CN105238946A - Preparation device for carbon nanotube reinforced aluminum matrix composite and continuous preparation method of preparation device - Google Patents
Preparation device for carbon nanotube reinforced aluminum matrix composite and continuous preparation method of preparation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105238946A CN105238946A CN201510695932.7A CN201510695932A CN105238946A CN 105238946 A CN105238946 A CN 105238946A CN 201510695932 A CN201510695932 A CN 201510695932A CN 105238946 A CN105238946 A CN 105238946A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation device for a carbon nanotube reinforced aluminum matrix composite and a continuous preparation method of the preparation device. The preparation method includes the following steps that a CNTs additive is prepared; an aluminum alloy matrix is smelted in an aluminum alloy smelting holding furnace; a tundish is arranged in a sluice between the holding furnace and a casting platform, the CNTs additive is added to the tundish, an electromagnetic coil is arranged on the tundish, an electromagnetic field is generated, an ultrasonic rod is arranged in the tundish, and an ultrasonic field is generated; alloy melt flows into the tundish, the melt, carrying the CNTs reinforced phase, in the tundish is evenly stirred under the coupling effect of the electromagnetic field and the ultrasonic field; and finally a composite ingot casting is formed through semi-continuous casting. The reinforced phase melt is evenly stirred under the joint effect of the electromagnetic field and the ultrasonic field, the wettability of CNTs in the melt is further improved, attachment of CTNs to the peripheral walls of the tundish is reduced, and air gaps generated in the melt stirring process are reduced; and the CTNs additive is online added outside a furnace body, and therefore large-batch continuous production can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of matrix material, particularly relate to a kind of preparation facilities and continuous preparation method thereof of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, belong to field of material engineering technology.
Background technology
Carbon nanotube (CarbonNanotubes, CNTs) be form by graphite flake layer is curling, it is a kind of tubulose monodimension nanometer material of structure hollow, have that density is little, intensity is high, length-to-diameter ratio is large, the premium properties such as electric conductivity and thermal conductivity is high, thermal expansivity is low, strong alkali-acid resistance corrosion, effectively can improve the mechanical property of matrix material, as tensile strength, impelling strength, anti-aging intensity and elasticity etc., in addition there is fatigue resistance, thermostability etc., therefore, desirable composite material reinforcement body is regarded as.CNTs strengthens metal-base composites and has unique mechanics and physicals because having the feature of metal and CNTs concurrently, have broad application prospects at industry necks such as aerospacecraft, automobile making, electronic machines, become the focus that global high-tech industry field is paid close attention to.
Current CNTs reinforced aluminum matrix composites main preparation methods has powder metallurgic method, pressure-free impregnation method, in-situ synthesis and stirring casting method etc.Powder metallurgic method is mixed with metal powder uniform stirring by CNTs, then ball milling, drying, compacting and sintering etc. are carried out, but the method production cost is high, and easily cause CNTs structural damage in mechanical milling process, destructurized CNTs when high temperature sintering easily and metallic matrix to react generation harmful phase, as produced Al with aluminum substrate
4c3, reduces the performance of matrix material.Pressure-free impregnation method is that the pressed by powder mixed by different ratios becomes prefabricated component, then under capillary force action, molten metal bath is infiltrated prefabricated component, compared with other recombining process, pressureless penetration have technique simple, high to the material density that the requirement of equipment is low, prepared, can the advantage such as newly net forming, but production efficiency is low, be unfavorable for batch production.In-situ compound technology is as a kind of new compounding technology, suitable processing method is mainly adopted to reach a kind of chemistry on the metallic substrate or wild phase is prepared in reaction non-chemically, strengthen in metal-base composites preparation main based on chemical Vapor deposition process at CNTs, technology production cost is high, is unfavorable for producing large-size components.Stirring casting method adds CNTs in fused solution metal, CNTs is made to be scattered in melt by stirring, mainly there is the problems such as pore space more in the uneven and melt of Dispersion of Reinforcement in current the method, and melt carries out die casting complete stirring in a single oven after in existing method, often less for the ease of applying whipping appts size of burner hearth, be not suitable for large scale continuous prod.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly the problems referred to above existed to solve prior art, thus a kind of preparation facilities and continuous preparation method thereof of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material are provided, to adapt to the requirement of industrialization semicontinuous casting production, avoid CNTs to be agglomerated into weak phase in a large number in the base, and reduce the defects such as pore.
Technical solution of the present invention is: the preparation facilities of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, comprise melting & holding furnace body, tundish, casting platform and the chute for being communicated with various piece, the sidewall bottom of the wherein side of described melting & holding furnace is provided with melt outlet, melt inlet and melt outlet is respectively equipped with bottom the two side, front and back of described tundish, described casting platform upper is provided with melt inlet, between the melt outlet of described melting & holding furnace and the melt inlet of tundish, the melt outlet of tundish is all connected by chute with between the melt inlet of casting platform, the top of described tundish periphery is provided with solenoid, and tundish inside is provided with ultrasonic bar, described casting platform comprises crystallizer body and ingot-guiding head, and described ingot-guiding head is installed on the below of crystallizer body.
Further, the preparation facilities of above-mentioned carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, wherein: the melt outlet place of described melting & holding furnace is provided with flow control plug.
Further, the preparation facilities of above-mentioned carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, wherein: the top, periphery of described tundish is provided with protection tracheae body.
Further, the preparation facilities of above-mentioned carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, wherein: the top of described tundish periphery is evenly provided with three groups of solenoids, solenoid connects three-phase alternating-current supply.
Further, the preparation facilities of above-mentioned carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, wherein: the top of described crystallizer body is provided with hot top.
The invention also discloses a kind of continuous preparation method of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, utilize aforesaid preparation facilities, adopt following steps to carry out serialization preparation:
(1) CNTs addition material is prepared, namely the CNTs of oriented growth in aluminum foil substrate is adopted, and at CNTs surface continuous electrochemical deposition Ni or Cu metal level, surface modification is carried out to carbon nanotube, obtain metallized aluminum and the soilless sticking of Ni/Cu metal level or the CNTs paper tinsel of winding, then CNTs paper tinsel is cut into band or makes bar in order to adding;
(2) by alloy matrix aluminum melting refinement being incubated in melting & holding furnace, alloy melt is obtained;
(3) to release after all frocks are ready alloy melt, controlled the flow of alloy melt by flow control plug, make alloy melt flow in tundish through chute from the melt inlet of tundish;
(4) quantitatively the CNTs addition material obtained through step (1) is added continuously, open solenoid and ultrasonic bar, ultrasonic field is produced by ultrasonic bar, solenoid generates an electromagnetic field, alloy melt completes stirring under electromagnetic field and ultrasonic long coupling in tundish, obtains uniform CNTs and disperses melt;
(5) CNTs disperses melt to be flow in the casting platform be made up of crystallizer body and ingot-guiding head through chute by the melt outlet of tundish, water coolant in crystallizer body is constantly ejected into ingot-guiding head surrounding by crystallizer water outlet, after semicontinuous casting, ingot-guiding head declines at a predetermined velocity, and CNTs disperses melt to be constantly frozen into matrix material ingot casting under water quench.
Further, the continuous production method of above-mentioned carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, wherein: the CNTs adopting oriented growth in described step (1), its diameter 5 ~ 25nm, length is 1 ~ 600um.
Again further, the continuous production method of above-mentioned carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, wherein: in described step (4), the add-on of CNTs addition material is the 0.5-2.0% of the Al-alloy based body weight of modification to be reinforced, described solenoid operating frequency is 10 ~ 100Hz, a.t. is 2000 ~ 3000AN, and described ultrasonic bar operating power is 250 ~ 2000W, and frequency is 10 ~ 50KHz.
Again further, the continuous production method of above-mentioned carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, wherein: open protection tracheae body in described step (4), protection tracheae body flows out inert protective gas and covers melt liquid level simultaneously.
Again further, the continuous production method of above-mentioned carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, wherein: in described step (5), casting speed is 80 ~ 160mm/min, cooling water inflow 3 ~ 6m
3/ h.
The substantive distinguishing features that the present invention gives prominence to and significant technical progress are mainly reflected in:
(1) wild phase CNTs state is the soilless sticking of metallized aluminum and Ni/Cu metal level or the CNTs foil of winding or bar, by carrying out surface modification to the CNTs of oriented growth, improve its wettability in metal melt, ensure that the online CNTs of interpolation can obtain the effect that is uniformly dispersed the short period under outfield is stirred.Compared with Powdered, CNTs is made band or bar advantageously in quantitatively adding continuously, also can alleviate CNTs and be adsorbed onto cavity surrounding or float to bath surface, recovery rate is high.
(2) one or more tundish is set in the chute between the melting & holding furnace and casting platform of aluminium semicontinuous casting production line, CNTs addition material is added to continuous and quantitative in melt at its inlet place, the alloy melt carrying wild phase in tundish stirs under electromagnetic field and ultrasonic field coupling, electromagnetic field produces circumferential rotating force in the melt, ultrasonic field acoustic streaming effect produces slight whipping force up and down, ultrasonic cavitation effect can improve CNTs wettability in the melt further, reduce the attachment of CNTs at tundish four perisporium, reduce the air void in Melt Stirring.Be connected with the protection of inert gas melt do not reacted with alloy melt in tundish, avoid melt over oxidation and be mingled with pore.And the present invention adds CNTs and stirring outward online at body of heater, thus can realize continuous seepage in enormous quantities.
(3) semi-continuous casting method can be adopted to prepare carbon nanotube aluminum matrix composite, the method technique is simple, and easy handling, production efficiency is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical solution of the present invention is described further:
Fig. 1 is preparation facilities and the preparation process schematic diagram of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material;
Fig. 2 is CNTs addition material preparation flow figure.
In figure, the implication of each Reference numeral is: 1-alloy melt, 2-melting & holding furnace body; 3-flow control plug, 4-chute, 5-tundish; 6-CNTs addition material, 7-ultrasonic bar, 8-protection tracheae body; 9-solenoid, 10-CNTs disperses melt, 11-hot top; 12-crystallizer body; 13-matrix material ingot casting, 14-ingot-guiding head, 15-casting platform.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail, is easier to make technical solution of the present invention understand and grasp.
As shown in Figure 1, the preparation facilities of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material of the present invention comprises melting & holding furnace body 2, tundish 5, casting platform 14 and the chute 4 for being communicated with various piece, the sidewall bottom of the wherein side of melting & holding furnace 2 is provided with melt outlet, melt inlet and melt outlet is respectively equipped with bottom the two side, front and back of tundish 5, casting platform 14 top is provided with melt inlet, between the melt outlet of melting & holding furnace 2 and the melt inlet of tundish 5, the melt outlet of tundish 5 is all connected by chute 4 with between the melt inlet of casting platform 15.The top of tundish 5 periphery is provided with solenoid 9, and tundish 5 inside is provided with ultrasonic bar 7.Casting platform 15 comprises crystallizer body 12 and ingot-guiding head 14, and ingot-guiding head 14 is installed on the below of crystallizer body 12.
Further, the melt outlet place of melting & holding furnace 2 is provided with flow control plug 3, for controlling the flow of alloy melt 1.The top, periphery of tundish 5 is provided with protection tracheae body 8, and protection tracheae body 8 flows out inert protective gas and covers melt liquid level.The top of tundish 5 periphery is evenly provided with three groups of solenoids 9, and solenoid 9 connects three-phase alternating-current supply and generates an electromagnetic field.The top of crystallizer body 12 is provided with hot top 11.In addition, it should be noted that, although be only provided with a tundish 5 in Fig. 1 between melting & holding furnace 2 and casting platform 15, multiple tundish 5 can being set according to actual service condition, as arranged two or three tundish 5.
As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the continuous production method of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material of the present invention is as follows:
(1) CNTs addition material 6 is prepared, adopt the CNTs of oriented growth in aluminum foil substrate, and at CNTs surface continuous electrochemical deposition Ni or Cu metal level, surface modification is carried out to carbon nanotube, improve its wettability in metal melt, its proportion simultaneously, thus obtain metallized aluminum and the soilless sticking of Ni/Cu metal level or the CNTs paper tinsel of winding, as required appropriate CNTs paper tinsel is cut into band or makes bar in order to adding;
(2) by aluminium alloy melting refinement being incubated in melting & holding furnace 2, the temperature of melting & holding furnace controls at 730 ~ 760 DEG C, obtains alloy melt 1;
(3) to release after all frocks are ready alloy melt 1, controlled the flow of alloy melt 1 by flow control plug 3, make alloy melt 1 flow in tundish 5 through chute 4 from the melt inlet of tundish 5;
(4) quantitatively the CNTs addition material 6 obtained through step (1) is added continuously after releasing, open solenoid 9, ultrasonic bar 7 and protection tracheae body 8, solenoid 9 operating frequency is selected to be 10 ~ 100Hz, a.t. is 2000 ~ 3000AN, ultrasonic bar 7 operating frequency power is 250 ~ 2000W, frequency is 10 ~ 50KHz, shield gas flow rate 2 ~ 10L/min, ultrasonic field is produced by ultrasonic bar 7, solenoid 9 generates an electromagnetic field, protection tracheae body 8 flows out inert protective gas and covers melt liquid level, electromagnetic field produces circumferential rotating force in alloy melt 1, ultrasonic field acoustic streaming effect produces slight whipping force up and down, CNTs addition material 6 and alloy melt 1 complete stirring under electromagnetic field and ultrasonic field coupling in tundish, thus obtain comparatively uniform CNTs dispersion melt 10,
(5) CNTs disperses melt 10 to be flow to through chute by the melt outlet of tundish 5 in the casting platform 15 be made up of crystallizer body 12 and ingot-guiding head 14, and the water coolant before this in crystallizer body 12 is constantly ejected into ingot-guiding head 14 surrounding by crystallizer water outlet; For φ 178 billet, casting speed is 80 ~ 160mm/min, cooling water inflow 3 ~ 6m
3/ h, after semicontinuous casting, ingot-guiding head 14 declines at a predetermined velocity, and CNTs disperses melt to be constantly frozen into matrix material ingot casting 13 under water quench.
Further, the continuous production method of above-mentioned carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, the CNTs of the company's of employing oriented growth, its diameter 5 ~ 25nm in step (1), length is 1 ~ 600um; In described step (4), in tundish 5, a certain amount of CNTs addition material 6 obtained through step (1) can be added in advance before melt 1 of releasing, alternating electromagnetic field produces induced current at molten aluminium medium in step (4), and induced current and the alternating magnetic field electromagnetic body force formed that interacts produces vortex stirring effect of circling round in the melt; High-energy ultrasound can produce cyclic stress and acoustic pressure in melt medium, produces acoustic cavitation and acoustic streaming effect etc., significantly can improve the wettability of subparticle and melt, and force it dispersed in the melt in very short time; In step (4), the add-on of CNTs addition material is the 0.5-2.0% of the Al-alloy based body weight of modification to be reinforced; .
By describing above and can finding out, the Preparation equipment of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material of the present invention and continuous production method thereof, its wild phase CNTs state is the soilless sticking of metallized aluminum and Ni/Cu metal level or the CNTs foil of winding or bar, by carrying out surface modification to the CNTs of oriented growth, improve its wettability in metal melt, ensure that the online CNTs of interpolation can obtain the effect that is uniformly dispersed the short period under outfield is stirred.Compared with Powdered, CNTs is made band or bar advantageously in quantitatively adding continuously, also can alleviate CNTs and be adsorbed onto cavity surrounding or float to bath surface, recovery rate is high, the present invention arranges one or more tundish in the chute between the melting & holding furnace and casting platform of aluminium semicontinuous casting production line, CNTs addition material is added to continuous and quantitative in melt at its inlet place, the alloy melt carrying wild phase in tundish stirs under electromagnetic field and ultrasonic field coupling, electromagnetic field produces circumferential rotating force in the melt, ultrasonic field acoustic streaming effect produces slight whipping force up and down, ultrasonic cavitation effect can improve CNTs wettability in the melt further, reduce the attachment of CNTs at tundish four perisporium, reduce the air void in Melt Stirring.Be connected with the protection of inert gas melt do not reacted with alloy melt in tundish, avoid melt over oxidation and be mingled with pore.And the present invention adds CNTs and stirring outward online at body of heater, thus can realize continuous seepage in enormous quantities; The present invention can adopt semi-continuous casting method to prepare carbon nanotube aluminum matrix composite, and the method technique is simple, and easy handling, production efficiency is high.
Certainly, be more than representative instance of the present invention, in addition, the present invention can also have other multiple embodiment, and all employings are equal to the technical scheme of replacement or equivalent transformation formation, all drop within the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the preparation facilities of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, it is characterized in that: comprise melting & holding furnace body, tundish, casting platform and the chute for being communicated with various piece, the sidewall bottom of the wherein side of described melting & holding furnace is provided with melt outlet, melt inlet and melt outlet is respectively equipped with bottom the two side, front and back of described tundish, described casting platform upper is provided with melt inlet, between the melt outlet of described melting & holding furnace and the melt inlet of tundish, the melt outlet of tundish is all connected by chute with between the melt inlet of casting platform, the top of described tundish periphery is provided with solenoid, and tundish inside is provided with ultrasonic bar, described casting platform comprises crystallizer body and ingot-guiding head, and described ingot-guiding head is installed on the below of crystallizer body.
2. the preparation facilities of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the melt outlet place of described melting & holding furnace is provided with flow control plug.
3. the preparation facilities of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the top, periphery of described tundish is provided with protection tracheae body.
4. the preparation facilities of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the top of described tundish periphery is evenly provided with three groups of solenoids, and solenoid connects three-phase alternating-current supply.
5. the preparation facilities of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the top of described crystallizer body is provided with hot top.
6. the continuous preparation method of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material, is characterized in that: utilize the preparation facilities described in claim 1-5 any one, carries out serialization preparation according to following steps,
(1) CNTs addition material is prepared, namely the CNTs of oriented growth in aluminum foil substrate is adopted, and at CNTs surface continuous electrochemical deposition Ni or Cu metal level, surface modification is carried out to carbon nanotube, obtain metallized aluminum and the soilless sticking of Ni/Cu metal level or the CNTs paper tinsel of winding, then CNTs paper tinsel is cut into band or makes bar in order to adding;
(2) by alloy matrix aluminum melting refinement being incubated in melting & holding furnace, alloy melt is obtained;
(3) to release after all frocks are ready alloy melt, controlled the flow of alloy melt by flow control plug, make alloy melt flow in tundish through chute from the melt inlet of tundish;
(4) quantitatively the CNTs addition material obtained through step (1) is added continuously, open solenoid and ultrasonic bar, ultrasonic field is produced by ultrasonic bar, solenoid generates an electromagnetic field, alloy melt completes stirring under electromagnetic field and ultrasonic long coupling in tundish, obtains uniform CNTs and disperses melt;
(5) CNTs disperses melt to be flow in the casting platform be made up of crystallizer body and ingot-guiding head through chute by the melt outlet of tundish, water coolant in crystallizer body is constantly ejected into ingot-guiding head surrounding by crystallizer water outlet, after semicontinuous casting, ingot-guiding head declines at a predetermined velocity, and CNTs disperses melt to be constantly frozen into matrix material ingot casting under water quench.
7. the continuous preparation method of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the CNTs adopting oriented growth in described step (1), its diameter 5 ~ 25nm, length is 1 ~ 600um.
8. the continuous preparation method of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: in described step (4), the add-on of CNTs addition material is the 0.5-2.0% of the Al-alloy based body weight of modification to be reinforced, described solenoid operating frequency is 10 ~ 100Hz, a.t. is 2000 ~ 3000AN, described ultrasonic bar operating power is 250 ~ 2000W, and frequency is 10 ~ 50KHz.
9. the continuous preparation method of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material according to claim 6, is characterized in that: open protection tracheae body in described step (4) simultaneously, and protection tracheae body flows out inert protective gas and covers melt liquid level.
10. the continuous preparation method of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material according to claim 6, is characterized in that: in described step (5), and casting speed is 80 ~ 160mm/min, cooling water inflow 3 ~ 6m
3/ h.
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| CN106623828A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-05-10 | 西南铝业（集团）有限责任公司 | Aluminum alloy ingot mold and casting method |
| CN106756193A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-31 | 苏州有色金属研究院有限公司 | Preparation facilities of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106735024A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-31 | 苏州有色金属研究院有限公司 | Prepare aluminum matrix composite semi-continuous casting device |
| CN108273972A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-07-13 | 内蒙古科技大学 | A kind of device and method of electromagnetic energy crystal grain refinement |
| CN112974747A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-06-18 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Method for improving metallurgical quality of large-specification 2000-series aluminum alloy ingot |
| CN113444906A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-09-28 | 北京科技大学 | Method for preparing carbon nano tube reinforced light aluminum-based alloy |
| CN113481401A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-10-08 | 北京科技大学 | Method for preparing Al/CNT composite material |
| CN115584415A (en) * | 2022-10-13 | 2023-01-10 | 国网电力科学研究院武汉南瑞有限责任公司 | Preparation method of anisotropic high-performance carbon nanotube reinforced aluminum matrix composite material under magnetic field |
| CN116005032A (en) * | 2022-12-13 | 2023-04-25 | 湖南文昌新材科技股份有限公司 | Preparation device, method and material of metal matrix composite |
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| CN106623828A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-05-10 | 西南铝业（集团）有限责任公司 | Aluminum alloy ingot mold and casting method |
| CN106756193A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-31 | 苏州有色金属研究院有限公司 | Preparation facilities of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN112974747A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-06-18 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Method for improving metallurgical quality of large-specification 2000-series aluminum alloy ingot |
| CN113444906A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-09-28 | 北京科技大学 | Method for preparing carbon nano tube reinforced light aluminum-based alloy |
| CN113481401A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-10-08 | 北京科技大学 | Method for preparing Al/CNT composite material |
| CN113481401B (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2022-04-05 | 北京科技大学 | Method for preparing Al/CNT composite material |
| CN115584415A (en) * | 2022-10-13 | 2023-01-10 | 国网电力科学研究院武汉南瑞有限责任公司 | Preparation method of anisotropic high-performance carbon nanotube reinforced aluminum matrix composite material under magnetic field |
| CN116005032A (en) * | 2022-12-13 | 2023-04-25 | 湖南文昌新材科技股份有限公司 | Preparation device, method and material of metal matrix composite |
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