after testing, in this microbial oil, phosphorus content is 4.9ppm, and the content of triglyceride level is 94.7%, and the content of triglyceride is 3.1%.
Embodiment 5
Take schizochytrium limacinum as fermented bacterium, follow these steps to operation successively:
(1) fermentation obtains the microbial fermentation solution being rich in docosahexenoic acid and clupanodonic acid;
(2) by after above-mentioned fermentation liquor centrifugal treating, obtaining solid content is 25.9% concentrated broth;
(3) getting this concentrated broth of 500kg puts in 1000L reactor, and adjust ph to 8.1, adds 1000.5g Sumizyme MP, 750.3g Phospholipase C, temperature control 45 DEG C, stirring reaction 6h, obtains enzymolysis solution.
(4) above-mentioned enzymolysis solution is warming up to 95 DEG C, then centrifugal through 12000rpm butterfly centrifugal machine, the oil phase obtained is carried out vacuum hydro-extraction, obtains the microbial oil that 45.9kg is rich in docosahexenoic acid and clupanodonic acid.
(5) after testing, in this microbial oil, phosphorus content is 2.1ppm, and the content of triglyceride level is 92.9%, and the content of triglyceride is 5.1%.
In above embodiment, the consumption of Phospholipase C is more, and dephosphorization effect is better, but production cost is also higher.Find after contriver's test of many times, under the mass ratio of Phospholipase C and concentrated broth is less than the condition of 0.5%, time particularly between 0.1% to 0.5%, production efficiency and production cost can be taken into account simultaneously.On the other hand, when the mass ratio of Phospholipase C and concentrated broth is when being less than 0.1%, also can prepare the microbial oil of phosphorus content lower than 5ppm, but the efficiency of now producing is for being a greater impact.In this specification sheets embodiment, the mass ratio of Phospholipase C and concentrated broth is after combining the many factors such as production efficiency and production cost, the preferred proportion enumerated.

Claims (10)

1. prepare the method for microbial oil, comprise the steps:
(1) fermentation obtains oleaginous microorganism fermented liquid;
(2) fermented liquid is concentrated, obtain solid content higher than 10% concentrated broth;
(3) the concentrated broth pH value that step (2) obtains is adjusted between 5 ~ 8.1, then in fermented liquid, adds appropriate Phospholipase C, temperature is controlled stir fermented liquid between 38 DEG C ~ 51 DEG C and shear;
(4) be separated oil phase and aqueous phase, obtain the microbial oil of phosphorus content lower than 5ppm.
2. the method preparing microbial oil according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described microbial oil comprises linolenic acid, timnodonic acid, clupanodonic acid and docosahexenoic acid.
3. the method preparing microbial oil according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (1), and described oleaginous microorganism is unicellular microorganism.
4. the method preparing microbial oil according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (1), and described oleaginous microorganism is yeast, schizochytrium limacinum, dino flagellate, microballoon algae, thraustochytriale.
5. the method preparing microbial oil according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (3), and the addition of phospholipase A and the mass ratio of concentrated broth, preferably not higher than 0.5%, are more preferably between 0.1% to 0.5%.
6. the method preparing microbial oil according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (3), adds one or more in Sumizyme MP, chitinase, helicase further.
7. the method preparing microbial oil according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (3), and stirring and shear time are 2 ~ 6h.
8. the method preparing microbial oil according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (4), do not use separated from solvent oil phase and aqueous phase.
9. the method preparing microbial oil according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (4), uses separated from solvent oil phase and aqueous phase.
10. a microbial oil, is characterized in that: the content of triglyceride level is not higher than 95%, and diglyceride content is not less than 3%, and phosphorus content is lower than 5ppm.
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CN105925627A (en) * 2014-03-14 2016-09-07 嘉必优生物技术(武汉)股份有限公司 Microbial oil and preparation method thereof
CN106318985A (en) * 2016-08-24 2017-01-11 嘉必优生物技术(武汉)股份有限公司 Microbial lipid
CN107099561A (en) * 2017-07-04 2017-08-29 南京工业大学 A kind of Solventless Extraction Process containing docosahexaenoic acid grease

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105925627A (en) * 2014-03-14 2016-09-07 嘉必优生物技术(武汉)股份有限公司 Microbial oil and preparation method thereof
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CN107099561A (en) * 2017-07-04 2017-08-29 南京工业大学 A kind of Solventless Extraction Process containing docosahexaenoic acid grease

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