CN105249527B - A kind of method that nappe flip length and centrifugal film decompression low temperature distillation extract Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of nappe flip length and method that centrifugal film decompression low temperature distillation extracts Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component, comprise the following steps: S1, will pulverize after the extraction raw material of Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component join in agitator tank, deliver to centrifugal separator after adding water stirring；S2, will separate after heavy thing be delivered to water fluid jet grind and carry out nappe flip length；S3, the lightweight thing solution that described step S2 obtains is delivered to multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge and gravity film forming and the low-temperature evaporation device upper end charge door of differential decompression, described low-temperature evaporation device includes cone of revolution video disc and the fixed axoid video disc that coaxial alternate lamination arranges, wherein, cone of revolution video disc is fixing rotates on center shaft；S4, gas phase perfume (or spice) source material, with steam, are aspirated into condenser, and are condensed into liquid together with water vapour；Make fragrant source material and condensed moisture from, it is thus achieved that the Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component of liquid by separator again.The present invention realizes pulverizing and the high quality tobacco aroma component of distillation extraction with pure physical method.

Description

A kind of method that nappe flip length and centrifugal film decompression low temperature distillation extract Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component

Technical field

The present invention relates to technical field of cigarette production, more particularly, it relates to a kind of nappe flip length is with centrifugal The method that film decompression low temperature distillation extracts Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component.

Background technology

Along with smoking is gradually stepped up by people with health problem attention rate, and dynamics of being banned on opium-smoking and the opium trade in public place Continue to increase, tobacco industry is being implemented while reducing tar and reducing harm engineering, starts to pay much attention to non-burning low temperature The novel tobacco goods research and development such as Medicated cigarette, electronic cigarette and buccal cigarette, and as relation industry value chain Key subjects strategic, of overall importance and long-term carry out.

Reducing tar and reducing harm engineering, makes the coal-tar middle oil content of Medicated cigarette constantly reduce, and the fragrance component in Nicotiana tabacum L. subtracts the most accordingly Few, smoke is thin out, the impact experience to smoking, accordingly, it would be desirable to extract aroma component from Nicotiana tabacum L. to low Jiao Oil cigarette flavor carries out effective compensation；In novel tobacco goods are constituted, this Studies of The Aromatic Substances of Nicotiana tabacum L. is to include smog Substrate, interior, forms the material that the peculiar fragrance of Nicotiana tabacum L. is indispensable, needs to extract cause perfume from Nicotiana tabacum L. and becomes Point；On the other hand, in the reconstituted tobacco course of processing of rising in recent years, by adding Nicotiana tabacum L. endogenous spice Compensate a part of this Studies of The Aromatic Substances of Nicotiana tabacum L. of loss, it is also desirable to from Nicotiana tabacum L., extract aroma component；Additionally, it is logical Cross the extraction to Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component, big during can comprehensively utilize and dissolve Nicotiana tabacum L. accumulating and production of cigarettes The scrap of amount generation, scarp, cabo, tobacco cut, and abandon the appreciable low-quality tobacco in field every year Leaf, not only reduces the garbage pollution to environment, can turn waste into wealth again simultaneously.

The distinctive aroma component of Nicotiana tabacum L. is mainly by its contained alcohols, aldehydes, ketone, esters, acids, ether The trace volatility of the Nicotiana tabacum L.s such as class, saccharide, terpenes, amino acids, alkaloid and heterocyclic compound is organic Thing forms.These volatile organic matters be typically with primary metabolite such as cellulose, pectin, protein, Hemicelluloses etc. are matrix, in being distributed in tobacco plant cell and in intercellular substance, when dissolution, it is necessary to first Could discharge through cell wall and cell membrane.But the xylem outside generally in herbaceous plant vascular bundle and inner side Phloem tissue relatively tight, make solvent be difficult to infiltration and diffusion, the aroma component of Nicotiana tabacum L. is difficult to efficiently be carried Take out.

In order to efficiently extract the aroma component of Nicotiana tabacum L., first tobacco plant can be carried out pulverization process, in order to Can dissolution smoothly in a solvent in these volatility perfume (or spice) source materials.

In order to realize tobacco plant is pulverized purpose, in the art, various known method can be used: as, Bioremediation, is degraded to the cell wall of Nicotiana tabacum L. by enzyme or bacterium, it is understood that there may be problem be, Alone enzyme often processes not thorough, can only Partial digestion cell wall；It is longer, carefully that alone bacterium processes the time Cell wall thoroughly clear up and bacterium metabolite may the quality of impact fragrant source material, the time is short and can not reach mesh 's.

And for example, physical treatment method, make pulverizing by method sides such as ultrasound wave, microwave, steam explosions.Its In, ultrasonic grinding is the cavitation Erosion utilizing high-frequency ultrasonic to produce in liquid and size degradation effect makes Cell wall crushes, and possible problem is constrained to ultrasonic transducer power, and disposal ability is the biggest；Microwave When breaking cellular wall is to utilize the plant medium in microwave field to absorb microwave energy, because intracellular molecular polarization produces even The most sub-Action of Superhigh Frequency Vibration, friction and heat, when after the latent heat gasification that liquid phase scrubbing is enough, break through cell wall and release Putting steam to reach to pulverize purpose, possible problem is that the fragrant source material of tobacco plant deteriorates because of overheated；Steam Explosion is after the steam utilizing and having certain pressure enters in plant cell, because unexpected pressure release makes steam release make Becoming to pulverize, possible problem remains overheated.It is big that physical treatment method processes intensity, and aroma component loses relatively Greatly.

For another example, chemical treatment method, mainly processed by diluted acid, alkali, ozone, organic solvent and oxidation etc., Make cell wall strength reduce or clear up, it is understood that there may be problem be reluctant to ask in these chemical composition later stages Topic.

Another kind of solvent extraction method, can utilize material in a solvent molten under conditions of not doing pulverization process Solving sex differernce, i.e. selecting need not dissolved element dissolubility little, and the solvent big to fragrant source Solubility of Substances, By solvent, the osmosis of cell wall is entered intracellular, dissolves solubility perfume (or spice) source material, cause intracellular, Outer concentration difference, makes intracellular concentrated solution constantly to external diffusion, and solvent the most constantly enters in cell, until When the inside and outside solution concentration of cell reaches dynamic equilibrium, saturated solution is leached, add novel solvent and continue molten Go out.Solvent can be highly polar water, it is also possible to be hydrophilic or lipophilic organic solvent.Solvent extraction Method is divided into cold extraction method and hot lifting manipulation two kinds, common solvent extraction method relative poor, and the time is long, inefficient, Aroma component relative amount is the highest, and fragrance is not enough.

After cell makes fragrant source material dissolve in solvent because of breaking cellular wall or diffusion, then it is further desirable that liquid phase Fragrant source material separate from solvent, i.e. distillation extraction.In the art, can use various known Method: as, distillation extraction, utilize each component boiling point (volatility) in mixing liquid different, make low boiling Component is evaporated, then is condensed into liquid to separate whole component.Wherein, the steam distillation with water as solvent, Good economy performance, safety height, strong operability, and to water solublity such as saccharide, amino acids, phenols in Nicotiana tabacum L. Flavor matter has preferable extraction effect, but for low polarity, volatile organic acid, terpenes, alcohol The crucial aroma component extraction effect such as class is the best, and needs higher evaporating temperature, and side reaction is more, Ke Nengying Ring this perfume effect of aroma component.

And for example, supercritical fluid CO₂Extraction, utilizes the superpower solvability that supercritical fluid is had, Make fragrant source material dissolve, and by the control of pressure and temperature, make CO₂Solvent reaches in extraction process Critical point, completes liquid phase to the hypercritical transition of gas phase, and obtains the fragrant source material of liquid phase.The method purity High, no solvent residue, is suitable for the extraction of the volatile aromatic composition to the most nonpolar in Nicotiana tabacum L. or low pole Take, therefore the existing more application in this area.But the method treating capacity is relatively low, equipment investment is relatively big, cost relatively Height is low to the aromatic substance extraction yield of low volatility.

