CN105259495B - A kind of primary cut-out operating mechanism state evaluating method optimized based on divide-shut brake coil current characteristic quantity - Google Patents
A kind of primary cut-out operating mechanism state evaluating method optimized based on divide-shut brake coil current characteristic quantity Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of primary cut-out operating mechanism state evaluating method optimized based on divide-shut brake coil current characteristic quantity, for coil current characteristic quantity dimension during primary cut-out operating mechanism state estimation it is too high the problem of, it is proposed that a kind of characteristic quantity optimization method based on Pearson correlation coefficients.Pearson correlation coefficients matrix is constructed using the coil current characteristic quantity of extraction, by analyzing the correlation between 8 characteristic quantities of coil current, and characteristic quantity optimization is carried out, obtains the characteristic quantity with compared with high-class ability.Characteristic quantity input neutral net after optimization is carried out to the state estimation of primary cut-out operating mechanism, amount of calculation and the calculating time of evaluation process can be simplified.Instance analysis shows that characteristic quantity optimization method effectively reduces the dimension of characteristic quantity, simplifies grader structure, and reached comparatively ideal primary cut-out operating mechanism state estimation effect with less characteristic quantity.
Description
Technical field
It is excellent based on divide-shut brake coil current characteristic quantity the present invention relates to primary cut-out operating mechanism fault diagnosis field
The primary cut-out operating mechanism state estimation of change.
Background technology
Primary cut-out is the important protection of power system and control device, and its operational reliability directly affects operation of power networks
Reliability, the normal operation of the reliability service of primary cut-out to power system plays vital effect.According to authority
Mechanism-trouble proportion is even as high as 40% or so in mechanism the survey showed that various primary cut-out failures, so actuating
The reliability of mechanism is to influence one of key factor of primary cut-out reliability.The status monitoring of high-voltage breaker operation mechanism
It is the effective ways for improving primary cut-out operating mechanism reliability service, point/closing coil current waveform can reflect exactly
The part running status of high-voltage breaker operation mechanism, therefore the characteristic quantity of coil current waveform is extracted to primary cut-out actuating
Mechanism status, which is assessed, to have great importance.The method for extracting coil current waveform characteristic quantity at present lacks the pass characteristic quantity
System and significance level analysis, the characteristic quantity of extraction is not also optimized so that state estimation process is complicated.Therefore limit to open circuit
The further analysis of device operating mechanism running status, so the characteristic quantity data to extraction carry out dimensionality reduction optimization processing, rejects tool
There is the characteristic quantity of strong correlation, so as to solve the problem of correlation is relatively strong between characteristic quantity and calculates complicated so that height is broken
Road device operating mechanism state estimation structure is simpler；
Primary cut-out operating mechanism coil current waveform can reflect electromagnet for controlling switch in itself and the lock bolt that is controlled
Or valve and be attached thereto switch operation mechanism, the working condition of auxiliary contact in operation.Operating mechanism division
The operation principle of lock process is identical, and its coil current waveform is also similar.Here analyzed by taking closing coil current waveform as an example.
