CN105258386A - Combined cooling heating and power system driven by low-grade waste heat - Google Patents
Combined cooling heating and power system driven by low-grade waste heat Download PDFInfo
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- CN105258386A CN105258386A CN201510631318.4A CN201510631318A CN105258386A CN 105258386 A CN105258386 A CN 105258386A CN 201510631318 A CN201510631318 A CN 201510631318A CN 105258386 A CN105258386 A CN 105258386A
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)CC(F)(F)F MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005520 electrodynamics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005619 thermoelectricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
- Y02A30/274—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies using waste energy, e.g. from internal combustion engine
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- Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a combined cooling heating and power system driven by low-grade waste heat. The combined cooling heating and power system comprises an organic Rankin cycle (ORC) unit. The ORC unit is composed of a working medium pump, an evaporator, an expander and a built-in heat pump cycle unit which are sequentially connected and form circulation. The built-in heat pump cycle unit comprises a first heat exchanger, a throttle valve, a second heat exchanger, a compressor and a four-way reversing valve. Heat exchange is conducted between the evaporator and the first heat exchanger in the built-in heat pump cycle unit. Heat exchange is conducted between the second heat exchanger and waste heat flow and between the second heat exchanger and externally-connected heat exchange flow. The output work end of the expander is connected with the compressor and the electric generator. When the combined cooling heating and power system is operated, work acted by the expander preferentially drives the compressor coaxially connected with the expander, so that output of cold energy or heat energy of the built-in heat pump cycle unit is achieved; the remaining work drives the electric generator to generate electricity; therefore combined cooling heating and power of the combined cooling heating and power system is achieved. Compared with the prior art, the combined cooling heating and power system has the advantages that the process is simple; the equipment parts are small in number; the use ratio of the waste heat energy is high; the cost of the devices of the combined cooling heating and power system is low, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cogeneration cooling heating system, especially relate to the cogeneration cooling heating system that a kind of low grade residual heat drives.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of industrialization, urbanization, AND ENERGY RESOURCES CONSUMPTION IN CHINA amount constantly rises, and the environmental pressure brought thus also constantly increases the weight of.Therefore, strengthen energy-saving and cost-reducing dynamics, improve efficiency of energy utilization further, Devoting Major Efforts To Developing regenerative resource, be that China sets up resource-conserving, the environmentally friendly industrial structure and the mode of production, and crack energy resources environmental constraints, walk the inevitable choice of new path of industrialization with Chinese characteristics.
The regenerative resources such as low-grade industrial exhaust heat, solar energy and geothermal energy receive the concern of people gradually because its total amount is huge.Low temperature exhaust heat recovery technology is that China is just in flourish another item novel energy-conserving technology, particularly low-temperature cogeneration technology great majority adopt ORC (organic Rankine cycle) low-temperature electricity generation system technology, obtain practical application in smelting, the tail gas recycle of industrial furnace, the field such as waste heat recovery, biomass power generation of chemical industry.
Organic Rankine bottoming cycle (OrganicRankineCycle, ORC) is efficient as a kind of energy, realize to environmental protection the technology of low grade heat energy to high-grade electric energy or power-conversion, now become the focus that low-grade energy utilizes area research.Heat pump is an efficient heat supply, Refrigeration Technique, and it is by consuming a part of high-grade energy, can realize heat or cold that several times export energy, be used widely in field of air conditioning; Current steam compression heat pump generally adopts electrodynamic type compressor, realizes refrigeration or heat supply by electrical energy drive.Under suitable conditions, if by heat pump and organic Rankine bottoming cycle combine with technique, not only can meet the demand of the heat supply of productive life, refrigeration and electric energy, reduce the consumption of extraneous electric energy or fossil energy, improve energy utilization rate simultaneously, avoid greenhouse effects and atmosphere pollution, significant to energy-saving and emission-reduction.
Chinese patent ZL201520110622.X discloses the co-generation unit that a kind of low temperature exhaust heat drives, comprise ORC subsystem and heat pump cycle subsystem, ORC subsystem is by generator, decompressor, regenerator, low-temperature condenser and working medium pump are linked in sequence formation closed circuit, heat pump cycle subsystem is by evaporimeter, compressor, warm condenser and choke valve are linked in sequence formation closed circuit, be connected by transmission device between decompressor with compressor, decompressor is connected with generator, machine ORC subsystem and heat pump cycle subsystem respectively external remaining hot water carry out exchange heat, the decompressor of ORC subsystem utilizes remaining hot water heat to do work, institute's work part drives compressor, the power demand of heat pump cycle subsystem is provided, the merit of remainder drives electrical power generators, realize the heat of system, CCHP.This co-generation unit achieves the recycling of low grade residual heat, also heat, CCHP is achieved preferably, but the ORC subsystem in this system and heat pump cycle subsystem relatively independent, the energy of ORC subsystem is not only made easily to lose, the parts of whole system are also made to increase, flow process simplifies not, and the cost of whole system is higher.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention be exactly in order to overcome above-mentioned prior art exist defect and the cogeneration cooling heating system that a kind of low grade residual heat drives is provided.
