CN105249390A - Chinese prickly ash cooking wine and preparation method therefor - Google Patents

Chinese prickly ash cooking wine and preparation method therefor Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN105249390A
CN105249390A CN201510562381.7A CN201510562381A CN105249390A CN 105249390 A CN105249390 A CN 105249390A CN 201510562381 A CN201510562381 A CN 201510562381A CN 105249390 A CN105249390 A CN 105249390A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
essential oil
cooking wine
wine
emulsifying agent
prickly ash
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201510562381.7A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN105249390B (en
Inventor
毛健
苏蓝田
周志磊
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Jiangnan University
Original Assignee
Jiangnan University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Jiangnan University filed Critical Jiangnan University
Priority to CN201510562381.7A priority Critical patent/CN105249390B/en
Publication of CN105249390A publication Critical patent/CN105249390A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN105249390B publication Critical patent/CN105249390B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23VINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2002/00Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs

Landscapes

  • Seasonings (AREA)
  • Edible Oils And Fats (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses Chinese prickly ash cooking wine and a preparation method therefor, and belongs to the brewing technology field. A microemulsion formula of Chinese prickly ash essential oil is designed with natural Chinese prickly ash essential oil is employed as a raw material, and a Chinese prickly ash essential oil microemulsion is prepared. The obtained Chinese prickly ash essential oil microemulsion is blended with rice wine and salt, the pH value of rice wine, the rice wine alcohol degree, the edible salt addition and the Chinese prickly ash essential oil microemulsion are adjusted, full stirring is carried out, and Chinese prickly ash cooking with a high essential oil content is prepared after operations of filtering, disinfection, filling and the like. When the produced cooking wine is compared with traditional Chinese prickly ash cooking wine, the essential oil content in the cooking wine is raised by more than 10 times, and the mutton smell removal, fish smell removal and seasoning effects are substantial. In addition, the cooking wine produced through the technology is clear and stable, the essential oil preserving rate is 97.25% after storage for 12 months, the cooking wine light transmittance is 97.18%, and good storage stability is achieved.

