CN105257512B - Discharge valve apparatus, compressor and heat transmission equipment - Google Patents
Discharge valve apparatus, compressor and heat transmission equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of discharge valve apparatus, compressor and heat transmission equipment, discharge valve apparatus includes delivery valve seat (6), air bleeding valve (5) and exhaust valve spring (3), delivery valve seat (6) is provided with the exhaust outlet (61) connected with cavity to be vented, exhaust valve spring (3) is used to air bleeding valve (5) and delivery valve seat (6) being pressed against the corresponding shell of cavity to be vented, and air bleeding valve (5) is located between exhaust valve spring (3) and delivery valve seat (6), air bleeding valve (5) is flexure strip, abut in and exhaust outlet (61) is closed on the end face of delivery valve seat (6), for being lifted when the pressure for being vented cavity is more than setting value, so that exhaust outlet (61) is opened to be exhausted, rebounded after exhaust terminates and close exhaust outlet (61).Such a discharge valve apparatus can improve the timely start-stop performance of valve, and reduce discharge loss and dynamic leakage, so as to improve effective capacity, and then improve compressor efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of compressors, in particular to an exhaust valve device, a compressor and heat exchange equipment.
Background
The compressor is an important component of heat exchange equipment, is a mechanical device capable of converting low-pressure gas into high-pressure gas, and is characterized by that it can suck low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant gas from air suction pipe, and after the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant gas is compressed by means of motor operation to drive piston, the high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant gas is discharged into exhaust pipe to provide power for heat exchange circulation so as to implement compression-condensation-expansion-evaporation refrigeration circulation.
The exhaust process of the compressor is mainly controlled by an exhaust valve device, the exhaust valve is opened when exhaust is needed, the exhaust valve is closed after the exhaust is finished, a valve seat of the traditional reciprocating compressor is fixed on a machine body of the compressor, and an exhaust valve structure disclosed by patent document CN103835923A is matched.
The structure of the exhaust valve applied in the novel compressor is shown in figure 1, a shell air inlet 1a and a shell air outlet 14a are arranged on the side wall of a shell 16a, a cylinder 7a is supported and fixed on the bottom surface inside the shell 16a through a first spring 8a, a motor stator 6a and a motor rotor 2a are coaxially arranged on the main body part of the cylinder 7a, a second spring 15a is fixed above the motor rotor 2a, a spring cover 4a is arranged on the motor stator 6a through a fixing plate 5a, a piston 3a can do reciprocating linear motion in the cylinder 7a, an exhaust valve 9a is abutted against the lower end surface of the cylinder 7a under the action of an exhaust valve spring 10a and seals a compression cavity, and both ends of the exhaust valve spring 10a are connected with the exhaust valve 9a and the exhaust valve support 11a, respectively, the whole exhaust valve device is covered with an exhaust valve cover 12a, and the exhaust valve cover 12a is connected with an inner exhaust pipe 13a and communicated with an exhaust port 14a of the shell.
The working principle of the compressor is as follows: after the motor coil is electrified, a closed alternating magnetic circuit is formed on the motor stator 6a, and the motor rotor 2a is driven to move, so that the piston 3a is driven to reciprocate relative to the cylinder 7a, and the processes of gas suction, compression and discharge are realized. The gas is sucked into the shell 16a through the shell air inlet 1a, the low-pressure gas in the shell 16a is sucked into a compression cavity through an air suction valve, and the exhaust valve 9a is sealed with the cylinder 7 a; when the gas in the cavity reaches a certain pressure after being compressed, the exhaust valve 9a is separated from the cylinder 7a, at the moment, the exhaust valve 9a is opened, and the high-pressure gas is exhausted from the shell exhaust port 14a through the inner exhaust pipe 13 a.
