CN105252219B - A Method for Controlling Residuals in Intersecting Hole Structure of Components - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a technology method capable of effectively controlling redundancies in a communication hole (intersection hole) of a component to overcome defects in the prior art. According to the technical scheme for solving the technical problems that the control method for the redundancies of the communication hole structure of the component is executed according to the following steps that part machining is conducted; first time of mechanical cleaning is conducted on the communication hole; deburring is conducted through heat energy; first time of ultrasonic cleaning is conducted on the communication hole; a part is formed through assembling, installing and welding; first time of heat treatment is conducted; rough machining is conducted; the rest of parts are installed and welded; second time of heat treatment is conducted; a technology device is blocked, and the communication hole is protected; finish machining is conducted; surface treatment is conducted; second time of mechanical cleaning is conducted on the communication hole; second time of ultrasonic cleaning is conducted on the communication hole; reciprocating cyclic flushing is conducted on the communication hole; the communication hole is detected; and a package is input into a warehouse. The control method can be widely applied to the field of machining.

Description

A Method for Controlling Residuals in Intersecting Hole Structure of Components

technical field

The invention relates to a method for controlling the excess of structure intersecting holes of components, which belongs to the technical field of excess control of structural elements in mechanical processing.

Background technique

At present, the domestic and foreign research on the control of the redundant structure of the intersecting hole structure mainly focuses on the method of deburring the intersecting hole structure. Deburring refers to the elimination of thorns or flashes formed around the processed parts of the product. The specific methods include: manual method, mechanical method, vibration method, rolling method, chemical method, electrochemical method (electrolysis method), abrasive flow method, high temperature method, ultrasonic method, electropolishing method, laser method, etc. The above methods are mainly aimed at the removal of a single redundant substance (burr), and no research has been conducted on the removal of comprehensive redundant substances; the above methods mainly describe the single steps of removing redundant substances, and do not describe the entire process of removing redundant substances. to narrate. There are many domestic and foreign researches on excess control methods, but there is no mention of control methods for component intersecting holes.

Existing techniques for controlling the excess of mechanical structural elements are divided into general methods and specific methods.

1. General method.

The general methods of redundant control technology of mechanical structural components include key control method, source elimination control method and factor control method.

1) key control method

The key control method is to find the key point of control on the basis of statistical analysis and cost analysis, and eliminate redundant substances in the process of formation according to the requirements of total quality management, so as to achieve the combination of prevention and inspection, and focus on prevention.

2) Source elimination control method

The source elimination control method is to fundamentally eliminate the source of excess, give full play to the source role of the design process, and adopt a design structure that can prevent and control excess as much as possible. In the follow-up processing, measures such as chip-free (powder) processing, management control, and reasonable design of the process flow should be adopted.

3) Factor control method

The factor control method is generally applicable to partial assembly (complete machine) and final assembly. Including determining factors and countermeasures, factor control, process operation quality control and other steps.

2. Specific methods.

The specific methods of excess control technology for mechanical structural components include suction method, cleaning method, scrubbing method, magnetic suction method, hook clamping method, gluing method, slapping method, blowing method, solid sealing method, removal method, replacement method, decomposition method, etc. method, purification method, replacement method, drying method, etc. Each method can only remove the excess of a certain product structure and type.

Although the redundant control technology of mechanical structural components is relatively comprehensive, it is also relatively general, and corresponding methods need to be adopted for specific product structures and types of redundant.

According to the principle of excess control technology of mechanical structural elements, it has the following disadvantages:

1) Non-implementation-based technology

The general method of excess control technology for mechanical structural components belongs to the macroscopic measures and principles of excess control, and the specific method belongs to the microscopic measures and means of excess control. The two methods only express the basic principles and do not explain the specific implementation methods, nor can they be used for specific objects. specific implementation. Therefore, this technology is a basic principle technology, not a specific implementation technology.

2) Wide range of technologies

The content of excess control technology for mechanical structural components is very large, and the specific technical details are not clear. Therefore, the scope of this technology is too broad, and it is not targeted for specific structural excess control.

From the above analysis, it can be seen that if the redundant control technology of mechanical structural components is to be applied specifically, it needs to be refined and implemented for specific objects.

Contents of the invention

The invention overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art, and provides a process method capable of effectively controlling the excess in the intersecting hole (intersecting hole) structure of the component.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for controlling the excess of component intersecting hole structure, which is executed according to the following steps:

The first step: parts processing;

Roughly and finely machine the parts from the blank to form;

The second step: the first mechanical cleaning of intersecting holes;

Use fitter tools or electric tools to remove the burrs of the machined parts of the intersecting holes mechanically;

The third step: thermal deburring;

Use thermal deburring machines to remove burrs from parts;

The fourth step: the first ultrasonic cleaning of intersecting holes;

Use an ultrasonic cleaning machine to clean the inner and outer cavities of the parts, and then use an endoscope to detect the excess should be cleaned, otherwise repeat the cleaning and inspection process until the excess is removed;

Step 5: Assembly and welding into components;

Assemble and weld all qualified parts, standard parts, etc.

The sixth step: the first heat treatment;

Perform heat treatment such as annealing, quenching and tempering on the assembled parts in the fifth step;

The seventh step: rough processing;

Carry out rough machining to the parts after heat treatment in the sixth step;

Step 8: Assemble and weld the rest of the parts;

Assemble and weld the remaining components of the components in the seventh step on the component;

The ninth step: the second heat treatment;

Carry out heat treatment such as annealing to the components assembled in the eighth step;

Step 10: Process device plugging and protection of intersecting holes;

Use technological devices such as technological plugs to block and protect intersecting holes;

The eleventh step: finishing;

Finishing the parts in the tenth step;

Step 12: surface treatment;

Surface treatment such as chrome plating and oxidation on components;

The thirteenth step: the second mechanical cleaning of intersecting holes;

Use fitter tools or electric tools to remove the burrs of the machined parts of the intersecting holes mechanically;

The fourteenth step: the second ultrasonic cleaning intersecting hole;

Use an ultrasonic cleaning machine to perform multi-directional ultrasonic cleaning on the components, and the time is not less than 1h;

Step 15: Flush the intersecting holes in a reciprocating cycle;

Use the cycle test tooling, after connecting the pipeline, carry out reciprocating and circular cleaning on the component cylinder, adjust the oil source pressure to no less than 5MPa, adjust the flow rate to no less than 60L/min, clean the oil pipe and cylinder combination in the circuit, and continuously Knock and clean the pipeline with a wooden hammer for no less than 30 minutes, and the cleaning time for each cycle of the oil inlet and oil return ports is no less than 15 minutes, and repeat 3 times;

Step 16: Detect intersecting holes;

Use the endoscope to detect the excess should be cleaned, otherwise repeat the reciprocating cycle washing and detection process until the excess is removed;

Step 17: Parcel storage;

Wrap and seal the components with clean oil-sealing paper or plastic cloth, and store them for later use.

In the eleventh step, the hole system of the component is processed under the protection of the process device to prevent iron filings and other excess materials from entering the intersecting holes.

In the sixteenth step, use working hydraulic oil to flush the cavity of the intersecting hole, and check that the oil pollution degree after flushing does not exceed 18 in QJ2724.1-1995 "Coding Method for Solid Particle Pollution Level of Aerospace Hydraulic Pollution Control Working Fluid" /15 levels.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the beneficial effects that: the sources of the redundant matter involved in the present invention are internal residue, internal generation and external invasion, and according to the three sources of redundant matter, to ensure processing accuracy and control redundant matter Pay equal attention to the guiding ideology. In view of the defects of the background technology, measures such as thermal deburring, ultrasonic cleaning of intersecting holes, adding process devices, reciprocating cycle flushing of intersecting holes, etc. are taken to eliminate excess waste such as iron filings, external dust particles, and dry solids of heat treatment liquid. The possible factors accumulated in the component intersecting hole structure actively clean up the excess in the component intersecting hole structure to achieve the purpose of controlling the excess. The intersecting hole structure of components can be realized after adopting the present invention:

There is no visually visible macroscopic excess (outer dimension ≥ 0.5mm), and no visible microscopic excess (outer dimension < 0.5mm) meets the technical requirements (oil pollution degree generally does not exceed grade 18/15). That is, the present invention can effectively control the redundancy in the intersecting hole structure of the components. In addition, since the intersecting hole structure of components is common in many products, especially hydraulic cylinders, and the hazards of redundant residues to products are quite serious, the comprehensive prevention and control measures of this technology for redundant residues can be widely used in various military and civilian products. The influence and potential application value are great. The invention is applicable to the control of the excess in the intersecting hole structure of components.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the process framework of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention.

detailed description

As shown in Figure 1, the specific content of each process of the present invention is as follows:

1. Parts processing;

Parts are roughed and finished from the blank to the shape.

2. Mechanical cleaning of intersecting holes;

Use file, scraper and other fitter tools or electric tools to mechanically remove the burrs on the machined parts of the intersecting holes.

3. Thermal deburring;

Remove burrs from parts with a thermal deburring machine.

4. Ultrasonic cleaning intersecting holes;

Use an ultrasonic cleaner to clean the inner and outer cavities of the parts, and then use an endoscope to detect the excess and clean it, otherwise repeat the cleaning and inspection process until the excess is removed.

5. The assembly group is welded into components;

Assemble and weld all qualified parts, standard parts, etc.

6. Heat treatment;

Heat treatment such as annealing and quenching and tempering are carried out on the parts.

7. Rough processing;

Rough machining of parts.

8. Assemble and weld the rest of the parts;

Assemble and weld the remaining pieces that make up the component to the component.

9. Heat treatment;

Heat treatment such as annealing is performed on the part.

10. Process equipment plugging and protection of intersecting holes;

Use process plugs and other process devices to block and protect intersecting holes.

11. Finishing;

1) Finishing the parts.

2) Process the hole system of the component under the protection of the process device (such as drill sleeve, etc.) to prevent iron filings and other excess materials from entering the intersecting hole.

12. Surface treatment;

Surface treatment such as chrome plating and oxidation is carried out on the components.

13. Mechanical cleaning of intersecting holes;

Use file, scraper and other fitter tools or electric tools to mechanically remove the burrs on the machined parts of the intersecting holes.

14. Ultrasonic cleaning of intersecting holes;

Use an ultrasonic cleaning machine to perform multi-directional ultrasonic cleaning on the components, and the time is not less than 1h.

15. Flush the intersecting holes in a reciprocating cycle;

Use cycle test tooling, after connecting the pipeline, perform reciprocating (inlet and oil return port switching) and cycle cleaning on the component cylinder, adjust the oil source pressure to not less than 5MPa (when starting), and adjust the flow rate to not less than 60L/min , Clean the combination of the oil pipe and the cylinder block in the circuit, and continuously tap the cleaning pipe with a wooden hammer for no less than 30 minutes, and the cleaning time for each cycle of the inlet and outlet ports is no less than 15 minutes. Repeat 3 times.

16. Detect intersecting holes;

1) The redundant objects detected by the endoscope should be cleaned, otherwise, the reciprocating cycle washing and detection process should be repeated until the redundant objects are removed.

2) Rinse the intersecting hole cavity with working hydraulic oil, and check the oil pollution degree after flushing should meet the technical requirements (generally not exceeding the coding method of solid particle pollution level of working fluid for aerospace hydraulic pollution control) 18/15 grades).

17. Parcel storage

1) Wrap and seal the components with clean oil-sealing paper or plastic cloth, and store them for later use.

2) Clean up the site after the operation is completed, and store all items in their places.

The innovation point of the present invention is:

1) Process plugging technology for intersecting holes;

Use process devices such as process plugs to block the entrance of intersecting holes. The advantages of such measures are:

a. Iron filings, oil stains and other excess materials are isolated from the intersecting holes during component processing, preventing accumulation and extrusion of iron filings and other excess materials at the corners of the intersecting holes.

b. Processing operations are not hindered and can be carried out smoothly.

2) Step-by-step control process for the excess of intersecting holes;

a. Control process of intersecting holes on parts;

After the parts are machined, the space at both ends of the intersecting hole is relatively open, and the excess is generally iron filings, burrs, flashes, oil stains, etc., and is distributed inside and outside the intersecting hole. Combined measures such as mechanical cleaning, thermal deburring, and ultrasonic cleaning can clean up the excess inside and outside the intersecting holes on the parts.

b. Control process of intersecting holes on components;

After parts are machined, the space at both ends of the intersecting hole is relatively narrow, and the excess is generally iron filings, burrs, flash, oil, dust, surface treatment fluid, etc., and is generally distributed outside the intersecting hole. The excess inside and outside the intersecting holes on the parts can be cleaned up by adopting combined measures such as blockage and protection of process devices, mechanical cleaning, ultrasonic cleaning, reciprocating cycle flushing, and endoscopic inspection.

The invention selects a certain product cylinder body combination as the implementation object, and adopts a method for controlling redundant objects in the intersecting holes of components to control the redundant objects in the intersecting holes.

The process analysis of the detailed process parameters of the cylinder block combination is shown in Table 1.

Table 1 Process Analysis of Cylinder Block Combination

The process analysis of the detailed process parameters of the intersecting holes in the cylinder block combination is shown in Table 2.

Table 2 Process Analysis of Intersecting Holes in Cylinder Block Combination

According to the method in the "Technical Scheme Flowchart" (Figure 1), the cylinder assembly is processed, and the specific process flow is shown in Figure 2.

According to the process flow chart, the technical solution can be decomposed into the following measures.

Residue control process design;

In the past, process design gave priority to machining accuracy, and then considered excess control. According to the idea of "giving priority to processing accuracy and excess control in the same position", the process design has been changed, and the details are shown in Table 3.

Table 3 Residue Control Process Design

Add process equipment

1) The structural characteristics of the intersecting holes in the cylinder block determine that the internal residues and internally generated excess at the intersecting holes can be removed after the parts are processed, and it is difficult to clean up the excess after entering the component welding stage and then entering the intersecting holes . If the intersecting small holes on the component are effectively blocked, the intrusion of redundant substances from the outside can be avoided. For this reason, it is decided to block the φ10mm hole intersecting with the φ112mm hole of the cylinder body with a technological plug to prevent the intrusion of cutting waste during the machining of the φ140H8mm hole.

2) Based on the same consideration as the previous article, after the φ140H8mm hole is processed, the φ8mm hole intersecting with the φ140H8mm hole is made with a craft drill sleeve, and the processing burrs are cleaned to prevent the φ8mm hole from being processed first and then the φ140H8mm hole is processed. Invade the φ8mm hole, and prevent the φ8mm hole from affecting the processing accuracy of the φ140H8mm hole.

3) In order to actively remove the residual microscopic residues in the intersecting hole system of the cylinder block (outer dimension <0.5mm), after all the machining of the cylinder block assembly is completed, the cylinder cycle test tool is used to cycle the through holes of each phase Cleaning, using hydraulic media to remove all microscopic excess.

thermal deburring;

After each part is processed and the macroscopic burrs are removed, in order to further remove the microscopic burrs, the process of "thermal energy deburring machine (RQC-5Y350A) to remove the burrs of the parts (joint seat, valve plate)" is adopted.

Ultrasonic cleaning intersecting holes;

After the thermal energy deburring machine (RQC-5Y350A) removes most of the microscopic burrs of the parts (joint seat, valve plate), in order to remove the burrs and burning ash generated on the parts by the thermal energy deburring method, the "use ultrasonic cleaning machine to clean the parts "Inner and outer cavity" process means.

After the cylinder assembly is cleaned of excess, most of the microscopic excess can be removed. However, in the intersecting pore system, there will still be some microscopic excess that has a strong adhesion to the pore wall and is not easy to flush out in the dead corner of the structure. In order to remove this part of the excess, the technical measure of "multi-directional ultrasonic cleaning of the oil cylinder, the time is not less than 1h" has been added.

Circular flushing of intersecting holes;

Although the process plug can block external chips and other excess, it cannot prevent the intrusion of the thermal surface treatment liquid into the intersecting pore system and the residue of microscopic excess in the intersecting pore system. In order to remove the residual liquid and microscopic excess infiltrated into the through-holes of each phase, the "receipt of the cylinder cycle test tooling is added, connect the pipelines according to the tooling diagram, perform circular cleaning on the oil cylinder, and adjust the oil source pressure to not less than 5MPa (at start-up), adjust the flow rate to not less than 60L/min, clean the oil pipe and cylinder combination in the circuit, and continuously tap the cleaning pipe with a wooden hammer for no less than 15min".

Detect intersecting holes;

In order to test the removal effect of the redundant matter in the intersecting hole system, the measures of "checking the internal and external burrs of each hole should be cleaned up are added to the parts and component processes containing intersecting holes. Inspection instrument: PXLM620BSCPALSYS portable dedicated video endoscope system" measures .

After cleaning, the cylinder assembly needs to be flushed with 10 ^# aviation hydraulic oil. The pollution degree of the flushed oil shall not exceed 18 in QJ2724.1-1995 "Coding Method for Solid Particle Pollution Level of Aerospace Hydraulic Pollution Control Working Fluid". /15 levels.

Implementation Effect;

1) Detection of macro redundant objects (outline size ≥ 0.5mm);

See Table 4 for the test results of visible macroscopic excess (outline size ≥ 0.5 mm).

Table 4 Detection results of macroscopic excess (outer dimension ≥ 0.5mm)

2) Detection of microscopic excess (outer dimension <0.5mm)

See Table 5 for the test results of invisible microscopic excess (outer dimension <0.5mm).

Table 5 Microscopic excess (outer dimension <0.5mm) detection results

It can be seen from the above chart that this method can effectively control the excess in the intersecting hole structure of the component.

effect statistics;

As can be seen from the above chart, the following effects have been achieved by adopting the "a method for controlling the excess of component intersecting hole structure" of the present invention for combined processing of cylinder blocks:

1) This method can effectively control the excess produced in machining, surface treatment and other processes.

2) This method can realize full-scale control of macroscopically visible redundant objects (outer dimension ≥ 0.5 mm) and microscopic invisible redundant objects (outer outer size < 0.5 mm).

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge of those of ordinary skill in the art, various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. kind of change.

Claims (3)

1. A method for controlling the excess of component intersecting hole structure, characterized in that, it is performed in the following steps: The first step: parts processing; Roughly and finely machine the parts from the blank to form; The second step: the first mechanical cleaning of intersecting holes; Use fitter tools or electric tools to remove the burrs of the machined parts of the intersecting holes mechanically; The third step: thermal deburring; Use thermal deburring machines to remove burrs from parts; The fourth step: the first ultrasonic cleaning of intersecting holes; Use an ultrasonic cleaning machine to clean the inner and outer cavities of the parts, and then use an endoscope to detect the excess should be cleaned, otherwise repeat the cleaning and inspection process until the excess is removed; Step 5: Assembly and welding into components; Assemble and weld all qualified parts and standard parts into parts, and do not bring redundant parts into the intersecting holes; The sixth step: the first heat treatment; Perform annealing and quenching and tempering heat treatment processes on the assembled parts in the fifth step; The seventh step: rough processing; Carry out rough machining to the parts after heat treatment in the sixth step; Step 8: Assemble and weld the rest of the parts; Assemble and weld the remaining components of the components in the seventh step on the component; The ninth step: the second heat treatment; Carry out annealing heat treatment to the parts assembled in the eighth step; Step 10: Process device plugging and protection of intersecting holes; Plugging and protection of intersecting holes with technological plugging technology device; The eleventh step: finishing; Finishing the parts in the tenth step; Step 12: surface treatment; Chromium plating and oxidation surface treatment of components; The thirteenth step: the second mechanical cleaning of intersecting holes; Use fitter tools or electric tools to remove the burrs of the machined parts of the intersecting holes mechanically; The fourteenth step: the second ultrasonic cleaning intersecting hole; Use an ultrasonic cleaning machine to perform multi-directional ultrasonic cleaning on the components, and the time is not less than 1h; Step 15: Flush the intersecting holes in a reciprocating cycle; Use the cycle test tooling, after connecting the pipeline, carry out reciprocating and circular cleaning on the component cylinder, adjust the oil source pressure to no less than 5MPa, adjust the flow rate to no less than 60L/min, clean the oil pipe and cylinder combination in the circuit, and continuously Knock and clean the pipeline with a wooden hammer for no less than 30 minutes, and the cleaning time for each cycle of the oil inlet and oil return ports is no less than 15 minutes, and repeat 3 times; Step 16: Detect intersecting holes; Use the endoscope to detect the excess should be cleaned, otherwise repeat the reciprocating cycle washing and detection process until the excess is removed; Step 17: Parcel storage; Wrap and seal the components with clean oil-sealing paper or plastic cloth, and store them for later use. 2. A method for controlling excess of component intersecting hole structure according to claim 1, characterized in that in the eleventh step, the hole system of the component is processed under the protection of the process device to prevent excess iron filings into the intersecting hole. 3. A method for controlling excess in intersecting hole structures of components according to claim 1, characterized in that in the sixteenth step, the cavity of the intersecting holes is flushed with working hydraulic oil, and the oil pollution after flushing is detected Degree does not exceed grade 18/15.