Description

A kind of Chinese prickly ash cooking wine and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Chinese prickly ash cooking wine and preparation method thereof, belong to technology and brewing technology.
Background technology
Cooking wine is a kind of wine being specifically designed to Cooking Seasoning, and the smell of fish, meat is mainly removed in the effect of cooking wine, increases the fragrance of dish, is conducive to salty sweet each taste and fully infiltrates in dish.Existing flavourings cooking wine is mainly based on fermented wine, Spirit or edible alcohol composition, adds edible salt (can add plant spice), formulated liquid flavoring.
Chinese prickly ash is indispensable flavouring during people live, and the topmost purposes of Chinese prickly ash is as spice, among the cooking processing and seasoning of numerous food, has effects such as composing fragrant, painted, covering smell, anticorrosion, health care, increase appetite.The fragrance of Chinese prickly ash is produced by pepper volatile oil.
The Chinese prickly ash of drying is immersed in edible alcohol or wine by existing Chinese prickly ash cooking wine preparation technology, the Chinese prickly ash leaching liquor obtained after filtering mixes obtained with edible alcohol, yellow rice wine and other spice, but the cooking wine active ingredient pepper volatile oil content that this technique obtains is low, and Chinese prickly ash fragrance is light not strong; In addition, due to the protein contained in Chinese prickly ash, the interaction of the materials such as plant polyphenol and yellow rice wine, in the Chinese prickly ash cooking wine of preparation, easy flocculation sediment, reduces cooking wine organoleptic quality, shortens the shelf life of cooking wine.
Along with the continuous expansion of the cooking wine market demand, find a kind of Chinese prickly ash aromatic flavour and the cooking wine preparation method keeping cooking wine stable has great importance.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, for improving volatile oil content in Chinese prickly ash cooking wine, proposes a kind of production method of stable high pepper volatile oil content cooking wine.
Said method comprising the steps of:
1) preparation of Japan pepper essential oil microemulsion: with natural Japan pepper essential oil for raw material, according to formula by emulsifying agent and assistant for emulsifying agent mixing, Japan pepper essential oil is added, at 25-40 DEG C, with the speed of 1500-3000r/min in gained mixture, stir 10-20min, water is added again, at 25-40 DEG C, with the speed of 1500-3000r/min in the mixture obtained, stir 10-20min, obtained Japan pepper essential oil microemulsion;
2) cooking wine allotment: adjustment yellow rice wine pH value is 3.6-3.8, and yellow rice wine wine degree is 10%-13% (v/v), and the addition of edible salt is 10-15g/L, and the addition of Japan pepper essential oil microemulsion is 1 ‰-3 ‰ of yellow rice wine volume, fully stirs;
3) semi-finished product cooking wine obtains finished product cooking wine after filtering, sterilizing, filling, finished product process, and filtering is undertaken to each operation of finished product by the requirement in cooking wine conventional production process.
The formula of described Japan pepper essential oil microemulsion is: the natural Japan pepper essential oil of 5-10 mass parts, the emulsifying agent of 20-30 mass parts, the assistant for emulsifying agent of 10-15 mass parts, the water of 50-70 mass parts.
Described emulsifying agent is Tween 80, and assistant for emulsifying agent used is edible alcohol.
In one embodiment of the invention, the formula of described Japan pepper essential oil microemulsion is: the natural Japan pepper essential oil of 5 mass parts, the emulsifying agent of 20 mass parts, the assistant for emulsifying agent of 10 mass parts, the water of 65 mass parts; Emulsifying agent is Tween 80, and assistant for emulsifying agent is edible alcohol.
In one embodiment of the invention, the formula of described Japan pepper essential oil microemulsion is: the natural Japan pepper essential oil of 7 mass parts, the emulsifying agent of 20 mass parts, the assistant for emulsifying agent of 10 mass parts, the water of 70 mass parts; Emulsifying agent is Tween 80, and assistant for emulsifying agent is edible alcohol.
The Pricklyash Peel material alcohol oil content that the present invention obtains can reach 192mg/L, apparently higher than common cooking wine, has and good goes the flavouring effect of rendering palatable of having a strong smell; In addition, the cooking wine of this explained hereafter has good storage stability, and store the cooking wine clear stable after December, Japan pepper essential oil retention rate reaches 97.25%, and cooking wine light transmittance is 97.18%.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is pepper volatile oil storage rate variation diagram in the Chinese prickly ash cooking wine storage of embodiment 1 preparation.
Fig. 2 is light transmittance variation diagram in the Chinese prickly ash cooking wine storage of embodiment 1 preparation.
Detailed description of the invention
Japan pepper essential oil storage rate: by the cooking wine for preparing under room temperature (about 25 DEG C), deposit 12 months, measure the change of Japan pepper essential oil wherein, Japan pepper essential oil storage rate (%)=(content of content/storage Japan pepper essential oil after 12 months of the front Japan pepper essential oil of storage) × 100%.
The mensuration of the content of Japan pepper essential oil: adopt steam distillation to measure the total content of peppermint oil in cooking wine, joined in 500mL round-bottomed flask by the Chinese prickly ash cooking wine of 100mL, measuring concentration is 1mgmL -1sodium chloride solution 150mL pour in flask, shake up, carry out atmospheric steam distillation 3h, read its volume (being accurate to 0.1mL).
Cooking wine light transmittance: use spectrophotometric determination sample light transmittance at a wavelength of 800 nm (with the yellow rice wine before allocating for blank), each sample carries out three parallel determinations, and light transmittance gets the mean value of parallel determination.Light transmittance is higher, and clarity is better.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment comprises the following steps:
