CN105259366A - Measuring device and method for seepage flow velocity - Google Patents
Measuring device and method for seepage flow velocity Download PDFInfo
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- CN105259366A CN105259366A CN201510724903.9A CN201510724903A CN105259366A CN 105259366 A CN105259366 A CN 105259366A CN 201510724903 A CN201510724903 A CN 201510724903A CN 105259366 A CN105259366 A CN 105259366A
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a measuring device and method for seepage flow velocity. The measuring device includes a sensor, an excitation source, a sampling resistor, a signal modulation module, an analog-digital transformation module, a single-chip microcomputer, a timer, a display and communication module, a two-way switch and an electrolysis power source. The sensor includes a conductivity electrode and an electrolysis electrode. The measuring method includes the steps as follows: 1) mounting the sensor; 2) transmitting a measuring command to the single-chip computer; 3) setting measuring parameters; 4) starting up the timer for timing, 5) measuring electric conductance, and displaying and transmitting data; 6) opening the two-way switch, and closing the two-way switch when the set power-on time is up; 7) closing the analog-digital transformation module when the interval time is up, and stopping the timing; 8) searching peak after filtering so as to acquire the peak flowing out time, and calculating out the measuring flow velocity; 9) calculating out the actual flow velocity; 10) displaying the measuring result. The method that the ionic pulse is generated through electrolytic polarization for tracking, can be used for measuring ground water movement without a dispensing device, and is low in cost by comparing with an optical fiber type temperature measuring seepage monitoring system.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to seepage flow and ground water movement observation field, be specifically related to a kind of measurement mechanism and method of seepage velocity.
Background technology
Seepage flow flows to, flow velocity is Geotechnical Engineering, the very important parameter in hydrogeological field, and the research for relevant issues such as Contaminants Transport, oil and gas development, soil erosions is also significant.Tradition trace method, because tracer agent mostly is dyestuff or electrolyte solution, needs special administration device, and the longer distance in the necessary interval of dispensing point and measuring position, be difficult to into and be designed to integrated transducer realization monitoring continuously; Thermal trace is changed by measuring tempeature field, determines seepage velocity, the flow direction, and optical fiber type thermometric seepage monitoring system belongs to its Typical Representative of this type, and because optical fiber type thermometric seepage monitoring system needs at monitoring range inner ply fiber, therefore cost is higher.Therefore, seepage monitoring is in the urgent need to a kind of measurement mechanism with low cost and method.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, for existing seepage monitoring above shortcomings, provides a kind of electrolytic polarization that utilizes without administration device to produce measurement mechanism and the method for the seepage velocity of ion pulse spike.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the employing of its technical matters is:
A kind of measurement mechanism of seepage velocity, comprise sensor, driving source, sampling resistor, signal madulation module, analog to digital conversion module, single-chip microcomputer, timer, display and communication module, two-way switch and electrolysis power, sensor comprises conductance electrode and electrolysis electrode, be connected with the input end of conductance electrode and signal madulation module after driving source connects sampling resistor, the output terminal of signal madulation module and analog to digital conversion model calling, single-chip microcomputer and analog to digital conversion module, timer, display is connected with communication module and two-way switch, electrolysis power is connected with electrolysis electrode through two-way switch.
By such scheme, described conductance electrode is used for the change of perception solution conductivity, and electrolysis electrode is used for producing electrolysis polarization in the solution, and conductance electrode and electrolysis electrode form by row's pin of two spacing 0.1 ~ 10mm.
By such scheme, described driving source is used for providing bipolar square wave power supply in conductance measurement process, described sampling resistor is used for, in conductance measurement process, the change of the solution conductivity of conductance electrode perception is converted to bipolar voltage signal, the bipolar voltage signal that described signal madulation module is used for sampling resistor obtains is converted to d. c. voltage signal, when described analog to digital conversion module is used for conductance measurement, the d. c. voltage signal that signal madulation module exports is converted to digital signal, described timer is for controlling electrolysis time in timing during conductance measurement and electrolysis electrode electrolytic process, described single-chip microcomputer is used for controlling and coordinating whole conductance measurement process, described electrolysis power is used in electrolytic process, provide galvanic current source, described two-way switch is for controlling beginning and the end of electrolytic process, described display and communication module, for showing reception MCU Instruction, conductance measurement data are carried out showing and being sent to host computer.
By such scheme, described driving source comprises two panels voltage reference module, analog switch and amplifier, and two panels voltage reference module provides the normal voltage of the amplitude stability of+2.5V ,-2.5V, forms square-wave signal, finally exported by amplifier through analog switch alternating strobe.
By such scheme, 500 Ω, 1k Ω, 2k Ω, 5k Ω, 10k Ω, 20k Ω, 50k Ω, 100k Ω resistance that described sampling resistor is controlled by analog switch form 8 grades of adjustable sampling resistors.
By such scheme, described signal madulation module comprises absolute value circuit and RC filtering circuit, and absolute value circuit changes bipolar signal into unipolar signal, exports as d. c. voltage signal after RC filtering circuit.
By such scheme, described single-chip microcomputer adopts more than 8 single-chip microcomputers, and described analog to digital conversion module adopts more than 12 ADC modules, and described timer adopts 16 single-chip microcomputer internal timers.
By such scheme, described display and communication module comprise display unit and communication unit, and display unit adopts driver module to drive charactron to realize data display, and communication unit adopts serial communication module to realize RS232 communication.
By such scheme, described electrolysis power adopts the 1.5 ~ 36V adjustable stabilized voltage supply by adjustable stabilized voltage supply module composition, and described two-way switch is made up of the photoelectric isolation module of two series connection.
Present invention also offers a kind of measuring method of measurement mechanism of above-mentioned seepage velocity, comprise the steps:
1) sensor with electrolysis electrode and conductance electrode be placed in testing liquid and fix;
2) measurement instruction is sent to single-chip microcomputer, described measurement instruction includes but not limited to single-chip microcomputer order and measurement parameter, described single-chip microcomputer order includes but not limited to start electrolysis, the frequency of closing electrolysis, starting conductance measurement, closing conductance measurement, arrange conductance measurement method, arrange conductance driving source, and described measurement parameter includes but not limited to conduction time of the frequency of conductance driving source, electrolysis electrode, interval time, correction coefficient and compensating factor;
3) single-chip microcomputer receives step 2) measurement instruction after, the conduction time of electrolysis electrode, interval time, correction coefficient and compensating factor are set;
4) start timer and start timing;
5) open analog to digital conversion module and carry out conductance measurement, store conductance measurement data by single-chip microcomputer and undertaken showing and transmitting by display and communication module;
6) open two-way switch, wait for that electrolysis time arrives step 3) close two-way switch after conduction time of electrolysis electrode of arranging;
7) when timer periods arrives step 3) interval time time, close analog to digital conversion module, when stopping timer;
8) by step 5) in the conductance measurement data that store of single-chip microcomputer carry out peak-seeking after filtering, try to achieve appearance time, by formula
calculate and measure flow velocity, v in formula
measurefor measuring flow velocity, d is the spacing of electrolysis electrode and conductance electrode, and t is appearance time;
9) according to step 3) correction coefficient that arranges and compensating factor, by formula v
actual=av
measure+ b calculates actual flow velocity, v in formula
actualfor actual flow velocity, a is correction coefficient, v
measurefor step 8) the mensuration flow velocity that calculates, b is compensating factor;
10) actual flow velocity shown by display and communication module and be sent to host computer, completing one-shot measurement, repeating step 4)-10) realize monitoring continuously.
The present invention compared with prior art, mainly contains following advantage: produce ion pulse tracing method by electrolytic polarization and measure ground water movement, without the need to arranging administration device, compared to optical fiber type thermometric seepage monitoring system, with low cost, reliability is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the measurement mechanism theory diagram of seepage velocity of the present invention;
The measuring method process flow diagram of Fig. 2 seepage velocity of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.
As shown in Figure 1, the measurement mechanism of seepage velocity of the present invention, comprise sensor, driving source, sampling resistor, signal madulation module, analog to digital conversion module, single-chip microcomputer, timer, display and communication module, two-way switch and electrolysis power, sensor comprises conductance electrode and electrolysis electrode, be connected with the input end of conductance electrode and signal madulation module after driving source connects sampling resistor, the output terminal of signal madulation module and analog to digital conversion model calling, single-chip microcomputer and analog to digital conversion module, timer, display is connected with communication module and two-way switch, electrolysis power is connected with electrolysis electrode through two-way switch.
Described conductance electrode is used for the change of perception solution conductivity, and electrolysis electrode is used for producing electrolysis polarization in the solution, and conductance electrode and electrolysis electrode form by row's pin of two spacing 2.54mm.
Described driving source is used for providing bipolar square wave power supply in conductance measurement process, driving source comprises two panels TL431 voltage reference module, CD4501 analog switch and OP07 amplifier, two panels TL431 voltage reference module provides the normal voltage of the amplitude stability of+2.5V ,-2.5V, square-wave signal is formed through CD4501 analog switch alternating strobe, finally exported by OP07 amplifier, square-wave signal frequency is by Single-chip Controlling;
Described sampling resistor is used for, in conductance measurement process, the change of the solution conductivity of conductance electrode perception is converted to bipolar voltage signal, 500 Ω, 1k Ω, 2k Ω, 5k Ω, 10k Ω, 20k Ω, 50k Ω, 100k Ω resistance that sampling resistor is controlled by CD4501 analog switch form 8 grades of adjustable sampling resistors, and the selection of each shelves sampling resistor is realized by Single-chip Controlling CD4501 analog switch;
The bipolar voltage signal that described signal madulation module is used for sampling resistor obtains is converted to d. c. voltage signal, signal madulation module comprises absolute value circuit and RC filtering circuit, absolute value circuit changes bipolar signal into unipolar signal, exports as d. c. voltage signal after RC filtering circuit;
When described analog to digital conversion module is used for conductance measurement, the d. c. voltage signal (simulating signal) that signal madulation module exports is converted to digital signal, analog to digital conversion module adopts inner 12 the ADC modules of STC12C5608AD single-chip microcomputer;
Described timer is for controlling electrolysis time in timing during conductance measurement and electrolysis electrode electrolytic process, and timer adopts STC12C5608AD single-chip microcomputer internal timer;
Described single-chip microcomputer is used for controlling and coordinating whole conductance measurement process, and single-chip microcomputer adopts STC12C5608AD single-chip microcomputer;
Described display and communication module, for showing reception MCU Instruction, conductance measurement data are carried out show and be sent to host computer (display is connected with upper machine communication with communication module), display and communication module comprise display unit and communication unit, display unit adopts TM1618 to drive 4 Digital sum pipes to realize data display, and communication unit adopts MAX232 to realize RS232 communication;
Described electrolysis power is used in electrolytic process, provide galvanic current source, and electrolysis power adopts the 1.5 ~ 36V adjustable stabilized voltage supply be made up of LM317;
Described two-way switch is for controlling beginning and the end of electrolytic process, and two-way switch is made up of the EL817 photoelectric isolation module of two series connection.
Measuring method process flow diagram of the present invention as shown in Figure 2, concrete measuring method comprises the steps:
1) sensor with electrolysis electrode and conductance electrode be placed in testing liquid and fix;
2) measurement instruction is sent to single-chip microcomputer, described measurement instruction includes but not limited to single-chip microcomputer order and measurement parameter, described single-chip microcomputer order includes but not limited to start electrolysis, the frequency of closing electrolysis, starting conductance measurement, closing conductance measurement, arrange conductance measurement method, arrange conductance driving source, and described measurement parameter includes but not limited to conduction time of the frequency of conductance driving source, electrolysis electrode, interval time, correction coefficient and compensating factor;
3) single-chip microcomputer receives step 2) measurement instruction after, measurement parameter is set, comprises the conduction time of electrolysis electrode, interval time, correction coefficient and compensating factor;
4) start timer and start timing;
5) open analog to digital conversion module and carry out conductance measurement, store conductance measurement data by single-chip microcomputer and undertaken showing and transmitting (to host computer) by display and communication module;
6) open two-way switch, wait for that electrolysis time arrives step 3) close two-way switch after conduction time of electrolysis electrode of arranging;
7) when timer periods arrive step 3) interval time time, close analog to digital conversion module (conductance measurement), stop timer time;
8) by step 5) in the conductance measurement data that store of single-chip microcomputer carry out peak-seeking after filtering, try to achieve appearance time, by formula
calculate and measure flow velocity, v in formula
measurefor measuring flow velocity, d is the spacing (distances of two pairs of electrodes) of electrolysis electrode and conductance electrode, and t is appearance time;
9) according to step 3) correction coefficient that arranges and compensating factor, by formula v
actual=av
measure+ b calculates actual flow velocity, v in formula
actualfor actual flow velocity, a is correction coefficient, v
measurefor step 8) the mensuration flow velocity that calculates, b is compensating factor;
10) actual flow velocity (measurement result) shown by display and communication module and be sent to host computer, completing one-shot measurement, as continued to measure, then repeating step 4)-10) realize monitoring continuously.
The present invention is not restricted to listed in instructions and embodiment utilization; for a person skilled in the art; can make various corresponding change and modification according to the present invention, and all these corresponding changes and modification all belong to the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the measurement mechanism of a seepage velocity, it is characterized in that, comprise sensor, driving source, sampling resistor, signal madulation module, analog to digital conversion module, single-chip microcomputer, timer, display and communication module, two-way switch and electrolysis power, sensor comprises conductance electrode and electrolysis electrode, be connected with the input end of conductance electrode and signal madulation module after driving source connects sampling resistor, the output terminal of signal madulation module and analog to digital conversion model calling, single-chip microcomputer and analog to digital conversion module, timer, display is connected with communication module and two-way switch, electrolysis power is connected with electrolysis electrode through two-way switch.
2. the measurement mechanism of seepage velocity as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described conductance electrode is used for the change of perception solution conductivity, and electrolysis electrode is used for producing electrolysis polarization in the solution, and conductance electrode and electrolysis electrode form by row's pin of two spacing 0.1 ~ 10mm.
3. the measurement mechanism of seepage velocity as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described driving source is used for providing bipolar square wave power supply in conductance measurement process, described sampling resistor is used for, in conductance measurement process, the change of the solution conductivity of conductance electrode perception is converted to bipolar voltage signal, the bipolar voltage signal that described signal madulation module is used for sampling resistor obtains is converted to d. c. voltage signal, when described analog to digital conversion module is used for conductance measurement, the d. c. voltage signal that signal madulation module exports is converted to digital signal, described timer is for controlling electrolysis time in timing during conductance measurement and electrolysis electrode electrolytic process, described single-chip microcomputer is used for controlling and coordinating whole conductance measurement process, described electrolysis power is used in electrolytic process, provide galvanic current source, described two-way switch is for controlling beginning and the end of electrolytic process, described display and communication module, for showing reception MCU Instruction, conductance measurement data are carried out showing and being sent to host computer.
4. the measurement mechanism of seepage velocity as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described driving source comprises two panels voltage reference module, analog switch and amplifier, two panels voltage reference module provides the normal voltage of the amplitude stability of+2.5V ,-2.5V, form square-wave signal through analog switch alternating strobe, finally exported by amplifier.
5. the measurement mechanism of seepage velocity as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, 500 Ω, 1k Ω, 2k Ω, 5k Ω, 10k Ω, 20k Ω, 50k Ω, 100k Ω resistance that described sampling resistor is controlled by analog switch form 8 grades of adjustable sampling resistors.
6. the measurement mechanism of seepage velocity as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described signal madulation module comprises absolute value circuit and RC filtering circuit, and absolute value circuit changes bipolar signal into unipolar signal, exports as d. c. voltage signal after RC filtering circuit.
7. the measurement mechanism of seepage velocity as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described single-chip microcomputer adopts more than 8 single-chip microcomputers, and described analog to digital conversion module adopts more than 12 ADC modules, and described timer adopts 16 single-chip microcomputer internal timers.
8. the measurement mechanism of seepage velocity as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described display and communication module comprise display unit and communication unit, and display unit adopts driver module to drive charactron to realize data display, and communication unit adopts serial communication module to realize RS232 communication.
9. the measurement mechanism of seepage velocity as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, described electrolysis power adopts the 1.5 ~ 36V adjustable stabilized voltage supply by adjustable stabilized voltage supply module composition, and described two-way switch is made up of the photoelectric isolation module of two series connection.
10. a measuring method for the measurement mechanism of the seepage velocity as described in one of as any in the claims 1 ~ 9, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
1) sensor with electrolysis electrode and conductance electrode be placed in testing liquid and fix;
2) measurement instruction is sent to single-chip microcomputer, described measurement instruction includes but not limited to single-chip microcomputer order and measurement parameter, described single-chip microcomputer order includes but not limited to start electrolysis, the frequency of closing electrolysis, starting conductance measurement, closing conductance measurement, arrange conductance measurement method, arrange conductance driving source, and described measurement parameter includes but not limited to conduction time of the frequency of conductance driving source, electrolysis electrode, interval time, correction coefficient and compensating factor;
3) single-chip microcomputer receives step 2) measurement instruction after, the conduction time of electrolysis electrode, interval time, correction coefficient and compensating factor are set;
4) start timer and start timing;
5) open analog to digital conversion module and carry out conductance measurement, store conductance measurement data by single-chip microcomputer and undertaken showing and transmitting by display and communication module;
6) open two-way switch, wait for that electrolysis time arrives step 3) close two-way switch after conduction time of electrolysis electrode of arranging;
7) when timer periods arrives step 3) interval time time, close analog to digital conversion module, when stopping timer;
8) by step 5) in the conductance measurement data that store of single-chip microcomputer carry out peak-seeking after filtering, try to achieve appearance time, by formula
calculate and measure flow velocity, v in formula
measurefor measuring flow velocity, d is the spacing of electrolysis electrode and conductance electrode, and t is appearance time;
9) according to step 3) correction coefficient that arranges and compensating factor, by formula v
actual=av
measure+ b calculates actual flow velocity, v in formula
actualfor actual flow velocity, a is correction coefficient, v
measurefor step 8) the mensuration flow velocity that calculates, b is compensating factor;
10) actual flow velocity shown by display and communication module and be sent to host computer, completing one-shot measurement, repeating step 4)-10) realize monitoring continuously.
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