CN105240464A - Reversing speed reducer - Google Patents
Reversing speed reducer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105240464A CN105240464A CN201510665663.XA CN201510665663A CN105240464A CN 105240464 A CN105240464 A CN 105240464A CN 201510665663 A CN201510665663 A CN 201510665663A CN 105240464 A CN105240464 A CN 105240464A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- speed reducer
- encoder
- output shaft
- shaft
- pumping unit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
- F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
- F16H3/14—Gearings for reversal only
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
- E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Transmission Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a long-stroke mechanical reversing speed reducer capable of being used for an oilfield oil pumping unit. Under the condition that a motor rotates in a specific direction, an output shaft can achieve forward and reverse rotation according to a certain rule through the reversing speed reducer, and therefore an oil pumping rod can reciprocate up and down linearly. According to the reversing speed reducer, two intermediate shafts (including one forward rotating intermediate shaft and one reverse rotating intermediate shaft) are mainly utilized, through cooperation and alternate combination and separation of two clutches, power passes through the two intermediate shafts in turn to be transmitted to the output shaft from an input shaft, and therefore the forward and reserve rotation reserving function can be achieved. In the power transmitting process, through combination of size changes of gears, the purposes of reducing speed and increasing torque are achieved. An encoder for metering angular displacement is arranged on the reserving speed reducer, and the encoder can be utilized for accurately metering the rotating angle of the output shaft so that accurate reversing can be achieved. Besides, by means of the function of the encoder, the clutches can be combined when the rotation speed difference of half shafts is closest, and therefore impacting and abrasion generated when the clutches are combined can be reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil field machinery oil equipment, the reversing speed reducer that the long-stroke beam-pumping unit especially not relying on motor forward/backward rotation commutation uses.Also be applicable to other needs clockwise and anticlockwise or do linear reciprocating motion machinery use.
Background technique
The pumping unit of prior art, is divided into beam-pumping unit and non-beam beam-pumping unit two kinds.Typical beam-pumping unit is four-bar linkage structure, this pumping unit utilizes quadratic crank mechanism that the unidirectional circular movement of motor is converted to the linear reciprocating motion of suspension point, the major defect one of this structure is that energy consumption is higher, two is that to be not suitable for stroke long, three is to realize accurate balance, cause that motor is high joins, low load with strong power.
Non-beam beam-pumping unit be development trend this be the common recognition of industry, non-beam beam-pumping unit have again motor commutation and mechanical commutation point.Current several main non-beam beam-pumping unit, as chain making machine, belt conveyer, annular rack machine etc., though all belong to mechanical commutation category, because of complex structure, the reasons such as reversing impact, make durability deterioration; Motor commutation without beam machine, be adopt the mode of motor forward/backward rotation, realize the linear reciprocating motion of pumping unit hanging point, but the start and stop of this motor frequently, the service life reduction of motor certainly will be caused.The non-beam beam-pumping unit of this two type, although the deficiency overcoming traditional beam machine, also brings new problem, is exactly the durability deterioration of pumping unit.
Industry needs one not rely on motor positive and inverse to realize commutation strongly, and simultaneously structure is simple again, durable non-beam beam-pumping unit, thus can realize stroke required arbitrarily, and can take into account the new product that energy-saving and production-increase needs.Here it is reversing speed reducer.Reversing speed reducer be exactly when power source motor do in a direction rotate, by this communtation deceleration mechanism, realize forward and reverse rotation of output wheel, taking into account slows down simultaneously increases the effect turned round.
The reversing speed reducer of various mechanism is constantly devised, it is more reasonably this reversing speed reducer designed by ZL201120297063.X, document CN104295711A, but structure slightly complicated, driving gear is more, nature can make mechanical efficiency decline, and the energy-saving effect of non-beam beam-pumping unit is made a discount.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the shortcoming overcoming above-mentioned prior art, by the simpler directly method of one, realize commutation function, make the structure of reversing speed reducer more rationally, mechanical efficiency improves further, realize the large load of long stroke for pumping unit provides simple realization rate, thus improve individual well efficiency, oil field energy saving is increased production.
Reversing speed reducer of the present invention mainly utilizes two (one rotates forward and a counterrotating) jack shafts, by the cooperation of two groups of clutches, alternately combine, be separated, make motive power wheel flow through two jack shafts from input shaft to output shaft transmission, thus realize clockwise and anticlockwise commutation function.And in transferring power process, combined by the size variation of gear, reach the object of slowing down and increasing and turning round.
This reversing speed reducer is provided with the encoder of metering angular displacement at jack shaft and input shaft end, and encoder can measure the angle that output shaft turns over exactly, the commutation of pumping unit can be made no longer to rely on outside contact-making switch, and realize accurately commutation.
Utilize the function of encoder, can make clutch each semiaxis speed discrepancy closest to time combine, with reduce clutch in conjunction with time impact and abrasion.
Useful effect: adopt the pumping unit that the reversing speed reducer of foregoing invention is produced, will
1., overcome the shortcomings of traditional beam-pumping unit, reduce the loss of quadratic crank mechanism mechanical efficiency, thus improve the mechanical efficiency of complete machine;
2. pumping unit, is made easily to realize the accurate balance of balance-type type;
3., make pumping unit accurately can configure motor, avoid the high energy loss wearing investment increase and the electric efficiency decline come of beam machine motor;
4. pumping unit, is made can to realize Long travel and large load easily.The length of stroke is only limited to the stroke of downhole pump and the height of support tower and intensity;
5. the impact, when solving the commutation such as chain making machine and rapid wear problem, and make pumping unit complete machine structure simple, manufacture cost reduces;
6., avoid the motor frequent start-stop of electrical machinery commutation intelligence pumping unit and the infringement brought to motor, avoid motor damage;
7. the long life as the beam machine can, be accomplished.
8., with ZL201120297063.X with CN104295711A compare, because decrease engaging tooth wheels number, so improve machinery driving efficiency, can energy saving further.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the 3-D solid structure schematic diagram of reversing speed reducer of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural principle sketch of reversing speed reducer of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is that the typical case of this speed reducer and pumping unit circle rope roller assembles schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Four axles are had, respectively: power input shaft 2, jack shaft 3, jack shaft 4, pto＝power take-off 5 in Fig. 1.Be fixed on the housing of machine respectively by bearing.
Use two groups of clutches (12,13) in Fig. 1, often organize clutch and be divided into two-part again, drive it to combine by mechanism or be separated.
Belt pulley 1 one end in Fig. 1 connects power source motor () in figure slightly, the other end is solidly connected to input shaft 2, input shaft 2 affixed driving gear 6, driving gear 6 is meshed with the input gear 7 of jack shaft affixed on jack shaft 3, and the input gear 7 of jack shaft 3 is meshed with the input gear 10 of jack shaft 4 again; When power source motor rotates by a certain fixed-direction, driving gear 6 driven gear 7 rotates, and 7 drive 10 to rotate, and 7 is equal with 10 rotating speeds, and sense of rotation is contrary.
Jack shaft 3,4 is made up of two semiaxis respectively, one end of two semiaxis affixed clutch of difference (12 or 13), like this, a jack shaft is just divided into two by clutch, when clutch (12 or 13) in conjunction with time, jack shaft just becomes an axle, synchronous rotary, when clutch (12 or 13) is separated, jack shaft is just divided into two sections, each autorotation, does not have an impact mutually.
Jack shaft 3,4 is at the other end of clutch, affixed the output gear of jack shaft (8 or 9), the output gear 8 and 9 of jack shaft, be meshed with the conversion gear 11 of consolidation on output shaft 5 respectively, this meshing engagement structure, determining countershaft-gear 8 and 9 is that rotating speed is identical all the time, but sense of rotation is contrary.
The each affixed power output gear (14) in two ends of pto＝power take-off 5, in order to output torque to the volume fly cylinder of pumping unit, is meshed (see Fig. 3) with the outer rim gearwheel of volume fly cylinder.
For the working procedure of oil-field oil pumper be: when power source motor drives belt pulley (or not pass through belt pulley, the direct key of motor is connected to power input shaft 2, depending on motor speed) rotate (for convenience by certain fixing direction, suppose that belt pulley rotates in the direction of the clock herein, and be called for short rotating forward) time, be fixed in the driving gear 6 on same input shaft 2, also rotate forward, the gear be meshed with 67 reverses, and the gear be meshed with 7 10 is for rotate forward.When machine works, the sense of rotation that these three gears (6,7,10) remain unchanged always, i.e. 6 rotating forwards, 10 rotating forwards, 7 reversions.
In working procedure, by the folding of Microprocessor S3C44B0X two groups of clutches (12,13), two groups of clutches can not combine simultaneously, it can only be an adhesive, another is separated, or be separated simultaneously, otherwise clockwise and anticlockwise will be made simultaneously to pass to gear 11, cause output shaft stall or gear failure.
When clutch 13 in conjunction with time, power is by counter gear 7, clutch 13, pass to gear 8 (reversion), gear 8 again by transmission of power to gear 11 (rotating forward), then output shaft 5 drives power output gear 14 to rotate forward (up stroke being assumed to pumping unit herein).
When output shaft turns over setting angular displacement (or receiving the signal of the contact-making switch that pumping unit is separately established), start top dead center commutation.
Commutation is first from clutch 13 disconnects, and after 13 disconnections, pto＝power take-off loses power, under the effect of other power of pumping unit, do retarded motion.
When not having other auxiliary changement to help, pumping unit can not be auto-reverse, so, when encoder 15 detects that the rotating speed of jack shaft 4 is very low, clutch 12 can be allowed to combine.
After clutch 12 combines, power passes to gear 9 (rotating forward) by rotating forward gear 10, clutch 12, gear 9 again by transmission of power to gear 11 (reversion), then output shaft 5 drives power output gear 14 to reverse.So far complete and once commutate, the down stroke of pumping unit starts.
When output shaft turns over setting angular displacement (or receiving the signal of the contact-making switch that down stroke that pumping unit separately establishes terminates), start lower dead center commutation.
Commutation is first from clutch 12 disconnects, and after 12 disconnections, pto＝power take-off loses power, under the effect of other power of pumping unit, do retarded motion, until stop.
In counterweight rationally or when having other auxiliary changement to help, pumping unit can be auto-reverse, so, when encoder 15 detects that the rotating speed of jack shaft 4 is suitable, clutch 13 can be allowed to combine.
Clutch 13 combine after, power passes to gear 8 (reversion) by counter gear 7, clutch 13, gear 8 again by transmission of power to gear 11 (rotating forward), then output shaft 5 drives power output gear 14 to rotate forward.So far complete and once commutate, up stroke starts.
Repeat [0031] respectively to walk to [0038], move in circles.
Claims (1)
1. a reversing speed reducer, be primarily characterized in that: utilize two (one rotate forward, a counterrotating) jack shafts, by the cooperation of two groups of clutches, alternately combine, be separated, make motive power wheel flow through two jack shafts from input shaft to output shaft transmission, thus make output shaft realize clockwise and anticlockwise commutation function; And in transferring power process, combined by the size variation of gear, reach the object of slowing down and increasing and turning round; Jack shaft and input shaft are all provided with the encoder of measured angular displacement, the angle utilizing encoder can measure output shaft exactly to turn over, make the commutation of pumping unit no longer rely on outside contact-making switch, and realize accurately commutation; Utilize the function of encoder, can make clutch each semiaxis speed discrepancy closest to time combine, with reduce clutch in conjunction with time impact and abrasion.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510665663.XA CN105240464A (en) | 2015-10-08 | 2015-10-08 | Reversing speed reducer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510665663.XA CN105240464A (en) | 2015-10-08 | 2015-10-08 | Reversing speed reducer |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105240464A true CN105240464A (en) | 2016-01-13 |
Family
ID=55038236
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510665663.XA Pending CN105240464A (en) | 2015-10-08 | 2015-10-08 | Reversing speed reducer |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105240464A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106855101A (en) * | 2016-11-27 | 2017-06-16 | 苏州君丰辰电子科技有限公司 | A kind of electric linkage switching device |
| CN108698689A (en) * | 2016-02-16 | 2018-10-23 | 赛峰传动系统公司 | Deceleration device with input/output rotation commutation |
| CN110030360A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-07-19 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of design method of gear wheel reversing mechanism and its gear pair |
| CN111071945A (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2020-04-28 | 袁应帅 | Lifting equipment that construction machinery assembled was used |
| CN111219457A (en) * | 2020-03-07 | 2020-06-02 | 西北工业大学 | Gear transmission device for rapid reversing |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2718219Y (en) * | 2004-05-14 | 2005-08-17 | 赵洪贵 | Mechanical closed loop track long-stroke pumping machine |
| CN201258958Y (en) * | 2007-12-15 | 2009-06-17 | 姜文有 | Electromagnetical clutch automatic reversing decelerator for pumping unit |
| CN202100239U (en) * | 2011-01-10 | 2012-01-04 | 朱克彦 | Long-stroke oil pumping unit with reversing speed reducer |
| CN202334396U (en) * | 2011-11-17 | 2012-07-11 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Automatic reversing control device for servo motor of low pumping unit |
| CN103823403A (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2014-05-28 | 镇江索达联轴器有限公司 | Pumping unit control system |
-
2015
- 2015-10-08 CN CN201510665663.XA patent/CN105240464A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2718219Y (en) * | 2004-05-14 | 2005-08-17 | 赵洪贵 | Mechanical closed loop track long-stroke pumping machine |
| CN201258958Y (en) * | 2007-12-15 | 2009-06-17 | 姜文有 | Electromagnetical clutch automatic reversing decelerator for pumping unit |
| CN202100239U (en) * | 2011-01-10 | 2012-01-04 | 朱克彦 | Long-stroke oil pumping unit with reversing speed reducer |
| CN202334396U (en) * | 2011-11-17 | 2012-07-11 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Automatic reversing control device for servo motor of low pumping unit |
| CN103823403A (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2014-05-28 | 镇江索达联轴器有限公司 | Pumping unit control system |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108698689A (en) * | 2016-02-16 | 2018-10-23 | 赛峰传动系统公司 | Deceleration device with input/output rotation commutation |
| CN108698689B (en) * | 2016-02-16 | 2021-06-22 | 赛峰传动系统公司 | Reduction gear with input/output rotation commutation |
| CN106855101A (en) * | 2016-11-27 | 2017-06-16 | 苏州君丰辰电子科技有限公司 | A kind of electric linkage switching device |
| CN110030360A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-07-19 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of design method of gear wheel reversing mechanism and its gear pair |
| CN110030360B (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2021-07-06 | 中国矿业大学 | Gear reversing mechanism and design method of gear pair thereof |
| CN111071945A (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2020-04-28 | 袁应帅 | Lifting equipment that construction machinery assembled was used |
| CN111219457A (en) * | 2020-03-07 | 2020-06-02 | 西北工业大学 | Gear transmission device for rapid reversing |
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| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
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Application publication date: 20160113 |