With natural Japan pepper essential oil for raw material, get Tween 80 (Tween80) 20g, edible alcohol 10g, mixes and makes blended emulsifier, add Japan pepper essential oil 5g, under temperature 30 DEG C, mixing speed 3000r/min condition, stir 15min mixing, then add water 65g, under temperature 30 DEG C, mixing speed 3000r/min condition, stir 20min obtain Japan pepper essential oil microemulsion, this microemulsion average grain diameter 77nm, clear, good stability; Store that storage rate after 12 months is 95.1%, light transmittance is 97.3%, compared with time initial with storage, there is no significant change.Adjustment yellow rice wine pH value is 3.8, and yellow rice wine wine degree is 12% (v/v); The addition of edible salt is 13g/L, and Japan pepper essential oil micro emulsion addition is 1 ‰ of yellow rice wine volume, fully stirs; Semi-finished product cooking wine obtains finished product cooking wine after filtering, sterilizing, filling, finished product process, and filtering is undertaken to each operation of finished product by the requirement in cooking wine conventional production process.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment comprises the following steps:
With natural Japan pepper essential oil for raw material, get Tween 80 (Tween80) 20g, edible alcohol 10g, mixes and makes blended emulsifier, add Japan pepper essential oil 7g, under temperature 30 DEG C, mixing speed 3000r/min condition, stir 20min mixing, then add water 70g, under temperature 30 DEG C, mixing speed 3000r/min condition, stir 20min obtain Japan pepper essential oil microemulsion, this microemulsion average grain diameter 83nm, clear, good stability; Store that storage rate after 12 months is 97.1%, light transmittance is 96.3%, compared with time initial with storage, there is no significant change.Adjustment yellow rice wine pH value is 3.6, and yellow rice wine wine degree is 11% (v/v); The addition of edible salt is 10g/L, and Japan pepper essential oil micro emulsion addition is 2 ‰ of yellow rice wine volume, fully stirs; Semi-finished product cooking wine obtains finished product cooking wine after filtering, sterilizing, filling, finished product process, and filtering is undertaken to each operation of finished product by the requirement in cooking wine conventional production process.
Embodiment 3
(1) detect the volatile oil content of the Chinese prickly ash cooking wine that embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 obtain, and compare with commercially available Chinese prickly ash cooking wine, result is as shown in table 1 below.
Chinese prickly ash cooking wine prepared by table 1 the present invention and commercially available Chinese prickly ash cooking wine volatile oil content contrast
Can find out, the Chinese prickly ash cooking wine volatile oil content using this technology to prepare is about 10 times of commercial like product, is a kind of Chinese prickly ash cooking wine of high volatile oil content.
The storage stability of Chinese prickly ash cooking wine prepared by embodiment 1 is detected, the results are shown in accompanying drawing 1 and accompanying drawing 2, can find out that cooking wine prepared by the present invention has good storage stability, storing the Japan pepper essential oil storage rate after 12 months is 97.25%, and cooking wine light transmittance is 97.18%.
As can be seen from the above results, Chinese prickly ash cooking wine volatile oil content prepared by this technique is high, and storage stability is good.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment comprises the following steps:
With natural Japan pepper essential oil for raw material, get Tween 80 (Tween80) 15g, edible alcohol 5g, mix and make blended emulsifier, add Japan pepper essential oil 12g, under temperature 30 DEG C, mixing speed 3000r/min condition, stir 20min mixing, add water 70g again, under temperature 30 DEG C, mixing speed 3000r/min condition, stir 20min obtain Japan pepper essential oil microemulsion.Adjustment yellow rice wine pH value is 3.8, and yellow rice wine wine degree is 12% (v/v); The addition of edible salt is 13g/L, and Japan pepper essential oil micro emulsion addition is 1 ‰ of yellow rice wine volume, fully stirs; Preparation cooking wine through filtering, sterilizing, filling, packaging after obtain finished product cooking wine.
Store the light transmittance after 12 months to embodiment 1 and the obtained Chinese prickly ash cooking wine of embodiment 4 to compare, result is as follows:
The ginger cooking wine that table 2 embodiment 1 is obtained and the ginger cooking wine storage stability that embodiment 4 obtains contrast
Compared with embodiment 1, in example 4, Japan pepper essential oil micro emulsion formula is changed.Found by the storage stability contrast of the cooking wine obtained two kinds of technology, the Chinese prickly ash cooking wine that the Chinese prickly ash cooking wine stability that embodiment 1 obtains obtains apparently higher than embodiment 4.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment comprises the following steps:
With natural Japan pepper essential oil for raw material, get Tween 80 (Tween80) 20g, edible alcohol 10g, mixes and makes blended emulsifier, add Japan pepper essential oil 5g, under temperature 30 DEG C, mixing speed 3000r/min condition, stir 15min mixing, then add water 65g, under temperature 30 DEG C, mixing speed 3000r/min condition, stir 20min obtain Japan pepper essential oil microemulsion, this microemulsion average grain diameter 77nm, clear, good stability; Store that storage rate after 12 months is 95.1%, light transmittance is 97.3%, compared with time initial with storage, there is no significant change.Adjustment yellow rice wine pH value is 3.8, and yellow rice wine wine degree is 12% (v/v); The addition of edible salt is 13g/L, and Japan pepper essential oil micro emulsion addition is 4 ‰ of yellow rice wine volume, fully stirs; Semi-finished product cooking wine obtains finished product cooking wine after filtering, sterilizing, filling, finished product process, and filtering is undertaken to each operation of finished product by the requirement in cooking wine conventional production process.
Store the light transmittance after 12 months to embodiment 1 and the obtained Chinese prickly ash cooking wine of embodiment 5 to compare, result is as follows:
The Chinese prickly ash cooking wine that table 3 embodiment 1 is obtained and the Chinese prickly ash cooking wine storage stability that embodiment 5 obtains contrast
Compared with embodiment 1, in embodiment 5, add Japan pepper essential oil micro emulsion addition to 4 ‰.Found by the storage stability contrast of the cooking wine obtained two embodiments, the Chinese prickly ash cooking wine that the Chinese prickly ash cooking wine stability that embodiment 1 obtains obtains apparently higher than embodiment 5.
Although the present invention with preferred embodiment openly as above; but it is also not used to limit the present invention, any person skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; all can do various changes and modification, what therefore protection scope of the present invention should define with claims is as the criterion.

