CN105252448B - A kind of preparation process for diamond-impregnated wheel of dry grinding - Google Patents
A kind of preparation process for diamond-impregnated wheel of dry grinding Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105252448B CN105252448B CN201510707511.1A CN201510707511A CN105252448B CN 105252448 B CN105252448 B CN 105252448B CN 201510707511 A CN201510707511 A CN 201510707511A CN 105252448 B CN105252448 B CN 105252448B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- diamond
- wheel
- segment
- impregnated wheel
- diamond segment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Landscapes
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation processes for diamond-impregnated wheel of dry grinding, and belong to construction material grinding tool technical field.The diamond-impregnated wheel includes abrasive wheel substrate and the diamond segment on abrasive wheel substrate;The preparation process of the diamond-impregnated wheel is:The diamond segment be by raw material powder after mixing, be made through Thermocompressed sintering and forming;The diamond segment with abrasive wheel substrate is welded as a whole by soldering processes again, diamond-impregnated wheel is made;The technological parameter of hot pressed sintering is:Sintering temperature is 670~730 DEG C, 150~250kg/cm of pressure2, soaking time 1~2 minute;Brazing process parameter is:700 780 DEG C of brazing temperature, 10 15 seconds holding times.Cutter head mechanical performance of the present invention improves, and preferably can be effectively ground in dry milled process, while by using specific soldering processes, cutter head is made to meet actual demand with substrate combinating strength.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to construction material grinding tool technical fields, and in particular to a kind of preparation work for diamond-impregnated wheel of dry grinding
Skill, prepared emery wheel are mainly used for construction material (concrete, armored concrete etc., cobblestone ground) and Decorative Building Stone
Grinding process.
Background technology
Diamond-impregnated wheel is one kind in diamond tool, and the flat surface grinding for being primarily adapted for use in all kinds of refractory surfaces adds
Work processing, product use structure of mounting hole, are easy to load and unload, and have many advantages, such as that processing flatness is good, grinding efficiency is high, the service life is high,
It is applicable to all domestic and imported equipment for grinding.
Diamond-impregnated wheel includes diamond segment and abrasive wheel substrate, in grinding process, when angle grinder is running at high speed
When, since the material of polishing is mostly irregular shape, emery wheel is easy to that fierce collision occurs with material in bruting process, beats
Grinding the gravel generated and dust etc. cannot exclude in time again, further damage cutter head, and long-time service causes under cutter head grinding performance
Drop and knife head profile lose accuracy.Therefore, improve tool tip material mechanical performance and cutter head and abrasive wheel substrate combination it is strong
Degree is most important for realizing efficient polishing operation.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide it is a kind of dry grind diamond-impregnated wheel preparation process, prepared diamond-impregnated wheel its
Cutter head obdurability is good, and passes through specific soldering processes and tied together with abrasive wheel substrate weldering, and cutter head is high with abrasive wheel substrate weld strength,
It can realize efficient polishing operation and cutter head service life.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of preparation process for diamond-impregnated wheel of dry grinding, the diamond-impregnated wheel include abrasive wheel substrate and set on abrasive wheel substrates
On diamond segment;The preparation process of the diamond-impregnated wheel is:The diamond segment is to be uniformly mixed raw material powder
Afterwards, it is made through Thermocompressed sintering and forming;The diamond segment with abrasive wheel substrate is welded as a whole by soldering processes again, is made
Diamond-impregnated wheel.
In the preparation process of the diamond-impregnated wheel, the technological parameter of the hot pressed sintering is:Sintering temperature is 670~730
DEG C, 150~250kg/cm of pressure2, soaking time 1~2 minute.
In the preparation process of the diamond-impregnated wheel, cored solder used is silver soldering piece in soldering processes;The soldering processes ginseng
Number is:700-780 DEG C of brazing temperature, holding time 10-15 second.
In the preparation process of the diamond-impregnated wheel, the chemical composition of diamond segment raw materials is (wt.%):Copper
30-34%, iron 32-42%, nickel 5-10%, cobalt 10-21%, tin 1.0-1.5%, paraffin 0.10-0.15, rare earth element 1.0-
2.1%, diamond 1.0-2.4%;Alternatively, the composition of diamond segment raw materials is (wt.%):Copper 27-32%, iron
35-40%, nickel 4-9%, cobalt 14-20%, tin 8-11%, paraffin 0.10-0.15, rare earth element 1.3-2.0%, diamond 1.4-
2.1%;Alternatively, the chemical composition of diamond segment raw materials is (wt.%):Copper 25-30%, iron 25-30%, nickel 5-
8%, cobalt 24-30%, tin 7-10%, paraffin 0.10-0.15, rare earth element 1.5-2.2%, diamond 1.7-2.5%.
The present invention is prepared in the raw material powder of diamond segment, and the particle size range of diamond dust used is 30-50 mesh
(such as 30/40 mesh, 40/45 mesh or 45/50 mesh), compression strength 30kg.
The present invention is prepared in the raw material powder of diamond segment, and the rare earth element is one kind or several in La, Ce and Y
Kind.
The invention has the advantages that and advantageous effect:
1st, the present invention in cutter head raw material are prepared by adding Sn, rare earth element etc., and controls diamond dust granularity,
Each element acts synergistically so that the raising of cutter head mechanical performance, preferably can effectively be ground in dry milled process.
2nd, the present invention uses specific soldering processes, and cutter head is made to meet actual demand with substrate combinating strength.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is present invention dry grinding diamond-impregnated wheel structure diagram;
Fig. 2 is A-A faces sectional view in present invention dry grinding diamond-impregnated wheel structure diagram.
In figure:1- abrasive wheel substrates;2- diamond segments;3- square through holes;4- axis holes.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Preparation process of the present invention for dry grinding diamond-impregnated wheel, as shown in Figs. 1-2, the diamond-impregnated wheel includes emery wheel base
Body 1 and the diamond segment 2 on abrasive wheel substrate 1;Its preferred frame mode is as follows:
The abrasive wheel substrate 1 is designed as discoid, and the outer edge of abrasive wheel substrate 1 is planar annular;The diamond segment 2
It is multiple, is uniformly distributed on the planar annular of abrasive wheel substrate;The center of the discoid abrasive wheel substrate is equipped with for solid
Determine the axis hole 4 of abrasive wheel substrate.
The diamond segment opens up the round pie structure of square through hole 3, while the planar annular of abrasive wheel substrate for middle part
On open up circular radiating hole, circular radiating hole to open up position corresponding with the position of square through hole 3 on each diamond segment.
The multiple through-holes of area distribution on the discoid abrasive wheel substrate between axis hole and planar annular grind for discharging
Cut waste material.
When angle grinder is when running at high speed, since the material of polishing is all much in irregular shape, in bruting process
Middle emery wheel is easy to that fierce collision occurs with material, and cutter head outer edge is designed to that fillet can preferably weaken the probability of collision,
Square hole is made in the centre of cutter head simultaneously, is communicated with circular hole on matrix, can make the gravel in bruting process, dust can
It is excluded from the porus excretorius of cutter head in time;By can be very good to be formed to matrix optimization design, cutter head hole and matrix heat emission hole
Convection current, accelerate gas circulation, accelerate heat dissipation come emery wheel cutter head is kept not overheat and cause mill can not work.It is effective to solve gold
Hard rock carcass good thermal diffusivity in bruting process.
The preparation process of above-mentioned diamond-impregnated wheel is:The diamond segment be by raw material powder after mixing, warp
Thermocompressed sintering and forming is made;The diamond segment with abrasive wheel substrate is welded as a whole by soldering processes again, Buddha's warrior attendant is made
Stone mill wheel;The specific preparation process of following embodiment is as follows:
(1) matrix is processed:According to drawing requirement, Vehicle Processing, matrix needed for cutting;
(2) sinter molding of diamond segment piece:
According to specifically used requirement, raw material copper, iron, nickel, cobalt, tin, phosphorus (or carbon), the liquid stone being formulated required for choosing
Wax and diamond, by cold moudling after mixing, hot pressed sintering, grinding wheel belt sanding prepares diamond segment, hot pressed sintering
Temperature is 670~730 DEG C, 150~250kg/cm of pressure2, soaking time 1~2 minute.
(3) soldering processes:
It will be placed in corresponding matrix location by drawing together with cutter head and silver soldering piece, adjust welding position heating and melt
Change silver soldering piece, weld together cutter head and matrix, then with 600N/mm2Strength criterion welds each diamond segment
Connect intensity detection;Wherein brazing process parameter is:700-780 DEG C of brazing temperature, holding time 10-15 second;Silver soldering piece used
It studies and is divided into (wt.%):Silver 12.0%, copper 31.2%, phosphorus 4.8%, tin 1.5%, titanium 1.0% and surplus zinc.
(4) it polishes, paint, examine:
Matrix surface oxide skin caused by dry type diamond-impregnated wheel removes welding with sand-blasting machine after welding, then uses grinding wheel
The working face of polishing diamond segment, and diamond is exposed, surface lacquer is then carried out, is dried, to prevent surface from giving birth to
Rust, finally with 600N/mm2Strength criterion carries out each diamond segment weld strength detection, and printing packaging is put in storage after qualification.
Embodiment 1
Diamond segment raw material are:Copper powder 3.0kg, iron 3.8kg, nickel 0.83kg, cobalt 1.8kg, tin 0.12kg and rare earth
Element (Ce) 0.14kg is put into after being mixed 30 minutes in mixing tank, adding liquid paraffin 0.13kg and diamond (30/40 mesh of granularity,
Compression strength 30kg) 0.18kg, continues batch mixing and powder is poured into cold moudling in mold, hot pressed sintering, grinding wheel abrasive band after 3 hours
Polishing cutter head, will be placed on together with cutter head and silver soldering piece in corresponding matrix location by drawing, adjust welding position heating
Melt silver soldering piece, weld together cutter head and matrix, then with 600N/mm2Strength criterion carries out each diamond segment
Weld strength detects, matrix surface oxide skin caused by dry type diamond-impregnated wheel after welding is removed welding with sand-blasting machine, then
With the working face of special grinding wheel polishing diamond segment, and diamond is exposed, then carries out surface lacquer, dry, with
Surface oxidisation is prevented, finally with 600N/mm2Strength criterion carries out each diamond segment weld strength detection, is printed after qualified
Brush packaging and storage.
In the present embodiment, hot-pressing sintering technique parameter is:Hot pressed sintering temperature is 685 DEG C, pressure 200kg/cm2, heat preservation
1~2 minute time;Brazing process parameter is:750 DEG C of brazing temperature, holding time 10-15 second.
Comparative example 1
Difference from Example 1 is:Diamond segment raw material are respectively:A is formulated:Copper powder 3.0kg, iron 3.8kg,
Nickel 0.83kg, cobalt 1.8kg, tin 0.12kg, rare earth element (Ce) 0.35kg, atoleine 0.13kg and diamond 0.18kg.
B is formulated:Copper powder 3.0kg, iron 3.8kg, nickel 0.83kg, cobalt 1.8kg, tin 0.12kg, rare earth element (Ce) 0.05kg,
Atoleine 0.13kg and diamond 0.18kg.
Embodiment 2
Diamond segment raw material are:Copper powder 2.7kg, iron 3.6kg, nickel 0.7kg, cobalt 1.6kg, tin 1.0kg and rare earth member
Plain 0.14kg is put into after being mixed 30 minutes in mixing tank, adding liquid paraffin 0.11kg and diamond (40/45 mesh of granularity, pressure resistance
Spend 30kg) 0.15kg, continues batch mixing and powder is poured into cold moudling in mold, hot pressed sintering, grinding wheel belt sanding knife after 3 hours
Head will be placed on together with cutter head and silver soldering piece in corresponding matrix location by drawing, adjusts welding position heating and melting silver
Weld tabs welds together cutter head and matrix, then with 600N/mm2Strength criterion to each diamond segment weld strong
Degree detection, matrix surface oxide skin caused by dry type diamond-impregnated wheel after welding is removed welding with sand-blasting machine, then with special
The working face of grinder buffing diamond segment, and diamond is exposed, surface lacquer is then carried out, is dried, to prevent table
It looks unfamiliar rust, finally with 600N/mm2Strength criterion carries out each diamond segment weld strength detection, it is qualified after printing packaging
Storage.
In the present embodiment, hot-pressing sintering technique parameter is:Hot pressed sintering temperature is 678 DEG C, pressure 200kg/cm2, heat preservation
1~2 minute time;Brazing process parameter is:740 DEG C of brazing temperature, holding time 10-15 second.
Comparative example 2
Difference from Example 2 is:Brazing process parameter is:650 DEG C of brazing temperature, holding time 10-15 second.
Embodiment 3
Diamond segment raw material are:Copper powder 2.8kg, iron 2.75kg, nickel 0.58kg, cobalt 2.5kg, tin 0.98kg, rare earth
Element 0.21kg is put into after being mixed 30 minutes in mixing tank, adding liquid paraffin 0.12kg and diamond (45/50 mesh of granularity, resistance to compression
Intensity 30kg) 0.18kg, continues batch mixing and powder is poured into cold moudling in mold, hot pressed sintering, grinding wheel belt sanding after 3 hours
Cutter head will be placed in corresponding matrix location by drawing together with cutter head and silver soldering piece, adjust welding position heating and melting
Silver soldering piece welds together cutter head and matrix, then with 600N/mm2Strength criterion welds each diamond segment
Intensity detection, matrix surface oxide skin caused by dry type diamond-impregnated wheel after welding is removed welding with sand-blasting machine, then with special
With the working face of grinder buffing diamond segment, and diamond is exposed, then carries out surface lacquer, dry, to prevent
Surface oxidisation, finally with 600N/mm2Strength criterion carries out each diamond segment weld strength detection, prints packet after qualified
It is packed into library.
In the present embodiment, hot-pressing sintering technique parameter is:Hot pressed sintering temperature is 670 DEG C, pressure 200kg/cm2, heat preservation
1~2 minute time;Brazing process parameter is:745 DEG C of brazing temperature, holding time 10-15 second.
Diamond segment measuring mechanical property data prepared by above-described embodiment 1-3 see the table below 1, wherein, diamond segment
Bending strength test:By the diamond segment of 40mm × 5mm × 5mm being placed directly on two bearings for being separated by 30mm,
Interval is intermediate to power, until sample fracture, tests bending strength;Wear resistance ratio is measured according to JB3/T3235-1999.By 1 data of table
As can be seen that each embodiment cutter head mechanical performance is excellent, be conducive to improve the grinding quality in grinding operation and cutter head service life.
Diamond-impregnated wheel cutter head prepared by above-described embodiment 1-3 see the table below 1 with substrate combinating strength test result, by table 1
Data can be seen that cutter head using after new material, and by optimizing brazing process parameter, the bond strength of cutter head and matrix reaches mark
Standard disclosure satisfy that requirement.
Table 1
Claims (3)
1. a kind of preparation process for diamond-impregnated wheel of dry grinding, it is characterised in that:The diamond-impregnated wheel includes abrasive wheel substrate and sets
In the diamond segment on abrasive wheel substrate;The preparation process of the diamond-impregnated wheel is:The diamond segment is by former material feed powder
End after mixing, is made through Thermocompressed sintering and forming;The diamond segment and abrasive wheel substrate are welded by soldering processes again
It is integrated, diamond-impregnated wheel is made;
Weight percentage, the chemical composition of diamond segment raw materials are:Copper 30-34%, iron 32-42%, nickel
5-10%, cobalt 10-21%, tin 1.0-1.5%, rare earth element 1.0-2.1%, paraffin 0.10-0.15, diamond 1.0-2.4%;
Alternatively, the composition of diamond segment raw materials is:Copper 27-32%, iron 35-40%, nickel 4-9%, cobalt 14-20%, tin 8-
11%, rare earth element 1.3-2.0%, paraffin 0.10-0.15, diamond 1.4-2.1%;Alternatively, former material used in diamond segment
The chemical composition of material is:Copper 25-30%, iron 25-30%, nickel 5-8%, cobalt 24-30%, tin 7-10%, rare earth element 1.5-
2.2%, paraffin 0.10-0.15, diamond 1.7-2.5%;
In the raw material powder for preparing diamond segment, the particle size range of diamond dust used is 30-50 mesh, compression strength
30kg;
The technological parameter of the hot pressed sintering is:Sintering temperature is 670~730 DEG C, 150~250kg/cm of pressure2, soaking time 1
~2 minutes;
In the soldering processes, cored solder used is silver soldering piece;Brazing process parameter is:700-780 DEG C of brazing temperature, during soldering
Between 10-15 seconds.
2. the preparation process of dry grinding diamond-impregnated wheel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Diamond dust used
Particle size range is 30/40 mesh, 40/45 mesh or 45/50 mesh.
3. the preparation process of dry grinding diamond-impregnated wheel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Prepare diamond segment
In raw material powder, the rare earth element is one or more of La, Ce and Y.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201510707511.1A CN105252448B (en) | 2015-10-28 | 2015-10-28 | A kind of preparation process for diamond-impregnated wheel of dry grinding |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201510707511.1A CN105252448B (en) | 2015-10-28 | 2015-10-28 | A kind of preparation process for diamond-impregnated wheel of dry grinding |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN105252448A CN105252448A (en) | 2016-01-20 |
CN105252448B true CN105252448B (en) | 2018-07-06 |
Family
ID=55092536
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201510707511.1A Active CN105252448B (en) | 2015-10-28 | 2015-10-28 | A kind of preparation process for diamond-impregnated wheel of dry grinding |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN105252448B (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112322950A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-02-05 | 娄底市安地亚斯电子陶瓷有限公司 | Diamond knife for industrial ceramic carving and processing technology thereof |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105690282B (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2018-11-02 | 丹阳市剑庐工具有限公司 | A kind of annular divides tooth emery wheel and its preparation process |
CN105751087B (en) * | 2016-05-05 | 2019-04-05 | 珠海市巨海科技有限公司 | Ceramet binding agent grinder and its manufacturing method |
CN109551386B (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2024-02-06 | 江苏友美工具有限公司 | Multifunctional diamond grinding wheel for grinding and cutting |
CN111347356A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2020-06-30 | 江苏友美工具有限公司 | Preparation process of multifunctional grinding-cutting diamond grinding wheel |
CN109571291A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-04-05 | 江苏友美工具有限公司 | Multifunctional mill cuts diamond-impregnated wheel and its preparation process |
CN109822465A (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2019-05-31 | 泉州众志金刚石工具有限公司 | A kind of tile edge Metal Substrate emery wheel material |
CN111761734B (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2022-04-12 | 江苏锋泰工具有限公司 | Ceramic cutting saw blade and preparation method thereof |
CN110744063A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2020-02-04 | 江苏锋泰工具有限公司 | Preparation method of composite ceramic cutting saw blade |
CN111775341B (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2022-04-29 | 江苏锋泰工具有限公司 | Composite diamond saw blade for ceramic cutting and preparation method thereof |
CN110919880B (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2022-04-01 | 江苏华昌工具制造有限公司 | Tooth-protecting porous laser welding sheet and preparation process thereof |
CN110948706B (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2022-04-08 | 江苏华昌工具制造有限公司 | Tooth-protecting diamond saw blade and laser welding preparation process thereof |
CN114571197B (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-12-13 | 青岛科技大学 | Novel method for protecting welding part of sintered diamond saw blade for wet cutting |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU2001234692A1 (en) * | 2000-07-19 | 2002-02-05 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Fused aluminum oxycarbide/nitride-al2o3y2 o3 eutectic materials, abrasive particles, abrasive articles, and methods of making and using the same |
CN102554807A (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2012-07-11 | 福建万龙金刚石工具有限公司 | Diamond leveling wheel and production technology |
CN103029046B (en) * | 2012-12-29 | 2015-05-20 | 泉州金山石材工具科技有限公司 | Novel diamond disk |
CN104015132B (en) * | 2014-06-17 | 2017-05-10 | 江苏锋泰工具有限公司 | Manufacturing technology of dry diamond-impregnated wheel |
CN104117676B (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2016-07-20 | 华侨大学 | Rare earth modified tungstenio binder diamond bistrique, its manufacture method and rare earth modified tungstenio bonding agent |
CN104875287B (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2017-05-24 | 江苏锋泰工具有限公司 | Dry and wet dual-purpose laser welding diamond saw blade |
-
2015
- 2015-10-28 CN CN201510707511.1A patent/CN105252448B/en active Active
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112322950A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-02-05 | 娄底市安地亚斯电子陶瓷有限公司 | Diamond knife for industrial ceramic carving and processing technology thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN105252448A (en) | 2016-01-20 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN105252448B (en) | A kind of preparation process for diamond-impregnated wheel of dry grinding | |
CN105215866B (en) | A kind of dry grinding diamond-impregnated wheel | |
CN104875287B (en) | Dry and wet dual-purpose laser welding diamond saw blade | |
CN101434827B (en) | Grinding medium containing ceramic particle, preparation and use thereof | |
CN109822102B (en) | Preparation method of fine-grained diamond saw blade | |
CN103273066B (en) | The preparation method of diamond cutting abrasive disc | |
JP5636144B2 (en) | Vitrified super abrasive wheel | |
CN104907942B (en) | The preparation method of sawtooth two-sided concave U sharp concrete laser welding cutting sheets | |
CN104874863B (en) | Manufacture method for dry and wet dual-purpose diamond saw blade | |
CN104015132B (en) | Manufacturing technology of dry diamond-impregnated wheel | |
CN110125820B (en) | Diamond grinding disc and preparation method thereof | |
CN110216596A (en) | A kind of sintered carbide tools for intermetallic composite coating | |
CN107598156A (en) | Compact diamond tool carcass powder | |
CN104029135A (en) | Dry type diamond grinding wheel | |
CN105196200B (en) | A kind of manufacture method of the emery wheel of rare-earth ceramic bonding agent and the use bonding agent | |
CN102825558B (en) | A kind of ceramic metal diamond grinding wheel being mixed with comminuted steel shot | |
CN106113284B (en) | Low noise diamond saw blade | |
CN109227411B (en) | Environment-friendly resin cymbal type grinding wheel | |
CN102814753B (en) | Iron-powder doped ceramic diamond grinding wheel | |
EP0738198A1 (en) | Method and abrasive article produced thereby | |
CN110549257B (en) | Processing technology of ceramic bond diamond grinding wheel | |
CN107379277B (en) | Diamond saw blade | |
CN107364010B (en) | Two-sided sintering W type groove diamond tool and preparation method thereof | |
CN106944619A (en) | A kind of method for manufacturing chemical mechanical polishing pads conditioner discs | |
CN207088211U (en) | Diamond saw blade |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |