CN105257212A - Drilling tool with spinning coupling function and operating method of drilling tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a drilling tool with a spinning coupling function in the drilling process and an operating method of the drilling tool, and aims to improve the drilling efficiency and the penetration rate and reduce the drilling cost. The technical scheme is that an overflow valve is mounted in an upper connector; a control valve at the lower part of the upper connector is in threaded connection with an inner hole of the upper connector; the control valve, a casing and the upper end surface of a core shaft form a volume variable cavity; a fluid passage is formed in the middle of the core shaft; a sealing part is arranged between the outer wall of the upper end of the core shaft and the inner wall of the casing; a thread in the lower part of the core shaft is used for being connected with a drilling bit; a spiral hole is formed in a spinning sleeve; followers of the spinning sleeve are mounted on the core shaft; one-way lower ratchets are arranged at the bottom of the spinning sleeve, and are matched with upper ratchets at the upper part of a lower connector. The drilling tool is simple in structure, is suitable for the well repairing and drilling operations, and can provide torque and impact power at the same time, weaken the stick-slip phenomenon of the drilling bit, increase the penetration rate, improve the drilling efficiency and reduce the drilling cost.

Description

One is spun coupling drilling tool and method of work thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of for providing drilling tool and the method for work thereof of coupling of spinning in drilling process, being applicable to, in oil and gas well drilling engineering and well workover service, also can be used for geological prospecting hole and creep into engineering.

Background technology

The drilling tool major part that current oil field adopts can only be single axial impact force or circumferential moment of torsion are provided, for harder stratum or abrasive layer, when drilling tool only provides axial impact force, the depth of tooth penetration of drill bit is inadequate, and rate of penetration has much room for improvement; And when drilling tool only provides circumferential moment of torsion, often lack enough moments of torsion to destroy stratum, thus drill bit is stopped operating instantaneously, there is stick-slip, bit freezing phenomenon, at this moment drill string can tighten as clockwork spring, discharges fast again after moment of torsion gathers, and causes drill string to reverse concussion, drill bit also can be subject to higher shock loading simultaneously, the application life of drill bit, drill string matching component is had a negative impact.

In order to improve bit speed, except drilling technology such as research bit technique, jetting breaking technique for rock etc., also been proposed rotary percussion drilling technological concept, its core content is that drilling tool applies circumferential moment of torsion to drill bit providing axial impact loading while, by a large amount of technical research and on-the-spot application attestation, rotary percussion drilling significantly can improve the rate of penetration of drilling well, reaches the object of broken rock fast.Therefore the present invention proposes one to spin coupling drilling tool and method of work thereof, the fluid power conversion of drilling fluid is moment of torsion and axial impact loading by this instrument, and directly acts on drill bit, substantially increases drilling efficiency.This tool construction is simple, and length is short, overcomes the problem that conventional drilling instrument is large, stupid, heavy, is with a wide range of applications.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is to reconnoitre exploitation drilling well for natural petroleum gas field drilling well, non-oil resource provides one to spin coupling drilling tool and method of work thereof, this instrument significantly improves drill bit efficiency of breaking rock and drilling machinery drilling speed, and length is short, structure is simple, has the wide using value sent out.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: one spins that coupling drilling tool mainly comprises excess flow valve, top connection, flow control valve, spring lever, overcurrent baffle plate, valve head, seal, spring, shell, mandrel, lower ratchet, upper ratchet, centre bore, unloads valve spring, follower, the sleeve that spins, lower contact, adjustment chamber, control valve, valve seat, threaded hole, on hold the face of hitting and under hold the face of hitting (23); It is characterized in that: top connection is threaded connection in shell upper, excess flow valve is equipped with in its inside; Control valve is arranged on top connection lower end, and the upper surface of it and shell, mandrel together constitutes adjustment chamber; Control valve by flow control valve, spring lever, overcurrent baffle plate, valve head, unload valve spring and form; The outer surface of upper of mandrel and the inner surface of shell form matched in clearance, have seal between the two, mandrel has follower, contact with the threaded hole of spinning on sleeve; Spin on sleeve and have three threaded hole, lower surface has lower ratchet; Lower contact is connected to the lower end of shell, and its top has unidirectional upper ratchet to contact with the lower ratchet of the sleeve that spins; The screw thread of mandrel bottom is used for connecting drill bit; Coupling drilling tool method of work of spinning is: when in running order, the pressure reduction of fluid is relied on to be pressed on valve seat by valve head, fluid flows into and regulates in chamber, along with increasing of fluid, the pressure in chamber and volume is regulated to increase, promotion shell moves upward, thus promotion drill string moves upward; Move upward in process at shell, the relative mandrel of the sleeve that spins moves upward, follower and the threaded hole of spinning on sleeve interact, and the lower ratchet of sleeve lower end of spinning and the upper ratchet of lower contact interact, the sleeve that makes to spin is fixed, so spin, sleeve produces tangential forces to mandrel, thus forms moment of torsion; After shell moves upward, valve head is separated with valve seat, and fluid flows out through the hydrophthalmia of centre bore from drill bit, and the pressure reduction of valve head and valve base chamber reduces, and regulate the pressure in chamber also to reduce, the drill string on shell and top starts to move downward; Under the effect of unloading valve spring, valve head moves upward, under the Action of Gravity Field of spring and drill string self, on hold to hit and hold the face of hitting under on the drill bit and clash into, ballistic work is produced to drill bit, shell and mandrel start to return to initial relative position, in the process that shell moves downward, follower still interacts with threaded hole, create active force contrary when moving upward with shell, but due to lower ratchet and upper ratchet be all unidirectional, the sleeve that cannot make to spin is fixed, also just cannot produce moment of torsion to mandrel, therefore mandrel can not reversely rotate; When valve head and mandrel are all returned to initial position, continue the above-mentioned course of work of circulation; Pressure and the speed of fluid can be measured and control by excess flow valve, thus determine the cycle period of control valve, fast impact repeatedly can make drill bit do lasting periodic rotary relative to drill string, simultaneously under the effect of the pressure of the drill and ballistic work, improves rate of penetration and drilling efficiency.