Operating mechanism closing coil electric current typical waveform as shown in Figure 1, can be by electromagnetism according to closing coil current waveform
The motion process of iron dynamic iron core is divided into 5 stages, is respectively：
t0~t1Stage：t0Moment, closing coil is powered, and has electric current to pass through in coil, because now electric current is smaller, is produced
Raw magnetic flux is also smaller, and the electromagnetic force that dynamic iron core is subject to is insufficient to allow dynamic iron core to move, therefore dynamic iron core position keeps constant.Now
Air gap is maximum, and inductance is minimum.The stage coil voltage is bigger, the steeper slopes that its electric current rises, and reaches the time of current peak
Shorter, the peak value of electric current is also bigger；Control loop resistance is bigger, and its time constant is just smaller, and the coil current rate of rise will
Diminish so that reach the time lengthening of current peak, peak point current will be with diminishing；Idle stroke is bigger, and the inductance of dynamic iron core is got over
Small, time constant is also just smaller, and the speed that electric current rises will increase also with quickening, current peak；
t1~t2Stage：t1Moment, dynamic iron core setting in motion.With the motion of iron core, magnetic air gap reduces, air-gap reluctance
Reduce, coil inductance increase, coil current is gradually reduced.t2Moment, iron core movement velocity reaches maximum, and iron core is moved in place,
Lance hits combined floodgate trigger, stop motion.If dynamic iron core has bite, t will be extended0~t1Duration；Electromagnet
Sound iron core adhesive bad (clean or faying face is not uneven with reference to plane) will extend t1~t2Duration.According to this rank
Section duration and current waveform situation of change, which can be analyzed, judges that the moving component of dynamic iron core whether there is bite, thread off or release
The failures such as energy mechanical load change；
t2~t3Stage：t2Moment, dynamic iron core is moved in place, and lance hits combined floodgate trigger stop motion, and stored energy mechanism is opened
Begin to discharge energy storage, and then moving contact in high voltage breaker starts action.This stage dynamic iron core is motionless, and magnetic air gap is constant, and magnetic resistance is not
Become, inductance is constant.Coil current exponentially rises, and after the transient process that overcurrent rises, electric current is not further added by, and is entered
Enter the current stabilization stage；
t3~t4Stage：t3Moment, moving contact in high voltage breaker starts action, coil current approximation steady state.t4Moment high pressure
Auxiliary switch for circuit breaker contact disconnects coil power voltage.Stage coil current I3、I4Big I reflection coil voltage and control
The size of loop resistance processed；
t4~t5Stage：t4Moment, primary cut-out auxiliary contact cut-out wire loop dc source, auxiliary contact it
Between produce and electric arc and elongated rapidly, arc voltage rise reduces electric current, until arc extinction, coil current is reduced to zero.
If auxiliary switch contact can not normal conversion, coil power can not be cut off, coil will be made to be powered always, line is finally burnt out
Circle；
Analyzed according to above-mentioned coil current waveform, coil current can reflect primary cut-out part operation conditions, Ke Yitong
Monitoring and analysis to operating mechanism point/closing coil current waveform are crossed, primary cut-out operating mechanism running status is assessed.
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of high pressure open circuit optimized based on divide-shut brake coil current characteristic quantity for the content of the invention
Device operating mechanism state evaluating method.The relation and significance level between characteristic quantity are analyzed, dimensionality reduction optimization processing is carried out to characteristic quantity,
Simplify primary cut-out operating mechanism state estimation process.Above-mentioned purpose is realized by following technical scheme：
1. a kind of primary cut-out operating mechanism state evaluating method optimized based on divide-shut brake coil current characteristic quantity, its
It is characterized in：This method comprises the following steps：
(1) operating mechanism divide-shut brake coil electricity is obtained according to the detection of primary cut-out operating mechanism acting characteristic test equipment
The wavy curve of stream is as shown in figure 1, by analyzing circuit breaker operation mechanism divide-shut brake coil current waveform situation of change, waveform
Curve is divided into 5 changes phases, and we can extract 8 flex point data as the characteristic point data of curve, i.e. coil from curve
Current parameters { I1, I2, I3And time parameter { t1, t2, t3, t4, t5}；
(2) divide-shut brake coil current characteristic quantity optimizes
Coil current waveform is obtained by operating mechanism acting characteristic test equipment, and extracts the offline loop current 8 of each state
Individual characteristic quantity, the correlation between 8 characteristic quantities is analyzed below with Pearson correlation coefficients, obtains having compared with high-class ability
Characteristic quantity：
1. the extraction of coil current characteristic quantity, its step includes：A, the coil current primary signal to collection carry out small echo
Denoising, eliminates interference signal, obtains the coil current signal after denoising；B, using wavelet transformation detect sign mutation point,
Extract 8 characteristic quantities of coil current waveform；
2. 8 characteristic quantities are obtained by wavelet transformation, dimension is higher so that state estimation process is relative complex.And these
There is certain correlation between characteristic quantity, dimensionality reduction optimization processing can be carried out to it.It can be sent out using Pearson correlation coefficients
The variable being relative to each other in a series of existing variables, rejects the higher variable of correlation, reaches the purpose of dimensionality reduction optimization.Construct first
Feature moment matrix M, M are：
Wherein, xijThe amount of being characterized, i=1..m, j=1 ... n, m are sample number, the n amount of being characterized numbers.Pierre between characteristic quantity
Gloomy coefficient correlation computational methods are as follows：
In formula,The average of two characteristic variables, x are represented respectivelyij∈ [- 1,1],
I, j=1 ... n, Mki,MkjFor two characteristic variable sizes.rijThe strong and weak degree of linear correlation, r between two characteristic variables of expressionij's
Correlation is stronger between absolute value shows more greatly variable, works as rijWhen=0, show that two characteristic variables are uncorrelated.Calculate special according to formula (2)
The Pearson correlation coefficients between each row in moment matrix M are levied, the Pearson correlation coefficients matrix P for obtaining matrix M is：
3. the characteristic quantity input neutral net after optimization is subjected to high-voltage circuit-breaker status assessment.