By above-mentioned analysis, the key technology extracting aroma component from Nicotiana tabacum L. has 2 points, and one is, real Now pulverize；Two are, control to evaporating temperature when liquid-phase conversion is gas phase.The former is related to fragrant source material Dissolution, the latter is related to the quality of fragrant source material.

Nicotiana tabacum L. is Solanaceae herbaceous plant, can be used for extracting the tobacco-containing material of Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component be Nicotiana tabacum L. and root, Stem etc., wherein, Nicotiana tabacum L. by arranging close flat epidermis cell, and the palisade tissue cell of mesophyll, The parenchyma cell compositions such as spongy tissue cell and vascular bundle cell, have collenchyma near epidermis；Rhizome is grass Matter stem, gather in stem the most tiny vascular bundle, and being full of between vascular bundle is substantial amounts of parenchyma cell, Xylem in vascular bundle be distributed in outside phloem be then distributed in inner side (this is just complete with xylophyta On the contrary).Therefore, if by the xylem outside the collenchyma of Nicotiana tabacum L. epidermis, and rhizome vascular bundle and The phloem of inner side destroys, and the breaking cellular wall of parenchyma cell is easier to realize relatively.

In the art, the breaking cellular wall to tobacco plant cell, the most known method is to pass through enzyme Or the Degradation of bacterium, or by ultrasound wave, microwave, the physical wall breaking effect of steam explosion, or by acid Softening and the effect of clearing up of alkali solvent realize.In these methods, tobacco material is generally crushed to be less than 5～20 mesh, are i.e. smaller in size than below 4000～830 μm, and minority is also crushed to 100 mesh, i.e. 150 μ Below m.Obviously, the pulverizing size of these tobacco materials is significantly larger than the diameter of usual plant cell, i.e. The size range of 10～100 μm.Therefore, in existing Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component extractive technique, former to Nicotiana tabacum L. The pulverizing of material, does not produce the breaking cellular wall effect to cell.But by above-mentioned enzyme or the degraded of bacterium, or Ultrasound wave, microwave, the physical wall breaking of steam explosion, or make powder by the softening of soda acid solvent and the effect of clearing up Broken, the most thus cause the problem that corresponding disintegrating process brings, as more weak in there is controllability, sporoderm-broken rate is the highest, Or temperature is too high causes deterioration etc..

In the art, to the solution dissolved with Nicotiana tabacum L. perfume (or spice) source material, the evaporating temperature carrying out gas phase conversion controls Aspect, in the most known method, takes and includes vapor distillation, normal-temperature distilled and decompression steaming The measure such as evaporate, but " material of the same race not synthermal under have different saturated vapour pressures, and along with temperature Rising and increase, saturated vapour pressure value is the highest, is more conducive to liquid phase to become gas phase " evaporating principle with Nicotiana tabacum L. perfume (or spice) source material " temperature is too high causes deterioration " this coordination aspect to contradiction, belongs to conventional work mostly Skill balances, and relatively lacks the principle in terms of method and apparatus and breaks through.

The patent below quoted from some method and apparatus aspect wherein obtains certain success, but this can not It is suitable for being construed to these existing technology inevitably.

The Chinese patent CN 200610036630.X of Song Guangquan et al., discloses a kind of tobacco essence spice and carries Access method, comprises the steps: to pulverize or shredding Nicotiana tabacum L., and puts into extractor；By Nicotiana tabacum L. and solvent matter Amount ratio is 1:2～1:16, adds solvent in extractor；Being 20～60 DEG C in temperature, vacuum is Reduce pressure under 0.020～0.098MPa extract return method 1～8 hours；Extract is through 80～500 mesh mesh screen or titanium rod cores Or ultrafiltration etc. separates, collect filtrate, under vacuum is 0.020～0.098MPa, be evaporated to sample Proportion d₄ ²⁰It is 1.1～1.4g/ml, obtains tobacco essence spice.This invention have employed low-temperature reduced-pressure liquid-solid extraction, The closed circulating techniques such as gap flow stirring and concentrating under reduced pressure.

The Chinese patent CN 200680027774.7 of Philip Mirris Products Inc, discloses one and prepares The method of the solution containing tobacco solutes, including a kind of preferably extractant and supercritical fluid extraction Nicotiana tabacum L. Solute, to form the extractant rich in tobacco solutes and the Nicotiana tabacum L. of depleted tobacco solutes, will be enriched in Nicotiana tabacum L. molten The extractant of matter through entrapment solvent rich in formed tobacco solutes solution, wherein said tobacco solutes includes Buddhist nun Gu Ding and at least one tobacco flavor mixture and/or tobacco aroma compound.

The Chinese patent CN 200810237438.6 of Sun Deping et al., discloses a kind of tobacco sheets by paper making method The extracting process produced, has following material in extract and accounts for the percetage by weight of extract: acid egg White enzyme 0.02%～0.1%；Cellulase 0.01～0.1%；Pectase 0.01%～0.1%；Enzyme activity accelerator 0.1～1%.Acid protease carries out liquid submerged fermentation and post processing, uses homemade enzyme activity to promote simultaneously Enter agent.

The Chinese patent CN 200910027400.0 of yellow Wenhua et al., discloses the system of a kind of tobacco extract Preparation Method and application thereof, with Nicotiana tabacum L. as raw material, through enzymolysis, ultrasonic extraction, filtration, chromatographic column separate, Concentrating under reduced pressure step prepares tobacco extract；The ethanol of described tobacco extract concentration 80% dissolves, and uses Atomizing type spray is added in tobacco shred.This invention uses zymolysis technique and ultrasonic extraction, in conjunction with chromatography, Extracting temperature is low, and the time is short, and solvent load is few.

The Chinese patent CN 201110248504.1 of Wang Yuanliang et al., discloses one and utilizes ultrasound wave to alkalize Pretreatment is continuous extraction nicotine, hemicellulose, lignin, the new method of cellulose, tobacco powder from Nicotiana tabacum L. It is broken into the particle diameter powder no less than 20 mesh, adds and be equivalent to Nicotiana tabacum L. volume 10～the aqueous medium of 30 times, regulation PH value is to 9-13, and carries out ultrasonic pretreatment, and ultrasonic power is no less than 20kHz, during ultrasonic pretreatment Between no less than 20 minutes, obtain ultrasonic pretreatment fluid, further extraction nicotine, hemicellulose, lignin, Cellulose.

The Chinese patent application publication No. CN 103126062A of Zhang Qi et al., discloses one and grows tobacco composition Extracting method, including: (1) adds 5～15 times of non-polar organic solvents in Nicotiana tabacum L. by weight, stirring, Ultrasonic extraction 30～120 minutes, filter, and the extract of isolated is removed organic solvent and obtains oil soluble Property tobacco extracts；(2) Nicotiana tabacum L. after step (1) separating and extracting liquid adds 5～10 times of water by weight, Stirring, ultrasonic extraction 30～60 minutes, filter, the extract of isolated is removed water and obtains water solublity Tobacco extracts, merges with the oil-soluble tobacco extracts of step (1).The method can extract polarity Bigger water-soluble components, also can extract the oil-soluble composition that polarity is less.

The Chinese patent CN 201310177314.4 that Yang Qian is vivid et al., discloses and a kind of prepares with tobacco chippings The method of tobacco aromatics using and this fragrance applications.Utilize tobacco chippings as raw material, extract system by polar solvent Standby tobacco extract, mixes tobacco extract with macroporous resin and carries out static adsorption, after separating treatment, it is thus achieved that Unadsorbed latent fragrant component, by obtaining the flavor components of absorption after intensive polar solvent eluting macroporous resin.

The Chinese patent application publication No. CN 103462204A of Xu Qingquan et al., discloses one and includes water The reconstituted tobacco of the compound tobacco flavor matter that lifting manipulation and supercritical carbon dioxide fluid extraction prepare, Nicotiana tabacum L. causes perfumery Matter is oriented the polarity flavor matter of extraction and supercritical carbon dioxide fluid extraction from Nicotiana tabacum L. by water extraction from Nicotiana tabacum L. The nonpolar flavor matter that orientation is extracted is constituted, polarity flavor matter and the formula proportion of nonpolar flavor matter For 1000:0.1～5.

The Chinese patent application publication No. CN 103484252A of Pan Xuesong et al., discloses a kind of Jin Babu The preparation method of Wei essential oil of tobaccos, is prepared as extracting solution concentrated extract, then adds glycerol to concentrated extract, Finally it carried out decompression distillation, liquid-liquid extraction and concentrate the step of precipitation, it is thus achieved that faint yellow Zimbabwe Essential oil of tobaccos.

The Chinese patent application publication No. CN 103720031A of Tang Ziwen et al., discloses one and grows tobacco and carry Take preparation method and the application in Medicated cigarette of this extract of thing, take tobacco material according to feed liquid mass ratio The ratio of 1:5～1:10 adds concentration 70～the ethanol of 95%, adds tobacco material quality 0.5～the phosphoric acid of 3% Or sulphuric acid, circumfluence distillation 1～3 hours under conditions of 60～90 DEG C；Products therefrom cools down after filtering Supernatant, takes supernatant concentrating under reduced pressure, it is thus achieved that extractum, is tobacco extract.

The Chinese patent application publication No. CN 103789090A of Yang Yaling et al., discloses one and grows tobacco flower Volatile matter extracts and microcapsule preparation method, Nicotiana tabacum L. is shredded, is weighed, adds a certain amount of saliferous distilled water Solution, soaks certain time, and vapor distillation extracts, and collects fraction, obtains Nicotiana tabacum L. volatile matter.Add again 95% ethanol dilution, and add cyclodextrin and distilled water mix homogeneously, grind to form pastel with colloid mill, subtract Pressure sucking filtration, with absolute ethanol washing, the precipitation after sucking filtration is dried.

The Chinese patent application publication No. CN 104138028A of Qu Yongsheng et al., discloses one and grows tobacco perfume (or spice) Taste component extracting method, is balanced tobacco shred or Nicotiana tabacum L. processing or dried, makes sample moisture content uniform； By tobacco shred or Nicotiana tabacum L., put in Extraction solvent after dipping, cooling；Mixed liquor is put into Ultrasonic Cell Disruptor, profit With ultrasonic grinding tobacco shred or Nicotiana tabacum L.；After pulverizing tobacco shred or Nicotiana tabacum L., seal container, after continuing dipping, centrifugal Remove solid formation, i.e. obtain tobacco flavor constituents extraction liquid.

The Chinese patent application publication No. CN 104450186A of Liu Xinjian et al., discloses a kind of electronic cigarette The tobacco juice preparation method of this Studies of The Aromatic Substances of Nicotiana tabacum L., is placed in waste/hypo-tobacco leaf ultrasound-enhanced supercritical extraction equipment and enters Row extraction, ultrasonic frequency 20KHz, ultrasonic power 100W, carbon dioxide flow is 10～20L/h, extraction Pressure power is 15～25MPa, spends 40～55 DEG C, and extraction time is 1.5～2h, and entrainer is propylene glycol, second Alcohol, distilled water mixed solvent, prepare carbon dioxide and Nicotiana tabacum L. this Studies of The Aromatic Substances mixed liquor, more separated still is carried out Separate, control separation temperature 45～60 DEG C, separating pressure 7～12MPa, obtain this Studies of The Aromatic Substances of Nicotiana tabacum L..

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, it is provided that a kind of nappe flip length and centrifugal film decompression low temperature steam Evaporate the method extracting Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component, realize pulverizing and the high quality tobacco of distillation extraction with pure physical method Aroma component.

The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of nappe flip length of structure is with centrifugal The method that film decompression low temperature distillation extracts Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component, comprises the following steps:

S1, will pulverize after the extraction raw material of Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component join in agitator tank, send after adding water stirring To centrifugal separator；

S2, will separate after heavy thing be delivered to water fluid jet grind and carry out nappe flip length；

S3, the lightweight thing solution that described step S2 obtains is delivered to multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge and gravity film forming And the low-temperature evaporation device upper end charge door of differential decompression, described low-temperature evaporation device includes coaxial alternate lamination The cone of revolution video disc arranged and fixed axoid video disc, wherein, cone of revolution video disc is fixing to be done on center shaft Rotary motion；Lightweight thing solution, from the cone of revolution video disc of the superiors, successively flow to undermost fixed cone Face video disc；Thermal current is then from the low-temperature evaporation dress of described multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge with gravity film forming and differential decompression The lower end sidepiece put enters, and flows to make reverse flow with lightweight thing solution, successively rises, and period flows through back Turn the tapered annular gap that conical surface video disc is constituted with fixed axoid video disc, with solution film layer generation heat exchange, incite somebody to action The fragrant source material of liquid phase is evaporated to gas phase；

S4, gas phase perfume (or spice) source material, with steam, are aspirated into condenser, and cold together with water vapour Congeal into liquid；Make fragrant source material and condensed moisture from, it is thus achieved that the Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component of liquid by separator again.

In such scheme, water fluid jet grind by the impact of high-pressure water jet, water wedge tension force, cavitation denudation, The superfine grinding granularity making Nicotiana tabacum L. and the tobacco plant material such as root, stem reaches mean diameter about ＜ 5～l0 μm, The polar component being beneficial to fragrant source material is soluble in water, and meanwhile, the turbulent flow emulsifying violent at high-pressure water jet is made Under with, nonpolar (oiliness or the lipid) composition being also beneficial to fragrant source material is soluble in water.

In such scheme, described water fluid jet grind, formed with centrifugal separator, high-pressure plunger pump and delivery pump and close Road is pulverized and separating circuit, is used for planting described in heavy thing (containing the coarse granule) return separated by centrifugal separator The water fluid jet grind of thing superfine grinding, circulates pulverizing continuously；The lightweight thing solution that centrifugal separator is separated (containing fragrant source material and fine tobacco plant granule) high-pressure plunger pump of making a gift to someone, recycles as working media, Until the subparticle in the described lightweight thing solution of centrifugal separator separation, granularity reaches mean diameter about ＜ During 5～l0 μm, described lightweight thing solution is switched out closed-circuit pulverization and separating circuit, and is transported to next Stage is evaporated extracting.

In such scheme, when lightweight thing solution switches out closed-circuit pulverization with separating circuit, by centrifugal separator Described heavy thing after separation, switches out closed-circuit pulverization and separating circuit simultaneously, is delivered to filtering means dehydration device, Obtain the slag charge being made up of tobacco plant fibrous particle after dehydration, can be integrated into utilizing, as non-burning Type low temperature cigarette sheathing paper is manufactured paper with pulp admixture, or the carbonization as non-combustion type low-temperature cigarette fuel element is former Material etc..

In such scheme, in described step S3, lightweight thing solution and the heat of rising in low-temperature evaporation device The temperature of air-flow generation heat exchange is in the range of 25～95 DEG C.

In such scheme, described lightweight thing solution, first it is transported into evaporation slip preheater, is preheated to In the range of 25～55 DEG C, and can be adjusted by thermal current flow, then be transported to described multilamellar disc-type Centrifugal and gravity film forming and differential decompression low-temperature evaporation device is evaporated extracting.

In such scheme, by vacuum pump set, described multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge is subtracted with gravity film forming and differential The gas phase perfume (or spice) source material of the low-temperature evaporation device evaporation of pressure, with water vapour, is aspirated into condenser, And it is condensed into liquid together with water vapour；Again by separator, make fragrant source material and condensed moisture from, it is thus achieved that The Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component of liquid, the vacuum of vacuum pump set is 0.035～0.095MPa.

In such scheme, described lightweight thing solution, by described multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge and gravity film forming and difference After the evaporation and concentration of the low-temperature evaporation device of speed decompression, then it is cooled to room temperature via enriching slurry cooler, steams Send out the solution after concentrating cooling to be comprehensively utilized as the raw material producing tobacco extract.

In such scheme, by the extraction raw material of the Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma components such as Nicotiana tabacum L., root, stem, pulverized by plant Machine is crushed to granularity ＜ 10 mesh (1.7mm), joins in agitator tank, then by solid-to-liquid ratio 1:(2～8) add Enter water, at normal temperatures impregnated raw material 30～60min, period agitator with linear velocity 0.2～1m/s continuously or Have a rest stirring；By impregnating swelling good raw material, it is delivered to described centrifugal separator by slurry delivery pump, separates After heavy thing be transported to the described water fluid jet grind for plant superfine grinding；Lightweight thing after separation is molten Liquid, is transported to high-pressure plunger pump, recycles as working media.

In such scheme, separation is set at the discharge adapter of the described water fluid jet grind for plant superfine grinding Device, the tobacco plant aroma volatile that will produce during nappe flip length, it is fed directly to be positioned at The condenser of the low-temperature evaporation device back segment of described multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge and gravity film forming and differential decompression and In separator, trap in the lump with Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component.

Implement nappe flip length and the side of centrifugal film decompression low temperature distillation extraction Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component of the present invention Method, has the advantages that

Tobacco plant is carried out pulverizing, to improve the molten of Nicotiana tabacum L. perfume (or spice) source material by the present invention by water fluid jet grind Xie Du；And utilize a kind of multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge and gravity film forming and the cryogenic distillation of differential decompression, will Solution dissolved with Nicotiana tabacum L. perfume (or spice) source material is dispersed into uniform thin layer, to improve the saturated vapor of thin layer solution Pressure value, and by fluid differential decompression and the collaborative decompressing effect of vacuum draw, make dissolved with Nicotiana tabacum L. perfume (or spice) source material Solution high-efficiency evaporating at a lower temperature, finally by efficient condenser and separator, prepare with pure thing Reason method realizes pulverizing and the high quality tobacco aroma component of distillation extraction.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described, in accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is a kind of nappe flip length and the method for centrifugal film decompression low temperature distillation extraction Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component Technological process exemplary schematic illustration；

Fig. 2 is that the master of the low-temperature evaporation device that multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge reduces pressure with gravity film forming and differential is depending on cuing open Face figure；

Fig. 3 is the partial sectional view of cone of revolution disc stack；

Fig. 4 is the upward view of cone of revolution disc stack；

Fig. 5 is the partial sectional view of fixed axoid disc stack；

Fig. 6 is the upward view of fixed axoid disc stack；

Fig. 7 is the main pseudosection of water fluid jet grind for plant superfine grinding；

Fig. 8 is the top view of the water fluid jet grind for plant superfine grinding；

Fig. 9 is the A-A profile in Fig. 7；

Figure 10 is the main pseudosection of top charging hierarchy；

Figure 11 is the C direction view in Figure 10；

Figure 12 is the main pseudosection that lower nozzle pulverizes structure；

Figure 13 is the B direction view in Figure 12.

Detailed description of the invention

In order to the technical characteristic of the present invention, purpose and effect are more clearly understood from, now compare accompanying drawing Describe the detailed description of the invention of the present invention in detail.

As it is shown in figure 1, a kind of nappe flip length of present invention offer and centrifugal film decompression low temperature distillation extract cigarette The method of grass aroma component, its technological process and set device include: agitator tank 0101, tobacco pulp Material conveying pump 0102, high-pressure plunger pump 0103, for the water fluid jet grind 0104 of plant superfine grinding, pulverize Slurry delivery pump 0105, pulverizing slip separator 0106, flow control valve 0107, centrifugal separator 0108, Filtering means dehydration device 0109, evaporates slip preheater 0110, enriching slurry cooler 0111, multilamellar video disc The centrifugal low-temperature evaporation device 0112 reduced pressure with gravity film forming and differential of formula, condenser 0113, separator 0114, vacuum pump set 0115, handpiece Water Chilling Units 0116, hot gas source 0117.

Described a kind of nappe flip length and centrifugal film decompression low temperature distillation extract the method for Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component Processing step and main technologic parameters are as follows:

Step 1: by the extraction raw material of the Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma components such as Nicotiana tabacum L., root, stem, by plant pulverizer powder It is broken to granularity ＜ 10 mesh (1.7mm), joins in agitator tank 0101, then by solid-to-liquid ratio 1:(2～8) add Enter water, at normal temperatures impregnated raw material 30～60min, period agitator with linear velocity 0.2～1m/s continuously or Have a rest stirring；By impregnating swelling good raw material, it is delivered to centrifugal separator by tobacco slurry delivery pump 0102 0108, the heavy thing (containing raw material coarse granule) after separation is transported to the described water for plant superfine grinding Jet mill 0104；Lightweight thing (containing fragrant source material and fine tobacco plant granule) solution after separation, quilt It is conveyed into high-pressure plunger pump 0103, recycles as working media.

Step 2: the heavy thing after separation, via charging adapter, enters the described water for plant superfine grinding The tubular pulverizing chamber of flat ring of jet mill 0104, carries out nappe flip length；Slurry after pulverizing is by pulverizing Slurry delivery pump 0105, is sucked via discharge adapter and discharges the described water jet for plant superfine grinding Mill 0104, then be delivered to centrifugal separator 0108 and separate；By this process, make centrifugal separator 0108 Heavy thing after separation, by high-pressure plunger pump 0103, the described water fluid jet grind for plant superfine grinding 0104, centrifugal separator 0108 and pulverize in closed-circuit pulverization and the separating circuit that slurry delivery pump 0105 is formed, Obtain and circulate pulverizing continuously, until fine in the lightweight thing solution after being separated by centrifugal separator 0108 Grain, when granularity reaches the setting index of mean diameter about ＜ 5～l0 μm, will by flow control valve 0107 Lightweight thing solution switches out closed-circuit pulverization and separating circuit, and is transported into evaporation slip preheater 0110.

The described pulverizing pressure for the nozzle of the water fluid jet grind 0104 of plant superfine grinding is 5～20MPa, Preferably, 7～12MPa, the back pressure of the tubular crushing chamber of flat ring is in the range of 0.010～0.040MPa, excellent Selection of land, 0.02～0.03MPa.

By pulverizing slip separator 0106, by the described water fluid jet grind 0104 being used for plant superfine grinding The volatile aroma produced in crushing process is fed directly to be positioned at condenser 0113 He of vaporising device back segment Separator 0114 traps.

When lightweight thing solution being switched out closed-circuit pulverization with separating circuit by flow control valve 0107, will Heavy thing after centrifugal separator 0108 separation, switches out closed-circuit pulverization and separating circuit simultaneously, is delivered to Filtering means dehydration device 0109, obtains the slag charge being made up of tobacco plant fibrous particle after dehydration, can be combined Close and utilize, as manufactured paper with pulp admixture as non-combustion type low-temperature cigarette sheathing paper, or as non-combustion type low-temperature The carbonized stock etc. of Medicated cigarette fuel element.

Step 3: the lightweight thing solution obtained by step 2, is transported into evaporation slip preheater 0110, Making lightweight thing solution be preheated to 25～55 DEG C, the temperature in the range of this is adjustable；Lightweight thing solution after preheating, It is transported to described multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge and gravity film forming and the low-temperature evaporation device 0112 of differential decompression again Upper end charge door, from the cone of revolution video disc of the superiors, successively flow to undermost fixed axoid video disc； Thermal current is then from described multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge and gravity film forming and the low-temperature evaporation device 0112 of differential decompression Lower end sidepiece enter, and flow to make reverse flow with lightweight thing solution, successively rise, period flows through revolution The tapered annular gap that conical surface video disc is constituted with fixed axoid video disc, with solution film layer generation heat exchange, temperature Control in the range of adjustable 25～95 DEG C, the fragrant source material of liquid phase is evaporated to gas phase.

The fragrant source material of gas phase is with steam, under the swabbing action of vacuum pump set 0115, via upper end Pump orifice discharges described multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge and gravity film forming and the low-temperature evaporation device 0112 of differential decompression, The vacuum of vacuum pump set 0115 is 0.035～0.095MPa.

Discharge the described multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge low-temperature evaporation device 0112 with gravity film forming and differential decompression Gas phase perfume (or spice) source material, with steam, is aspirated into condenser 0113, and is condensed together with water vapour Become liquid；Again by separator 0114, make fragrant source material and condensed moisture from, it is thus achieved that the Nicotiana tabacum L. of liquid causes perfume Composition.

Solution after evaporation and concentration, via described multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge and gravity film forming and differential decompression The lower end of low-temperature evaporation device 0112 discharge, then be cooled to room temperature by enriching slurry cooler 0111, Solution after evaporation and concentration cooling can be comprehensively utilized as the raw material producing tobacco extract；

Handpiece Water Chilling Units 0116 provides coolant for condenser 0113 and enriching slurry cooler 0111, cooling Temperature range 0.5～8 DEG C.

Hot gas source 0117 for evaporation slip preheater 0110 and described multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge and gravity film forming and The low-temperature evaporation device 0112 of differential decompression provides thermal current, temperature range 85～110 DEG C.

The described water fluid jet grind for plant superfine grinding and described multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge and gravity film forming and The low-temperature evaporation device of differential decompression, and extraction system is configured with situ cleaning CIP device and steam height Temperature sterilizing measure.

As in figure 2 it is shown, multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge and gravity film forming and the low-temperature evaporation device of differential decompression 0112, its structure includes: feed liquid feed socket 1201, upper bearing (metal) assembly 1202, upper centring ring 1203, Feed liquid nozzle 1204, cone of revolution disc stack 1205, fixed axoid disc stack 1206, cylinder 1207, lower location fixed axoid video disc 1208, support cylinder 1209, concentrated solution collection bucket 1210, concentrate Liquid discharge adapter 1211, lower bearing component 1212, boil-off gas derives adapter 1213, cylinder top cover 1214, temperature sensor 1215, tightening round nut 1216, upper positioning shaft sleeve 1217, central shaft 1218, Thermal current imports adapter 1219, lower positioning shaft sleeve 1220, and concentrated solution sheds dish 1221, and steam condensate is arranged Go out adapter 1222, drive pulley 1223.

As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, cone of revolution disc stack 1205 by cone of revolution video disc 12051, return Turn conical surface video disc blade 12052 and cone of revolution video disc centring ring 12053 forms, cone of revolution video disc blade The quantity of 12052 is 4～16, in the present embodiment preferably, and 6.

As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, fixed axoid disc stack 1206 is by fixed axoid video disc 12061, solid Determine conical surface video disc blade 12062 and fixed axoid video disc centring ring 12063 forms, fixed axoid video disc blade The quantity of 12062 is 6～24, in the present embodiment preferably, and 8.

Fixed axoid video disc centring ring as shown in Fig. 2～Fig. 6, on fixed axoid disc stack 1206 The outside diameter of 12063 is D0；On fixed axoid video disc 12061 on fixed axoid disc stack 1206 Interior Circular Aperture be D1；The height of fixed axoid disc stack 1206 is GH；Fixed axoid video disc positions The height of circle 12063 is Gh；Cone of revolution video disc 12051 upper end on cone of revolution disc stack 1205 Outside diameter is D2；It is straight that end cylindrical bored by cone of revolution video disc 12051 on cone of revolution disc stack 1205 Footpath is D3, and the height of cone of revolution disc stack 1205 is ZH, cone of revolution video disc centring ring 12053 Height be Zh；Cylinder 1207 height is H with the thickness sum of cylinder top cover 1214, support cylinder The height of 1209 is h；Cone of revolution video disc 12051 and fixed axoid video disc 12061 conical surface and central shaft The angle of 1218 axis is β.

As shown in Fig. 2～Fig. 6, feed liquid feed socket 1201 is welded on the eccentric position of cylinder top cover 1214 On, feed liquid feed socket 1201 lower end is coupled by pipe thread seal with feed liquid nozzle 1204；Upper bearing (metal) group Part 1202 axis is arranged with cylinder top cover 1214 axis coaxle, and is coupled by bolt seal, central shaft 1218 upper ends are nested in upper bearing (metal) assembly 1202 in dynamic cooperation assembling mode；Cone of revolution video disc 12051 Coupled with spline with central shaft 1218 by cone of revolution video disc centring ring 12053, and pass through cone of revolution Video disc centring ring 12053 is axially positioned, and cone of revolution disc stack 1205 is by cone of revolution video disc 12051, cone of revolution video disc blade 12052 and cone of revolution video disc centring ring 12053 pass through welding manner Composition integrative-structure；Fixed axoid disc stack 1206 is by fixed axoid video disc centring ring 12063 kink In cylinder 1207 inwall, neighbouring fixed axoid disc stack 1206 is with the location side of alignment pin Formula, the axis making all fixed axoid disc stacks 1206 of lamination is coaxial with central shaft 1218, and passes through Fixing turning conical surface video disc centring ring 12063 and be axially positioned, fixed axoid disc stack 1206 is by fixed cone Face video disc 12061, fixed axoid video disc blade 12062 and fixed axoid video disc centring ring 12063 are by weldering The mode of connecing forms integrative-structure；Cylinder 1207 can be divided into 2～4 sections, is coupled by flange and bolt seal； Boil-off gas is derived adapter 1213 and is welded on the eccentric position of cylinder top cover 1214, cylinder top cover 1214 Coupled by bolt seal with the upper flange of cylinder 1207；Concentrated solution collection bucket 1210 and concentrated solution discharge connect Pipe 1211 and support cylinder 1209 form integrative-structure by welding manner；Thermal current imports adapter 1219 Being welded on support cylinder 1209 sidewall, steam condensate outlet connection 1222 is welded on support cylinder 1209 Bottom；Lower bearing component 1212 axis is arranged with support cylinder 1209 axis coaxle, and passes through bolt seal Being connected in bottom support cylinder 1209, central shaft 1218 lower end is nested in lower bearing in dynamic cooperation assembling mode In assembly 1212, drive pulley 1223 passes through the Flat dey joint axle head at central shaft 1218.

As in figure 2 it is shown, assembling the most successively: by central shaft 1218 lower end with dynamic cooperation assembling side Formula is nested in lower bearing component 1212；Concentrated solution is shed dish 1221 and is inserted in central shaft 1218 spline key In groove, it is pressed at lower center axle 1218 shaft shoulder；Lower positioning shaft sleeve 1220 is inserted in central shaft 1218 flower In key keyway, it is pressed in concentrated solution and sheds on dish 1221；Lower location fixed axoid video disc 1208 is pressed in support The flange seam of cylinder 1209 positions；Cone of revolution disc stack 1205 is inserted in central shaft 1218 flower In key keyway, it is pressed on lower positioning shaft sleeve 1220；Fixed axoid disc stack 1206 is pressed in lower location solid Determine on conical surface video disc 1208, then another cone of revolution disc stack 1205 is inserted in central shaft 1218 flower In key keyway, it is pressed on following cone of revolution disc stack 1205, the most alternately assembles each revolution Conical surface disc stack 1205 and fixed axoid disc stack 1206；Until being assembled to upper locating shaft topmost Set 1217 is inserted in central shaft 1218 spline keyway, will be inserted in central shaft by tightening round nut 1216 All parts locking in 1218 spline keyways；Fixed axoid disc stack 1206 topmost is by upper fixed Position circle 1203 and cylinder top cover 1214 compress, and central shaft 1218 upper end is nested in dynamic cooperation assembling mode In upper bearing (metal) assembly 1202.

Fixed axoid video disc centring ring as shown in Fig. 2～Fig. 6, on fixed axoid disc stack 1206 When the outside diameter of 12063 is D0, the interior Circular Aperture on fixed axoid video disc 12061: D1= (0.150～0.450) × D0, in the present embodiment preferably, D1=0.314D0；Fixed axoid disc stack The height of 1206: GH=(0.150～0.350) × D0, in the present embodiment preferably, GH=0.265D0； The height of fixed axoid video disc centring ring 12063: Gh=(0.080～0.250) × D0, excellent in the present embodiment Selection of land, Gh=0.149D0；Cone of revolution video disc 12051 upper end outside diameter: D2=(0.550～0.980) D0, in the present embodiment preferably, D2=0.843D0；End outside diameter bored by cone of revolution video disc 12051: D3=(0.140～0.550) × D0, in the present embodiment preferably, D3=0.299D0；Cone of revolution video disc The height of assembly 1205: ZH=(0.120～0.380) × D0, in the present embodiment preferably, ZH=0.243D0；The height of cone of revolution video disc centring ring 12053: Zh=(0.090～0.240) × D0, In the present embodiment preferably, Zh=0.138D0；Cylinder 1207 height and the thickness of cylinder top cover 1214 it With: H=(2.00～4.00) × D0, in the present embodiment preferably, H=2.97D0；Support cylinder 1209 Height be h=(0.500～2.00) × D0, h=0.838D0 in the present embodiment preferably；Cone of revolution The angle of video disc 12051 and fixed axoid video disc 12061 conical surface and central shaft 1218 axis is β=30 ° ～60 °, in the present embodiment preferably, β=47 °.

Central shaft 1218 range of speeds 200～1450r.p.m., by frequency conversion motor or servomotor speed governing control System；The temperature range that temperature sensor 1215 measures is 25～120 DEG C, thermal current import adapter 1219 The hot stream temperature being passed through and Flow-rate adjustment control；Boil-off gas derives the vacuum at adapter 1213 0.035～0.095MPa, vacuum pump set adjust and control.

As it is shown in fig. 7, the water fluid jet grind 0104 for plant superfine grinding includes: top charging classification knot Structure 041, and lower nozzle pulverizing structure 042, top charging hierarchy 041 pulverizes knot with lower nozzle Structure 042 is connected by bolt seal, and forms the tubular crushing chamber of flat ring 0424 and blade classification impact ring 0414 structure, wherein, the tubular crushing chamber of flat ring 0424 includes that multiinjector converges disintegrating area, and uniform spray Mouth multiple spot tangential impact disintegrating area.

As shown in Fig. 7～Figure 13, the outer diameter of the tubular crushing chamber of flat ring 0424 is D0, flat endless tube The inner diameter of shape crushing chamber 0424 is D1, and feed opening 0415 center circle diameter is D2, lower substrate cylindrical A diameter of D3, blade classification impact ring 0414 internal diameter is D4, and charging adapter 0411 internal diameter is Din, row Material adapter internal diameter is Dout.

As shown in Fig. 7～Figure 11, top charging hierarchy 041, by charging adapter 0411, discharge adapter 0412, upper matrix 0413, blade classification impact ring 0414 and feed opening 0415 are constituted, wherein, and blade Classification impact ring 0414 is by converging jet impact wall 0414a, uniform jet impact wall 0414b and cutting Constitute to blade 0414c.

As shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11, charging adapter 0411 is connected by bolt seal with upper matrix 0413, Charging adapter 0411 position is determined by feed opening 0415 center circle diameter D2, D2=(0.80～0.87) × D0, it is preferable that D2=0.84D0；Charging adapter 0411 diameter Din=(0.2～0.4) × (D0-D1), preferably Ground, Din=0.23 × (D0-D1), D0 span 300～1160mm.

As shown in Fig. 7, Figure 12 and Figure 13, the inner diameter of the tubular crushing chamber of flat ring 0424 is D1 For D1=(0.55～0.75) × D0, it is preferable that D1=0.64D0.

As shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11, discharge adapter 0412 is positioned at the center of matrix 0413 circle, and with upper Matrix passes through to be welded to connect, discharge adapter 0412 diameter Dout=(0.12～0.16) × D0, it is preferable that Dout=0.13D0.

As shown in Fig. 9, Figure 10 and Figure 11, blade classification impact ring 0414 and upper matrix 0413 are overall Structure, blade classification impact ring 0414 internal diameter D4=(0.45～0.65) × D0, it is preferable that D4=0.54D0；The arc length angle of the convergence jet impact wall 0414a in blade classification impact ring 0414 40 °～54 °, it is preferable that 48 °, and from have different cut angle convergence nozzle 0423a, 0423b, The axis of 0423c and 0423d, touches low-angle tangent with wide-angle；Blade classification impact ring 0414 On uniform jet impact wall 0414b corresponding tangent with uniform nozzle 0423 axis, uniform jet impact Wall 0414b arc length angle 16 °～20 °, it is preferable that 18 °；In blade classification impact ring 0414 Tangential vane 0414c cuts angle 25 °～50 °, it is preferable that 30 °, tangential vane 0414c setting area Arc length angle 42 °, the tangential vane 0414c setting area arc length angle 72 ° of next-door neighbour's feed opening 0415；Cut To blade 0414c height h=(2.8～3.5) × (D0-D1), it is preferable that h=3.1 × (D0-D1)；Cut for two Blade passage gap width to the alternate composition of blade 0414c is 3～6mm, it is preferable that 4mm.

As shown in Fig. 9, Figure 12 and Figure 13, lower nozzle pulverize structure 042, by nozzle plug 0421, Annular high voltage water distribution room 0422, convergence nozzle 0423a, 0423b, 0423c and 0423d, uniform nozzle 0423, and the tubular crushing chamber of flat ring 0424, pressure transducer 0425, lower substrate 0426 and water under high pressure Access tube 0427 is constituted.

As it is shown in figure 9, converging nozzle 0423a with horizontal axis angle is 10 °～20 °, it is preferable that 15 °, converge neighbour angle between nozzle 0423b, 0423c and 0423d be 17 °～25 ° preferably, 20°；The tangential angle beta of uniform nozzle 0423 is 50 °～75 °, it is preferable that 62 °；Converge nozzle and Uniform nozzle, is connected in lower substrate 0426 by thread seal；Water under high pressure access tube 0427 is welded on down On matrix 0426 cylindrical sidewall, and communicate with annular high voltage water distribution room 0422.

As shown in figs. 7 and 13, the cross section of fluid channel size of the tubular crushing chamber of flat ring 0424: width B=0.5 × (D0-D1), highly H=(0.15～0.35) × (D0-D1), it is preferable that H=0.2 (D0-D1).

Converge nozzle be 3～7 throat diameters be 0.7～2.5mm High pressure water jet nozzle, it is preferable that converge Poly-nozzle be 4 throat diameters be the High pressure water jet nozzle of 1mm；Multiple uniform nozzles are 4～9 larynxs Portion a diameter of 0.7～the High pressure water jet nozzle of 2.5mm, it is preferable that converging nozzle is that 4 throat diameters are 1mm High pressure water jet nozzle.

The pulverizing pressure of High pressure water jet nozzle is 5～30MPa, it is preferable that 7～12MPa.

Discharge adapter is connected with suction pump, and swabbing pressure, by suction pump Serve Motor Control, makes flat endless tube The back pressure of shape crushing chamber is in the range of 0.080～0.040MPa, it is preferable that in the range of 0.02～0.03MPa. Owing to the described water fluid jet grind for plant superfine grinding is with water as working media, if in crushing process, logical Cross high-pressure plunger pump from extraction system, supplement work Jie's water continuously, then can cause fragrant source material Excessively dilute and affect distillation efficiency.To this, extraction system is configured with centrifugal separator, makes high-pressure plunger Pump, the described water fluid jet grind for plant superfine grinding, centrifugal separator and delivery pump form closed-circuit pulverization With separating circuit, the heavy thing (containing coarse granule) separated by centrifugal separator returns described ultra-fine for plant The water fluid jet grind pulverized, circulates pulverizing continuously；The lightweight thing separated by centrifugal separator is (containing fragrant source thing Matter and fine tobacco plant granule) high-pressure plunger pump of making a gift to someone, recycle as working media, until centrifugal When the granularity of the lightweight thing that seperator separates reaches mean diameter about ＜ 5～l0 μm, with the form of wet colloidal sol It is transported into heat exchanger preheating, then is admitted to multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge and gravity film forming and differential decompression Low-temperature evaporation device upper end charge door is evaporated processing.

The present invention utilizes the water fluid jet grind for plant superfine grinding to carry out tobacco plant pulverizing, to carry The dissolubility of high Nicotiana tabacum L. perfume (or spice) source material；And utilize multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge low with what gravity film forming and differential reduced pressure Temperature vaporising device, will be dispersed into uniform thin layer, to improve thin layer dissolved with the solution of Nicotiana tabacum L. perfume (or spice) source material The saturated vapour pressure value of solution, and by fluid differential decompression and the collaborative decompressing effect of vacuum draw, make molten There is the solution high-efficiency evaporating at a lower temperature of Nicotiana tabacum L. perfume (or spice) source material；Described super for plant by being specifically designed for The low-temperature evaporation that finely divided water fluid jet grind and described multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge reduce pressure with gravity film forming and differential The coupling technique of device design and auxiliary device configuration, form a set of Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component extraction system.

By the described water fluid jet grind for plant superfine grinding, by the extraction raw material of Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component, i.e. Nicotiana tabacum L. and root, stem etc., under the impact of high-pressure water jet and water wedge tension force and cavitation denudation, micropowder It is broken to mean diameter about ＜ 5～l0 μm, makes diameter about at the various tobacco plants of 10～100 μ m in size scopes The cell wall damage of cell, the polar component not only contributing to fragrant source material is soluble in water, and at water under high pressure Under the turbulent flow emulsification that jet is violent, it is also beneficial to nonpolar (oiliness or lipid) composition of fragrant source material Soluble in water.

Owing to the described water fluid jet grind for plant superfine grinding is with water as working media, if in crushing process, From extraction system, supplemented work Jie's water by high-pressure plunger pump continuously, then can cause fragrant source material Excessively dilute and affect distillation efficiency.To this, extraction system is configured with centrifugal separator, make high-pressure plunger pump, The described water fluid jet grind for plant superfine grinding, centrifugal separator and delivery pump form closed-circuit pulverization and separate Loop, is used for plant superfine grinding described in heavy thing (containing the coarse granule) return of centrifugal separator separation Water fluid jet grind, circulates pulverizing continuously；The lightweight thing that separated by centrifugal separator is (containing fragrant source material and micro- Thin tobacco plant granule) high-pressure plunger pump of making a gift to someone, recycle as working media, until centrifugal separator When the granularity of the lightweight thing separated reaches mean diameter about ＜ 5～l0 μm, it is delivered into the form of wet colloidal sol Enter heat exchanger preheating, then be admitted to the low-temperature evaporation dress of multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge and gravity film forming and differential decompression Put upper end charge door to be evaporated processing.

Owing to plant granule size contained in work Jie's water is small, and almost without abrasion, therefore do not result in The high-pressure plunger pump supercharging push rod abrasion with simple linear re-ciprocating motion as operation principle, and to solution Produce doping contact scar.Water fluid jet grind heats up the least in crushing process, fragrant source material will not be produced heat Impact.

During nappe flip length, the aroma type that some in tobacco plant are prone to from liquid phase escape divides Son, produces volatilization due to impact and the cavitation of high-pressure water jet, therefore surpasses for plant described At the discharge adapter of finely divided water fluid jet grind, separator is set, this part volatile aroma is directly carried To condensation and the gas-liquid separation device being positioned at vaporising device back segment, trap in the lump with Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component.

Nicotiana tabacum L. and root, the stem etc. of raw material is extracted, described for plant micropowder as Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component Before broken water fluid jet grind is pulverized, first with water retting in agitator tank, Plant fiber is made to produce certain molten Swollen, in order to water fluid jet grind is efficiently loosened pulverizing.

By a period of time of Nicotiana tabacum L. and the raw material such as root, stem is pulverized and at the dissolution of fragrant source material Reason, the heavy thing (containing coarse granule) separated via centrifugal separator is admitted to filtering means dehydration device and carries out solid-liquid Separating, the slag charge of gained can be integrated into utilizing, and mixes as manufactured paper with pulp as non-combustion type low-temperature cigarette sheathing paper Close material, or the carbonized stock etc. as non-combustion type low-temperature cigarette fuel element.

Described multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge and gravity film forming and the low-temperature evaporation device of differential decompression, have revolution Arranging structure with the fixing coaxial alternate lamination of two groups of conical surface video discs, wherein, cone of revolution video disc is fixed on Rotate on central shaft.When solution is injected into the cone of revolution video disc of the superiors by upper end charge door Time on inner surface, under centrifugal action, solution sprawls uniformly thin layer on an internal surface, and with The mode of flowing is thrown to cone of revolution video disc cylindrical continuously；Flow under the influence of gravity into alternate with it under At the cylindrical of one layer of fixed axoid video disc inner surface, and collect along the conical surface and flow to fixed axoid video disc inner circle Place, in the process, solution under gravity, still at fixed axoid video disc in the way of continuously flowing The inner surface upper berth uniform thin layer of generated；Collect the solution flowing to fixed axoid video disc inner circle, continue Continue and fall into the inner circle on the inner surface of next alternate with it layer cone of revolution video disc, in this way, molten Liquid, under centrifugal force and weight effect, is alternately formed in revolution and two groups of fixing conical surface video disc inner surfacies Uniform films layer.

According to Clausius-Clapeyron equation principle, liquid film layer is the thinnest, and film temperature gradient is more Little, it is heated the most uniform, more levels off to evaporitic environment temperature, compared with thick film layers, its liquid saturated Vapor pressure values improves, i.e. thin layer solution is the most easily evaporated into gas, and meanwhile, film number of plies amount is the most, Specific surface area is the biggest, and evaporation capacity is the biggest.Therefore, described multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge and gravity film forming and differential The low-temperature evaporation device of decompression, by alternately in revolution and two groups of fixing a fairly large number of conical surface video discs Form uniform films layer on surface, improve the evaporation efficiency of fragrant source material.

On the outer surface of revolution and two groups of fixing conical surface video discs, it is each provided with one group of uniform blade； When cone of revolution video disc rotates with central shaft, the blade on cone of revolution video disc outer surface, because of gas Viscous force effect, drives the gas contacted with solution film layer on fixed axoid video disc inner surface to do eddy flow fortune Dynamic, make the gas on solution film layer surface on fixed axoid video disc inner surface, produces one relative to time Turn the slip speed of blade on conical surface video disc outer surface；Meanwhile, revolve with central shaft when cone of revolution video disc When turning, the gas that cone of revolution video disc inner surface contacts with solution film layer, because of by alternate with it The stagnation effect of the blade on fixed axoid video disc outer surface, makes the solution on cone of revolution video disc inner surface The gas of thin-film surface, also produces a slippage relative to the blade on fixed axoid video disc outer surface Speed.

According to bernoulli (Bernoulli) equation principle, fluid velocity is the highest, and pressure is the lowest, the most favourable The saturated vapour pressure value of film layer solution it is less than in evaporitic environment pressure.Therefore, described multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge The low-temperature evaporation device reduced pressure with gravity film forming and differential, by forming the two slip speed, makes and film The stream pressure of layer contact, less than the saturated vapour pressure value of film layer solution, improves the evaporation effect of fragrant source material Rate.Meanwhile, by increasing the specific surface area of solution film layer, the evaporation capacity of high-quality slender joss stick source material is strengthened.

At the solution dissolved with fragrant source material from the cone of revolution video disc of the superiors, successively it flow to undermost During fixed axoid video disc, thermal current is then from described multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge and gravity film forming and differential The lower end sidepiece of the low-temperature evaporation device of decompression enters, and flows to make reverse flow with solution, successively goes up Rising, period flows through the tapered annular gap that cone of revolution video disc is constituted with fixed axoid video disc, with solution film There is heat exchange in layer, the fragrant source material of liquid phase is evaporated to gas phase, with steam, passes through vacuum pump set Described multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge and gravity film forming and the low-temperature evaporation of differential decompression is discharged via upper end pump orifice Device.The saturated vapour pressure value relatively low due to solution thin layer and the decompressing effect of slip speed, and vacuum The suction synergism of unit so that evaporating temperature is relatively low, temperature operating ranges can in 25～95 DEG C Adjust.

Discharge described multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge and gravity film forming and the gas phase of the low-temperature evaporation device of differential decompression Fragrant source material, is aspirated into condensing unit and gas-liquid separation device, makes fragrant source material and condensed moisture From, it is thus achieved that the Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component of liquid.Condensation and gas-liquid separation can use well known in the art the coldest Coagulate and segregation apparatus, such as screw pipework condensation device, membrane separator, chromatographic column separator, macroporous resin Separator etc..

Solution after evaporation and concentration, subtracts with gravity film forming and differential via described multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge The low-temperature evaporation device lower end of pressure is discharged, owing to having low saturated vapour pressure value containing some in concentrated solution Nicotiana tabacum L. perfume (or spice) source material, therefore can be comprehensively utilized as the raw material producing tobacco extract.

Above in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are described, but the invention is not limited in The detailed description of the invention stated, above-mentioned detailed description of the invention is only schematic rather than restricted , those of ordinary skill in the art is under the enlightenment of the present invention, without departing from present inventive concept and right Require, under the ambit protected, to it may also be made that a lot of form, these belong to the present invention protection it In.

Claims (10)

1. the method that nappe flip length and centrifugal film decompression low temperature distillation extract Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component, its It is characterised by, comprises the following steps:

S1, will pulverize after the extraction raw material of Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component join in agitator tank, after adding water stirring Deliver to centrifugal separator；

S2, will separate after heavy thing be delivered to water fluid jet grind and carry out nappe flip length；

S3, the lightweight thing solution separating acquisition after nappe flip length in described step S2 is delivered to multilamellar dish The centrifugal low-temperature evaporation device upper end charge door reduced pressure with gravity film forming and differential of chip, described low-temperature evaporation fills Put cone of revolution video disc and the fixed axoid video disc including that coaxial alternate lamination is arranged, wherein, cone of revolution dish Sheet is fixing to rotate on center shaft；Lightweight thing solution, from the cone of revolution video disc of the superiors, successively flows Move undermost fixed axoid video disc；Thermal current is then from described multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge and gravity film forming and difference The lower end sidepiece of the low-temperature evaporation device of speed decompression enters, and flows to make reverse flow with lightweight thing solution, by Layer rises, and period flows through the tapered annular gap that cone of revolution video disc is constituted with fixed axoid video disc, with solution Film layer generation heat exchange, is evaporated to gas phase by the fragrant source material of liquid phase；

S4, gas phase perfume (or spice) source material, with steam, are aspirated into condenser, and together with water vapour by It is condensed into liquid；Again by separator make fragrant source material and condensed moisture from, it is thus achieved that the Nicotiana tabacum L. of liquid causes perfume and becomes Point.

Nappe flip length the most according to claim 1 and centrifugal film decompression low temperature distillation are extracted Nicotiana tabacum L. and are caused The method of fragrant composition, it is characterised in that in described step S2, by high-pressure plunger pump, water fluid jet grind, Centrifugal separator and pulverize slurry delivery pump and connect and form closed-circuit pulverization and separating circuit, former in agitator tank Material, is delivered to centrifugal separator by tobacco slurry delivery pump, and the heavy thing after separation is transported to water jet Mill；Lightweight thing solution after separation, is conveyed into high-pressure plunger pump, recycles as working media.

Nappe flip length the most according to claim 2 and centrifugal film decompression low temperature distillation are extracted Nicotiana tabacum L. and are caused The method of fragrant composition, it is characterised in that fine in lightweight thing solution after centrifugal separator separates When the granularity of grain reaches the setting index of mean diameter, the heavy thing after centrifugal separator separates switches out closed circuit Pulverizing and separating circuit, heavy thing is delivered to filtering means dehydration device.

Nappe flip length the most according to claim 2 and centrifugal film decompression low temperature distillation are extracted Nicotiana tabacum L. and are caused The method of fragrant composition, it is characterised in that the slurry after pulverizing is the company of acquisition in closed-circuit pulverization with separating circuit Continuous circulation is pulverized, until the subparticle granularity in the lightweight thing solution after being separated by centrifugal separator reaches flat During the setting index of equal particle diameters, by flow control valve, lightweight thing solution is switched out closed-circuit pulverization and separates back Road, and it is transported into evaporation slip preheater, the lightweight thing solution after preheating, then it is transported to multilamellar dish The centrifugal low-temperature evaporation device upper end charge door reduced pressure with gravity film forming and differential of chip.

Nappe flip length the most according to claim 4 and centrifugal film decompression low temperature distillation are extracted Nicotiana tabacum L. and are caused The method of fragrant composition, it is characterised in that described evaporation slip preheater and multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge and gravity The low-temperature evaporation device of film forming and differential decompression is connected with hot gas source.

Nappe flip length the most according to claim 1 and centrifugal film decompression low temperature distillation are extracted Nicotiana tabacum L. and are caused The method of fragrant composition, it is characterised in that the volatile aroma produced in described water fluid jet grind crushing process is defeated Deliver to be positioned in the condenser of vaporising device back segment and trap.

Nappe flip length the most according to claim 1 and centrifugal film decompression low temperature distillation are extracted Nicotiana tabacum L. and are caused The method of fragrant composition, it is characterised in that the solution after evaporation and concentration, via described multilamellar disc-stack centrifuge with The lower end of the low-temperature evaporation device of gravity film forming and differential decompression is discharged, then is cooled down by enriching slurry cooler To room temperature.

Nappe flip length the most according to claim 7 and centrifugal film decompression low temperature distillation are extracted Nicotiana tabacum L. and are caused The method of fragrant composition, it is characterised in that described condenser and cooler are connected with handpiece Water Chilling Units.

Nappe flip length the most according to claim 1 and centrifugal film decompression low temperature distillation are extracted Nicotiana tabacum L. and are caused The method of fragrant composition, it is characterised in that in described step S1, by the extraction raw material of Nicotiana tabacum L. aroma component It is crushed to granularity ＜ 10 mesh by plant pulverizer, joins in agitator tank, then by solid-to-liquid ratio 1:(2～8) Add water, at normal temperatures impregnated raw material 30～60min, period agitator with linear velocity 0.2～1m/s continuously or Intermittent stirring.

Nappe flip length the most according to claim 1 and centrifugal film decompression low temperature distillation are extracted Nicotiana tabacum L. and are caused The method of fragrant composition, it is characterised in that in described step S3, lightweight thing solution in low-temperature evaporation device The temperature of the thermal current generation heat exchange with rising is in the range of 25～95 DEG C.