Object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
The cogeneration cooling heating system that a kind of low grade residual heat drives, comprise organic Rankine bottoming cycle unit, this organic Rankine bottoming cycle unit is by connecting successively and forming the working medium pump of circulation, evaporimeter, decompressor, built-in heat pump cycle unit composition, described built-in heat pump cycle unit comprises the compressor that circulation connects, First Heat Exchanger, choke valve and the second heat exchanger, also be provided with in this heat pump cycle pipeline respectively be connected compressor, the four-way change-over valve that First Heat Exchanger is connected with the second heat exchanger, described evaporimeter connects residual heat stream, the output work end of described decompressor connects compressor and generator respectively,
During work, liquid organic working medium is delivered to evaporimeter through working medium pump, gaseous state organic working medium is become with after residual heat stream heat exchange, after driving decompressor acting, enter built-in heat pump cycle unit, by First Heat Exchanger or the second heat exchanger and the heat exchange of external heat exchange stream, the gaseous state organic working medium after doing work is cooled, and return working medium pump and recycle, a decompressor institute work part drives electrical power generators, another part is as the power of built-in heat pump cycle cell operation, drive compressor operating, now, by four-way change-over valve, built-in heat pump cycle unit is switched to refrigeration mode or heating mode, realize the cold energy of the second heat exchanger or the output of heat energy respectively, thus realize combined power and cooling operating mode or the cogeneration of heat and power operating mode of system.
Described four-way change-over valve comprises port a, port b, port c and port d, described port a and port c are connected First Heat Exchanger and the second heat exchanger respectively, described port b and port d are connected arrival end and the port of export of compressor respectively, the port of export place of described decompressor is provided with the first three-way diverter valve, the arrival end e of this first three-way diverter valve connects the outlet of decompressor, port of export f and port of export g are connected First Heat Exchanger and port d respectively, the arrival end place of described working medium pump is provided with the second three-way diverter valve, the port of export j of this second three-way diverter valve connects the entrance of working medium pump, arrival end h and arrival end i are connected First Heat Exchanger and the second heat exchanger respectively, by switching the first three-way diverter valve, built-in heat pump cycle unit is switched to refrigeration mode or heating mode by the second three-way diverter valve and four-way change-over valve, thus realize combined power and cooling and cogeneration of heat and power two kinds of operating modes of system,
When system is combined power and cooling operating mode, four-way change-over valve switches to port d, a connects, port c, b connects, the port of export of described compressor connects the da passage of four-way change-over valve successively by pipeline, First Heat Exchanger, choke valve, the cb passage of the second heat exchanger and four-way change-over valve, and return suction port of compressor end, first three-way diverter valve switches to arrival end e and port of export f connects, second three-way diverter valve switches to arrival end h and port of export j connects, now, organic working medium and external heat exchange in First Heat Exchanger, organic working medium and the heat exchange of outer reception cryogenic fluid in second heat exchanger, the working medium that the organic working medium flowed out by decompressor flows out with compressor mixes, after entering First Heat Exchanger condensing heat-exchange, a mixed working fluid part enters working medium pump by the second three-way diverter valve, another part is by after choke valve, continue to enter the second heat exchanger evaporation endothermic, treat cryogenic fluid refrigeration, then the cb passage through four-way change-over valve returns compressor cycle use,
When system is cogeneration of heat and power operating mode, four-way change-over valve switches to port a, b connects, port d, c connects, the port of export of described compressor connects the dc passage of four-way change-over valve successively by pipeline, second heat exchanger, choke valve, the ab passage of First Heat Exchanger and four-way change-over valve, and return suction port of compressor end, first three-way diverter valve switches to arrival end e and port of export g connects, second three-way diverter valve switches to arrival end i and port of export j connects, now, the external thermal source of First Heat Exchanger, the external fluid to be heated of second heat exchanger, the working medium that the organic working medium flowed out by decompressor flows out with compressor mixes, enter the second heat exchanger condensation heat release, heat fluid to be heated, a mixed working fluid part enters working medium pump by the second three-way diverter valve, another part is by after choke valve, after continuing to enter First Heat Exchanger and external thermal source heat exchange, ab passage through four-way change-over valve returns compressor cycle and uses.