Beneficial effect：
8 characteristic quantities in primary cut-out operating mechanism closing coil current signal are extracted as initial characteristic data,
Obtain characterizing the principal character amount of coil current by Pearson correlation coefficients, eliminate the redundancy letter in primitive character parameter
Breath, specify that has the characteristic parameter of more important meaning to state classification, sets up neutral net, and operating mechanism state is commented
Estimate.Prove that the method can assess the part running status of primary cut-out operating mechanism through instance analysis.This method has one
Fixed practicality, may be used among specific engineering practice.
Brief description of the drawings：
Accompanying drawing 1 is the reference waveform figure of primary cut-out operating mechanism closing coil electric current of the present invention；
Accompanying drawing 2 is the emulation experiment flow chart of primary cut-out operating mechanism state estimation of the present invention；
Accompanying drawing 3 is actual classification of the present invention and prediction comparison of classification figure.
Embodiment：
Embodiment：
Primary cut-out fault simulation experiment is carried out in certain primary cut-out operating mechanism manufacturer, with model
LW34-40.5 spring operating mechanism is research object.Extract the coil current characteristic quantity after Wavelet Denoising Method and be used as operating mechanism
The characteristic quantity of state estimation.35 groups of sample datas are extracted altogether, and the primary cut-out operating mechanism state that can be characterized has mechanism normal
(A), operation power too low (B), incipient stage unshakable in one's determination of closing a floodgate have bite (C), operating mechanism to have bite (D), idle stroke mistake unshakable in one's determination
(E), auxiliary switch act loose contact (F) 6 kinds of states greatly.Using Pearson correlation coefficients Matrix Analysis Method to above-mentioned 8
Individual characteristic quantity carries out correlation analysis, it is generally recognized that it is significantly correlated that correlation coefficient value, which is more than 0.5, is lower correlation less than 0.5,
The Pearson correlation coefficients of closing coil current characteristic amount can be drawn from table 1, { I1, I2, I3}、{t1, t2, t3And { t4,
t5Three set have very high correlation respectively.Therefore it may only be necessary to select I1、t1And t5Three characteristic quantities just can be at utmost
Coil current feature is represented, the Pearson correlation coefficients result calculated between characteristic quantity is as shown in table 1, table 2 is the closing line extracted
Loop current test sample characteristic quantity and corresponding primary cut-out operating mechanism Status Type.
