CN105251227B - The low-temperature evaporation device that a kind of multilayer disc-stack centrifuge is depressurized with gravity film forming and differential - Google Patents
The low-temperature evaporation device that a kind of multilayer disc-stack centrifuge is depressurized with gravity film forming and differential Download PDFInfo
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- CN105251227B CN105251227B CN201510733146.1A CN201510733146A CN105251227B CN 105251227 B CN105251227 B CN 105251227B CN 201510733146 A CN201510733146 A CN 201510733146A CN 105251227 B CN105251227 B CN 105251227B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the low-temperature evaporation device that a kind of multilayer disc-stack centrifuge and gravity film forming and differential are depressurized, including the cone of revolution disc stack and fixed axoid disc stack that cylinder, central shaft and multiple alternate laminations are set；The top of cylinder imports adapter provided with feed liquid feed socket and boil-off gas export adapter, the lower section of cylinder provided with hot gas.Feed liquid is alternatively formed continuous film laminar flow in revolution and fixed axoid disk inner surface, to improve the saturated vapour pressure value of film layer solution, gas one slip speed of formation of the feed liquid film surface in tapered annular gap between alternate revolution and fixed axoid disk, to reduce the pressure on film layer gas-liquid interface, to be conducive to evaporitic environment pressure to be less than the saturated vapour pressure value of film layer solution.The present invention can realize the low temperature of feed liquid volatile component, high-efficiency evaporating, coordinate condensation and gas-liquid separation device, and distillation can be achieved, operation is extracted.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to liquid mixture evaporation separation or concentration technique field, more specifically to a kind of multilayer dish
Chip centrifuges the low-temperature evaporation device depressurized with gravity film forming and differential.
Background technology
The molecule of liquid has the tendency of to escape or volatilize from liquid phase surface due to molecular motion, and this tendency is with temperature
Raise and increase.Using the difference of each component volatility in liquid mixture, volatile liquid phase in liquid mixture is heated
To gasifying, liquid is set to be changed into steam, i.e., so-called evaporation.
In evaporation process, volatile components obtain enrichment in steam, and difficult volatile component is also increased in raffinate
Dense, this realizes the separation of different component to a certain extent.Volatility difference between component is bigger, then this enrichment degree
Also it is bigger.If liquid is placed in closed vacuum system, fluid molecule overflows with keeping, and on liquid interface
Steam is formed, can be from the vacuum systems continuously if maintaining certain vacuum by the continuous sucking of vacuum pump set
Export volatile vapor.Evaporation is applied to the techniques such as various distillations, separation, purification, concentration, extraction, degassing, taste removal, reaction, because
This, is widely used in the industries such as pharmacy, biology, food, spices, petrochemical industry, daily use chemicals, environmental protection, agricultural chemicals, desalinization.
In the art, type known to evaporator is more, e.g., is divided into by operating pressure：Normal pressure, pressurization and decompression three
Kind.It is divided into by evaporation mode：Natural evaporation type, ie in solution is evaporated less than under boiling temperature；Explosive evaporation type, i.e., add solution
Heat is allowed to evaporate under fluidized state to boiling point.It is divided into by solution motion situation：Circular form, i.e., boiling solution is in heating chamber
Multipass heats surface；One way type, i.e. boiling solution are in heating chamber once by heating surface.By mode of heating point：Directly
Connect contact-type：Heat medium and solution direct contact heat transfer；Indirect heating type, container partition is transmitted to the solution evaporated.Exist
The diabatic process carried out in dividing wall type heat exchanger.It is divided into by effect number：Single effect evaporation type, that is, the indirect steam for evaporating generation is directly cold
It is solidifying not recycle；Multiple-effect evaporation type, i.e., using indirect steam as next effect heating steam, and by multiple evaporator series.
Because evaporation is related to mass transfer, heat transfer, fall within heat transmission equipment, and liquid film heat transfer be augmentation of heat transfer effective ways it
One.Film layer is thinner, film forming is more uniform, and heat transfer efficiency is higher.To make even film layer, reduce thermograde, increase specific surface area,
Shorten heated time, the kestner long-tube evaporator of exploitation, its known type includes：Membrane type, falling film type, mechanical agitation type film is risen to steam
Send out device and centrifugal film evaporator.
Downward film evaporator principle is：Feed liquid is added from pipe in falling film evaporator heating chamber, passes through liquid distribution and film forming
Device, is evenly distributed in each heat exchanger tube, under gravity and vacuum induced and airflow function, into uniform top-down film layer stream
It is dynamic, in flow process, medium heating evaporation is heated by shell side.Its characteristic is that heat-transfer intensity is high, heated time is short, evaporating temperature
It is reliable that low, liquid film flow is easy to adjustment, stable operation, it is adaptable to the separation of the evaporation and concentration of thermal sensitivity feed liquid.
Film-rising evaporator and falling film type structure are essentially identical, and the main distinction is that material liquid is entered from the bottom of heating chamber
Enter, feed liquid enters after heating tube, the rapid gasification of boiling of being heated, steam rises rapidly in pipe, and feed liquid is by high speed upflowing vapor
Drive, form membranaceous rising along tube wall, and continue evaporation.Its characteristic is that liquid height turbulent flow, residence time be extremely short, operation can
Control property is strong, compact conformation low cost, it is adaptable to evaporation capacity is big, thermal sensitivity, viscosity, the evaporation for having raw dirty foaming tendencies feed liquid.
Mechanical agitation type thin film evaporator, abbreviation thin film evaporator, also known as rotary film evaporator are a kind of vacuum conditions
Lower use mechanical agitation carries out the higher evaporator of efficiency of falling film evaporation.Wherein, using scraped film evaporator as the machinery of representative
Agitating film evaporator is widely used, and its principle is：The feed liquid of certain temperature is preheating to, flash-pot top passes through
Rotating liquid distributor is divided into multiply stream and enters cylinder inner wall；Per share stream is stirred by corresponding scraper plate, is dispersed in evaporation
Uniform liquid film is formed on cylinder heated internal wall；Liquid film absorbs heating medium (heating steam or conduction oil) in chuck and is transmitted to atimodometer
The heat in face (cylinder inner wall), evaporates rapidly on its surface, and film layer is thinned, and is swept and scrape by follow-up scraper plate, forms new film, then steam
Hair, is so repeated, feed liquid is gradually evaporated.Its characteristic is that vacuum pressure drop is small, operation temperature is low, heated time is short, evaporation
Intensity is high, operating flexibility is big, is particularly suitable for use in thermal sensitivity, viscosity, has the evaporation and concentration separation of raw dirty foaming tendencies feed liquid.
Centrifugal film evaporator, also known as centrifugal evaporator.Its construction is similar with disc centrifuge, but disk has folder
Layer, interior logical heating steam.Due to the centrifugal action of rotating compact disc, feed liquid is distributed in the inner surface of disk, forms film.Disk
Steam liquid film in interlayer carries out heating evaporation, and concentrate is then come together in the liquid bath of periphery, by suction tube nationality vacuum action by its
Suction out.Indirect steam collects rising through disk headroom, into condenser condensation, and by vacuum pumped.Heat steam by
Bottom hollow rotating shaft is passed through, and enters disk interlayer through passage.Its characteristic is that heat transfer efficiency is high, and evaporation intensity is big, when feed liquid is heated
Between it is short, the film layer of formation is thin, is particularly suitable for the evaporation and concentration of heat sensitive material, but should not be used in that viscosity is big, easily crystallization, Yi Jie
The feed liquid of dirt.
Usual kestner long-tube evaporator constitutes evaporation operation system together with its auxiliary equipment.Auxiliary equipment typically have preheater,
Degasser, vacuum pump set, delivery pump, rectifying flow container and concentrate batch can and corresponding heating system and cooling/condensed system
System etc., is widely used in being concentrated by evaporation, the technique such as the precipitation that deaerates, distilation.But the kestner long-tube evaporator of existing technology is generally vertical
Formula, flow velocity of the feed liquid in evaporator cylinder is very fast, is easily caused volatile component and evaporates not abundant enough, have impact on to a certain extent
Evaporation effect.
The schedule of reinforcement of general heat transmission equipment diabatic process, has been broadly divided into work hardening and without work hardening.There is work hardening i.e.
Need external energy to reach augmentation of heat transfer purpose, including rotating and vibrate heat exchange surface, vibrate catalyst carrier, be placed in electrostatic
In field or electromagnetic field.Idle enhanced heat exchange mainly has surface specially treated, rough surface method, extended surface method and disturbance fluid
Method.
The patent quoted from below is some apparatus structures and method of kestner long-tube evaporator development, but this can not inevitably be explained
For it is suitable that these existing technologies, which evaporate separation or concentration to liquid mixture,.
The Chinese utility model patent CN 03278316.7 in Pu discipline longevity, discloses a kind of continuous still separator, by revolving
Turn thin film evaporator, circulating pump, related valve, pipeline composition, and by rectifying column, overhead condenser, discharge automatic valve, tower
Thermometer composition is pushed up, the top gasification delivery outlet of rotary film evaporator is connected to rectifying column centre entrance.
Wang Shoucheng Chinese utility model patent CN 200420112953.9, discloses a kind of Multihead sipral-tube type rotation
Hollow rotating shaft is axially arranged with thin film evaporator, including tube for feed and evaporation tube, tube for feed, by outside rotary shaft and tube for feed
The reducing gear in portion is fixedly connected with motor, rotary shaft outer surface axial screw formula winding bull evaporation tube, is provided with rotary shaft
Multiple radial cavities, and being communicated with the tube head of corresponding evaporation tube, rotary shaft is axially arranged with central passage, the end of central passage
Mouth is communicated with the cavity in rotary shaft, and circumferentially face is also uniformly distributed a plurality of passage in parallel around central passage, with
Two adjacent radial cavities are communicated.
Zhou Senan Chinese utility model patent CN 200520031886.2, discloses a kind of laboratory and pilot experiment
With horizontal internal rotation thin-film evaporator, include the evaporator tube of a horizontal positioned, charging is provided with evaporator tube
Mouth, vacuum meter interface and discharging opening, one end of evaporator tube set Butterworth Hatch, and dismountable sealing is set at Butterworth Hatch
Lid, sets a rotary barrel in evaporator tube, and a transverse axis is set in rotary barrel, and transverse axis passes through the end of evaporator tube
Portion, and pass through belt wheel and motor linkage thereon.
Sun Li et al. Chinese utility model patent CN 200820109668.X, disclose a kind of dish-style single hole and linearly drop
Kestner long-tube evaporator, including a container vacuumized, the container set filling circulation conduction oil in interlayer, interlayer, upper vessel portion installing
The feeder of rotation is driven by motor, feeder is plate-like circular groove, and cell wall is at an acute angle with groove bottom, and one is set on cell wall and go out liquid
Hole.Container interlayer sets double oil inlet pipes and flowline formation cross-circulation heating profiles up and down.
The Chinese utility model patent CN 201120334446.X of Lu Wen light, disclose a kind of horizontal rotary thin film evaporation
Device, the side wall of its larger diameter end, which is provided with material liquid entrance, the upper and lower side wall of smaller diameter end, to be respectively equipped with and a condenser phase
Light ends steam (vapor) outlet even and the heavy component outlet being connected with a finished product basin.Horizontal rotary thin-film evaporator includes：It is fixed
In the spacer heated type cylinder on bearing, the forward and backward closure located at cylinder two ends, through the forward and backward closure and located at this
Rotating shaft on body centre axis, it is substantially symmetrical about its central axis to be distributed in the rotating shaft, and the multiple scraper plates being distributed along cylinder inboard wall, it is located at
The frame of preceding closure front end, the reductor provided with the frame front end, the motor being connected with the speed reducer drive.
The Chinese patent application publication No. CN 103191571A of yellow Xiao Zhou, disclose a kind of high-speed rotary film vacuum
Thickener, including evaporator, the axis body annex being located in evaporator and the motor being connected with axis body annex upper end；On axis body annex
Provided with scraper plate, evaporator is provided with vavuum pump connector, material inlet, material outlet, hot water inlet and hot water outlet；The electricity
Integrated sealing protective case is set between the gap between the inwall and rotor of machine coil windings.
Chinese patent application publication No. CN 104399265A vast Luo Zhong, disclose a kind of electric field-enhanced plate type falling-film evaporation
Devices and methods therefor.Device is main by high voltage power supply, electrode wires, seal, stainless steel plate, insulated enclosure pad, insulation
Supporting clapboard and housing composition.The adjacent stainless steel plate of plate-type evaporator connects high voltage power supply and ground connection by electrode wires respectively, from
And high voltage electric field is formed, liquid is by aperture cloth liquid in evaporation side formation film evaporation device, and side of the steam between plate enters board-like
The liquid of the condensation side condensation release Topography evaporation side of evaporator, while the high voltage electric field between stainless steel plate can enter one
Enhanced water evaporation process is walked, gas-liquid separation, indirect steam and the liquid being concentrated occur in gas-liquid separation space for the liquid evaporated
Body can be utilized further.
The Chinese utility model patent CN 201120207542.8 of military wide great waves, discloses a kind of Novel film evaporator, wraps
Material liquid entrance is included, thermal medium entrance completes liquid outlet, thermal medium outlet, gas vent, motor, rotating shaft, rotating disk, its feature
It is, is fixedly connected with rotating disk in rotating shaft, wall inwall is fixedly connected with level and slightly inclined the downward downspout of slightly-inclined, downspout
Outlet is positioned at the upper surface top of rotating disk and is not contacted with rotating disk, to eliminate traditional screeds formula thin film evaporator scraper plate eccentric rotary
A series of adverse effects brought with wall-friction, extension device service life.
It is worth noting that, CN 201120207542.8 secures horizontal rotating disk in rotating shaft, due in horizontal rotating disc
The liquid of motion is shed on surface, and constraint is not received on the axial direction of rotating shaft, therefore is difficult to be formed on horizontal rotating disc surface
Uniform film layer, therefore, the effect of the rotating disk of level are to wall to shed descending liquid by centrifugal force, liquid is slightly inclined in next layer micro-
Descending liquid film layer is formed on downspout obliquely.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to depressurize there is provided a kind of multilayer disc-stack centrifuge and gravity film forming and differential
Low-temperature evaporation device, the saturated vapour pressure value of film layer solution can be further improved, on reduction film layer gas-liquid interface
Pressure, realizes the high-efficiency evaporating of feed liquid volatile component.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is：Construct a kind of multilayer disc-stack centrifuge and gravity into
Film and the low-temperature evaporation device of differential decompression, including the cone of revolution disk group that cylinder, central shaft and multiple alternate laminations are set
Part and fixed axoid disc stack, the cone of revolution disc stack are fixedly connected with the central shaft, the fixed axoid dish
Piece component is fixed on the cylinder；The top of the cylinder is described provided with feed liquid feed socket and boil-off gas export adapter
The lower section of cylinder imports adapter provided with hot gas.
In such scheme, cone of revolution disc stack includes cone of revolution disk, cone of revolution disk blade and revolution cone
Face disk centring ring, and by welding manner, or/and bolt connection mode, or/and riveting method composition integrative-structure, it is described
Cone of revolution disk upper end outside diameter D2 scope is (0.550~0.980) × D0, and the cone of revolution disk cone bottom is cylindrical
Diameter D3 scope is (0.140~0.550) × D0, the height ZH of cone of revolution disc stack scope for (0.120~
0.380) × D0, the height Zh of the cone of revolution disk centring ring scope are (0.090~0.240) × D0, and D0 is described
The outside diameter of the fixed axoid disk centring ring on fixed axoid disc stack.
In such scheme, the conical surface of cone of revolution disk and the angle β scopes of center shaft axis are 30 °~60 °.
In such scheme, the quantity of cone of revolution disk blade is 4~16, and the cone of revolution dish is welded in uniform way
The outer surface of piece.
In such scheme, fixed axoid disc stack includes fixed axoid disk, fixed axoid disk blade and fixed cone
Face disk centring ring, and by welding manner, or/and bolt connection mode, or/and riveting method composition integrative-structure, it is described
The scope of interior Circular Aperture D1 on fixed axoid disk is (0.150~0.450) × D0, the height of the fixed axoid disc stack
The scope for spending GH is (0.150~0.350) × D0, the height Gh of fixed axoid disk centring ring scope for (0.080~
0.250)×D0。
In such scheme, the conical surface of fixed axoid disk and the angle β scopes of center shaft axis are 30 °~60 °, value with
The conical surface of cone of revolution disk is consistent with the angle β of center shaft axis.
In such scheme, the quantity of fixed axoid disk blade is 6~24, and the fixed axoid dish is welded in uniform way
The outer surface of piece, blade quantity is corresponding compared with the blade quantity of cone of revolution disk blade more 2~8.
In such scheme, the central shaft upper end coordinates assembling mode to be nested in upper bearing (metal) component with dynamic；The revolution
Conical surface disk is coupled by the cone of revolution disk centring ring with central shaft with spline, and passes through cone of revolution disk centring ring
It is axially positioned.
In such scheme, fixed axoid disc stack is by the fixed axoid disk centring ring kink in the cylinder
In wall, neighbouring fixed axoid disc stack makes all fixed axoid disk groups of lamination with the positioning method of alignment pin
The axis and central axis of part, and lead to the fixation and turn conical surface disk centring ring and be axially positioned.
In such scheme, cone of revolution disc stack and fixed axoid disc stack are assembled by next coming in order：By center
Axle lower end coordinates assembling mode to be nested in lower bearing component with dynamic；The concentrate is shed into disk and is inserted in central shaft spline keyway
In, it is pressed at the central shaft shaft shoulder of lower end；Lower positioning shaft sleeve is inserted in central shaft spline keyway, concentrate is pressed in and sheds on disk；
The lower positioning fixed axoid disk is pressed in the flange seam of support cylinder and positioned；During cone of revolution disc stack is inserted in
In heart axle spline keyway, it is pressed on lower positioning shaft sleeve；Fixed axoid disc stack is pressed on lower positioning fixed axoid disk, then
Another cone of revolution disc stack is inserted in central shaft spline keyway, is pressed on following cone of revolution disc stack, with
This mode alternately assembles each cone of revolution disc stack and fixed axoid disc stack；Until being assembled to the described fixed of the top
Position axle sleeve is inserted in central shaft spline keyway, is locked all parts being inserted in central shaft spline keyway by tightening round nut
Tightly；The fixed axoid disc stack of the top is compressed by the upper centring ring and cylinder top cover, and central shaft upper end is with dynamic cooperation
Assembling mode is nested in upper bearing (metal) component.
In such scheme, 200~1450r.p.m. of the center spindle speed range, by variable-frequency motor or servomotor speed governing
Control；The temperature range of the temperature sensor measurement is 25~120 DEG C, and the hot stream temperature that adapter is passed through is imported by thermal current
With Flow-rate adjustment control；Vacuum at the boil-off gas export adapter is 0.035~0.095MPa, is adjusted by vacuum pump set
Control.
The low-temperature evaporation device that multilayer disc-stack centrifuge of the present invention is depressurized with gravity film forming and differential, with revolution and fixation
The coaxial alternate lamination setting structure of two groups of inversion conical surface disks, wherein, the alternate fixation of cone of revolution disk group is on center shaft
Rotate.When feed liquid is sprayed onto on the inner surface of the cone of revolution disk of the superiors by upper end charge door, from
Under tangential component effect of the mental and physical efforts along the cone of revolution disk inner surface, feed liquid sprawls into uniform film layer on an internal surface,
And under normal component of force effect of the centrifugal force along the cone of revolution disk inner surface, film layer is close to disk inner surface and formed uniformly
Film layer.Because tangential component is acted on upwards along the inverted conical surface disc surface, make feed liquid in the cone of revolution dish
Piece surface forms upward continuous film laminar flow, even if cylindrical flowing of the feed liquid along inner surface to the cone of revolution disk.
When feed liquid flow to the cylindrical place of the cone of revolution disk along inner surface, under gravity, feed liquid is flowed into
The corresponding cylindrical place of its next layer of alternate fixed axoid disk inner surface with the cone of revolution disk, and along the fixed cone
Face disk inner surface collects the fixed axoid disk inner circle flowed to close to the central shaft, in the process, feed liquid
In gravity along in the presence of the fixed axoid disk inner surface tangential component, still with continuous film laminar flow flowing mode in the fixation
Conical surface disk inner surface upper berth transforms into uniform film layer；Collect the feed liquid for flowing to the fixed axoid disk inner circle, in weight
Under power effect, continue to fall into corresponding on the inner surface of next layer alternate to the fixed axoid disk cone of revolution disk
Inner circle.In this way, feed liquid is under centrifugal force and weight effect, alternating table in the two groups of conical surface disks for turning round and fixing
Uniformly continuous stream film layer is formed on face.
Liquid film layer is thinner, and film temperature gradient is smaller, is heated more uniform, more levels off to evaporitic environment temperature, therefore relatively
For thick film layers, the saturated vapour pressure value of film layer feed liquid can be considered as being based on Clausius-Clapeyron equation principle
" equivalent improve ", i.e., temperature is higher, and the saturated vapour pressure value of gas-liquid interface is higher, and liquid is more easily evaporated into gas.Together
When, film layer quantity is more, and specific surface area is bigger, and evaporation capacity is bigger.Therefore, the multilayer disc-stack centrifuge and gravity film forming and difference
The low-temperature evaporation device of speed decompression, by alternately being formed on the two groups of a fairly large number of conical surface disk inner surfaces for turning round and fixing
Uniform film layer, to improve the evaporation efficiency of feed liquid.
On the outer surface for the two groups of conical surface disks for turning round and fixing, one group of uniform blade is each provided with；When described time
When turning conical surface disk and being rotated with the central shaft, the blade on the cone of revolution disk outer surface, because of the sticky masterpiece of gas
With the gas on the drive fixed axoid disk inner surface with feed liquid thin film layer does swirling motion, makes the fixed cone
The gas of feed liquid thin-film surface on the disk inner surface of face, produces one relative on the cone of revolution disk outer surface
The blade is along the slip speed on gyratory directions.Simultaneously as blade radius on the cone of revolution disk outer surface compared with
At big outer rim, tangential velocity is big compared with tangential velocity at its Inner edge, that is, exists due to the pressure difference of speed difference formation, make alternate
In tapered annular gap between revolution and fixed axoid disk, produce by the central shaft, to the multilayer disc-stack centrifuge
The gas in the low-temperature evaporation device cylinder inboard wall direction depressurized with gravity film forming and differential flows, and with along the gas on gyratory directions
Body slip speed synthesizes a total gas slip speed.
At the same time, when the cone of revolution disk rotates with central shaft, on the cone of revolution disk inner surface with
The gas of feed liquid thin film layer, because of the stagnation work by the blade on the fixed axoid disk outer surface alternate with it
With, make the gas of the feed liquid thin-film surface on the cone of revolution disk inner surface, also produce one relative to fixed axoid
The blade on disk outer surface is along the slip speed on the cone of revolution disk gyratory directions.Similarly, since described solid
Determine at the larger outer rim of blade radius on conical surface disk outer surface, tangential velocity is big compared with tangential velocity at its Inner edge, that is, exists
Due to the pressure difference of speed difference formation, make in the tapered annular gap that alternate revolution is constituted with fixed axoid disk, also produce
One in the central shaft, the low-temperature evaporation device cylinder depressurized to the multilayer disc-stack centrifuge and gravity film forming and differential
The gas flowing in wall direction, and with also synthesizing another total gas slip speed along the gas slip speed on gyratory directions.
According to bernoulli (Bernoulli) equation principle, fluid velocity is higher, and pressure is lower, i.e., be more conducive to evaporating ring
Border pressure is less than the saturated vapour pressure value of film layer feed liquid.Therefore, the multilayer disc-stack centrifuge is depressurized with gravity film forming and differential
Low-temperature evaporation device, by formed one group of the two total slip speed, cause vacuum pump set aspirate synergy under,
The stream pressure contacted with film layer is set to be more beneficial for the evaporitic environment low compared with the saturated vapour pressure value of film layer feed liquid, to improve evaporation
Efficiency.In addition, it can be seen from heat exchanger heat transfer strengthening mechanism, the pulsation of air-flow and turbulence intensity at increase film layer gas-liquid interface,
Thermal diffusivity, augmentation of heat transfer effect can be improved.
In feed liquid from the cone of revolution disk of the superiors, the undermost fixed axoid disk is successively flow to
During, the lower end side for the low-temperature evaporation device that thermal current is then depressurized from the multilayer disc-stack centrifuge and gravity film forming and differential
Portion enters, and makees reverse flow with feed liquid flow direction, successively rises, and during which flows through what alternate revolution was constituted with fixed axoid disk
In tapered annular gap, occur heat exchange with material film layer, feed liquid volatile component is evaporated to gas phase, and with steam, lead to
Cross vacuum pump set and discharge the low-temperature evaporation that the multilayer disc-stack centrifuge is depressurized with gravity film forming and differential via upper end pump orifice
Device.
If the feed liquid for discharging the low-temperature evaporation device that the multilayer disc-stack centrifuge is depressurized with gravity film forming and differential is waved
Hair property gas, is drawn into condensing unit and gas-liquid separation device, you can carry out distillation operation.Condensation and gas-liquid separation can be used
High-efficiency condensation and separator well known in the art, such as screw pipework condensation device, membrane separator, chromatographic column separator, macropore
Resin separator etc..
Implement the low-temperature evaporation device that the multilayer disc-stack centrifuge of the present invention is depressurized with gravity film forming and differential, with following
Beneficial effect：
Feed liquid is dispersed into by uniform film layer with Action of Gravity Field by the centrifugation of multilayer disk, to improve film layer solution
Saturated vapour pressure value, and by revolution and the uniform blade in fixed axoid disk outer surface, to film layer contact air-flow produce phase
To moving formed slip speed, to reduce the pressure on film layer gas-liquid interface, to be conducive to evaporitic environment pressure to be less than
The saturated vapour pressure value of film layer solution, meanwhile, using the cramped construction of multilayer disk, the specific surface area of feed liquid film layer is significantly carried
Height, realizes low temperature, the high-efficiency evaporating of feed liquid volatile component, coordinates condensation and gas-liquid separation device, and distillation can be achieved, extracts and makees
Industry.
Brief description of the drawings
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described, in accompanying drawing：
Fig. 1 is the main view profile for the low-temperature evaporation device that multilayer disc-stack centrifuge is depressurized with gravity film forming and differential；
Fig. 2 is the partial sectional view of cone of revolution disc stack；
Fig. 3 is the upward view of cone of revolution disc stack；
Fig. 4 is the partial sectional view of fixed axoid disc stack；
Fig. 5 is the upward view of fixed axoid disc stack.
Embodiment
In order to which technical characteristic, purpose and effect to the present invention are more clearly understood from, now compare accompanying drawing and describe in detail
The embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, the low temperature that a kind of multilayer disc-stack centrifuge that the present invention is provided is depressurized with gravity film forming and differential steams
Transmitting apparatus 01, its structure includes：Feed liquid feed socket 0101, upper bearing (metal) component 0102, upper centring ring 0103, feed liquid nozzle
0104, cone of revolution disc stack 0105, fixed axoid disc stack 0106, cylinder 0107, lower positioning fixed axoid disk
0108, support cylinder 0109, concentrate collection bucket 0110, concentrate discharge adapter 0111, lower bearing component 0112, boil-off gas
Export adapter 0113, cylinder top cover 0114, temperature sensor 0115, tightening round nut 0116, upper positioning shaft sleeve 0117, central shaft
0118, thermal current imports adapter 0119, and lower positioning shaft sleeve 0120, concentrate sheds disk 0121, steam condensate outlet connection
0122, drive pulley 0123.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, cone of revolution disc stack 0105 is by cone of revolution disk 01051, cone of revolution disk leaf
Piece 01052 and cone of revolution disk centring ring 01053 are constituted, and the quantity of cone of revolution disk blade 01052 is 4~16, this
In embodiment preferably, 6.
As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, fixed axoid disc stack 0106 is by fixed axoid disk 01061, fixed axoid disk leaf
Piece 01062 and fixed axoid disk centring ring 01063 are constituted, and the quantity of fixed axoid disk blade 01062 is 6~24, this
In embodiment preferably, 8.
As shown in Fig. 1~Fig. 5, fixed axoid disk centring ring 01063 on fixed axoid disc stack 0106 it is cylindrical
A diameter of D0；The interior Circular Aperture on fixed axoid disk 01061 on fixed axoid disc stack 0106 is D1；Fixed axoid dish
The height of piece component 0106 is GH；The height of fixed axoid disk centring ring 01063 is Gh；On cone of revolution disc stack 0105
The upper end outside diameter of cone of revolution disk 01051 be D2；Cone of revolution disk 01051 on cone of revolution disc stack 0105
Cone bottom outside diameter is D3, and the height of cone of revolution disc stack 0105 is ZH, the height of cone of revolution disk centring ring 01053
For Zh；The height of cylinder 0107 and the thickness sum of cylinder top cover 0114 are H, and the height of support cylinder 0109 is h；Cone of revolution dish
The angle of piece 01051 and the conical surface of fixed axoid disk 01061 and the axis of central shaft 0118 is β.
As shown in Fig. 1~Fig. 5, feed liquid feed socket 0101 is welded on the eccentric position of cylinder top cover 0114, and feed liquid adds
The material lower end of adapter 0101 is coupled with feed liquid nozzle 0104 by pipe thread seal；The axis of upper bearing (metal) component 0102 and cylinder top cover
0114 axis coaxle is arranged, and is coupled by bolt seal, and the upper end of central shaft 0118 coordinates assembling mode to be nested in upper axle with dynamic
In bearing assembly 0102；Cone of revolution disk 0105 is joined by cone of revolution disk centring ring 01053 and central shaft 0118 with spline
Connect, and be axially positioned by cone of revolution disk centring ring 01053, cone of revolution disc stack 0105 is by cone of revolution disk
01051st, cone of revolution disk blade 01052 and cone of revolution disk centring ring 01053 constitute integrative-structure by welding manner；
Fixed axoid disc stack 0106 by the kink of fixed axoid disk centring ring 01063 in the inwall of cylinder 0107, it is neighbouring
Fixed axoid disc stack 0106 with the positioning method of alignment pin, make the axle of all fixed axoid disc stacks 0106 of lamination
Line and central shaft 0118 are coaxial, and turn conical surface disk centring ring 01063 by fixed and be axially positioned, fixed axoid disk 0106
Welding side is passed through by fixed axoid disk 01061, fixed axoid disk blade 01062 and fixed axoid disk centring ring 01063
Formula constitutes integrative-structure；Cylinder 0107 can be divided into 2~4 sections, be coupled by flange and bolt seal；Boil-off gas export adapter
0113 is welded on the eccentric position of cylinder top cover 0114, and the upper flange of cylinder top cover 0114 and cylinder 0107 passes through bolt seal
Connection；Concentrate collection bucket 0110 and concentrate discharge adapter 0111 pass through welding manner composition one knot with support cylinder 0109
Structure；Thermal current imports adapter 0119 and is welded on the side wall of support cylinder 0109, and steam condensate outlet connection 0122 is welded on support
The bottom of cylinder 0109；The axis of lower bearing component 0112 is arranged with the axis coaxle of support cylinder 0109, and is coupled by bolt seal
In the bottom of support cylinder 0109, the lower end of central shaft 0118 coordinates assembling mode to be nested in lower bearing component 0112, is driven with dynamic
Belt wheel 0123 is by Flat dey joint in the shaft end of central shaft 0118.
As shown in figure 1, assembling successively in the following order：Assembling mode is coordinated to be nested in down with dynamic the lower end of central shaft 0118
In bearing assembly 0112；Concentrate is shed into disk 0121 to be inserted in the spline keyway of central shaft 0118, lower end central shaft 0118 is pressed in
At the shaft shoulder；Lower positioning shaft sleeve 0120 is inserted in the spline keyway of central shaft 0118, concentrate is pressed in and sheds on disk 0121；Will be lower fixed
Position fixed axoid disk 0108, which is pressed in the flange seam of support cylinder 0109, to be positioned；Cone of revolution disc stack 0105 is inserted in
In the spline keyway of central shaft 0118, it is pressed on lower positioning shaft sleeve 0120；Fixed axoid disc stack 0106 is pressed in lower positioning solid
Determine on conical surface disk 0108, then another cone of revolution disc stack 0105 is inserted in the spline keyway of central shaft 0118, be pressed in
On following cone of revolution disc stack 0105, alternately each cone of revolution disc stack 0105 and fixed axoid are assembled in this way
Disc stack 0106；It is inserted in until being assembled to the upper positioning shaft sleeve 0117 of the top in the spline keyway of central shaft 0118, by tight
Determine round nut 0116 to lock all parts being inserted in the spline keyway of central shaft 0118；The fixed axoid disc stack of the top
0106 is compressed by upper centring ring 0103 and cylinder top cover 0114, and the upper end of central shaft 0118 coordinates assembling mode to be nested in dynamic
In bearing assembly 0102.
As shown in Fig. 1~Fig. 5, fixed axoid disk centring ring 01063 on fixed axoid disc stack 0106 it is cylindrical
During a diameter of D0, the interior Circular Aperture on fixed axoid disk 01061：It is excellent in D1=(0.150~0.450) × D0, the present embodiment
Selection of land, D1=0.314D0；The height of fixed axoid disc stack 0106：In GH=(0.150~0.350) × D0, the present embodiment
Preferably, GH=0.265D0；The height of fixed axoid disk centring ring 01063：Gh=(0.080~0.250) × D0, this reality
Apply in example preferably, Gh=0.149D0；The upper end outside diameter of cone of revolution disk 01051：D2=(0.550~0.980), this
In embodiment preferably, D2=0.843D0；Cone of revolution disk 01051 bores bottom outside diameter：D3=(0.140~0.550) ×
In D0, the present embodiment preferably, D3=0.0.299D0；The height of cone of revolution disc stack 0105：ZH=(0.120~
0.380) in × D0, the present embodiment preferably, ZH=0.243D0；The height of cone of revolution disk centring ring 01053：Zh=
In (0.090~0.240) × D0, the present embodiment preferably, Zh=0.138D0；The height of cylinder 0107 and cylinder top cover 0114
Thickness sum：In H=(2.00~4.00) × D0, the present embodiment preferably, H=2.97D0；The height of support cylinder 0109 is h
In=(0.500~2.00) × D0, the present embodiment preferably, h=0.838D0；Cone of revolution disk 01051 and fixed axoid dish
The angle of the conical surface of piece 01061 and the axis of central shaft 0118 be in β=30 °~60 °, the present embodiment preferably, β=47 °.
200~the 1450r.p.m. of the range of speeds of central shaft 0118, by variable-frequency motor or servomotor speed regulating control；Temperature is passed
The temperature range that sensor 0115 is determined is 25~120 DEG C, and hot stream temperature and flow that adapter 0119 is passed through are imported by thermal current
Regulation control；Vacuum at boil-off gas export adapter 0113 is 0.035~0.095MPa, is adjusted and controlled by vacuum pump set.
The present invention had both made full use of imperial (Clausius Clapeyron) the equation principle of Clausius-carat amber, to enter one
Step improves the saturated vapour pressure value of film layer solution, bernoulli (Bernoulli) equation principle is utilized again, to reduce film layer gas
Pressure on liquid interface, to be conducive to evaporitic environment pressure to be less than the saturated vapour pressure value of film layer solution, realizes feed liquid volatility
The high-efficiency evaporating of component.Under centrifugal force and Action of Gravity Field, feed liquid is alternatively formed company in revolution and fixed axoid disk inner surface
Continuous film laminar flow, to improve the saturated vapour pressure value of film layer solution, meanwhile, in the two groups of conical surface disk appearances turned round and fixed
One group of equal blade is provided with face, makes the feed liquid film layer in the tapered annular gap between alternate revolution and fixed axoid disk
Gas one slip speed of formation on surface, to reduce the pressure on film layer gas-liquid interface, to be conducive to evaporitic environment pressure
Less than the saturated vapour pressure value of film layer solution, in addition, using the cramped construction of multilayer disk, showing the specific surface area of feed liquid film layer
Write and improve, realize low temperature, the high-efficiency evaporating of feed liquid volatile component, coordinate condensation and gas-liquid separation device, distillation can be achieved, carries
It is taken as industry.
Embodiments of the invention are described above in conjunction with accompanying drawing, but the invention is not limited in above-mentioned specific
Embodiment, above-mentioned embodiment is only schematical, rather than restricted, one of ordinary skill in the art
Under the enlightenment of the present invention, in the case of present inventive concept and scope of the claimed protection is not departed from, it can also make a lot
Form, these are belonged within the protection of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the low-temperature evaporation device that a kind of multilayer disc-stack centrifuge is depressurized with gravity film forming and differential, it is characterised in that including cylinder
Cone of revolution disc stack and fixed axoid disc stack that body, central shaft and multiple alternate laminations are set, the cone of revolution
Disc stack is fixedly connected with the central shaft, and the fixed axoid disc stack is fixed on the cylinder；The cylinder
Top imports adapter provided with feed liquid feed socket and boil-off gas export adapter, the lower section of the cylinder provided with hot gas；Institute
State cone of revolution disk and cone of revolution disk centring ring that cone of revolution disc stack includes being fixedly connected, the cone of revolution
Disk centring ring is fixed on the central shaft, and the cone of revolution disk is taper, and its surface sets cone of revolution disk leaf
Piece；The fixed axoid disc stack includes the fixed axoid disk and fixed axoid disk centring ring being fixedly connected, described solid
Determine conical surface disk centring ring and be close to cylinder setting；The outer surface of the fixed axoid disk is provided with fixed axoid disk blade.
2. the low-temperature evaporation device that multilayer disc-stack centrifuge according to claim 1 is depressurized with gravity film forming and differential, its
It is characterised by, the feed liquid feed socket lower end sets feed liquid nozzle.
3. the low-temperature evaporation device that multilayer disc-stack centrifuge according to claim 1 is depressurized with gravity film forming and differential, its
It is characterised by, the lower end of the cylinder is connected with support cylinder, concentrate collection bucket, the concentration is provided with the support cylinder
Liquid collection bucket is connected with the adapter of concentrate discharge.
4. the low-temperature evaporation device that multilayer disc-stack centrifuge according to claim 3 is depressurized with gravity film forming and differential, its
It is characterised by, the bottom of the concentrate collection bucket is provided with condensate drain.
5. the low-temperature evaporation device that multilayer disc-stack centrifuge according to claim 3 is depressurized with gravity film forming and differential, its
It is characterised by, shed disk provided with concentrate inside the concentrate collection bucket, the concentrate is shed disk and fixed on center shaft.
6. the low-temperature evaporation device that multilayer disc-stack centrifuge according to claim 3 is depressurized with gravity film forming and differential, its
It is characterised by, is lower positioning fixed axoid disk, lower positioning fixed axoid disk positioned at the fixed axoid disc stack of bottom
It is pressed in the flange seam of support cylinder and positions.
7. the low-temperature evaporation device that multilayer disc-stack centrifuge according to claim 1 is depressurized with gravity film forming and differential, its
It is characterised by, the central shaft is connected with drive device.
8. the low-temperature evaporation device that multilayer disc-stack centrifuge according to claim 1 is depressurized with gravity film forming and differential, its
It is characterised by, the end of the central shaft is connected with belt wheel.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510733146.1A CN105251227B (en) | 2015-10-31 | 2015-10-31 | The low-temperature evaporation device that a kind of multilayer disc-stack centrifuge is depressurized with gravity film forming and differential |
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| CN201510733146.1A CN105251227B (en) | 2015-10-31 | 2015-10-31 | The low-temperature evaporation device that a kind of multilayer disc-stack centrifuge is depressurized with gravity film forming and differential |
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| CN110639461B (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2024-04-09 | 浙江理工大学 | Falling film devolatilizer and falling film element thereof |
| KR102577190B1 (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2023-09-11 | 한화솔루션 주식회사 | distillation apparatus |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| BR8600564A (en) * | 1985-02-11 | 1986-10-21 | Falvourtech Pty Ltd | CONTRA-CURRENT CONTACT DEVICE OR DISTILLATION COLUMN, SYSTEM TO REDUCE THE ALCOHOLIC CONTENT OF A DRINK CONTAINING ALCOHOL, SYSTEM TO REDUCE THE ALCOHOLIC CONTENT OF WINE, SYSTEM FOR REMOVING AROMA AND / OR TASTE OF FRUIT JUICE, DE-DESULFURIZING A LIQUID AND PROCESS TO DISTILL, DISTILL BY FRACTIONATION OR REMOVE A SELECTED VOLATILE COMPONENT, OR COMPONENTS OF A LIQUID |
| CN101612486A (en) * | 2008-06-26 | 2009-12-30 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Rotary steam distillation equipment |
| KR101235619B1 (en) * | 2011-04-08 | 2013-02-21 | 주식회사 한강엔지니어링 | High purity distillation apparatus of Continuous type |
| CN205182209U (en) * | 2015-10-31 | 2016-04-27 | 武汉纽威制药机械有限公司 | Low temperature evaporation plant of centrifugation of multilayer disk type and gravity film forming and differential decompression |
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