CN105244636B - A kind of conversion coefficient computational methods of spacecraft module internal electric field measurement antenna - Google Patents
A kind of conversion coefficient computational methods of spacecraft module internal electric field measurement antenna Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of conversion coefficient computational methods of spacecraft module internal electric field measurement antenna,Receiving-transmitting chain model is established using the method for software emulation,And establish electric-field probe on measurement antenna envelope,Simulate the receiving-transmitting chain model under the conditions of different distance between electromagnetic horn model port face and measurement antenna model mouth face,Obtain electric-field probe numerical value and measurement antenna port voltage value,And the numerical value of acquisition is fitted,Obtain electric-field probe numerical value and measure the relation curve between antenna port voltage value,The final conversion coefficient for obtaining measurement antenna,This method realizes the acquisition of the conversion coefficient of spacecraft module internal electric field measurement antenna by the method for computer simulation,Compared with the conventional method,It enormously simplify solution procedure,Shorten and solve the time,Solution cost is saved,The demand that the conversion coefficient of spacecraft module internal electric field measurement antenna calculates is met to the full extent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of antenna conversion coefficient computational methods, particularly a kind of spacecraft module internal electric field measurement antenna
Conversion coefficient computational methods, belong to Electromagnetic Field and Microwave Technology field.
Background technology
The electromagnetic environment adaptability of spacecraft, which is its reliability design, and electromagnetic Compatibility Design must take into consideration important asks
Topic, with raising of the spacecraft in function and performance, the increase of product integrated level, dual-mode antenna is close in limited space
Collection, makes the electromagnetic environment inside spacecraft cabin increasingly sophisticated.In order to obtain the Electric Field Distribution and magnitude situation inside nacelle, lead to
Often arrange that commercial electric field probe measures inside nacelle, but certain limitation be present in existing commercial electric field probe, one
It is that its sensitivity is relatively low, minimum response amplitude is about 5V/m, can not measure smaller signal, second, its output is all surveys
The synthesis electric-field intensity of frequency range is measured, the Electric Field Distribution and size at wherein any frequency can not be known, it is therefore desirable to is utilized small-sized
Antenna is measured to complete the measurement of spacecraft module internal electric field, needs a kind of quick, Efficient Solution spacecraft module internal electric field measurement day badly
The method of the conversion coefficient of line.
It is existing that the conversion coefficient that spacecraft module internal electric field measures antenna is mainly solved by the method for experiment, utilize the party
Method can ensure the precision that conversion coefficient solves, but this method needs the place of specialty and equipment to realize that experiment once needs to consume
When 1~2 day, and spend in tens of thousands of members, the conversion coefficient of quick effective acquisition spacecraft module internal electric field measurement antenna can not be met
Daily demand.
The content of the invention
The technology of the present invention solves problem：Overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of spacecraft module internal electric field is surveyed
The conversion coefficient computational methods of antenna are measured, receiving-transmitting chain model is established using the method for software emulation, and in measurement antenna envelope
On establish electric-field probe, simulate electromagnetic horn model port face and measure the transmitting-receiving between antenna model mouth face under the conditions of different distance
Link model, electric-field probe numerical value and measurement antenna port voltage value are obtained, and the numerical value of acquisition is fitted, obtain electricity
Relation curve between field probe numerical value and measurement antenna port voltage value, the final conversion coefficient for obtaining measurement antenna, should
Method realizes the acquisition of the conversion coefficient of spacecraft module internal electric field measurement antenna by the method for computer simulation, with existing side
Method is compared, and enormously simplify solution procedure, is shortened and is solved the time, has saved solution cost, met space flight to the full extent
The demand that the conversion coefficient of device cabin internal electric field measurement antenna calculates.
The present invention technical solution be：A kind of conversion coefficient computational methods of spacecraft module internal electric field measurement antenna,
Comprise the following steps：
(1) the frequency range f of basis conversion coefficient to be asked, the model of electromagnetic horn, institute are established in electromagnetic simulation software
The working frequency range for stating electromagnetic horn covers the frequency range f of conversion coefficient to be asked；
(2) according to the parameters of structural dimension and electricity function index of previously given measurement antenna, in electromagnetic simulation software
The middle model for establishing measurement antenna, the electricity function index include voltage standing wave ratio and the gain of antenna, the measurement antenna
Parameters of structural dimension include medium substrate size, radiation patch size, feed probes position and material property；
(3) in electromagnetic simulation software, using the measurement antenna model established in step (2), simulation calculation goes out to measure day
The voltage standing wave ratio of line and gain, and compared with aerial voltage standing-wave ratio previously given in step (2) and gain, if reaching finger
Mark requires, then into step (4)；Otherwise, emulation meter is carried out again after being adjusted to the parameters of structural dimension for measuring antenna model
Calculate and compare, enter step (4) after the requirement that touches the mark；
(4) using the electromagnetic horn model in step (1) as transmitting antenna, the measurement antenna model conduct in step (3)
Reception antenna, establishes receiving-transmitting chain model, and the distance between the electromagnetic horn model port face and reception antenna model port face are
L；
(5) N number of electric-field probe is established on the measurement antenna model structure envelope established in step (3)；
(6) L=L1 is set；
(7) it is waveguide port to set the feed port of electromagnetic horn and measurement antenna, and electromagnetic horn port fed power is
Pin, solution frequency is f, simulation calculation receiving-transmitting chain model；
(8) after the completion of the calculating of receiving-transmitting chain model emulation, electromagnetic horn is obtained from result of calculation to measurement antenna end
The transmission coefficient of mouth, and carry out Round mathematics and ask whole, it is designated as S21, then antenna port receiving power P is measuredoutBy formula：
Pout=Pin+S21
Provide；
(9) numerical value of N number of electric-field probe of measurement antenna structure envelope is obtained from result of calculation, is removed in N number of value
Maximum and minimum value, remaining N-2 electric field value is taken the mean, and carry out Round mathematics and ask whole, be designated as Eav；
(10) P that will be obtained in step (8)outValue is set to X-axis, the electric field average value E obtained in step (9)avIt is set to Y-axis,
This point is described in rectangular coordinate system；
(11) L=L2 is set, repeats (7)~(10) step；
(12) L=L3 is set, repeats (7)~(10) step；
(13) describe (10)~(12) step in rectangular coordinate system 3 points carry out curve fitting according to least square method,
Gained straight line is to measure relation curve between antenna measurement electric-field intensity and port receiving power at required frequency f；
(14) arbitrarily taken a bit (x, y) on the relation curve that step (13) obtains, the conversion system of antenna is measured at frequency f
Number TF passes through formula：
TF (dB/m)=y (dBuV/m) -107 (dB)-x (dBm)
Provide.
The requirement that touched the mark in the step (3) is specially：The voltage standing wave ratio for the measurement antenna that simulation calculation goes out with it is pre-
The ratio between the absolute value of difference and previously given aerial voltage standing-wave ratio are less than default between the aerial voltage standing-wave ratio first given
Voltage standing wave ratio threshold value；And the gain of measurement antenna that goes out of simulation calculation and difference between previously given antenna gain is exhausted
Default gain threshold is less than to the ratio between value and the previously given absolute value of antenna gain；The voltage standing wave ratio threshold value and increasing
The span of beneficial threshold value is：1%~5%.
The mouth face of the mouth face face measurement antenna model of the electromagnetic horn model, and the polarization mode phase of two antenna models
Together.
N number of electric-field probe is established on the measurement antenna model structure envelope established in step (3), is specially：
If measurement antenna is omnidirectional antenna, the structure corresponding with antiradiation direction of structure envelope corresponding to positive radiation direction
Envelope is symmetrical, the electric-field probe quantity phase on the structure envelope corresponding with antiradiation direction of structure envelope corresponding to positive radiation direction
Together, and position corresponds；
If measurement antenna is directional aerial, electric field spy is established on the structure envelope of measurement aerial radiation direction face
Survey.
The N is more than or equal to 10.
The measurement antenna model structure envelope is h with the distance for measuring antenna surface, specifically by formula：
Provide, wherein c is the light velocity in vacuum, and f is the frequency of conversion coefficient to be asked.
The electric-field probe is uniformly distributed on measurement antenna model structure envelope.
The L1>L2>L3>0.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
The present invention is simulated based on single computer to receiving-transmitting chain, is realized spacecraft module internal electric field measurement antenna and is turned
The calculating of coefficient is changed, compared with existing experimental method, enormously simplify solution procedure, shortens and solves the time, saved and asked
Solve cost.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is measurement antenna structure view；
Fig. 3 is receiving-transmitting chain model schematic；
Fig. 4 sets schematic diagram for embodiment electric-field probe in the present invention；
Fig. 5 is simulation result schematic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The drawbacks of based on existing commercial probe, the cabin internal electric field measuring system of a set of miniaturization is employed, system front end is
The one rectangle printing equipment such as paster antenna, the frequency spectrograph by connecting rear end can intuitively measure the electricity in cabin at any frequency
Field distribution and relative magnitude situation.The output of this system is received power value P of the electric field through measurement antenna at antenna port, only
The relative situation of change of power at diverse location can be measured, because electric field E needs to calculate by formula E=TF+P, does not measure day
The conversion coefficient TF of line, the specific electric-field intensity size of measurement antenna present position are still unknown.In order to further obtain specific frequency
Point, the specific electric-field intensity size of particular locations are, it is necessary to obtain the conversion coefficient of measurement antenna, it is described residing sky
Between electric field be converted to the ability of antenna port power, tradition too small and only a set of yet with the measurement antenna size of development
The antenna conversion coefficient computational methods based on experiment, such as two antenna methods and three-antenna method can not be applicable, therefore combine electricity in cabin
Field distribution feature and digitalized artificial designing technique, propose a kind of side for the conversion coefficient for calculating cabin internal electric field measurement antenna
Method.
This method is measuring antenna week by building using electromagnetic horn and measuring receiving-transmitting chain model of the antenna as unit
Enclose and establish electric-field probe envelope, calculate the isolation information obtained between receiving-transmitting chain and be finally inversed by measurement antenna port magnitude of voltage, and
With reference to the average value of envelope electric field, the transform coefficient values for measuring antenna are calculated with linear programming method.
It is as shown in Figure 1 flow chart of the method for the present invention, from fig. 1, it can be seen that a kind of spacecraft module internal electric field is surveyed in the present invention
Measure the conversion coefficient computational methods of antenna, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) the frequency range f of basis conversion coefficient to be asked, the model of electromagnetic horn, institute are established in electromagnetic simulation software
The working frequency range for stating electromagnetic horn covers the frequency range f of conversion coefficient to be asked；The electromagnetic simulation software can use HFSS,
CST or FEKO.
(2) according to the parameters of structural dimension and electricity function index of previously given measurement antenna, in electromagnetic simulation software
The middle model for establishing measurement antenna, the electricity function index include voltage standing wave ratio and the gain of antenna, the measurement antenna
Parameters of structural dimension include, medium substrate size, radiation patch size, feed probes position and material property；Measure antenna
Schematic diagram is shown in Fig. 2；
(3) in electromagnetic simulation software, using the measurement antenna model established in step (2), simulation calculation goes out to measure day
The voltage standing wave ratio of line and gain, and compared with aerial voltage standing-wave ratio previously given in step (2) and gain, if reaching finger
Mark requires, then into step (4)；Otherwise, emulation meter is carried out again after being adjusted to the parameters of structural dimension for measuring antenna model
Calculate and compare, enter step (4) after the requirement that touches the mark；The requirement that touches the mark is specially：The survey that simulation calculation goes out
Measure the absolute value of difference and previously given antenna between the voltage standing wave ratio of antenna and previously given aerial voltage standing-wave ratio
The ratio between voltage standing wave ratio is less than default voltage standing wave ratio threshold value；And simulation calculation go out measurement antenna gain with it is previously given
Antenna gain between the ratio between absolute value and the previously given absolute value of antenna gain of difference be less than default gain threshold；
The voltage standing wave ratio threshold value and the span of gain threshold are：1%~5%.It can be ensured not by the selection of threshold value
With the acquisition of computational accuracy conversion coefficient.
(4) using the electromagnetic horn model in step (1) as transmitting antenna, the measurement antenna model conduct in step (3)
Reception antenna, receiving-transmitting chain model is established, it is specific as shown in figure 3, the electromagnetic horn model port face and reception antenna model port
The distance between face is L；Preferably receiving-transmitting chain model is：The mouth of the mouth face face measurement antenna model of electromagnetic horn model
Face, and the polarization mode of two antenna models is identical.When model as use, the computational accuracy highest of conversion coefficient.
(5) N number of electric-field probe is established on the measurement antenna model structure envelope established in step (3)；Specially：
The electric-field probe is uniformly distributed on measurement antenna model structure envelope.If measurement antenna is omnidirectional antenna,
The structure envelope corresponding with antiradiation direction of structure envelope corresponding to positive radiation direction is symmetrical, structure bag corresponding to positive radiation direction
Network is identical with the electric-field probe quantity corresponding to antiradiation direction on structure envelope, and position corresponds；
If measurement antenna is directional aerial, electric field spy is established on the structure envelope of measurement aerial radiation direction face
Survey.The selection of probe needs to take into account comprehensive and validity, it is therefore desirable to is uniformly distributed as far as possible in radiation direction.
The N is more than or equal to 10.
The measurement antenna model structure envelope is h with the distance for measuring antenna surface, specifically by formula：
Provide, wherein c is the light velocity in vacuum, and f is the frequency of conversion coefficient to be asked.Using the distance, measurement day ensure that
The electric field of line measurement is envelope electric field.
(6) L=L1 is set；
(7) it is waveguide port to set the feed port of electromagnetic horn and measurement antenna, and electromagnetic horn port fed power is
Pin, solution frequency is f, simulation calculation receiving-transmitting chain model；
(8) after the completion of the calculating of receiving-transmitting chain model emulation, electromagnetic horn is obtained from result of calculation to measurement antenna end
The transmission coefficient of mouth, and carry out Round mathematics and ask whole, it is designated as S21, then antenna port receiving power P is measuredoutBy formula：
Pout=Pin+S21
Provide；
(9) numerical value of N number of electric-field probe of measurement antenna structure envelope is obtained from result of calculation, is removed in N number of value
Maximum and minimum value, remaining N-2 electric field value is taken the mean, and carry out Round mathematics and ask whole, be designated as Eav；
(10) P that will be obtained in step (8)outValue is set to X-axis, the electric field average value E obtained in step (9)avIt is set to Y-axis,
This point is described in rectangular coordinate system；
(11) L=L2 is set, repeats (7)~(10) step；
(12) L=L3 is set, repeats (7)~(10) step；In actual solution procedure, typically there is L1>L2>L3>0；
(13) describe (10)~(12) step in rectangular coordinate system 3 points carry out curve fitting according to least square method,
Gained straight line is to measure relation curve between antenna measurement electric-field intensity and port receiving power at required frequency f；
(14) arbitrarily taken a bit (x, y) on the relation curve that step (13) obtains, the conversion system of antenna is measured at frequency f
Number TF passes through formula：
TF (dB/m)=y (dBuV/m) -107 (dB)-x (dBm)
Provide.
Specific embodiment
The present invention verifies by taking an omnidirectional antenna as an example to the method in the present invention, in measurement antenna model structure bag
Network front sets 9 electric-field probes, and 9 probes are located at same capture plane, projection point of 9 probes in measurement antenna face
The center at the center of antenna face, 4 drift angles and 4 sides Wei Yu not measured；Pressed at the back side of measurement antenna model structure envelope
The same manner sets 9 electric-field probes, specific as shown in Figure 4.
L1=1m, L2=0.5m, L3=0.25m are set, and simulation result is as shown in figure 5, as can be seen from Figure 5, utilize the present invention
In method calculate conversion coefficient TF, and then the electric field that is calculated of the cabin internal electric field being calculated and theory T F very close to, with
Error between the electric field value that commercialization probe measures is less than 6dB, meets spacecraft module internal electric field environment measurement demand.
In the case where allocation of computer is 8 core 2.5GHZ CPU, 8GHz memory conditions, calculating once turns embodiment in the present invention
Change coefficient and take 2h, compared with experimental method, greatly save and calculate the time.
, can be accurate by existing cabin internal electric field measuring system in the Project R＆D stage by the utilization of the inventive method
Really measure and calculate the distribution situation and magnitude of electric field at any frequency in cabin, electromagnetic environment data in Overall Acquisition cabin,
Design and develop for below deck equipment and characteristic evidences are provided.
The content not being described in detail in description of the invention belongs to the known technology of professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of conversion coefficient computational methods of spacecraft module internal electric field measurement antenna, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) the frequency range f of basis conversion coefficient to be asked, the model of electromagnetic horn, the loudspeaker are established in electromagnetic simulation software
The working frequency range of antenna covers the frequency range f of conversion coefficient to be asked；
(2) according to the parameters of structural dimension and electricity function index of previously given measurement antenna, built in electromagnetic simulation software
The model of vertical measurement antenna, the electricity function index include voltage standing wave ratio and the gain of antenna, the knot of the measurement antenna
Structure dimensional parameters include medium substrate size, radiation patch size, feed probes position and material property；
(3) in electromagnetic simulation software, using the measurement antenna model established in step (2), simulation calculation goes out to measure antenna
Voltage standing wave ratio and gain, and compared with aerial voltage standing-wave ratio previously given in step (2) and gain, will if touching the mark
Ask, then into step (4)；Otherwise, to measure antenna model parameters of structural dimension be adjusted after carry out again simulation calculation and
Compare, enter step (4) after the requirement that touches the mark；
(4) using the electromagnetic horn model in step (1) as transmitting antenna, the measurement antenna model in step (3) is as reception
Antenna, establishes receiving-transmitting chain model, and the distance between the electromagnetic horn model port face and reception antenna model port face are L；
(5) N number of electric-field probe is established on the measurement antenna model structure envelope established in step (3)；
(6) L=L1 is set；
(7) it is waveguide port to set the feed port of electromagnetic horn and measurement antenna, and electromagnetic horn port fed power is Pin, ask
Solution frequency is f, simulation calculation receiving-transmitting chain model；
(8) after the completion of the calculating of receiving-transmitting chain model emulation, electromagnetic horn is obtained from result of calculation to measurement antenna port
Transmission coefficient, and carry out Round mathematics and ask whole, it is designated as S21, then antenna port receiving power P is measuredoutBy formula：
Pout=Pin+S21
Provide；
(9) numerical value of N number of electric-field probe of measurement antenna structure envelope is obtained from result of calculation, removes the maximum in N number of value
Value and minimum value, remaining N-2 electric field value is taken the mean, and is carried out Round mathematics and asked whole, is designated as Eav；
(10) P that will be obtained in step (8)outValue is set to X-axis, the electric field average value E obtained in step (9)avY-axis is set to, straight
This point is described in angular coordinate system；
(11) L=L2 is set, repeats (7)~(10) step；
(12) L=L3 is set, repeats (7)~(10) step；
(13) describe (10)~(12) step in rectangular coordinate system 3 points carry out curve fitting according to least square method, gained
Straight line is to measure relation curve between antenna measurement electric-field intensity and port receiving power at required frequency f；
(14) arbitrarily taken a bit (x, y) on the relation curve that step (13) obtains, the conversion coefficient TF of antenna is measured at frequency f
Pass through formula：
TF (dB/m)=y (dBuV/m) -107 (dB)-x (dBm)
Provide；
The N is more than or equal to 10.
2. a kind of conversion coefficient computational methods of spacecraft module internal electric field measurement antenna according to claim 1, its feature
It is：The requirement that touched the mark in the step (3) is specially：Simulation calculation go out measurement antenna voltage standing wave ratio with advance to
The ratio between the absolute value of difference and previously given aerial voltage standing-wave ratio are less than default electricity between fixed aerial voltage standing-wave ratio
Press standing-wave ratio threshold value；And the gain of measurement antenna that goes out of simulation calculation and the absolute value of difference between previously given antenna gain
It is less than default gain threshold with the ratio between the previously given absolute value of antenna gain；The voltage standing wave ratio threshold value and gain threshold
The span of value is：1%~5%.
3. a kind of conversion coefficient computational methods of spacecraft module internal electric field measurement antenna according to claim 1, its feature
It is：The mouth face of the mouth face face measurement antenna model of the electromagnetic horn model, and the polarization mode of two antenna models is identical.
4. a kind of conversion coefficient computational methods of spacecraft module internal electric field measurement antenna according to claim 1, its feature
It is：N number of electric-field probe is established on the measurement antenna model structure envelope established in step (3), is specially：
If measurement antenna is omnidirectional antenna, the structure envelope corresponding with antiradiation direction of structure envelope corresponding to positive radiation direction
Symmetrically, structure envelope corresponding to positive radiation direction is identical with the electric-field probe quantity corresponding to antiradiation direction on structure envelope,
And position corresponds；
If measurement antenna is directional aerial, electric field detecting is established on the structure envelope of measurement aerial radiation direction face.
5. a kind of conversion coefficient computational methods of spacecraft module internal electric field measurement antenna according to claim 1 or 4, it is special
Sign is：The measurement antenna model structure envelope is h with the distance for measuring antenna surface, specifically by formula：
<mrow>
<mi>h</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mi>c</mi>
<mrow>
<mn>10</mn>
<mi>f</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
Provide, wherein c is the light velocity in vacuum, and f is the frequency of conversion coefficient to be asked.
6. a kind of conversion coefficient computational methods of spacecraft module internal electric field measurement antenna according to claim 4, its feature
It is：The electric-field probe is uniformly distributed on measurement antenna model structure envelope.
7. a kind of conversion coefficient computational methods of spacecraft module internal electric field measurement antenna according to claim 1, its feature
It is：The L1>L2>L3>0.
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| CN101349722A (en) * | 2008-09-01 | 2009-01-21 | 中国舰船研究设计中心 | Electromagnetic environment test method based on simulated data |
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| US4328461A (en) * | 1979-07-02 | 1982-05-04 | Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation | Apparatus for and method of measuring a high voltage electric field |
| CN101349722A (en) * | 2008-09-01 | 2009-01-21 | 中国舰船研究设计中心 | Electromagnetic environment test method based on simulated data |
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