The hard alloy coating of the ratchet surface spraying 0.5-1.5mm of described lower ratchet and upper ratchet.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the liquid energy of drilling fluid can be converted into coupling load of spinning by (1) this instrument, and directly acts on drill bit, substantially increases efficiency of breaking rock; (2) the coupling power of spinning that drilling tool produces can weaken the stick-slip phenomenon of drill bit, significantly improves rate of penetration; (3) this tool construction is simple, and length is short, can use in deflecting operation and crooked hole.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of coupling drilling tool that spins of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the generalized section that a kind of coupling drilling tool that spins of the present invention is obtained by cross section A-A.

Fig. 3 is the sleeve schematic diagram that spins of a kind of coupling drilling tool that spins of the present invention.

In figure: 1. excess flow valve, 2. top connection, 3. flow control valve, 4. spring lever, 5. overcurrent baffle plate, 6. valve head, 7. seal, 8. spring, 9. shell, 10. mandrel, 11. times ratchets, ratchet on 12., 13. centre bores, 14. unload valve spring, 15. followers, and 16. spin sleeve, 17. lower contacts, 18. regulate chamber, 19. control valves, 20. valve seats, 21. threaded hole, hold the face of hitting on 22., hold the face of hitting 23. times.

Detailed description of the invention

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 shows, one of the present invention is spun coupling drilling tool and method of work thereof, mainly comprise excess flow valve 1, top connection 2, flow control valve 3, spring lever 4, overcurrent baffle plate 5, valve head 6, seal 7, spring 8, shell 9, mandrel 10, lower ratchet 11, upper ratchet 12, centre bore 13, unload valve spring 14, follower 15, the sleeve 16 that spins, lower contact 17, regulate chamber 18, control valve 19, valve seat 20, threaded hole 21, on hold the face of hitting 22 and under hold the face of hitting 23; It is characterized in that: top connection 2 is threaded connection on shell 9 top, and excess flow valve 1 is equipped with in its inside; Control valve 19 is arranged on top connection 2 lower end, and the upper surface of it and shell 9, mandrel 10 together constitutes and regulates chamber 18; Control valve 19 by flow control valve 3, spring lever 4, overcurrent baffle plate 5, valve head 6, unload valve spring 14 and form; The outer surface of upper of mandrel 10 and the inner surface of shell 9 form matched in clearance, have seal 7 between the two, mandrel 10 have follower 15, contact with the threaded hole 21 of spinning on sleeve 16; Spin on sleeve 16 and have three threaded hole 21, lower surface has lower ratchet 11; Lower contact 17 is connected to the lower end of shell 9, and its top has unidirectional upper ratchet 12 to contact with the lower ratchet 11 of the sleeve 16 that spins; The screw thread of mandrel 10 bottom is used for connecting drill bit; The hard alloy coating of the ratchet surface spraying 0.5-1.5mm of described lower ratchet 11 and upper ratchet 12.