The Pearson correlation coefficients of the closing coil current characteristic amount of table 1
| I1 | I2 | I3 | t1 | t2 | t3 | t4 | t5 | |
| I1 | 1 | 0.9247 | 0.9623 | 0.2435 | 0.3686 | 0.3585 | 0.4414 | 0.3785 |
| I2 | 0.9247 | 1 | 0.9442 | 0.2046 | 0.2624 | 0.2960 | 0.4070 | 0.3036 |
| I3 | 0.9623 | 0.9442 | 1 | 0.3636 | 0.4529 | 0.4636 | 0.5068 | 0.4332 |
| t1 | 0.2435 | 0.2046 | 0.3636 | 1 | 0.9050 | 0.9800 | 0.7496 | 0.7502 |
| t2 | 0.3686 | 0.2624 | 0.4529 | 0.9050 | 1 | 0.9256 | 0.6084 | 0.6179 |
| t3 | 0.3585 | 0.2960 | 0.4636 | 0.9800 | 0.9256 | 1 | 0.7884 | 0.7951 |
| t4 | 0.4414 | 0.4070 | 0.5068 | 0.7496 | 0.6084 | 0.7884 | 1 | 0.9746 |
| t5 | 0.3785 | 0.3036 | 0.4332 | 0.7502 | 0.6179 | 0.7951 | 0.9746 | 1 |
The 2-in-1 brake cable loop current test sample characteristic quantity of table and corresponding primary cut-out operating mechanism Status Type
| Sequence number | I1/A | t1/ms | t5/ms | State tag |
| 1 | 1.62 | 24.57 | 50.02 | A |
| 2 | 1.61 | 24.51 | 50.30 | A |
| 3 | 1.61 | 29.99 | 56.08 | B |
| 4 | 1.60 | 30.10 | 56.00 | B |
| 5 | 1.60 | 24.28 | 54.39 | C |
| 6 | 1.59 | 24.25 | 54.29 | C |
| 7 | 1.23 | 23.93 | 50.01 | D |
| 8 | 1.29 | 23.76 | 49.98 | D |
| 9 | 1.60 | 24.12 | 49.77 | E |
| 10 | 1.60 | 24.05 | 49.69 | E |
| 11 | 1.61 | 23.88 | 52.20 | F |
| 12 | 1.63 | 23.91 | 52.11 | F |
The constructing neural network in MATLAB environment, wherein, the input node number of plies is 3, and node in hidden layer is 2, output
Node layer number is 6.The I of 23 groups of data is chosen from 35 groups of data1、t1And t5As training set, remaining 12 groups of data are (such as the institute of table 2
Show) in I1、t1And t5As test set, emulation experiment flow chart is as shown in Figure 2.Using the neutral net trained to surveying
Examination collection sample carries out class test, test set totally 12 groups of data, wherein 2 groups of normal condition, two groups of data of every kind of malfunction, with
Training set data is not overlapping, and actual classification is with predicting comparison of classification test result as shown in Figure 3.From accompanying drawing 3 as can be seen that surveying
Examination concentrates 12 groups of test data classification results consistent with the classification results of concrete class.Show excellent through Pearson correlation coefficients dimensionality reduction
Coil current characteristic quantity after change, which can be realized, correctly to be assessed primary cut-out operating mechanism state.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of primary cut-out operating mechanism state evaluating method optimized based on divide-shut brake coil current characteristic quantity, its feature
It is：This method comprises the following steps：
(1) operating mechanism divide-shut brake coil current is obtained according to the detection of primary cut-out operating mechanism acting characteristic test equipment
Wavy curve, by analyzing circuit breaker operation mechanism divide-shut brake coil current waveform situation of change, is divided into 5 changes by wavy curve
In the change stage, 8 data are extracted from curve as the characteristic of curve, 8 characteristic quantity data are coil current parameter respectively
{I1, I2, I3And time parameter { t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, I1For the corresponding electric current of first flex point of divide-shut brake coil current waveform
Value, I2For the corresponding current value of second flex point of divide-shut brake coil current waveform, I3For divide-shut brake coil current waveform, the 3rd is turned
The corresponding current value of point, t1,t2,t3,t4,t5Respectively first flex point of divide-shut brake coil current waveform, second flex point, the 3rd
At the time of individual flex point, the 4th flex point and electric current drop to corresponding when 0；
(2) divide-shut brake coil current characteristic quantity optimizes
Coil current waveform is obtained by operating mechanism acting characteristic test equipment, and extracts each state 8 spies of offline loop current
The amount of levying, the correlation between 8 characteristic quantities is analyzed below with Pearson correlation coefficients, obtains the feature with compared with high-class ability
Amount：
1. the extraction of coil current characteristic quantity, its step includes：A, the coil current primary signal to collection carry out Wavelet Denoising Method
Processing, eliminates interference signal, obtains the coil current signal after denoising；B, using wavelet transformation detect sign mutation point, extract
8 characteristic quantities of coil current waveform；8 characteristic quantities are obtained by wavelet transformation, dimension is higher so that state estimation process phase
To complexity, and there is certain correlation between these characteristic quantities, dimensionality reduction optimization processing can be carried out to it, Pearson's phase is utilized
Relation number can be found that a series of variable being relative to each other in variables, rejects the higher variable of correlation, reaches dimensionality reduction optimization
Purpose；Constructing feature moment matrix M, M first is：
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Relation number calculating method is as follows：
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<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>3</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
3. the characteristic quantity input neutral net after optimization is subjected to high-voltage circuit-breaker status assessment.
2. the primary cut-out operating mechanism state according to claim 1 optimized based on divide-shut brake coil current characteristic quantity
Appraisal procedure, it is characterized in that：The described coil current primary signal to collection carries out Wavelet Denoising Method processing and uses small echo
Change detection sign mutation point extracts characteristic point, obtains 8 characteristic quantities of coil current waveform, including three magnitude of current I1、I2、
I3With five time quantum t1、t2、t3、t4、t5, this 8 characteristic quantities contain all key messages of coil current waveform.
3. the primary cut-out operating mechanism state according to claim 1 optimized based on divide-shut brake coil current characteristic quantity
Appraisal procedure, it is characterized in that：Described characteristic quantity optimization be 8 characteristic quantities by extraction after normalized, utilize skin
Ademilson correlation matrix analysis method carries out correlation analysis to above-mentioned 8 characteristic quantities, obtains the skin of coil current characteristic quantity
Ademilson coefficient correlation；It has been generally acknowledged that it is significantly correlated that Pearson correlation coefficients value, which is more than 0.5, it is lower correlation less than 0.5, from line
Correlation very high characteristic quantity is removed in loop current wave character amount, only retains incoherent characteristic quantity at utmost to represent line
Loop current feature.
4. the primary cut-out operating mechanism state according to claim 1 optimized based on divide-shut brake coil current characteristic quantity
Appraisal procedure, it is characterized in that：Characteristic quantity input neutral net after optimization is subjected to high-voltage circuit-breaker status assessment, it is final to simplify
Grader structure, reflects primary cut-out operating mechanism state with less characteristic quantity.
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| CN105718958B (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2018-09-21 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司检修分公司 | Circuit breaker failure diagnostic method based on linear discriminant analysis and support vector machines |
| CN105606997B (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2018-04-24 | 国家电网公司 | Mechanical failure diagnostic method for the high-voltage breaker operation mechanism of electric system |
| CN105974304A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-09-28 | 山东科技大学 | Fault diagnosis method for engaging and disengaging coil of circuit breaker |
| CN105891708B (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2018-07-10 | 四川大学 | High-voltage circuitbreaker operating mechanism status assessment based on ANFIS |
| CN106291343B (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2018-11-23 | 河南森源电气股份有限公司 | The method and system of vacuum circuit breaker status monitoring are carried out using division brake current |
| CN106707153A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-05-24 | 北京合纵科技股份有限公司 | FOA-RBF based high-voltage circuit breaker fault diagnosis method |
| CN107067024B (en) * | 2017-02-03 | 2018-06-19 | 江苏省电力试验研究院有限公司 | Mechanical state of high-voltage circuit breaker recognition methods |
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| CN110542851A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-12-06 | 广州供电局有限公司 | Fault diagnosis method and device for circuit breaker operating mechanism, computer and storage medium |
| CN111797524B (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2022-06-17 | 天津工业大学 | Full-automatic optimization design method for electromagnetic operating mechanism of circuit breaker |
| CN111913103B (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2022-11-08 | 国网福建省电力有限公司 | Fault detection method for spring energy storage operating structure circuit breaker |
| CN113191192A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-07-30 | 云南电网有限责任公司玉溪供电局 | Breaker fault detection method based on wavelet analysis and fuzzy neural network algorithm |
| CN116774024B (en) * | 2023-05-24 | 2024-01-23 | 三峡金沙江川云水电开发有限公司 | Intelligent monitoring method and system for SF6 circuit breaker state |
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