However, the discharge valve used in such a compressor has the following problems: (1) the mass of the exhaust valve is large, so that the inertia force of the valve is large, and the timely opening and closing performance of the exhaust valve is poor; (2) due to the fact that the rigidity of the exhaust valve is high, the pressure of the compression cavity overcomes the spring force of the exhaust valve, exhaust loss is large (see an exhaust section of a working curve shown in figure 2), and the efficiency of the compressor is low; (3) the diameter of the exhaust port is equal to the diameter of the cylinder, and the size of the exhaust port is larger. The leakage surface from the exhaust cavity to the compression cavity is large in circumference, dynamic leakage is easy to occur, the clearance expansion amount is large (see the expansion section of the working curve shown in fig. 2), the effective discharge capacity of the compressor is reduced, the refrigerating capacity is low, and the efficiency of the compressor is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an exhaust valve device, a compressor and heat exchange equipment, which can meet the use requirement of the novel compressor, enable the exhaust valve to have good timely opening and closing characteristics and improve the efficiency of the compressor.
In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides an exhaust valve device, including an exhaust valve seat, an exhaust valve, and an exhaust valve spring, where the exhaust valve seat is provided with an exhaust port communicating with a cavity to be exhausted, the exhaust valve spring is used to press the exhaust valve and the exhaust valve seat against a housing corresponding to the cavity to be exhausted, the exhaust valve is located between the exhaust valve spring and the exhaust valve seat, the exhaust valve is an elastic sheet and is attached to an end surface of the exhaust valve seat to close the exhaust port, and is used to lift up when the pressure of the cavity to be exhausted is greater than a set value, so that the exhaust port is opened to exhaust, and after the exhaust is finished, the exhaust valve springs back to close the exhaust port.
Further, the exhaust valve comprises an exhaust port sealing part and an elastic arm, wherein the exhaust port sealing part is used for sealing the exhaust port, and the elastic arm is used for receiving the pressure of the exhaust valve spring so that the exhaust valve is abutted against the end face of the exhaust valve seat.
Further, the exhaust valve limiting device is arranged between the exhaust valve spring and the exhaust valve, a limiting groove matched with the elastic arm is formed in the exhaust valve limiting device, and the limiting groove only allows radial displacement of the exhaust valve.
Further, the cross section of the limiting groove is radially and inwardly reduced.
Furthermore, a guide post is arranged between the exhaust valve seat and the exhaust valve limiter, a guide groove is formed in the free end of the elastic arm, and the guide post penetrates through the guide groove and is used for guiding the movement of the exhaust valve relative to the exhaust valve seat.
The exhaust valve is characterized by further comprising an exhaust valve support member and an exhaust valve cover which are arranged on the shell, the exhaust valve cover is sleeved outside the exhaust valve support member, an exhaust hole is formed in the side wall of the exhaust valve cover, an air vent is formed in the bottom surface of the exhaust valve support member, and a silencing cavity is formed between the inner wall of the exhaust valve cover and the outer wall of the exhaust valve support member.
Furthermore, the edge of the exhaust port close to one side of the exhaust valve is provided with a convex surface, and the vertex of the convex surface is not lower than the installation surface between the exhaust valve and the exhaust valve seat.
Further, the surface of the exhaust valve seat pressed on the shell is a finish machining surface.
Further, the effective flow area KA of the exhaust valve deviceeAnd the area (KA) of the exhaust port1And valve clearance effective area (KA)2Satisfies the following formula:
wherein,d1is the diameter of the exhaust port, d2Is the effective diameter of the valve clearance, h is the lift height of the exhaust valve, K2Is a flow coefficient, and K and h/0.5d2Correlation;
effective flow area A of the exhaust valve devicedeObtained by the following formula:
wherein M is Mach number, QdIs the exhaust volume flow; and KAe＝Ade。
Further, the stiffness k of the exhaust valve is obtained by the following formula:
and h is the maximum lift of the exhaust valve, and p is the gas density.
In order to achieve the above object, a second aspect of the present invention provides a compressor, including the exhaust valve device according to the above embodiment, wherein the cavity to be exhausted is a compression cavity, and the housing is a cylinder.
In order to achieve the above object, a third aspect of the present invention provides a heat exchange device, including the compressor of the above embodiment.
Based on the technical scheme, when the exhaust valve device is used for the compressor, the exhaust valve spring is adopted to press the exhaust valve and the exhaust valve seat on the cylinder, and when the piston moves beyond the cylinder head of the cylinder under the control of the motor, the exhaust valve device moves along with the piston, so that parts can be prevented from being damaged by collision, and the requirement of the aforementioned novel compressor can be met. The exhaust valve in the exhaust valve device adopts the elastic sheet, so that not only can the inertia force of the valve be reduced, and the valve can be opened and closed quickly in time, but also the exhaust loss can be reduced due to the lower rigidity of the exhaust valve, and the efficiency of the compressor is improved; in addition, the diameter of the exhaust port is smaller than that of the cylinder, so that dynamic leakage can be reduced, the clearance expansion amount is reduced, the effective discharge capacity of the compressor is improved, the refrigerating capacity is improved, and the efficiency of the compressor is further improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art bleed apparatus suitable for use in the new compressor;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a comparison of an actual operating curve and a theoretical operating curve of the compressor shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of one embodiment of the exhaust valve assembly of the present invention;
FIGS. 4a and 4b are a cross-sectional view and a top view, respectively, of an embodiment of an exhaust valve seat in an exhaust valve assembly according to the present invention;
FIGS. 5a and 5b are a cross-sectional view and a top view, respectively, of another embodiment of an exhaust valve seat in an exhaust valve assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view illustrating an embodiment of an exhaust valve in the exhaust valve device according to the present invention;
FIGS. 7a and 7b are a sectional view and a plan view, respectively, of an exhaust valve stopper in the exhaust valve device according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the assembly of the exhaust valve seat, the exhaust valve and the exhaust valve stopper of the exhaust valve device of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the exhaust valve device of the present invention installed in the compressor cylinder after the end of the exhaust;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing a state in which the discharge valve device of the present invention is installed in the discharge stage of the cylinder of the compressor;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing the state of the piston protruding out of the cylinder head during the operation of the compressor of the present invention;
FIGS. 12a and 12b are a front view and a K-K sectional view, respectively, of a combination exhaust valve cover and exhaust valve support member of the exhaust valve apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing the correspondence between the effective flow area and the lift of the exhaust valve device according to the present invention;
fig. 14 is an exhaust lift curve of the exhaust valve device of the present invention when the exhaust valve rigidity is small.
Description of the reference numerals
1 a-housing air intake; 2 a-a motor mover; 3 a-a piston; 4 a-a spring cover; 5 a-a fixing plate; 6 a-a motor stator; 7 a-a cylinder; 8 a-a first spring; 9 a-exhaust valve; 10 a-exhaust valve spring; 11 a-exhaust valve support; 12 a-an exhaust valve cover; 13 a-an inner exhaust pipe; 14 a-housing exhaust; 15 a-a second spring; 16 a-a housing;
1-an exhaust valve cover; 2-an exhaust valve support; 3-exhaust valve spring; 4-exhaust valve stopper; 5-an exhaust valve; 6-exhaust valve seat; 7-a cylinder; 8-a compression chamber; 9-suction valve fixing part; 10-an exhaust chamber; 11-an exhaust hole; 21-a vent hole; 41-inclined plane; 42-a pilot hole; 43-a limit groove; 51-a vent seal; 52-a resilient arm; 53-a guide groove; 61-an exhaust port; 62-a guide post; 63-convex surface; 64-cylindrical pins; 71-cylinder head.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below. In the following paragraphs, different aspects of the embodiments are defined in more detail. Aspects so defined may be combined with any other aspect or aspects unless clearly indicated to the contrary. In particular, any feature considered to be preferred or advantageous may be combined with one or more other features considered to be preferred or advantageous.
The terms "first", "second", and the like in the present invention are merely for convenience of description to distinguish different constituent elements having the same name, and do not denote a sequential or primary-secondary relationship.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical" and "horizontal" etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention.
In order to solve the problems of the exhaust valve device in the prior art, a first aspect of the present invention provides an improved exhaust valve device, as shown in fig. 3 to 6, including an exhaust valve seat 6, an exhaust valve 5 and an exhaust valve spring 3, where the exhaust valve seat 6 is provided with an exhaust port 61 communicating with a cavity to be exhausted, the exhaust valve spring 3 is used to press the exhaust valve 5 and the exhaust valve seat 6 against a housing corresponding to the cavity to be exhausted, and the exhaust valve 5 is located between the exhaust valve spring 3 and the exhaust valve seat 6, the exhaust valve 5 is an elastic sheet and is abutted against an end face of the exhaust valve seat 6 to close the exhaust port 61, and is used to lift when the pressure of the cavity to be exhausted is greater than a set value, so that the exhaust port 61 is opened to perform exhaust, and the exhaust valve 5 rebounds to close the exhaust port.
In the exhaust valve device, the exhaust valve is an elastic sheet, compared with a structure which adopts a conical block as the exhaust valve in the prior art corresponding to the structure shown in figure 1, the exhaust valve device has smaller mass and smaller inertia force, so that the exhaust valve can be quickly opened or closed when reaching opening or closing pressure, namely, the response speed is improved, and the valve has better timely opening and closing performance; the elastic sheet serving as the exhaust valve has lower rigidity, so that the pressure loss of lifting the exhaust valve in the exhaust process can be reduced as much as possible; in addition, the exhaust valve seat is pressed on the shell corresponding to the cavity to be exhausted, and the exhaust port is arranged on the exhaust valve seat.
The exhaust valve device can be applied to various devices needing to control exhaust, and is preferably applied to a compressor for communicating or separating a compression cavity and an exhaust cavity to realize whether the exhaust is carried out or not. According to the scheme of the invention, the exhaust valve spring is adopted to press the exhaust valve and the exhaust valve seat against the cylinder, and when the piston moves beyond the cylinder head of the cylinder under the control of the motor (the position of the cylinder head is shown in figure 11), the exhaust valve device moves along with the piston, so that the parts can be prevented from being damaged by collision, and the requirement of the aforementioned novel compressor can be met. Moreover, the exhaust valve device can reduce the loss of exhaust pressure and improve the efficiency of the compressor; the advantage of reducing dynamic leakage can reduce the clearance expansion volume of compressor to improve the effective discharge capacity of compressor, improve the refrigerating output, in order to further improve the efficiency of compressor, the comprehensive properties of compressor has just so been promoted. The clearance expansion amount refers to that when the piston moves to a position where the cylinder 7 is close to the cylinder head 71, high-pressure gas in the clearance volume can remain in the cylinder and cannot be completely discharged, when the piston moves in the reverse direction, the suction valve cannot be opened immediately under the action of pressure difference, the high-pressure gas expands firstly and then can perform a suction process, and the clearance expansion can reduce the effective suction stroke of the piston, so that the effective suction amount is reduced.
The construction of the discharge valve device according to the present invention will be described in detail below, taking the application in a compressor as an example, after understanding the main advantages thereof.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, 9 and 11, the elastic piece of the exhaust valve 5 includes an exhaust port sealing portion 51 and an elastic arm 52, the exhaust port sealing portion 51 is used for sealing the exhaust port 61, the elastic arm 52 is used for receiving the pressure of the exhaust valve spring 3 so that the exhaust valve 5 abuts against the end face of the exhaust valve seat 6, and the exhaust valve 5 does not need to be fastened to any part. In this embodiment, the exhaust valve spring 3 is pressed on the elastic arm 52 and is in a pre-compression state, the pre-compression force is used to overcome the pressure difference between the compression chamber 8 and the exhaust chamber 10, not only the exhaust valve seat 6 can be tightly attached to the cylinder head 71 to ensure a good sealing state between the exhaust valve seat 6 and the cylinder 7, but also when the piston protrudes out of the cylinder head 71 under the control of the motor, the exhaust valve spring 3 deforms to enable the exhaust valve seat 6, the exhaust valve 5 and the exhaust valve stopper 4 to move together with the piston, thereby avoiding parts from being damaged by collision and further improving the service life of the exhaust valve device.
If the discharge port 61 is opened in the center of the discharge valve seat 6, referring to fig. 10 and 11, the discharge port 61 may give way to the suction valve fixing member 9 to reduce the discharge clearance of the compressor, and the size of the discharge port 61 depends on the effective flow area required for the discharge valve device. For this embodiment, it is preferable to arrange two elastic arms 52 symmetrically on both sides of the circular exhaust port sealing portion 51, so that during the exhaust process, the middle portion of the exhaust valve 5 is arched, the two free ends are still pressed against the exhaust valve seat 6, the force is more uniform, of course, the angle between the two elastic arms 52 can be changed, or only one elastic arm 52 can be arranged.
In the embodiment corresponding to fig. 4a and 5a, the exhaust valve seat 6 is a disc-shaped structure, the edge of the exhaust port 61 near the exhaust valve 5 is provided with a convex surface 63, and the vertex of the convex surface 63 is not lower than the mounting surface B between the exhaust valve 5 and the exhaust valve seat 6, so as to avoid gas leakage. Preferably, the convex surface 63 having a circular arc shape may be employed so that the contact form of the exhaust port sealing portion 51 with the exhaust valve seat 6 is a line contact, which may improve the timely opening performance of the exhaust valve. Further, the surface a of the exhaust valve seat 6 pressed against the housing is a finished surface, and the sealing performance between the exhaust valve seat 6 and the cylinder head 71 can be improved.
In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in the sectional view of fig. 7a and the plan view of fig. 7b, the exhaust valve device further includes an exhaust valve stopper 4, the exhaust valve stopper 4 is disposed between the exhaust valve spring 3 and the exhaust valve 5, and the exhaust valve stopper 4 is provided with a stopper groove 43 fitted with the elastic arm 52, and the stopper groove 43 allows only the radial displacement of the exhaust valve 5. The position of the exhaust valve 5 is further limited by the positioning of the limiting groove 43 in this embodiment, and only the exhaust valve 5 is allowed to be lifted or laid flat along the limiting groove 43 and cannot rotate relative to the exhaust valve stopper 4.
In a preferred embodiment, the cross section of the limiting groove 43 decreases radially inward, so that the groove bottom of the limiting groove 43 forms a slope 41 and forms an angle α with the horizontal plane for limiting the intermediate lifting height of the exhaust valve 5, the angle α being dependent on the maximum lift hc of the exhaust valve 5 from the exhaust port 61.
In a further embodiment of the present invention, in order to make the exhaust valve 5 more stable during movement, as shown in fig. 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b and 6, a guide post 62 is provided between the exhaust valve seat 6 and the exhaust valve stopper 4, the free end of the elastic arm 52 is provided with a guide groove 53, the guide groove 53 may be an oblong hole or an oblong hole with one open end, and the guide post 62 is inserted into the guide groove 53 for sliding the guide post 62 in the guide groove 53 to provide a guide function for sliding elastic deformation of the exhaust valve 5 during movement of the exhaust valve 5 relative to the exhaust valve seat 6.
In a first implementation form, as shown in fig. 4a and 4b, two guide posts 62 are symmetrically arranged at the position close to the circumference of the exhaust valve seat 6 and form an integral structure with the main body of the exhaust valve seat 6, and accordingly, a guide hole 42 is formed in the limiting groove 43 of the exhaust valve stopper 4, and the free end of the guide post 62 passes through the guide groove 53 and then enters the guide hole 42, referring to fig. 8. In a second embodiment, as shown in fig. 5a and 5b, the guide post 62 is a cylindrical pin 64 that is inserted into a hole formed in the body of the exhaust valve seat 6, and accordingly, a guide hole 42 is formed in the stopper groove 43 of the exhaust valve stopper 4. In the third embodiment, the guide hole 42 is provided in the exhaust valve seat 6, and the guide post 62 is provided in the stopper groove 43 of the exhaust valve stopper 4.
The exhaust valve stopper 4, the exhaust valve 5 and the exhaust valve seat 6 mentioned in the above embodiments are assembled into a unit, as shown in fig. 8, the exhaust valve 5 is not fixedly restrained, and the exhaust valve 5 is in a free state in the assembly within a small displacement range; in the large displacement range, the exhaust valve 5 is restrained by the mounting surface B of the exhaust valve seat 6, the stopper groove 43, and the lift stopper portion of the exhaust valve stopper 4.
On the basis of the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 9 and fig. 12a and 12b, the exhaust valve device may further include an exhaust valve support 2 and an exhaust valve cover 1, the exhaust valve support 2 is used for supporting the exhaust valve spring 3, the exhaust valve cover 1 is sleeved outside the exhaust valve support 2 and fixed on the mounting surface of the cylinder 7, the mounting surface is lower than the cylinder head 71, and the exhaust valve support 2 and the mounting surface can be sealed. Moreover, the side wall of the exhaust valve cover 1 is provided with an exhaust hole 11, the bottom surface of the exhaust valve support part 2 is provided with a vent hole 21, a silencing cavity C is formed between the inner wall of the exhaust valve cover 1 and the outer wall of the exhaust valve support part 2, and high-pressure gas enters the silencing cavity C from the hole and is expanded to weaken airflow noise in the exhaust process, so that the silencing function is realized.
In order to make the working process of the discharge valve device of the present invention clear to those skilled in the art, the following will be described in detail by taking the application thereof in a compressor and combining a series of state diagrams shown in fig. 9, 10 and 11.
As shown in fig. 9, when the residual air in the compression chamber 8 expands and the air is sucked and compressed, the a1 surface (upper surface) of the discharge valve 5 is in close contact with the arc protrusion surface 63 of the discharge port 61 and is sealed because the air pressure in the discharge chamber 10 is higher than the air pressure in the compression chamber 8.
As shown in fig. 10, when the gas in the compression chamber 8 is compressed, the pressure thereof is slightly greater than the gas pressure in the exhaust chamber 10, the a1 surface of the exhaust valve 5 is separated from the arc protrusion surface 63 of the exhaust port 61, the B1 surface (lower surface) of the exhaust valve 5 is limited by the a2 surface of the exhaust valve stopper 4, the guide groove 53 of the exhaust valve 5 slides along the guide post 62, the B2 surface of the exhaust valve stopper 4 is pressed by the exhaust valve spring 3, and the exhaust valve 5 is in an elastically deformed state with a middle arch, which is the exhaust stage of the compressor. The maximum lift hc of the exhaust valve 5 from the exhaust port 61 is determined by the effective flow area of the exhaust valve arrangement.
When the compressor finishes discharging, under the action of the self elastic force of the exhaust valve 5, the exhaust valve 5 slides along the surface A2 of the exhaust valve stopper 4 and the guide post 62, the exhaust valve 5 is changed into a shape from the middle arched state, and the surface A1 of the exhaust valve is attached to the arc convex surface 63 of the exhaust port 61, namely, the state shown in FIG. 9 is returned.
As shown in fig. 11, when the piston protrudes from the cylinder head 71 by a distance h0 under the control of the motor, the exhaust valve spring 3 is deformed so that the exhaust valve seat 6, the exhaust valve 5, and the exhaust valve stopper 4 move together with the piston, thereby preventing parts from being damaged by impact.
Aiming at compressors of different models, the exhaust valve devices of different sizes are required to be designed according to exhaust requirements, and the key parameter design method of each part in the exhaust valve device is as follows:
effective flow area KA of the exhaust valve deviceeArea KA with the exhaust port 611Effective area KA of valve clearance2Satisfies the following formula:
wherein,d1is the diameter of the exhaust port 61, d2Is the effective diameter of the valve clearance, and h is the lifting height, i.e. the lift, of the exhaust valve 5;
for a valve of this type of construction, the flow coefficient K2Mainly with h/0.5d2Related, the selection can be made according to table 1 below:
| h/0.5d2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.4 |
| K2 | 0.92～0.7 | 0.85～0.65 | 0.75～0.6 | 0.70～0.58 |
| h/0.5d2 | 0.5 | 0.60 | 0.7 | 0.8 |
| K2 | 0.6～0.5 | 0.54～0.53 | 0.52 | 0.49 |
TABLE 1 flow coefficient K2Selection list
When the lift h of the exhaust valve 5 is small, the resistance comes mainly from the valve clearance when the gas flows through the exhaust valve 5. As the lift h increases, the flow resistance mainly originates from the passage between the exhaust valve 5 and the exhaust valve support 2, after a certain degree of increase. Effective flow area KAeThe variation with lift h is shown in fig. 13.
Actual compressor discharge volume flow of QdIn time, the refrigerant and working conditions used by the compressor determineThen different effective flow areas A are required under different Mach number M design requirementsdeEffective flow area A of the exhaust valve devicedeIt can also be obtained by the following formula:
the Mach number M is designed to be between 0.15 and 0.25, and the effective through flow area A is obtained through calculationdeAfter that, the air conditioner is started to work,according to KA as shown in FIG. 13eThe curve corresponds to the maximum lift hc of the exhaust valve. Let KA of formula (1) againeIs equal to A of formula (2)deThus, the relationship between the diameter d1 of the exhaust port 61 at a certain mach number M and the effective diameter d2 of the valve clearance can be determined, and one of the parameters is given in design, namely, the other parameter can be obtained.
The stiffness k of the exhaust valve 5 will then be calculated, the maximum lift hc which the exhaust valve 5 must be able to reach under the influence of the gas thrust. The nature of the gas forces is rather complex throughout the period in which the exhaust valve 5 is open. The average gas force required to bring the exhaust valve 5 to the opening height is roughly estimated according to the impulse law as follows:
where hc is the maximum lift of the exhaust valve 5 and ρ is the gas density.
And (3) estimating the rigidity k of the exhaust valve 5 according to a formula (3), eliminating the delayed closing phenomenon of the exhaust valve by combining an exhaust valve lift test experiment, and finally determining the rigidity k of the exhaust valve 5, wherein the parameters are used for ensuring that the exhaust valve 5 can reach the maximum lift hc in time and can be closed in time. The exhaust lift curve shown in fig. 14 reflects a late closing with a lower exhaust valve stiffness, where the S1 curve is the piston displacement curve and the S2 curve is the exhaust valve lift curve.
The next step is to determine the angle alpha of the inclined surface 41 in the exhaust valve stopper 4 by finite element analysis, combining the stiffness k of the exhaust valve 5 and the maximum lift hc of the exhaust valve 5.
The second aspect of the present invention also provides a compressor, as shown in fig. 9, fig. 10 and fig. 11, including the exhaust valve device according to the above embodiments, in which the cavity to be exhausted is a compression cavity 8, and the housing is a cylinder 7. The installation relationship and the function of the components have been described in detail above by taking the exhaust valve device as an example for application in a compressor, and the effect of the improvement of the exhaust valve on the performance of the compressor is only briefly described here, which is mainly reflected in that: (1) the exhaust opening and closing actions respond rapidly with the change of the pressure in the compression cavity; (2) reduced discharge losses result in increased compressor efficiency; (3) the dynamic leakage reduction during the exhaust can reduce the clearance expansion amount of the compressor, so that the effective displacement of the piston is increased, the effective discharge capacity of the compressor is increased, the refrigerating capacity is improved, and the efficiency of the compressor is improved; (4) the exhaust valve seat is supported by the exhaust valve spring, so that the impact of the piston on the exhaust valve seat and the cylinder can be buffered, and the service life of the compressor is effectively prolonged.
The third aspect of the present invention further provides a heat exchange device, including the compressor described in the above embodiment, and the above paragraphs have introduced various advantages possessed by the compressor of the present invention, so that the heat exchange device equipped with the compressor can achieve better heat exchange performance correspondingly.
The exhaust valve device, the compressor and the heat exchange equipment provided by the invention are described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to aid in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An exhaust valve device is characterized by comprising an exhaust valve seat (6), an exhaust valve (5), an exhaust valve spring (3) and an exhaust valve limiter (4), the exhaust valve seat (6) is provided with an exhaust port (61) communicated with the cavity to be exhausted, the exhaust valve spring (3) is used for pressing the exhaust valve (5) and the exhaust valve seat (6) against the corresponding shell of the cavity to be exhausted, the exhaust valve (5) is positioned between the exhaust valve spring (3) and the exhaust valve seat (6), the exhaust valve (5) is an elastic sheet, and abuts against one end face of the exhaust valve seat (6) to close the exhaust port (61), used for lifting in an elastic deformation state of middle arch when the pressure of the cavity to be exhausted is larger than a set value, so that the exhaust port (61) is opened for exhausting, the exhaust valve (5) rebounds to close the exhaust port (61) after the exhaust is finished;
the exhaust valve (5) comprises an exhaust port sealing part (51) and an elastic arm (52), the exhaust port sealing part (51) is used for sealing the exhaust port (61), and the elastic arm (52) is used for receiving the pressure of the exhaust valve spring (3) so that the exhaust valve (5) is abutted against the end face of the exhaust valve seat (6);
the exhaust valve limiting device (4) is arranged between the exhaust valve spring (3) and the exhaust valve (5), the exhaust valve limiting device (4) is provided with a limiting groove (43) matched with the elastic arm (52), and the limiting groove (43) only allows the radial displacement of the exhaust valve (5).
2. A vent valve device according to claim 1, wherein the cross-section of the stopper groove (43) is radially inwardly tapered.
3. An exhaust valve device according to claim 1, characterized in that a guide post (62) is arranged between the exhaust valve seat (6) and the exhaust valve stopper (4), the free end of the elastic arm (52) is provided with a guide groove (53), and the guide post (62) is arranged in the guide groove (53) in a penetrating way for guiding the movement of the exhaust valve (5) relative to the exhaust valve seat (6).
4. An exhaust valve device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising an exhaust valve support member (2) and an exhaust valve cover (1) which are arranged on the housing, wherein the exhaust valve cover (1) is sleeved outside the exhaust valve support member (2), an exhaust hole (11) is arranged on the side wall of the exhaust valve cover (1), a vent hole (21) is arranged on the bottom surface of the exhaust valve support member (2), and a silencing cavity (C) is formed between the inner wall of the exhaust valve cover (1) and the outer wall of the exhaust valve support member (2).
5. A discharge valve device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a convex surface (63) is provided on an edge of the discharge port (61) on a side close to the discharge valve (5), and a vertex of the convex surface (63) is not lower than a mounting surface (B) between the discharge valve (5) and the discharge valve seat (6).
6. A discharge valve device according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the surface (a) of the discharge valve seat (6) pressed against said housing is a finished surface.
7. Exhaust valve device according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the effective flow area (KA) of the exhaust valve deviceeAnd the area (KA) of the exhaust port (61)1And valve clearance effective area (KA)2Satisfies the following formula:
<mrow> <msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>K</mi> <mi>A</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>e</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msqrt> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <msubsup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>K</mi> <mi>A</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> </mfrac> <mo>+</mo> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <msubsup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>K</mi> <mi>A</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> </mfrac> </mrow> </mfrac> </msqrt> </mrow>
wherein,d1is the diameter of the exhaust port (61), d2Is the effective diameter of the valve clearance, h is the lifting height of the exhaust valve (5), K2Is a flow coefficient, and K2And h/0.5d2Correlation;
effective flow area A of the exhaust valve devicedeObtained by the following formula:
<mrow> <msub> <mi>A</mi> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>e</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>Q</mi> <mi>d</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mi>M</mi> <msqrt> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mi>R</mi> <mi>T</mi> </mrow> </msqrt> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow>
wherein M is Mach number, QdIs the exhaust volume flow; and (KA)e＝Ade。
8. An exhaust valve arrangement according to claim 7, characterized in that the stiffness k of the exhaust valve (5) is given by the formula:
<mrow> <msub> <mi>kh</mi> <mi>c</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mi>&rho;</mi> <msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>K</mi> <mi>A</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>e</mi> </msub> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>M</mi> <msqrt> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mi>R</mi> <mi>T</mi> </mrow> </msqrt> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow>
wherein hc is the maximum lift of the exhaust valve (5), and ρ is the gas density.
9. A compressor, characterized by comprising the exhaust valve device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the cavity to be exhausted is a compression cavity (8), and the shell is a cylinder (7).
10. A heat exchange apparatus comprising the compressor of claim 9.
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| CN201510778738.5A CN105257512B (en) | 2015-11-12 | 2015-11-12 | Discharge valve apparatus, compressor and heat transmission equipment |
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| CN201510778738.5A CN105257512B (en) | 2015-11-12 | 2015-11-12 | Discharge valve apparatus, compressor and heat transmission equipment |
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| CN105257512B true CN105257512B (en) | 2017-09-19 |
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| CN205117672U (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-03-30 | 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 | Air bleeding valve device, compressor and indirect heating equipment |
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| US4723896A (en) * | 1987-04-30 | 1988-02-09 | White Consolidated Industries, Inc. | Compressor discharge valve assembly |
| JP2899513B2 (en) * | 1993-11-25 | 1999-06-02 | 松下冷機株式会社 | Hermetic compressor |
| CN103672061A (en) * | 2012-09-03 | 2014-03-26 | 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 | Vent valve |
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| CN205117672U (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-03-30 | 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 | Air bleeding valve device, compressor and indirect heating equipment |
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