Claims (5)

1. prepare a method for Chinese prickly ash cooking wine, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1) preparation of Japan pepper essential oil microemulsion: according to formula by emulsifying agent and assistant for emulsifying agent mixing, Japan pepper essential oil is added in gained mixture, under uniform temperature, mixing speed condition, stir a period of time fully mixes, water is added again in the mixture obtained, under uniform temperature, mixing speed condition, stir a period of time fully mixes, obtained Japan pepper essential oil microemulsion;
2) cooking wine allotment: adjustment yellow rice wine pH value is 3.6-3.8, and yellow rice wine wine degree is 10%-13%, and the addition of edible salt is 10-15g/L, and the addition of Japan pepper essential oil microemulsion is 1 ‰-3 ‰ of yellow rice wine volume, fully stirs;
3) step 2) gained semi-finished product cooking wine by cooking wine conventional production process produce obtain finished product Chinese prickly ash cooking wine;
The formula of described Japan pepper essential oil microemulsion is: the natural Japan pepper essential oil of 5-10 mass parts, the emulsifying agent of 20-30 mass parts, the assistant for emulsifying agent of 10-15 mass parts, the water of 50-70 mass parts;
Described emulsifying agent is Tween 80, and described assistant for emulsifying agent is edible alcohol.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, said method comprising the steps of:
1) preparation of Japan pepper essential oil microemulsion: according to formula by emulsifying agent and assistant for emulsifying agent mixing, Japan pepper essential oil is added in gained mixture, at 25-40 DEG C, with the speed of 1500-3000r/min, stir 10-20min, then add water in the mixture obtained, at 25-40 DEG C, with the speed of 1500-3000r/min, stir 10-20min, obtained Japan pepper essential oil microemulsion;
2) cooking wine allotment: adjustment yellow rice wine pH value is 3.6-3.8, and yellow rice wine wine degree is 10%-13%, and the addition of edible salt is 10-15g/L, and the addition of Japan pepper essential oil microemulsion is 1 ‰-3 ‰ of yellow rice wine volume, fully stirs;
3) semi-finished product cooking wine obtains finished product cooking wine after filtering, sterilizing, filling, finished product process, and filtering is undertaken to each operation of finished product by the requirement in cooking wine conventional production process.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the formula of described Japan pepper essential oil microemulsion is: the natural Japan pepper essential oil of 5 mass parts, the emulsifying agent of 20 mass parts, the assistant for emulsifying agent of 10 mass parts, the water of 65 mass parts; Emulsifying agent is Tween 80, and assistant for emulsifying agent is edible alcohol.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the formula of described Japan pepper essential oil microemulsion is: the natural Japan pepper essential oil of 7 mass parts, the emulsifying agent of 20 mass parts, the assistant for emulsifying agent of 10 mass parts, the water of 70 mass parts; Emulsifying agent is Tween 80, and assistant for emulsifying agent is edible alcohol.
5. according to the Chinese prickly ash cooking wine that the arbitrary described method of claim 1-4 prepares.
CN201510562381.7A 2015-09-07 2015-09-07 A kind of Chinese prickly ash cooking wine and preparation method thereof Active CN105249390B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201510562381.7A CN105249390B (en) 2015-09-07 2015-09-07 A kind of Chinese prickly ash cooking wine and preparation method thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201510562381.7A CN105249390B (en) 2015-09-07 2015-09-07 A kind of Chinese prickly ash cooking wine and preparation method thereof

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN105249390A true CN105249390A (en) 2016-01-20
CN105249390B CN105249390B (en) 2018-10-16

Family

ID=55089586

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201510562381.7A Active CN105249390B (en) 2015-09-07 2015-09-07 A kind of Chinese prickly ash cooking wine and preparation method thereof

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN105249390B (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108056450A (en) * 2018-02-07 2018-05-22 江阴市品酿酒有限公司 A kind of cooking wine
CN109497497A (en) * 2018-12-20 2019-03-22 四川大学 A kind of Chinese prickly ash flavor soy sauce and preparation method thereof
CN109699989A (en) * 2018-12-20 2019-05-03 四川大学 A kind of oil-in-water type Japan pepper essential oil micro emulsion and preparation method thereof
CN110150605A (en) * 2019-07-04 2019-08-23 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 One production method for cultivating peanut Preserved-fish capsicum
CN110876311A (en) * 2019-12-05 2020-03-13 薛金宝 Application of ethylene silicon in pepper harvest period and use method thereof