Described one coupling drilling tool method of work of spinning is: when in running order, the pressure reduction of fluid is relied on to be pressed on valve seat 20 by valve head 6, fluid flows into and regulates in chamber 18, along with increasing of fluid, the pressure in chamber 18 and volume is regulated to increase, promote shell 9 to move upward, thus promotion drill string moves upward, move upward in process at shell 9, the sleeve 16 that spins relatively mandrel 10 moves upward, follower 15 and the threaded hole 21 of spinning on sleeve 16 interact, and the lower ratchet 11 of sleeve 16 lower end of spinning and the upper ratchet 12 of lower contact 17 interact, the sleeve 16 that makes to spin is fixed, so spin, sleeve 16 pairs of mandrels 10 produce tangential forces, thus form moment of torsion, after shell 9 moves upward, valve head 6 is separated with valve seat 20, and fluid flows out through the hydrophthalmia of centre bore 13 from drill bit, and the pressure reduction between valve head 6 and valve seat 20 reduces, and regulate the pressure in chamber 18 also to reduce, the drill string on shell 9 and top starts to move downward, under the effect of unloading valve spring 14, valve head moves upward, under the Action of Gravity Field of spring 8 and drill string self, on hold and hold the face of hitting 23 under on the drill bit of 22 pairs, the face of hitting and clash into, ballistic work is produced to drill bit, shell 9 and mandrel 10 start to return to initial relative position, in the process that shell 9 moves downward, follower 15 still interacts with threaded hole 21, create active force contrary when moving upward with shell 9, but because lower ratchet 11 and upper ratchet 12 are all unidirectional, the sleeve 16 that cannot make to spin is fixed, also just moment of torsion cannot be produced to mandrel 10, therefore mandrel 10 can not reversely rotate, when valve head 6 and mandrel 10 are all returned to initial position, continue the above-mentioned course of work of circulation, pressure and the speed of fluid can be measured and control by excess flow valve 1, thus determine the cycle period of control valve 19, fast impact repeatedly can make drill bit do lasting periodic rotary relative to drill string, simultaneously under the effect of the pressure of the drill and ballistic work, improves rate of penetration and drilling efficiency.

Claims (2)

1. spin coupling drilling tool and method of work thereof, mainly comprise excess flow valve (1), top connection (2), flow control valve (3), spring lever (4), overcurrent baffle plate (5), valve head (6), seal (7), spring (8), shell (9), mandrel (10), lower ratchet (11), upper ratchet (12), centre bore (13), unload valve spring (14), follower (15), spin sleeve (16), lower contact (17), regulate chamber (18), control valve (19), valve seat (20), threaded hole (21), on hold the face of hitting (22) and under hold the face of hitting (23), it is characterized in that: top connection (2) is threaded connection on shell (9) top, and excess flow valve (1) is equipped with in its inside, control valve (19) is arranged on top connection (2) lower end, and the upper surface of it and shell (9), mandrel (10) together constitutes and regulates chamber (18), control valve (19) by flow control valve (3), spring lever (4), overcurrent baffle plate (5), valve head (6), unload valve spring (14) and form, the outer surface of upper of mandrel (10) and the inner surface of shell (9) form matched in clearance, have seal (7) between the two, mandrel (10) have follower (15), contact with the threaded hole (21) on the sleeve that spins (16), spin on sleeve (16) and have three threaded hole (21), lower surface has lower ratchet (11), lower contact (17) is connected to the lower end of shell (9), and its top has unidirectional upper ratchet (12) to contact with the lower ratchet (11) of the sleeve that spins (16), the screw thread of mandrel (10) bottom is used for connecting drill bit, coupling drilling tool method of work of spinning is: when in running order, the pressure reduction of fluid is relied on to be pressed on valve seat (20) by valve head (6), fluid flows into and regulates in chamber (18), along with increasing of fluid, the pressure in chamber (18) and volume is regulated to increase, promote shell (9) to move upward, thus promotion drill string moves upward, move upward in process at shell (9), the sleeve (16) that spins relatively mandrel (10) moves upward, follower (15) and the threaded hole (21) of spinning on sleeve (16) interact, and the lower ratchet (11) of the sleeve that spins (16) lower end and the upper ratchet (12) of lower contact (17) interact, the sleeve (16) that makes to spin is fixed, so spin, sleeve (16) produces tangential forces to mandrel (10), thus forms moment of torsion, after shell (9) moves upward, valve head (6) is separated with valve seat (20), fluid flows out through the hydrophthalmia of centre bore (13) from drill bit, pressure reduction between valve head (6) and valve seat (20) reduces, regulate the pressure in chamber (18) also to reduce, the drill string on shell (9) and top starts to move downward, under the effect of unloading valve spring (14), valve head moves upward, under the Action of Gravity Field of spring (8) and drill string self, on hold the face of hitting (22) and clash into holding the face of hitting (23) under on drill bit, ballistic work is produced to drill bit, shell (9) and mandrel (10) start to return to initial relative position, in the process that shell (9) moves downward, follower (15) still interacts with threaded hole (21), create active force contrary when moving upward with shell (9), but because lower ratchet (11) and upper ratchet (12) are all unidirectional, the sleeve (16) that cannot make to spin is fixed, also just moment of torsion cannot be produced to mandrel (10), therefore mandrel (10) can not reversely rotate, when valve head (6) and mandrel (10) are all returned to initial position, continue the above-mentioned course of work of circulation, pressure and the speed of fluid can be measured and control by excess flow valve (1), thus determine the cycle period of control valve (19), fast impact repeatedly can make drill bit do lasting periodic rotary relative to drill string, simultaneously under the effect of the pressure of the drill and ballistic work, improves rate of penetration and drilling efficiency.

2. one according to claim 1 is spun coupling drilling tool, it is characterized in that: the hard alloy coating of the ratchet surface spraying 0.5-1.5mm of described lower ratchet (11) and upper ratchet (12).