System can also switch helps electric operating condition, now, the whole port of four-way change-over valve cuts off, compressor and the second heat exchanger do not run, first three-way diverter valve switches to arrival end e and port of export f connects, second three-way diverter valve switches to arrival end h and port of export j connects, the external low-temperature receiver of First Heat Exchanger, after the organic working medium flowed out by decompressor enters First Heat Exchanger condensation, working medium pump is entered again by the second three-way diverter valve, continue to participate in circulation, now, decompressor institute work is all used to provide to electrical power generators.
The connecting line of the second described three-way diverter valve and First Heat Exchanger, the second heat exchanger is also respectively equipped with flow control valve.
Described organic working medium is pentafluoropropane, R-cold-producing medium or cold-producing medium Rca.
Described decompressor connects compressor by transmission device, and one end of transmission device connects the output work axle of decompressor, and the other end connects the input work axle of compressor.
Described transmission device is shaft coupling.
In the present invention, the cogeneration cooling heating system that described low grade residual heat drives is according to the difference in season, can switch to different operational modes, during summer, system can be combined power and cooling pattern, during winter, system can be cogeneration of heat and power pattern, when transition season is without cooling and heating load demand, system can switch to complete electric operational mode.Built-in heat pump cycle unit, as the built-in circulation of organic Rankine bottoming cycle, achieves the condensation process of organic Rankine bottoming cycle, completes the heat production of heat pump cycle simultaneously or produces cold process; Two cycling elements of system use same organic working medium and adopt transmission device decompressor and compressor to be in transmission connection, make decompressor institute work variety of priority driven compressor, in order to meet the power demand of heat pump cycle, and the merit of remainder drives electrical power generators, thus realize cold electricity or the cogeneration of heat and power of system.
In the present invention, the residual heat stream that system uses is industrial waste heat, the cryogenic waste heat resource such as underground heat or solar energy, low-grade waste heat is converted into high-grade cold energy, heat energy and electric energy, achieve the efficiency utilization of waste heat, avoid the thermal pollution because waste heat discharge causes environment, meet hot and cold, the electric demand in production, life, user can be according to the actual requirements, the type that regulating system is different and ratio Energy transmission, have good application prospect.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1) cogeneration cooling heating system of the present invention adopts organic Rankine bottoming cycle unit, this organic Rankine bottoming cycle unit is provided with built-in heat pump cycle unit, compared with external heat pump cycle unit, system flow of the present invention simplifies more, required equipment greatly reduces, system cost reduces, and it also avoid too much middle flow process and the loss of heat energy that causes simultaneously;
2) regenerative resources such as industrial waste heat, underground heat and solar energy can be used, realize reusing of energy source, meet the cold energy of the Various Seasonal in production, life, heat energy and electrical energy demands;
3) Various Seasonal, this system can switch to different operational modes, meets the energy requirement that user is different, realizes annual Effec-tive Function, realizes the abundant recycling of residual heat resources;
4) system enters the working medium flow in two cycling elements by Flow-rate adjustment valve regulation, and the cold electricity or the thermoelectricity that realize different proportion export, thus meet the different load demand of user;
5) energy-conserving and environment-protective, the low taste waste heat energy of high efficiente callback, meets hot and cold, the electric demand in production, life, reduces the consumption of fossil energy, reduce greenhouse effects and atmosphere pollution.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The structural representation of Fig. 1 position cogeneration cooling heating system of the present invention;
In figure, 1-working medium pump, 2-flow control valve, 3-organic working medium, 4-First Heat Exchanger, 5-evaporimeter, 6-residual heat stream, 7-first three-way diverter valve, 8-generator, 9-decompressor, 10-transmission device, 11-compressor, 12-four-way change-over valve, 13-second heat exchanger, 14-choke valve, 15-second three-way diverter valve, the built-in heat pump cycle unit of 16-.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
The cogeneration cooling heating system that a kind of low grade residual heat drives, its structure as shown in Figure 1, comprise organic Rankine bottoming cycle unit, this organic Rankine bottoming cycle unit is by connecting successively and forming the working medium pump 1 of circulation, evaporimeter 5, decompressor 9, built-in heat pump cycle unit 16 forms, built-in heat pump cycle unit 16 comprises the compressor 11 that circulation connects, First Heat Exchanger 4, choke valve 14 and the second heat exchanger 13, also be provided with in this heat pump cycle pipeline respectively be connected compressor 11, the four-way change-over valve 12 that First Heat Exchanger 4 is connected with the second heat exchanger 13, evaporimeter 5 connects residual heat stream 6, First Heat Exchanger 4 is connected heat-shift with external heat exchange stream respectively with the second heat exchanger 13, output work axle connection for transmission device 10 one end of decompressor 9, transmission device 10 other end connects the input work axle of compressor 11, the output work axle of decompressor 9 also connects generator 8, transmission device 10 is universal driving shaft, the organic working medium 3 of organic Rankine bottoming cycle unit and built-in heat pump cycle unit is R245fa.