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102754805A (en) * 2012-07-24 2012-10-31 朱建辉 Production process of house special cooking wine
CN102894322A (en) * 2012-09-13 2013-01-30 五寨县金达实业有限责任公司 Rosemary cooking wine
WO2013032321A1 (en) * 2011-08-26 2013-03-07 Progression-Industry B.V. Use of a perfume composition as a fuel for internal combustion engines
CN103652772A (en) * 2013-12-10 2014-03-26 杜国霞 Cooking wine
CN104222952A (en) * 2014-10-12 2014-12-24 青岛灯塔味业有限公司 Seasoning wine and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013032321A1 (en) * 2011-08-26 2013-03-07 Progression-Industry B.V. Use of a perfume composition as a fuel for internal combustion engines
CN102754805A (en) * 2012-07-24 2012-10-31 朱建辉 Production process of house special cooking wine
CN102894322A (en) * 2012-09-13 2013-01-30 五寨县金达实业有限责任公司 Rosemary cooking wine
CN103652772A (en) * 2013-12-10 2014-03-26 杜国霞 Cooking wine
CN104222952A (en) * 2014-10-12 2014-12-24 青岛灯塔味业有限公司 Seasoning wine and preparation method thereof

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
宋欢 等: "超临界花椒油微乳的配制及其稳定性研究", 《香料香精化妆品》 *
杨万祥 编著: "《家庭自制美味辣酱》", 31 March 2009, 金盾出版社 *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108056450A (en) * 2018-02-07 2018-05-22 江阴市品酿酒有限公司 A kind of cooking wine
CN109497497A (en) * 2018-12-20 2019-03-22 四川大学 A kind of Chinese prickly ash flavor soy sauce and preparation method thereof
CN109699989A (en) * 2018-12-20 2019-05-03 四川大学 A kind of oil-in-water type Japan pepper essential oil micro emulsion and preparation method thereof
CN110150605A (en) * 2019-07-04 2019-08-23 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 One production method for cultivating peanut Preserved-fish capsicum
CN110876311A (en) * 2019-12-05 2020-03-13 薛金宝 Application of ethylene silicon in pepper harvest period and use method thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN105249390B (en) 2018-10-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN105249390A (en) Chinese prickly ash cooking wine and preparation method therefor
CN103190587B (en) Sausage seasoning with zanthoxylum schinifolium flavor and making method of seasoning
KR101195818B1 (en) A novel Manufacturing method of abalone-oyster sauce and the product thereof
CN110129152A (en) A kind of beer with Chinese prickly ash flavor
CN105053951A (en) Chicken meat essence
CN102362664A (en) Preparation method of roast pork taste essence
CN103284175B (en) A method for preparing steamed beef without soup
CN105053938B (en) A kind of preparation method for seasoning flavouring cooking wine
CN105995917A (en) Pickled chili sauce and making method thereof
CN107836693A (en) A kind of Chinese prickly ash sauce and preparation method thereof
CN111329103B (en) Electronic cigarette spice composition with Tie Guanyin tea aroma characteristics, electronic cigarette liquid and application of electronic cigarette spice composition and electronic cigarette liquid
CN108013423A (en) A kind of meat products pickling material and preparation method thereof
CN107343645A (en) A kind of chicken flavor edible salt condiment and preparation method thereof
CN110179090A (en) A kind of gold soup sauerkraut flavoring and preparation method thereof
CN108865436A (en) A kind of cucumber essence and its preparation method and application
CN104222924A (en) Fragrance-mixing preserved szechuan pickle and preparation method thereof
JP2014155466A (en) Seasoning liquid
CN107080221A (en) A kind of bubble green pepper facet condiment and preparation method thereof
CN113273682A (en) Emulsifying method of spice oleoresin
JP2010187546A (en) Liquid seasoning
CN108967997A (en) A kind of bergamot pear essence and its preparation method and application
CN101366537B (en) Distillate spirits prepared blue crab and its processing method
JP2020150825A (en) Production method of amazake using sake lees, and amazake containing sake lees
CN108936400A (en) A kind of five aromatic glutinous rice egg production methods
CN103932158B (en) Chicken-bone calcium-supplement ketchup and preparation method thereof

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant