CN105244385A - 光伏电池片及光伏组件 - Google Patents

光伏电池片及光伏组件 Download PDF

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CN105244385A
CN105244385A CN201510741772.5A CN201510741772A CN105244385A CN 105244385 A CN105244385 A CN 105244385A CN 201510741772 A CN201510741772 A CN 201510741772A CN 105244385 A CN105244385 A CN 105244385A
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back electrode
surface field
back surface
aluminium
electrode
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CN105244385B (zh
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刘宝信
杨亮亮
吴艳芬
杨连丽
沈坚
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CSI Cells Co Ltd
Canadian Solar Inc
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Canadian Solar Manufacturing Changshu Inc
Canadian Solar China Investment Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/05Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
    • H01L31/0504Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module
    • H01L31/0516Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module specially adapted for interconnection of back-contact solar cells
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
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    • H01L31/0224Electrodes
    • H01L31/022408Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
    • H01L31/022425Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
    • H01L31/022441Electrode arrangements specially adapted for back-contact solar cells
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/05Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
    • H01L31/0504Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module
    • H01L31/0508Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module the interconnection means having a particular shape
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy

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Abstract

本发明提供了一种光伏电池片,其包括硅片、位于硅片背面的背电极以及覆盖于所述背电极四周的铝背场,所述铝背场的厚度大于所述背电极的厚度,而且所述铝背场设有与所述背电极衔接的衔接部,所述衔接部设有倾斜延伸至所述背电极表面的衔接面。与现有技术相比,本发明通过改良光伏电池片背面的铝背场和背电极衔接处的结构,使得铝背场和背电极能够平滑过渡,降低了虚焊的产生,减小了两者的高度差所带来的焊接不利的影响,可提高背电极与焊带的焊接效果,同时减少了背银的用量,降低了生产成本。

Description

光伏电池片及光伏组件
技术领域
本发明涉及光伏制造技术领域,尤其涉及一种光伏电池片及光伏组件。
背景技术
随着光伏组件生产成本的下降,人们也开始从各种材料上来考虑,希望能进一步提升光伏产品的使用寿命,并进一步降低成本。作为光伏组件中最为重要的核心部件,光伏电池片的品质直接影响整个光伏组件的发电效率,因此光伏电池片的制造工艺就显得尤为重要,由于一个完整的光伏电池片需要由硅片、电极(包括正电极和背电极)以及铝背场共同构成,而在硅片上形成电极和铝背场是需要经过严格的制造工艺。如图1所示,在目前的制造工艺中,硅片背面的背电极A和铝背场B通常采用印刷的方式成型,但在印刷后往往出现铝背场B高于背电极A的情况,使得背电极A与其周围覆盖的铝背场B之间存在一个明显的高度差,这个高度差在制造过程中将带来极为不利的影响,例如,将增加焊带C与背电极A的焊接难度,焊带C与背电极A之间容易因接触面减小而发生接触不良的问题,从而影响焊接效果。
发明内容
本发明所解决的技术问题在于提供一种光伏电池片及光伏组件,其可改善与焊带的焊接效果,同时也能起到降低背电极的银用量以及焊带的镀锡用量。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用一种光伏电池片,其包括硅片、位于硅片背面的背电极以及覆盖于所述背电极四周的铝背场,所述铝背场的厚度大于所述背电极的厚度,而且所述铝背场设有与所述背电极衔接的衔接部,所述衔接部设有倾斜延伸至所述背电极表面的衔接面。
作为本技术方案的进一步改进,所述背电极呈长条形并设有两个厚度逐渐变薄的端部,所述端部具有延伸并埋入所述铝背场内的倾斜面。
作为本技术方案的进一步改进,所述衔接部朝向所述背电极的端部延伸并逐渐变薄。
作为本技术方案的进一步改进,所述背电极的端部的长度为1-5mm。
本发明还提供一种光伏组件,其包括盖板、背板、封装于盖板和背板之间的若干光伏电池片以及连接相邻两个光伏电池片的焊带,所述光伏电池片包括硅片、位于硅片背面的背电极以及覆盖于所述背电极四周的铝背场,所述铝背场的厚度大于所述背电极的厚度,而且所述铝背场设有与所述背电极衔接的衔接部,所述衔接部设有倾斜延伸至所述背电极表面的衔接面。
与现有技术相比,本发明通过改良光伏电池片背面的铝背场和背电极衔接处的结构,使得铝背场和背电极能够平滑过渡,降低了两者的高度差所带来的焊接不利的影响,可提高背电极与焊带的焊接效果。
附图说明
图1为现有技术中光伏电池片背面的结构示意图。
图2为本发明所述的光伏电池片的背面结构示意图。
图3为本发明所述的背电极印刷版的平面示意图。
图4为本发明所述的背电极印刷版上电极印刷区的局部放大图。
图5为本发明所述的铝背场印刷版的平面示意图。
图6为本发明所述的铝背场印刷版上遮挡件的局部放大图。
图7为本发明所述的光伏组件的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明提供一种光伏电池片10及制造该光伏电池片10的印刷网版。其中,如图2所示,所述光伏电池片10包括硅片11、形成于硅片11背面的背电极12以及覆盖于所述背电极12四周的铝背场13,所述背电极12是通过印刷方式将银浆印刷至硅片11背面而形成的,所述铝背场13也是通过印刷方式将铝浆印刷至硅片11背面上而形成的,所述硅片11的背面除了背电极12处,其余地方均覆盖所述铝背场13,使得背电极12的四周完全被所述铝背场13包围。
所述背电极12呈长条形并设有两个端部14,所述端部14被所述铝背场13所覆盖,在本发明一种实施例中,所述端部14具有延伸并埋入所述铝背场13内侧的倾斜面140,所述倾斜面140使得所述端部14呈逐渐变薄的形状,且所述背电极12的端部14的长度为1-5mm,且所述端部14的厚度逐渐递减。
所述铝背场13为形成在硅片11背面的铝浆层,其厚度略厚于所述背电极12,如图1所示,所述铝背场13设有逐渐变薄并与所述背电极12的两个端部14衔接的衔接部15,所述衔接部15设有向下倾斜的衔接面150,所述衔接面150向下倾斜延伸并逐渐过渡至所述背电极12的表面,如此一来,通过衔接部15的衔接使得铝背场13与背电极12之间得以平缓过渡,降低了两者的高度差所带来的不利影响。当然,在本发明其他实施例中,所述背电极12的两个端部14也可不设计成厚度逐渐变薄的结构而采用常规设计,此时只需在铝背场13上设置平滑过渡至背电极两端的衔接部15也可实现铝背场13和背电极12之间的平滑、连续的衔接,同样能够实现本发明的技术效果。
另外,本发明还提供一种光伏组件100,如图7所示,该光伏组件100包括盖板101、背板102、封装于盖板101和背板102之间的EVA胶膜103和若干前述光伏电池片10、以及连接相邻两个光伏电池片10的焊带104,在此不再赘述。
为了制造所述光伏电池片10,本发明采用结构优化的印刷网版,如图3至图6所示,所述印刷网版包括背电极印刷版21及铝背场印刷版22,所述背电极印刷版21用于在硅片11背面印刷成形所述背电极12,所述铝背场印刷版22用于在硅片11背面印刷成形所述铝背场13。
如图3及图4所示,所述背电极印刷版21呈矩形,其与硅片11形状吻合,且其表面设有若干电极印刷区210,所述电极印刷区210与所述背电极12的形状一致,呈长条形,且所述电极印刷区210包括镂空的长条形印刷槽211及位于印刷槽211两端的两个银浆阻隔部212,所述两个银浆阻隔部212与所述背电极12的两个端部14的位置对应,用于形成所述背电极12的端部14,所述银浆阻隔部212上开设有若干贯通所述背电极印刷版21的通孔213,在印刷背电极12时所述通孔213可供部分银浆流过,且所述若干通孔213朝远离印刷槽211的方向由密到疏排布,如此一来,在印刷背电极12时,银浆料分别通过电极印刷区210的印刷槽211以及银浆阻隔部212上的通孔213而形成至硅片11的背面,所述印刷槽211用于印刷出长条形背电极12的主体部分,而所述银浆阻隔部212则用于印刷出背电极12的两个端部14,而且由于银浆阻隔部212上通孔213的疏密分布设计,使得所述银浆阻隔部212在越是远离印刷槽211的位置处流过的银浆料越少,从而使得硅片11背面与之对应的位置上形成了厚度逐渐变薄的背电极12的端部14。
如图5及图6所示,所述铝背场印刷版22呈矩形,并与所述硅片11的形状吻合,所述铝背场印刷版22为丝网印刷版,其设有与背电极12的位置对应设置的长条形遮挡件220及位于遮挡件220四周的铝背场印刷网221,其中,所述遮挡件220与所述背电极12的形状一致,当铝背场印刷版22遮罩于硅片11背面后,所述遮挡件220可以用于遮挡住所述背电极12,防止在铝背场印刷过程中误将铝浆料刷到背电极12表面。在本发明较佳实施例中,所述长条形遮挡件220设有遮挡住背电极主体部分的遮挡部222以及位于遮挡部222两端的铝浆阻隔部223,所述铝浆阻隔部223上设有若干槽孔224,且所述槽孔224朝远离遮挡部222的方向由疏到密排布,如此一来,在印刷铝背场13时,部分铝浆料可透过所述铝浆阻隔部223上的槽孔224而形成在硅片11背面上,且由于槽孔224的疏密设计,使得铝浆料在越靠近所述遮挡部222的位置处流过的铝浆料越少,从而形成如前面所述的逐渐变薄且与所述背电极12的端部14衔接的衔接部15。
在本发明较佳实施例中,所述银浆阻隔部212上的通孔213和所述铝浆阻隔部223上的槽孔224,可以设计呈直径为0.2-1mm的圆形孔,也可以是方形孔、三角形孔或椭圆形孔。而且,所述通孔213和槽孔224的疏密分布,主要目的是在所述背电极12和所述铝背场13上形成斜面结构,使得两者的衔接能平滑过渡,因此,在设计疏密分布时,无论是孔的数量变化还是孔的尺寸变化,只要孔的分布面积达到疏密渐变的效果即可,例如:当大量通孔213由疏到密时,可采用尺寸相同的通孔213,但分布数量逐步增密的方式来形成,或者,可采用通孔213数量不发生渐变但通孔213的尺寸逐渐变小的方式来形成。
综上所述,本发明优化了印刷网版的结构,在印刷区域设置疏密不同的阻隔结构(即银浆阻隔部212和铝浆阻隔部223),从而实现对特定区域内铝浆或银浆的使用量控制,使背电极12与铝背场13之间产生合理的过渡结构(如衔接面150和倾斜面140),降低了两者的高度差所带来的影响,当焊带焊接至背电极12上时,使用的镀锡铜焊带可以更好地与所述背电极12接触,提高了焊接效果,减少了虚焊产生,从而提高了光伏组件产品的性能,同时也减少了背电极12的银浆用量,有利于降低生产成本。
以上所述,仅是本发明的最佳实施例而已,并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制,任何熟悉本领域的技术人员,在不脱离本发明技术方案范围情况下,利用上述揭示的方法内容对本发明技术方案做出许多可能的变动和修饰,均属于权利要求书保护的范围。

Claims (5)

1.一种光伏电池片,包括硅片、位于硅片背面的背电极以及覆盖于所述背电极四周的铝背场,其特征在于,所述铝背场的厚度大于所述背电极的厚度,而且所述铝背场设有与所述背电极衔接的衔接部,所述衔接部设有倾斜延伸至所述背电极表面的衔接面。
2.根据权利要求1所述的光伏电池片,其特征在于:所述背电极呈长条形并设有两个厚度逐渐变薄的端部,所述端部具有延伸并埋入所述铝背场内的倾斜面。
3.根据权利要求2所述的光伏电池片,其特征在于:所述衔接部朝向所述背电极的端部延伸并逐渐变薄。
4.根据权利要求3所述的光伏电池片,其特征在于:所述背电极的端部的长度为1-5mm。
5.一种光伏组件,包括盖板、背板、封装于盖板和背板之间的若干光伏电池片以及连接相邻两个光伏电池片的焊带,所述光伏电池片包括硅片、位于硅片背面的背电极以及覆盖于所述背电极四周的铝背场,其特征在于,所述铝背场的厚度大于所述背电极的厚度,而且所述铝背场设有与所述背电极衔接的衔接部,所述衔接部设有倾斜延伸至所述背电极表面的衔接面。
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