CN105228852A - 用于车辆的高压车载网络结构 - Google Patents

用于车辆的高压车载网络结构 Download PDF

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CN105228852A
CN105228852A CN201480025512.1A CN201480025512A CN105228852A CN 105228852 A CN105228852 A CN 105228852A CN 201480025512 A CN201480025512 A CN 201480025512A CN 105228852 A CN105228852 A CN 105228852A
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energy
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supply system
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CN105228852B (zh
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A.韦格勒
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
    • B60L1/02—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to electric heating circuits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/51—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by AC-motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/11—DC charging controlled by the charging station, e.g. mode 4
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B60L53/22—Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B60L53/24—Using the vehicle's propulsion converter for charging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • H02J3/322—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means the battery being on-board an electric or hybrid vehicle, e.g. vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G], power aggregation, use of the battery for network load balancing, coordinated or cooperative battery charging
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
    • B60L2240/36—Temperature of vehicle components or parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
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    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
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Abstract

用于车辆的能量供给系统（2），具有一电机（6）、一带有直流电压接头和交流电压接头的直流电压-交流电压-变换器（8）以及一蓄能器元件（4），其中，所述蓄能器元件（4）能够连接在所述直流电压接头上并且所述电机（6）能够连接在所述交流电压接头上，其中，所述电机（6）能够在使用在所述蓄能器元件（4）中所储存的能量的情况下运行，其特征在于，在所述蓄能器元件（4）与所述变换器（8）之间布置直流电压转换器（14）并且外部的能量供给机构（12）能够耦合输入到所述直流电压转换器（14）中，用于对所述蓄能器元件（4）进行充电，其中，在进行能量供给时所述直流电压转换器（14）能够从所述变换器（8）上退耦。

Description

用于车辆的高压车载网络结构
技术领域
本发明涉及车辆中的能量分配系统。尤其本发明涉及一种在改进对于能量供给系统的电机的操控的同时得到简化的构造。此外，本发明尤其涉及一种用于车辆的能量供给系统以及一种车辆、尤其是电动车或混合动力车。
背景技术
电动车或者混合动力车中的车载网络拓扑结构具有至少一个用于提供比如以电的方式所储存的能量的蓄能器元件以及至少一个作为所储存的能量的消耗器的、用于驱动车辆的驱动元件、比如电动马达或者电机。在此，大多情况下蓄能器元件、高压蓄电池或者电池系统在使用换流器（Inverters）或者直流电压-交流电压变换器（DC-AC-变换器）的情况下与电机相连接，并且由于结构形式而被设置用于输出直流电压。在此，所述变换器将由蓄能器元件提供的直流电压转换为对于电动马达元件或者电机的运行来说合适的交流电压。
图1示出了一种传统的、用于电动车或者混合动力车的车载网络结构。在从蓄能器元件4到电动马达或者电机6的线路路径中，布置了换流器或者DC-AC变换器8。此外，能量供给系统2具有一充电器10，该充电器一方面与能量供给系统2相耦合并且另一方面与外部的能源12、比如电力网12相耦合。所述电力网12示范性地在使用三个相位L1-3的情况下被耦合到充电器上。能够设想其它的、在电力网12与充电器10之间的连接。充电器10在此被设置用于：根据外部的能量供给机构12来给蓄能器元件4充电。
传统的蓄能器元件4通常具有取决于充电状态的、可变的端电压，所述端电压通过能量供给系统2的内部的敷设电缆也加载在变换器8上。图2示出了由蓄能器元件4提供的电流的、取决于蓄能器元件4的端电压的、示范性的曲线。因为蓄能器元件4的所输出的功率如在图2中示出的那样基本上恒定地不取决于所述端电压，所以较低的端电压引起提高了的电流并且反之亦然。
对于直接被连接的变换器8来说，由此必须如此设计该变换器的尺寸，用于不仅能够处理最高可能的电压而且能够处理最低可能的电压并且不仅能够处理最高可能的电流而且能够处理最低可能的电流。
在此由所述变换器8实现的电功率基本上受到电流的限制，所述电流在不取决于所加载的端电压的情况下不得超过特定的数值。由此必须针对这种最大的电流来设计所述变换器8。
为了现在能够优化地提供一种变换器，可以在蓄能器元件4与变换器8之间设置一直流电压转换器（Gleichspannungswandler）14。由此可以转换可变的、由蓄能器元件4输出的、可变的、示范性地处于150V到300V的范围内的电压或者将其转换到一种电压水平，该电压水平基本上是恒定的，示范性地为400V。由此所述变换器8可以构造用于基本上占据所定义的、由电流和电压构成的运行工作点，而在此不必设计到较大的电流范围。换句话说，通过直流电压转换器14与变换器8之间的、中间电路中的所定义的电压，根据基本上恒定的功率也将所属的电流确定到基本上恒定的数值。对于这个数值来说，现在可以优选设计所述变换器8，而在此不必考虑在降低的电压的情况下针对可能提高的电流的储备。所述变换器8或者换流器由此基本上在恒定的电压比的情况下工作。由此尤其可以实现这一点：可以将在所述变换器8中的半导体的电流承载能力减半。相应地，可以将所有的输入参数设计到低得多的电压及电流范围。由此可以降低设计上的开销并且节省材料成本。
图4示出了直流电压转换器的一种示范性的实施方式。直流电压转换器14或者DC-DC-转换器14在此示范性地具有作为多相系统的结构，由此作为多个单独的电压转换器的组合来示出。通过这样的构造，产生了一些技术上的优点，比如电压及电流起伏（Spannungs-und Stromrippel）的减小。
但是，这样的、按照图3所使用的直流电压转换器14在此是车辆的能量供给系统中的、附加的组件，该组件本身具有一定的能耗并且也仅仅由于其重量就已经引起用于驱动车辆的能量需求的提高。此外，依照传统设置了一充电器10，该充电器将外部的能量供给机构12如此耦合输入到所述能量供给系统中，用于能够给蓄能器元件4充电。
如果由此利用用于将恒定的供电电压提供给所述变换器的DC-DC-转换器来扩展（参照图3）传统的车载网络结构（参照图1），那么由此就提高所述组件的数目并且由此尤其提高了半导体的数目以及对其的操控水平。
发明内容
本发明的一个方面由此可以在于，提供一种用于车辆的车载网络结构或者能量供给系统，该能量供给系统一方面以基本上恒定的电压来运行一变换器或者换流器，但是在此提供所述能量供给系统的组件的一种得到改进的连接方案以及一种得到简化的构造。尤其基本上不应该提高半导体的数目以及对其的操控。
相应地示出了按独立权利要求所述的、一种用于车辆的能量供给系统以及一种车辆，尤其电动混合车辆。优选的设计方案从从属权利要求中获得。
按照本发明，现在如此改动所述直流电压转换器，从而基本上可以取消经常也在布置在车辆中的充电器。如在按照本发明的能量供给系统中所使用的一样的直流电压转换器由此能够在充电运行中直接对用于给蓄能器元件进行充电的、（比如三相的）外部的能源进行馈电，而在行驶运行中所述直流电压转换器可以向变换器提供基本上恒定的运行电压或者供电电压。由此可以提供一种用于车辆的能量供给系统，在该能量供给系统的情况下所述蓄能器元件的充电功能被集成在所述直流电压转换器中并且由此可以使用一种变换器，该变换器被优化到较小的电压范围。
按照本发明构造一种具有充电功能的、示范性地具有三个或者更多个相位的相位数的直流电压转换器。在正常的行驶运行中或者也在正向运行中，所述相位在此通过在这种情况下闭合的接触器或者开关被连接在中间电路上，在所述中间电路上也连接了所述变换器，或者所述中间电路向所述变换器馈电。由于未连接或者未插接外部的能源，直流电压转换器由此基本上具有直接连接（durchverbunden）的结构。
如果现在要给蓄能器元件充电，则断开所述开关并且将示范性地构造为3相结构的电力网或者能源直接与直流电压转换器连接起来，直流电压转换器现在在反向运行中作为充电器或者逆变器来工作并且向蓄能器元件或者车辆蓄电池提供恒定的充电电压或者充电电流。
由此可以针对窄小的输入电压范围对在车辆中所设置的变换器进行优化，这也在成本和体积方面产生了优点。在此不需要附加的、用于充电器的组件，因为该功能由直流电压转换器来承担。
所述电压转换器通常由于再生（Rekuperation）、也就是行驶运行中的能量回收利用而构造为双向的转换器，从而在所述转换器作为充电器来运行时所述蓄能器元件的能量也可以被反馈到外部的能源、比如电力网中。由此，大量的按本发明的能量供给系统可以为地区的或者国家的能源系统提供蓄能器解决方案。
按本发明的直流电压转换器在此可以针对大量的使用情况得到优化，比如针对这样的、在具有较长的充电时间而无主动冷却功能的较低的功率范围内的使用情况或者也作为具有主动冷却功能的、用于快速充电的高功率电压转换器得到优化。
所述按本发明的能量供给系统同样被设置用于：在再生运行中回收比如由于受到制动的下坡行驶而被电机获取的能量并且将其反馈到蓄能器元件中。
附图说明
本发明的实施方式在附图中示出并且在下面的描述中进行详细解释。附图示出：
图1是用于电动车或者混合动力车的能量供给系统的、一种示范性的设计方案；
图2是由蓄能器元件提供的电流的、取决于蓄能器元件的端电压的曲线；
图3是能量供给系统的另一种示范性的设计方案；
图4是直流电压转换器的一种示范性的设计方案；
图5是按本发明的能量供给系统的一种示范性的设计方案；并且
图6是按本发明的直流电压转换器的一种示范性的设计方案。
具体实施方式
下面参照图5来介绍按本发明的能量供给系统的一种示范性的设计方案。
蓄能器元件4通过直流电压转换器14通过中间电路与直流电压-交流电压-变换器8或者换流器8相连接，所述直流电压-交流电压-变换器或换流器本身与电机6、比如电动马达相连接。所述蓄能器元件4在此（与图2相类似）按充电状态的不同将变换的或者可变的端电压输出给所述直流电压转换器14，该直流电压转换器又给所述中间电路馈电。在此所述蓄能器元件4可以示范性地比如将处于150到300V的范围内的可变的电压提供给所述直流电压转换器14，而所述直流电压转换器则示范性地将400V或者其它的、由于设计引起的直流电压耦合输入到所述中间电路中，并且在此将其提供给所述变换器8。变换器8由此可以被优化到这个基本上窄小的电压及电流范围。变换器8接下来向所述电机6提供交流电压，用于使其运行。
外部的能源12、示范性地是具有三个相位L1-3以及零线N的电力网12直接地、尤其在没有中间连接的单独的充电器的情况下与所述直流电压转换器14相连接。
下面参照图6来示出按本发明的直流电压转换器的一种示范性的设计方案。
图6示出了将所述外部的能源12的三个相位L1-3直接耦合输入到所述直流电压转换器14中的情况。该直流电压转换器示范性地在取决于运行方向的情况下在正向运行或者行驶运行时构造为升压转换器（Aufwärtswandler），并且在反向运行或者充电运行时则构造为降压转换器（Abwärtswandler）或者降压转换器（Step-Down- Converter）或者降压转换器（Buck-Converter）。图6示范性地示出了一种所谓的双象限转换器，在所述双象限电压转换器的情况下在其在图6中的左边提供小于或者等于其右边的电压，其中电流可以朝两个方向流动。也能够设想4象限转换器的使用。
外部的能源在此基本上直接被连接到布置在中间电路上的相位中，但是其中所述中间电路通过开关元件S1-3从直流电压转换器14上退耦。由此，所述外部的能源12在馈入能量时基本上将直流电压转换器14“看成”降压转换器，并且通过其给所述蓄能器元件4充电。这在此代表着所述充电运行或者反向运行。
在正向运行或者行驶运行中，外部的能源12通常没有与直流电压转换器14相连接，比如充电线被拔掉，而所述开关元件S1-3处于闭合的状态中，使得所述直流电压转换器14从所述蓄能器元件4朝所述电机6的方向看代表着增压转换器运行，并且在此通过闭合的开关元件S1-3向所述中间电路提供基本上恒定的、用于所述变换器8的运行电压或者供电电压。
按本发明的直流电压转换器14的、按照图6示出的设计方案在此尤其可以视为直流电压转换器或者DC-DC-转换器的或者也是DC-DC-充电器的原理电路图。一种具体的实施方式可以根据各个组件或者整个能量供给系统的、所要求的设计方案来产生。

Claims (9)

1. 用于车辆的能量供给系统（2），具有：
电机（6）；
直流电压-交流电压-变换器（8），该直流电压-交流电压-变换器具有直流电压接头和交流电压接头以及
蓄能器元件（4）；
其中，所述蓄能器元件（4）能够连接在所述直流电压接头上并且所述电机（6）能够连接在所述交流电压接头上；
其中，所述电机（6）能够在使用在所述蓄能器元件（4）中储存的能量的情况下运行，
其特征在于，
在所述蓄能器元件（4）与所述变换器（8）之间布置直流电压转换器（14）；并且
外部的能量供给机构（12）能够耦合输入到所述直流电压转换器（14）中，用于对所述蓄能器元件（4）进行充电；
其中，在进行能量供给时所述直流电压转换器（14）能够从所述变换器（8）上退耦。
2. 按权利要求1所述的能量供给系统，还具有至少一个用于使直流电压转换器（14）和变换器（8）耦合或者退耦的开关元件（S1-3）；尤其其中，所述开关元件（S1-3）在进行外部的能量供给（12）时处于退耦的或者断开的状态中，并且所述开关元件（S1-3）在运行情况或者行驶运行中处于耦合或者闭合的状态中。
3. 按权利要求1或2所述的能量供给系统，其中，所述外部的能量供给（12）通过所述能量供给系统（2）与电力网（12）的耦合来进行。
4. 按权利要求3所述的能量供给系统，
其中，所述能量供给系统（2）被设置用于：在与外部的电力网（12）耦合时将在所述蓄能器元件（4）中储存的能量准备好，以便能够提供给所述电力网（12）。
5. 按权利要求1到4中任一项所述的能量供给系统，其中，所述外部的能量供给机构（12）构造为至少2相的；并且
其中，所述直流电压转换器（14）具有一定的相位数，它等于或者大于所述外部的能量供给机构（12）的相位数。
6. 按权利要求1到4中任一项所述的能量供给系统，其中所述直流电压转换器（14）构造为3相的，并且其中，所述外部的能量供给机构（12）被设置为3相的。
7. 按权利要求1到6中任一项所述的能量供给系统，其中，所述直流电压转换器（14）被设置用于：将所述蓄能器元件（4）的非恒定的电压转换为基本上恒定的、被提供给所述变换器（8）的电压；并且/或者所述变换器（8）被设置用于为所述电机（6）的运行提供交流电压。
8. 按权利要求1到7中任一项所述的能量供给系统，其中，在行驶运行中通过所述电机（6）来回收的能量能够被储存在所述蓄能器元件（4）中。
9. 车辆、尤其是电动车或者混合动力车，具有按前述权利要求中任一项所述的能量供给系统（2）。
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