During work, liquid organic working medium 3 is delivered to evaporimeter 5 through working medium pump 1, gaseous state organic working medium 3 is become with after residual heat stream 6 heat exchange, after driving decompressor 9 to do work, enter built-in heat pump cycle unit 16, by First Heat Exchanger 4 or the second heat exchanger 13 and external heat exchange, gaseous state organic working medium 3 after acting is cooled, and return working medium pump 1 and recycle, decompressor 9 work parts drive generator 8 to generate electricity, the power that another part works as built-in heat pump cycle unit 16, compressor 11 is driven to work, now, by four-way change-over valve 12, built-in heat pump cycle unit 16 is switched to refrigeration mode or heating mode, realize the cold energy of the second heat exchanger 13 or the output of heat energy respectively, thus realize combined power and cooling operating mode or the cogeneration of heat and power operating mode of system, when four-way change-over valve 12, compressor 11 and the second heat exchanger 13 all do not participate in running, after the organic working medium 3 that decompressor 9 flows out directly is cooled by First Heat Exchanger 4, return working medium pump 1 to recycle, now, decompressor 9 works are all supplied to electrical power generators, and namely system switches to complete electric operating condition.
Four-way change-over valve 12 comprises port a, port b, port c and port d, port a and port c are connected First Heat Exchanger 4 and the second heat exchanger 13 respectively, port b and port d are connected arrival end and the port of export of compressor 11 respectively, the port of export place of decompressor 9 is provided with the first three-way diverter valve 7, the arrival end e of this first three-way diverter valve 7 connects the outlet of decompressor 9, port of export f and port of export g are connected First Heat Exchanger 4 and port d respectively, the arrival end place of working medium pump 1 is provided with the second three-way diverter valve 15, the port of export j of this second three-way diverter valve 15 connects the entrance of working medium pump 1, arrival end h is connected First Heat Exchanger 4 and the second heat exchanger 13 with arrival end i respectively by a flow control valve 2, by switching the first three-way diverter valve 7, the combined power and cooling of the second three-way diverter valve 15 and four-way change-over valve 12 system, cogeneration of heat and power and full electricity run three kinds of operating modes,
When system is combined power and cooling operating mode, four-way change-over valve 12 switches to port d, a connects, port c, b connects, the port of export of compressor 11 connects the da passage of four-way change-over valve 12 successively by pipeline, First Heat Exchanger 4, choke valve 14, the cb passage of the second heat exchanger 13 and four-way change-over valve 12, and return compressor 11 arrival end, first three-way diverter valve 7 switches to arrival end e and port of export f connects, second three-way diverter valve 15 switches to arrival end h and port of export j connects, now, organic working medium and external heat exchange in First Heat Exchanger 4, organic working medium and external treat cryogenic fluid heat exchange in second heat exchanger 13, the working medium that the organic working medium 3 flowed out by decompressor 9 and compressor 11 flow out mixes, after entering First Heat Exchanger 4 condensing heat-exchange, a mixed working fluid part enters working medium pump 1 by the second three-way diverter valve 15, another part is by after choke valve 14, continue to enter the second heat exchanger 13 evaporation endothermic, treat cryogenic fluid refrigeration, then return compressor 11 through the cb passage of four-way change-over valve 12 to recycle,
When system is cogeneration of heat and power operating mode, four-way change-over valve 12 switches to port a, b connects, port d, c connects, the port of export of compressor 11 connects the dc passage of four-way change-over valve 12 successively by pipeline, second heat exchanger 13, choke valve 14, the ab passage of First Heat Exchanger 4 and four-way change-over valve 12, and return compressor 11 arrival end, first three-way diverter valve 7 switches to arrival end e and port of export g connects, second three-way diverter valve 15 switches to arrival end i and port of export j connects, now, the external thermal source of First Heat Exchanger 4, organic working medium and external fluid heat transfer to be heated in second heat exchanger 13, the working medium that the organic working medium 3 flowed out by decompressor 9 and compressor 11 flow out mixes, enter the second heat exchanger 13 condensation heat release, heat fluid to be heated, a mixed working fluid part enters working medium pump 1 by the second three-way diverter valve 15, another part is by after choke valve 14, continue to enter First Heat Exchanger 4 and external thermal source heat exchange, then return compressor 11 through the ab passage of four-way change-over valve 12 to recycle,
When system is complete electric operating condition, four-way change-over valve 12 all port cuts off, compressor 11 and the second heat exchanger 13 do not run, first three-way diverter valve 7 switches to arrival end e and port of export f connects, second three-way diverter valve 15 switches to arrival end h and port of export j connects, the external low-temperature receiver of First Heat Exchanger 4, after the organic working medium 3 flowed out by decompressor 9 enters First Heat Exchanger 4 condensation, working medium pump 1 is entered again by the second three-way diverter valve 15, continue to participate in circulation, now, decompressor 9 works are all supplied to electrical power generators.
Embodiment 2
The cogeneration cooling heating system that a kind of low grade residual heat drives, its structure is shown in Figure 1, comprise organic Rankine bottoming cycle unit, this organic Rankine bottoming cycle unit is by connecting successively and forming the working medium pump 1 of circulation, evaporimeter 5, decompressor 9, built-in heat pump cycle unit 16 forms, built-in heat pump cycle unit 16 comprises the compressor 11 that circulation connects, First Heat Exchanger 4, choke valve 14 and the second heat exchanger 13, also be provided with in this heat pump cycle pipeline respectively be connected compressor 11, the four-way change-over valve 12 that First Heat Exchanger 4 is connected with the second heat exchanger 13, evaporimeter 5 connects residual heat stream 6, First Heat Exchanger 4 is connected heat-shift with external heat exchange stream respectively with the second heat exchanger 13, output work axle connection for transmission device 10 one end of decompressor 9, transmission device 10 other end connects the input work axle of compressor 11, the output work axle of decompressor 9 also connects generator 8, transmission device 10 is universal driving shaft, the organic working medium 3 of organic Rankine bottoming cycle unit and built-in heat pump cycle unit is R-123.
During work, liquid organic working medium 3 is delivered to evaporimeter 5 through working medium pump 1, gaseous state organic working medium 3 is become with after residual heat stream 6 heat exchange, after driving decompressor 9 to do work, enter built-in heat pump cycle unit 16, by First Heat Exchanger 4 or the second heat exchanger 13 and external heat exchange, gaseous state organic working medium 3 after acting is cooled, and return working medium pump 1 and recycle, decompressor 9 work parts drive generator 8 to generate electricity, the power that another part works as built-in heat pump cycle unit 16, compressor 11 is driven to work, now, by four-way change-over valve 12, built-in heat pump cycle unit 16 is switched to refrigeration mode or heating mode, realize the cold energy of the second heat exchanger 13 or the output of heat energy respectively, thus realize combined power and cooling operating mode or the cogeneration of heat and power operating mode of system, when four-way change-over valve 12, compressor 11 and the second heat exchanger 13 all do not participate in running, after the organic working medium 3 that decompressor 9 flows out directly is cooled by First Heat Exchanger 4, return working medium pump 1 to recycle, now, decompressor 9 works are all supplied to electrical power generators, and namely system switches to complete electric operating condition.
Four-way change-over valve 12 comprises port a, port b, port c and port d, port a and port c are connected First Heat Exchanger 4 and the second heat exchanger 13 respectively, port b and port d are connected arrival end and the port of export of compressor 11 respectively, the port of export place of decompressor 9 is provided with the first three-way diverter valve 7, the arrival end e of this first three-way diverter valve 7 connects the outlet of decompressor 9, port of export f and port of export g are connected First Heat Exchanger 4 and port d respectively, the arrival end place of working medium pump 1 is provided with the second three-way diverter valve 15, the port of export j of this second three-way diverter valve 15 connects the entrance of working medium pump 1, arrival end h is connected First Heat Exchanger 4 and the second heat exchanger 13 with arrival end i respectively by a flow control valve 2, by switching the first three-way diverter valve 7, the combined power and cooling of the second three-way diverter valve 15 and four-way change-over valve 12 system, cogeneration of heat and power and full electricity run three kinds of operating modes,
When system is combined power and cooling operating mode, four-way change-over valve 12 switches to port d, a connects, port c, b connects, the port of export of compressor 11 connects the da passage of four-way change-over valve 12 successively by pipeline, First Heat Exchanger 4, choke valve 14, the cb passage of the second heat exchanger 13 and four-way change-over valve 12, and return compressor 11 arrival end, first three-way diverter valve 7 switches to arrival end e and port of export f connects, second three-way diverter valve 15 switches to arrival end h and port of export j connects, now, organic working medium and external heat exchange in First Heat Exchanger 4, organic working medium and external treat cryogenic fluid heat exchange in second heat exchanger 13, the working medium that the organic working medium 3 flowed out by decompressor 9 and compressor 11 flow out mixes, after entering First Heat Exchanger 4 condensing heat-exchange, a mixed working fluid part enters working medium pump 1 by the second three-way diverter valve 15, another part is by after choke valve 14, continue to enter the second heat exchanger 13 evaporation endothermic, treat cryogenic fluid refrigeration, then return compressor 11 through the cb passage of four-way change-over valve 12 to recycle,
When system is cogeneration of heat and power operating mode, four-way change-over valve 12 switches to port a, b connects, port d, c connects, the port of export of compressor 11 connects the dc passage of four-way change-over valve 12 successively by pipeline, second heat exchanger 13, choke valve 14, the ab passage of First Heat Exchanger 4 and four-way change-over valve 12, and return compressor 11 arrival end, first three-way diverter valve 7 switches to arrival end e and port of export g connects, second three-way diverter valve 15 switches to arrival end i and port of export j connects, now, the external thermal source of First Heat Exchanger 4, organic working medium and external fluid heat transfer to be heated in second heat exchanger 13, the working medium that the organic working medium 3 flowed out by decompressor 9 and compressor 11 flow out mixes, enter the second heat exchanger 13 condensation heat release, heat fluid to be heated, a mixed working fluid part enters working medium pump 1 by the second three-way diverter valve 15, another part is by after choke valve 14, continue to enter First Heat Exchanger 4 and external thermal source heat exchange, then return compressor 11 through the ab passage of four-way change-over valve 12 to recycle,
When system is complete electric operating condition, four-way change-over valve 12 all port cuts off, compressor 11 and the second heat exchanger 13 do not run, first three-way diverter valve 7 switches to arrival end e and port of export f connects, second three-way diverter valve 15 switches to arrival end h and port of export j connects, the external low-temperature receiver of First Heat Exchanger 4, after the organic working medium 3 flowed out by decompressor 9 enters First Heat Exchanger 4 condensation, working medium pump 1 is entered again by the second three-way diverter valve 15, continue to participate in circulation, now, decompressor 9 works are all supplied to electrical power generators.
Embodiment 3
The cogeneration cooling heating system that a kind of low grade residual heat drives, its structure is shown in Figure 1, comprise organic Rankine bottoming cycle unit, this organic Rankine bottoming cycle unit is by connecting successively and forming the working medium pump 1 of circulation, evaporimeter 5, decompressor 9, built-in heat pump cycle unit 16 forms, built-in heat pump cycle unit 16 comprises the compressor 11 that circulation connects, First Heat Exchanger 4, choke valve 14 and the second heat exchanger 13, also be provided with in this heat pump cycle pipeline respectively be connected compressor 11, the four-way change-over valve 12 that First Heat Exchanger 4 is connected with the second heat exchanger 13, evaporimeter 5 connects residual heat stream 6, First Heat Exchanger 4 is connected heat-shift with external heat exchange stream respectively with the second heat exchanger 13, output work axle connection for transmission device 10 one end of decompressor 9, transmission device 10 other end connects the input work axle of compressor 11, the output work axle of decompressor 9 also connects generator 8, transmission device 10 is universal driving shaft, the organic working medium 3 of organic Rankine bottoming cycle unit and built-in heat pump cycle unit is R245ca.
During work, liquid organic working medium 3 is delivered to evaporimeter 5 through working medium pump 1, gaseous state organic working medium 3 is become with after residual heat stream 6 heat exchange, after driving decompressor 9 to do work, enter built-in heat pump cycle unit 16, by First Heat Exchanger 4 or the second heat exchanger 13 and external heat exchange, gaseous state organic working medium 3 after acting is cooled, and return working medium pump 1 and recycle, decompressor 9 work parts drive generator 8 to generate electricity, the power that another part works as built-in heat pump cycle unit 16, compressor 11 is driven to work, now, by four-way change-over valve 12, built-in heat pump cycle unit 16 is switched to refrigeration mode or heating mode, realize the cold energy of the second heat exchanger 13 or the output of heat energy respectively, thus realize combined power and cooling operating mode or the cogeneration of heat and power operating mode of system, when four-way change-over valve 12, compressor 11 and the second heat exchanger 13 all do not participate in running, after the organic working medium 3 that decompressor 9 flows out directly is cooled by First Heat Exchanger 4, return working medium pump 1 to recycle, now, decompressor 9 works are all supplied to electrical power generators, and namely system switches to complete electric operating condition.
Four-way change-over valve 12 comprises port a, port b, port c and port d, port a and port c are connected First Heat Exchanger 4 and the second heat exchanger 13 respectively, port b and port d are connected arrival end and the port of export of compressor 11 respectively, the port of export place of decompressor 9 is provided with the first three-way diverter valve 7, the arrival end e of this first three-way diverter valve 7 connects the outlet of decompressor 9, port of export f and port of export g are connected First Heat Exchanger 4 and port d respectively, the arrival end place of working medium pump 1 is provided with the second three-way diverter valve 15, the port of export j of this second three-way diverter valve 15 connects the entrance of working medium pump 1, arrival end h is connected First Heat Exchanger 4 and the second heat exchanger 13 with arrival end i respectively by a flow control valve 2, by switching the first three-way diverter valve 7, the combined power and cooling of the second three-way diverter valve 15 and four-way change-over valve 12 system, cogeneration of heat and power and full electricity run three kinds of operating modes,
When system is combined power and cooling operating mode, four-way change-over valve 12 switches to port d, a connects, port c, b connects, the port of export of compressor 11 connects the da passage of four-way change-over valve 12 successively by pipeline, First Heat Exchanger 4, choke valve 14, the cb passage of the second heat exchanger 13 and four-way change-over valve 12, and return compressor 11 arrival end, first three-way diverter valve 7 switches to arrival end e and port of export f connects, second three-way diverter valve 15 switches to arrival end h and port of export j connects, now, organic working medium and external heat exchange in First Heat Exchanger 4, organic working medium and external treat cryogenic fluid heat exchange in second heat exchanger 13, the working medium that the organic working medium 3 flowed out by decompressor 9 and compressor 11 flow out mixes, after entering First Heat Exchanger 4 condensing heat-exchange, a mixed working fluid part enters working medium pump 1 by the second three-way diverter valve 15, another part is by after choke valve 14, continue to enter the second heat exchanger 13 evaporation endothermic, treat cryogenic fluid refrigeration, then return compressor 11 through the cb passage of four-way change-over valve 12 to recycle,
When system is cogeneration of heat and power operating mode, four-way change-over valve 12 switches to port a, b connects, port d, c connects, the port of export of compressor 11 connects the dc passage of four-way change-over valve 12 successively by pipeline, second heat exchanger 13, choke valve 14, the ab passage of First Heat Exchanger 4 and four-way change-over valve 12, and return compressor 11 arrival end, first three-way diverter valve 7 switches to arrival end e and port of export g connects, second three-way diverter valve 15 switches to arrival end i and port of export j connects, now, the external thermal source of First Heat Exchanger 4, organic working medium and external fluid heat transfer to be heated in second heat exchanger 13, the working medium that the organic working medium 3 flowed out by decompressor 9 and compressor 11 flow out mixes, enter the second heat exchanger 13 condensation heat release, heat fluid to be heated, a mixed working fluid part enters working medium pump 1 by the second three-way diverter valve 15, another part is by after choke valve 14, continue to enter First Heat Exchanger 4 and external thermal source heat exchange, then return compressor 11 through the ab passage of four-way change-over valve 12 to recycle,
When system is complete electric operating condition, four-way change-over valve 12 all port cuts off, compressor 11 and the second heat exchanger 13 do not run, first three-way diverter valve 7 switches to arrival end e and port of export f connects, second three-way diverter valve 15 switches to arrival end h and port of export j connects, the external low-temperature receiver of First Heat Exchanger 4, after the organic working medium 3 flowed out by decompressor 9 enters First Heat Exchanger 4 condensation, working medium pump 1 is entered again by the second three-way diverter valve 15, continue to participate in circulation, now, decompressor 9 works are all supplied to electrical power generators.
Above-mentioned is can understand and use invention for ease of those skilled in the art to the description of embodiment.Person skilled in the art obviously easily can make various amendment to these embodiments, and General Principle described herein is applied in other embodiments and need not through performing creative labour.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to above-described embodiment, those skilled in the art, according to announcement of the present invention, do not depart from improvement that scope makes and amendment all should within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the cogeneration cooling heating system of a low grade residual heat driving, comprise organic Rankine bottoming cycle unit, it is characterized in that, this organic Rankine bottoming cycle unit is by connecting successively and forming the working medium pump (1) of circulation, evaporimeter (5), decompressor (9), built-in heat pump cycle unit (16) composition, described built-in heat pump cycle unit (16) comprises the compressor (11) that circulation connects, First Heat Exchanger (4), choke valve (14) and the second heat exchanger (13), also be provided with in this heat pump cycle pipeline respectively be connected compressor (11), the four-way change-over valve (12) that First Heat Exchanger (4) is connected with the second heat exchanger (13), described evaporimeter (5) connects residual heat stream (6), the output work end of described decompressor (9) connects compressor (11) and generator (8) respectively,
During work, liquid organic working medium (3) is delivered to evaporimeter (5) through working medium pump (1), gaseous state organic working medium (3) is become with after residual heat stream (6) heat exchange, after driving decompressor (9) acting, enter built-in heat pump cycle unit (16), after First Heat Exchanger (4) or the second heat exchanger (13) and external heat exchange, by gaseous state organic working medium (3) cooling after acting, and return working medium pump (1) and recycle, decompressor (9) institute work part drives generator (8) generating, the power that another part works as built-in heat pump cycle unit (16), drive compressor (11) work, now, by four-way change-over valve (12), built-in heat pump cycle unit (16) is switched to refrigeration mode or heating mode, realize the cold energy of the second heat exchanger (13) or the output of heat energy respectively, thus realize combined power and cooling operating mode or the cogeneration of heat and power operating mode of system.
2. the cogeneration cooling heating system of a kind of low grade residual heat driving according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described four-way change-over valve (12) comprises port a, port b, port c and port d, described port a and port c are connected First Heat Exchanger (4) and the second heat exchanger (13) respectively, described port b and port d are connected arrival end and the port of export of compressor (11) respectively, the port of export place of described decompressor (9) is provided with the first three-way diverter valve (7), the arrival end e of this first three-way diverter valve (7) connects the outlet of decompressor (9), port of export f and port of export g are connected First Heat Exchanger (4) and port d respectively, the arrival end place of described working medium pump (1) is provided with the second three-way diverter valve (15), the port of export j of this second three-way diverter valve (15) connects the entrance of working medium pump (1), arrival end h and arrival end i are connected First Heat Exchanger (4) and the second heat exchanger (13) respectively, by switching the first three-way diverter valve (7), built-in heat pump cycle unit (16) is switched to refrigeration mode or heating mode by the second three-way diverter valve (15) and four-way change-over valve (12), thus realize combined power and cooling and cogeneration of heat and power two kinds of patterns of system,
When system is combined power and cooling operating mode, four-way change-over valve (12) switches to port d, a connects, port c, b connects, the port of export of described compressor (11) connects First Heat Exchanger (4) successively by the da passage of four-way change-over valve (12), choke valve (14), second heat exchanger (13), and return compressor (11) arrival end through the cb passage of four-way change-over valve (12), first three-way diverter valve (7) switches to arrival end e and port of export f connects, second three-way diverter valve (15) switches to arrival end h and port of export j connects, now, First Heat Exchanger (4) interior organic working medium (3) and external heat exchange, second heat exchanger (13) interior organic working medium (3) treats cryogenic fluid heat exchange with external, the organic working medium (3) that the organic working medium (3) flowed out by decompressor (9) and compressor (11) flow out mixes, after entering First Heat Exchanger (4) condensing heat-exchange, a mixed working fluid part enters working medium pump (1) by the second three-way diverter valve (15), another part is by after choke valve (14), continue to enter the second heat exchanger (13) evaporation endothermic, treat cryogenic fluid refrigeration, then return compressor (11) through the cb passage of four-way change-over valve (12) to recycle,
When system is cogeneration of heat and power operating mode, four-way change-over valve (12) switches to port a, b connects, port d, c connects, first three-way diverter valve (7) switches to arrival end e and port of export g connects, the port of export of described compressor (11) connects the second heat exchanger (13) successively by the dc passage of four-way change-over valve (12), choke valve (14), First Heat Exchanger (4), and return compressor (11) arrival end through the ab passage of four-way change-over valve (12), second three-way diverter valve (15) switches to arrival end i and port of export j connects, now, First Heat Exchanger (4) interior organic working medium and external thermal source heat exchange, second heat exchanger (13) interior organic working medium and external fluid heat transfer to be heated, the working medium that the organic working medium (3) flowed out by decompressor (9) and compressor (11) flow out mixes, enter the second heat exchanger (13) condensation heat release, heat fluid to be heated, a mixed working fluid part enters working medium pump (1) by the second three-way diverter valve (15), another part is by after choke valve (14), after continuing to enter First Heat Exchanger (4) and external thermal source heat exchange, return compressor (11) to recycle.
3. the cogeneration cooling heating system of a kind of low grade residual heat driving according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, system can also switch helps electric operating condition, now, four-way change-over valve (12) all port cuts off, compressor (11) and the second heat exchanger (13) do not run, first three-way diverter valve (7) switches to arrival end e and port of export f connects, second three-way diverter valve (15) switches to arrival end h and port of export j connects, First Heat Exchanger (4) interior organic working medium and external heat exchange, after the organic working medium (3) flowed out by decompressor (9) enters First Heat Exchanger (4) condensation, working medium pump (1) is entered again by the second three-way diverter valve (15), continue to participate in circulation.
4. the cogeneration cooling heating system of a kind of low grade residual heat driving according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described the second three-way diverter valve (15) and the connecting line of First Heat Exchanger (4), the second heat exchanger (13) are also respectively equipped with flow control valve (2).
5. the cogeneration cooling heating system that drives of a kind of low grade residual heat according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described organic working medium (3) is pentafluoropropane, R-123 cold-producing medium or cold-producing medium R245ca.
6. the cogeneration cooling heating system of a kind of low grade residual heat driving according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described decompressor (9) connects compressor (11) by transmission device (10), one end of transmission device (10) connects the output work axle of decompressor (9), and the other end connects the input work axle of compressor (11).
7. the cogeneration cooling heating system of a kind of low grade residual heat driving according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described transmission device (10) is shaft coupling.
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