CN105228774A - The solvent-free adhesive method of metallurgical composites - Google Patents
The solvent-free adhesive method of metallurgical composites Download PDFInfo
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- CN105228774A CN105228774A CN201480015542.4A CN201480015542A CN105228774A CN 105228774 A CN105228774 A CN 105228774A CN 201480015542 A CN201480015542 A CN 201480015542A CN 105228774 A CN105228774 A CN 105228774A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
- B22F1/102—Metallic powder coated with organic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
- B22F1/103—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material containing an organic binding agent comprising a mixture of, or obtained by reaction of, two or more components other than a solvent or a lubricating agent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
- B22F1/108—Mixtures obtained by warm mixing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0207—Using a mixture of prealloyed powders or a master alloy
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- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to the method for the metallurgical powder composition of preparation bonding, the method comprises bond vitrified agent and is mixed with metallurgical powder blend by the binding agent of this melting under basic condition of no solvent, lasts the time being enough to the metallurgical powder composition forming bonding.Also describe the metallurgical powder composition of the bonding using these methods to prepare, and the compacted powder metallurgy parts using these compositions to prepare.
Description
The cross reference of related application
This application claims the U.S. Provisional Application No.61/781 proposed on March 14th, 2013, the priority of 331, this application is all incorporated herein by reference at this.
Technical field
Present applicant proposes a kind of no-solvent process of the metallurgical powder composition for boning.
The coating of metal dust or bonding are for improving powder property and being very important for decreasing pollution in the processing procedure of mixture of powders.Be disclosed before the coating of dusty material and adhesive method.Referring to US Patent No. 2,648,609, US3,117,027, US4,731,195, US6,280,683 and US6,602,315.
Some adhesive methods use the combination of high shear force and high impressed pressure to come with polymer or wax coating powders particle.These methods cause powder agglomates, produce tablet spline structure.In additive method, powder is fluidized, and applies afterwards with the binding material dissolved in a solvent.Usually, these binding materials are in that to comprise percentage by weight be in the solution of 75%-95% solvent.After powder particle is coated, solvent must be removed-because many solvents are flammable liquids, this process is very consuming time, expensive and danger.
In US Patent No. 6,602,315 and US6,280, the coating processes described in 683 employs solvent-free " dry bonding ".These methods, in the temperature lower than melting point polymer, utilize the polymeric binder with small grain size scope to be mixed with additive by metal dust.Although the method has advantage, its scope is restricted, because require binding agent small grain size.
Still the method for the metallurgical powder composition of new preparation bonding is needed.
Brief summary of the invention
The present invention relates to the method for metallurgical powder composition for the preparation of bonding, the method is included in the temperature of fusing point binding agent being heated to above under basic condition of no solvent binding agent, lasts the time being enough to this binding agent of melting; Under basic condition of no solvent, mix binding agent and the metallurgical powder blend of this melting, last the time being enough to the metallurgical powder composition forming bonding.The present invention also comprises the metallurgical powder composition of the bonding using these methods to prepare, and the compacted powder metallurgy parts using it to prepare.
The detailed description of exemplary
The present invention proposes for boning, namely particle coating to be to manufacture the method for the improvement of the coating granule of non-agglomerated.These methods do not use solvent to manufacture the metallurgical powder composition of bonding substantially.
According to the present invention, the metallurgical powder composition of bonding can be prepared as follows: by the temperature of the melting temperature of adhesive heating to binding agent or the fusing point higher than binding agent under basic condition of no solvent, last the time being enough to this binding agent of melting.
" solvent " as herein described refers to any organic solvent, such as acetone, carrene, toluene, benzene, ethanol, hexane etc.
" substantially solvent-free " as herein described refers to that the percentage by weight of solvent in binding agent is 0% to being less than 5%.Preferred embodiment comprises the percentage by weight of solvent in binding agent and is less than 5%.Preferred embodiment comprises the percentage by weight of solvent in binding agent and is less than 2%.The embodiment be more preferably comprises the percentage by weight of solvent in binding agent and is less than 1%.In an exemplary embodiment, binding agent does not comprise the solvent be added.The amount of solvent can be determined by conventional method any in prior art.
In the method for the invention, coating material, is also referred to as " binding agent ", can be any solid polymer or wax with sharp melting point.The example being in the binding agent under description scope of the present invention includes but not limited to: stearmide, behenic acid, oleamide, polyethylene, paraffin, ethylenebisstearamide and cottonseed wax.In some embodiments of the invention, the melting when binding agent is heated to the temperature between about 50 DEG C to about 150 DEG C.In other embodiments, the melting when binding agent is heated to the temperature between about 50 DEG C to about 110 DEG C.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, binding agent is polyethylene.
Other binding agents that the present invention uses comprise, such as, and polyglycols, such as polyethylene glycol or polypropylene glycol; Glycerine; Polyvinyl alcohol; The homopolymers of vinyl acetate resin or copolymer; Cellulose esters or ether resin; Methacrylate polymers or copolymer; Alkyl resin; Polyurethane resin; Mylar; Or its combination.The example of some other useful binding agent is US5,298, and the polyoxyalkylene hydrocarbyl composition of the relative HMW described in 055.Useful binding agent also comprises binary organic acid, such as azelaic acid, and one or more polar compounds, such as US5, and 290, polyethers disclosed in 336 (liquid or solid) and acrylic resin, described document is all incorporated herein by reference at this.US5,290, the binding agent in 336 can also favourable ground as the combination of binding agent and lubricant.Other useful binding agents comprise US5,368, cellulose ester resin disclosed in 630, hydroxyalkylcellulose resins and novolac resin.
Binding agent can also be solid polymer or wax, such as polyester, polyethylene, epoxide, polyurethane, paraffin, ethylenebisstearamide and cottonseed wax, can also be mean molecule quantity lower than 3000 polyolefin.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the weight of binding agent is about 10 % by weight of the weight of the metallurgical powder composition of bonding.In other embodiments, the metallurgical powder composition of bonding of the present invention comprises the binding agent of about 0.1 % by weight to about 5.0 % by weight based on the weight of metallurgical powder composition of bonding.In other embodiments, the metallurgical powder composition of bonding of the present invention comprises the binding agent of about 0.1 % by weight to about 3.0 % by weight based on the weight of metallurgical powder composition of bonding.In other embodiments, the metallurgical powder composition of bonding of the present invention comprises the binding agent of about 0.1 % by weight to about 2.0 % by weight based on the weight of metallurgical powder composition of bonding.In other embodiments, the metallurgical powder composition of bonding of the present invention comprises the binding agent of about 0.1 % by weight to about 1.0 % by weight based on the weight of metallurgical powder composition of bonding.
According to the present invention, the binding agent of melting is applied to metallurgical powder blend under substantially solvent-free.
" metallurgical powder blend " used herein refers to the metallurgical powder comprising metal base powder.Metallurgical powder composition of the present invention preferably includes the Metal Substrate metallurgical powder of at least 80 % by weight.Preferably, metallurgical powder composition of the present invention preferably comprises the Metal Substrate metallurgical powder of at least 90 % by weight.
The preferred Metal Substrate metallurgical powder of the present invention is iron-based powder.
Substantially pure iron powder is that impurity percentage by weight is no more than 1.0%, iron powder preferably more than 0.5%.The example of the iron powder of high-compressibility like this, metallurgical grade is the straight iron powder of the ANCORSTEEL1000 series that the Hoeganaes company that can pause from New Jersey's livre buys, such as 1000,1000B, 1000C.Such as, ANCORSTEEL1000 iron powder have percentage by weight be about 22% the particle being less than No.325 sieve (US series) and percentage by weight be the particle being greater than No.100 sieve of about 10% and the typical sieve characteristic of particle that all the other (are greater than the trace of No.60 sieve) between two kinds of sizes.The apparent density of ANCORSTEEL1000 powder is about 2.85-3.00g/cm
3, typically 2.94g/cm
3.Other substantially pure iron powders that can use in the present invention are typical iron sponge powders, the ANCORMH-100 powder of such as Hoeganaes.
Metallurgical powder blend of the present invention can be pre-alloyed iron-based powder, is powder of stainless steel.These powder of stainless steel are commercially commercially available Hoeganaes
various grades in series, such as
303L, 304L, 316L, 410L, 430L, 434L and 409Cb powder.Meanwhile, iron-based powder comprises the tool steel obtained by powder metallurgy process.
Metallurgical powder blend of the present invention can also be carry out pre-alloyed substantially pure iron powder by alloying element such as such as molybdenum (Mo).With the pre-alloyed iron powder of molybdenum by the substantially pure fusant of the Mo containing percentage by weight being about 0.5 to 2.5 is carried out being atomized obtaining.The example of this powder is the ANCORSTEEL85HP comminuted steel shot of Hoeganaes, it is containing the Mo of 0.85 percentage by weight of having an appointment, altogether be less than the other materials of 0.4 percentage by weight, such as manganese, chromium, silicon, copper, nickel, molybdenum or aluminium, and be less than the carbon of 0.02 percentage by weight.Other examples containing molybdenum-iron based powders be Hoeganaes ANCORSTEEL737 powder (containing have an appointment 1.4 % by weight Ni, the Mo of about 1.25 % by weight, the Mn of about 0.4 % by weight, surplus is iron), ANCORSTEEL2000 powder (containing have an appointment 0.46 % by weight Ni, the Mo of about 0.61 % by weight, the Mn of about 0.25 % by weight, surplus is iron), ANCORSTEEL4300 powder (the Cr of about 1.0 % by weight, the Ni of about 1.0 % by weight, the Mo of about 0.8 % by weight, the Si of about 0.6 % by weight, the Mn of about 0.1 % by weight, surplus is iron) and the ANCORSTEEL4600V powder (Ni of about 1.83 % by weight, the Mo of about 0.56 % by weight, the Mn of about 0.15 % by weight, surplus is iron).US7,153, disclose the iron-based powder that other are exemplary in 339, the document is all incorporated herein by reference at this.
At US5,108, disclose the iron-based powder that other are pre-alloyed in 493, the document is all incorporated herein by reference at this.These comminuted steel shot compositions are mixtures of two kinds of different pre-alloyed iron-based powders, a kind of is the prealloy of iron of Mo containing 0.5-2.5 % by weight, another kind is the prealloy of iron of transition elements component containing carbon and at least 25 % by weight, and wherein this component comprises the element that at least one is selected from chromium, manganese, vanadium and niobium.Ratio residing for this mixture provides transition elements component at least about 0.05 % by weight to comminuted steel shot composition.The example of this type of powder is the ANCORSTEEL41AB comminuted steel shot of the commercially available such as Hoeganaes in market, and it is containing the molybdenum of 0.85 % by weight of having an appointment, nickel, the manganese of about 0.9 % by weight, the chromium of about 0.75 % by weight of about 1 % by weight, and the carbon of about 0.5 % by weight.
Metallurgical powder blend of the present invention also can be the iron-based powder of diffusion bonding, it is the particle of substantially pure iron, and the particle of described substantially pure iron has one or more and is diffused into layer or the coating that other alloying elements in its outer surface or metal such as produce steel element.The typical method manufacturing this powder is the melt of atomization iron and the annealing powder of this atomization and alloy powder is combined, and anneals afterwards in stove to this mixture of powders again.This type of commercially available powder comprises the DISTALOY4600A diffusion bonding powder bought from Hoeganaes company, its containing the nickel of 1.8% of having an appointment, the molybdenum of about 0.55% and about 1.6% copper, and comprise the DISTALY4800A diffusion bonding powder bought from Hoeganaes company, its containing the nickel of 4.05% of having an appointment, the molybdenum of about 0.55% and about 1.6% copper.
The particle of iron-based powder as used herein, such as substantially pure iron, diffusion bonding iron and pre-alloyed iron, have size distribution.Typically, these powder be at least 90 % by weight Powder samples can be sieved (US series) by No.45, preferred, the Powder samples at least about 90 % by weight can be sieved by No.60.These powder are typically had the powder sieved by No.70 of at least 50 % by weight and leave the powder exceeding or be greater than No.400 sieve, preferred, have the powder sieved by No.70 of at least 50 % by weight and leave the powder exceeding or be greater than No.325 sieve.In addition, these powder typically have at least 5 % by weight, more common at least about 10 % by weight and usually at least 15 % by weight the particle sieved by No.325.The analysis of sieve degree is see MPIF standard 05.
Therefore, metallurgical powder blend can have and littlely reach a micron or lower average particle size by weight average, or up to the average particle size of 850-1000 micron, but the average particle size of this particle is in 10-500 micrometer range usually.Preferably there is the iron of the maximum weight average granularity up to 350 microns or pre-alloyed iron particle, more preferably the particle of average particle size within the scope of about 25-150.In preferred embodiments, the typical size that metallurgical powder composition has is less than 150 microns (-100 orders), comprises, and such as, the granularity with 38% to 48% is less than the powder of the particle of 45 microns (-325 orders).
Described iron-based powder is preferably water atomized powder.The apparent density of these iron-based powders is at least 2.75g/cm
3, preferably 2.75 to 4.6g/cm
3between, more preferably 2.8 to 4.0g/cm
3between, and in some cases, more preferably 2.8 to 3.5g/cm
3between.
Corrosion-resistant metallurgical powder blend comprises one or more alloy additions, which increases engineering properties or other character of final compacting parts.Alloy addition is combined by traditional PM technique well known by persons skilled in the art and iron powder, and described technology is such as, hybrid technology, pre-alloyed technology or diffusion bonding technology.Preferably, alloy addition is combined by pre-alloyed technology and iron-based powder, such as, prepares the melt of iron and required alloying element, is then atomized this melt, and the droplet be wherein atomized solidifies rear formation powder.
Alloy addition is the alloy addition of the corrosion resistance of those known enhancing compacting parts in powder metallurgy industry, intensity, quenching degree or the performance needed for other.It is the most famous in these materials for producing steel element.The example of alloying element includes but not limited to chromium, silicon, graphite, copper, molybdenum, nickel etc., or its combination.The difference of the performance of amount needed for final metal parts of one or more involved alloying elements and different.The pre-alloyed iron powder comprising these alloying elements can obtain from Hoeganaes company, such as its ANCORSTEEL Series powder.When deployed, metallurgical powder blend comprises the alloy powder of 0.10% to about 10% of metallurgical powder blend weight.Preferably, metallurgical powder blend comprises the alloy powder of 0.20% to about 5% of metallurgical powder blend weight.
The binding agent of melting can be applied to metallurgical powder blend by any known method of the prior art.An exemplary example sprays to apply.
In some embodiments of the invention, can apply melting binding agent before or period heat this metallurgical powder blend.Such as, can apply melting binding agent before or period, this metallurgical powder blend is heated to 60 DEG C to 85 DEG C.
Once after the binding agent of melting is applied to metallurgical powder blend, the binding agent of this melting mixes under basic condition of no solvent mutually with metallurgical powder blend, lasts the time being enough to the metallurgical powder composition forming bonding of the present invention.Such as, this mixing can be carried out 1 to 5 minutes, different from the difference of the amount of binding agent.Any mixed method well known in the prior art can be used.Preferably, mixed method allows heating and mixing to occur simultaneously.This mixing can occur with low-shearing force in a mixer, and namely about 20 to about between 30rpm, or occurs with high shear force, is namely greater than 30rpm.In method of the present invention, operable mixing arrangement comprises such as drum mixer, and Ai Er Leech blender (ElrichMixer), paddle mixer, and S.How mixer, Nauta mixer and Littleford mixer.Other mixed methods, such as Wurster coating machine, also can use.
With US Patent No. 6,602,315 and US6,280, disclosed in 683, dry adhesive method is compared, and an advantage of the invention is, does not need binding agent to be any specified particle size, because this binding agent will be melted before being added to metallurgical powder.Therefore, can be of a size of thick block or the ball ball of several feet when binding agent starts.
In the method for the invention, polymer preferably melting in the container separated mutually with the mixer containing metallurgical powder.As a result, the metal dust in mixer does not need the softening point or the fusion point that are heated to injected polymer.Compared with other dry mull techniques of the prior art, the method has saved large energy.Compared with solvent bonding technique, method of the present invention is low energy consumption, because solvent evaporates, reclaims and process optional.Therefore method of the present invention is more energy-conservation and more friendly to environment.
Any melting method can use, but directly the container of heating containing polymeric material is also acceptable.
Metallurgical powder composition of the present invention can be formed various shape of product well known by persons skilled in the art, such as such as, uses billet, rod, bar, line, band, plate or sheet that conventional practice is formed.
Then, the composition of this bonding carries out compacting by conventional art well known by persons skilled in the art.Usually, the metallurgical powder composition of this bonding carries out compacting at about 5 tons/square inch (tsi).Preferably, the metallurgical powder composition of this bonding carries out compacting at about 5tsi to about 200tsi, more preferably, carries out pressure at about 30tsi to about 60tsi.The green compact obtained can be sintered.Preferably, sintering temperature is at least 2000 °F, preferably, uses at least 2200 °F (1200 DEG C), more preferably at least about the temperature of 2250 °F (1230 DEG C), even more preferably at least 2300 °F (1260 DEG C).Sintering operation can also carry out at low temperatures, such as at least 2100 °F.
The density that sintered component has usually is at least about 6.6g/cm
3, preferably at least 6.68g/cm
3, more preferably at least 7.0g/cm
3, more preferably from about 7.15g/cm
3to about 7.38g/cm
3.Still be more preferably, the density of sintered component is at least about 7.4g/cm
3.Metallurgical powder composition of the present invention is used to reach 7.50g/cm
3density.
Those skilled in the art are known can much be changed the preferred embodiments of the present invention and revise, and these change and amendment does not depart from essence of the present invention.Following embodiment will further describe metallurgical powder composition.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
Two kinds of methods are used to be mixed mutually with iron(-)base powder by polyethylene (Polywax655) binding agent.Method A is US6,602, and the method described in 315.Method B is according to method of the present invention.Subject composition contains the graphite of 0.80% as alloy powder, the ANCORSTEELA1000 iron-based powder of 98.45%, and the polyethylene of 0.75%.
For method 1A, it is 20 microns that polyethylene is milled to particle mean size, is then added in the mixer containing subject composition.Content in this mixer is heated to about 180 °F (82 DEG C).
For method 1B, polyethylene is heated to above the temperature of its fusing point and is injected in the mixer containing subject composition.Content in this mixer is heated to about 180 °F (82 DEG C).
Table 1 shows the dust-proof or bonding efficiency of the graphite of employing two kinds of bonding technologies.The composition prepared according to method 1B has the bonding efficiency of improvement.
Table 1
| Adhesive method | The graphite (%) of bonding |
| Method 1A | 84 |
| Method 1B | 95 |
Embodiment 2
Subject composition comprises the ferrophosphorus (Fe of 2.9%
3p) (particle mean size=10 micron) are as alloy powder, the iron-based powder of the ANCORSTEELA1000B of 98.45%, the polyethylene of 0.20%, the ethylenebisstearamide (particle mean size-20 microns) of 0.50%.
Subject composition for method 2A comprises ferrophosphorus (Fe3P) (particle mean size=10 micron) of 2.9% as alloy powder, the iron-based powder of the ANCORSTEELA1000B of 98.45%, and the polyethylene of 0.20%.For method 2A, polyethylene is dissolved in acetone, and according to the adhesive method based on solvent of the prior art, is combined with other components.A shortcoming of being dissolved in a solvent by binding agent is that the solubility of binding agent is limited.In addition, the amount of the binding agent of the dissolving be restricted, deficiency thinks that compacting process provides proper lubrication, so must add extra lubricant in solvent bonding mixture, such compacting process could occur.For method 2A, extra lubricant is ethylenebisstearamide (" EBS ") (particle mean size-20 microns) of 0.50%.
For method 2B, use method of the present invention polyethylene melting also to be sprayed and be applied to other components.In method 2B, subject composition does not need EBS, because the amount of binding agent can not be subject to solubility restriction.
Table 2 shows the bonding efficiency of the Fe3P of employing two kinds of bonding technologies.The composition prepared according to method 2B has the bonding efficiency of improvement.
Table 2
| Adhesive method | The graphite (%) of bonding |
| Method 2A | 80 |
| Method 2B | 97 |
Embodiment 3
In the solvent bonding method of prior art, extra lubricant adds in powder form, and this easily causes dust.If add additional lubrication agent in bonding process, some binding agents can be bonded in these extra lubricants and therefore can not binder alloy powder, such as Fe
3p.This and method of the present invention are formed and contrast, because described polymer both can also can as lubricant as binding agent.
For premix, subject composition comprise as alloy powder 0.8% graphite (particle mean size=6 micron), the ANCORSTEELA1000 iron-based powder of 98.45%, and the EBS of 0.75% (particle mean size=20 micron).This subject composition uses traditional hybrid technology to mix.
For method 3B, subject composition comprise as alloy powder 0.8% graphite (particle mean size=6 micron), the ANCORSTEELA1000 iron-based powder of 98.45%, and the polyethylene of 0.75%.Use method of the present invention, polyethylene is melted and sprays and is applied to other compositions.
The advantage of adhesive method of the present invention is that binding agent forms shallow layer in the outside of iron-based powder, then this coating is used for " clinging " any additive granules; In the present embodiment, be graphite.Because binding agent plays the effect of lubricant, the amount of the lubricant be therefore added in powder form is eliminated or greatly reduces.Owing to being limited for the surface area of particle to be bonded on iron-based powder, the number that therefore will be adhered to the particle in matrix powder is less, then bonding efficiency is better.Can referring to table 3, wherein the bonding efficiency of using method 3B is 95% (being measured by whole carbon), and relative to method 3A, its bonding efficiency is only 55%.
Table 3
| The graphite (%) of bonding | |
| Premix | 55 |
| Method 3B | 95 |
Embodiment 4
Binding agent or lubricant are very important for the impact of apparent density and flowing.Apparent density is the tolerance can filling how many powder in fixed volume, and higher value represents that the ability of filling Making mold parts is better.Flow of powder is used to fill mold cavity (fixed volume) the necessary time.Repeat to fill mould because manufacture PM parts relate to, therefore flow better (lower time), then can produce more parts within the set time, therefore improve the productivity ratio of parts manufacture process.The shape of the particle of powder particle or bonding can affect flowing and the apparent density of mixture of powders.Round shape can improve apparent density by improving particle packing, and improves mobility by reducing particle friction.
In the binding mixtures of powder, the shape of powder can be considered to the combination of matrix powder, alloy powder, lubricant and binding agent.In the method for the invention, because binding agent evenly can apply around matrix powder, therefore compared with using the bond powders of " do and bond " of the prior art method manufacture, bonded particulate of the present invention is closer to spherical.
The composition of the mixture used in the present embodiment is:
Premix: 8081 copper powders (particle mean size=20 micron) of 2.0%, graphite (particle mean size=8 micron) as 0.80% of alloy powder, the ANCORSTEELA1000B iron-based powder of 96.45% and EBS (ethylenebisstearamide) (particle mean size=20 micron) of 0.75%.
Compound for method 4A: 8081 copper powders (particle mean size=20 micron) of 2.0%, graphite (particle mean size=8 micron) as 0.80% of alloy powder, the ANCORSTEELA1000B iron-based powder of 96.45%, the polyethylene of 0.75%, polyethylene is melted according to the present invention and sprays.
Compound for method 4B: the EBS of 0.20%, 8081 copper powders (particle mean size=20 micron) of 2.0%, graphite (particle mean size=8 micron) as 0.80% of alloy powder, the ANCORSTEELA1000B iron-based powder of 96.45%, the polyethylene of 0.55%, polyethylene is melted according to the present invention and sprays, additional additionally 0.20% EBS (particle mean size=20 micron).
Compound for method 4C: 8081 copper powders (particle mean size=20 micron) of 2.0%, graphite (particle mean size=8 micron) as 0.80% of alloy powder, the ANCORSTEELA1000B iron-based powder of 96.45%, the polyethylene of 0.20%, dissolves in acetone.In addition, also have the EBS of 0.50%, particle mean size is 20 microns.Polyethylene uses the method based on solvent of the prior art to apply.
Table 4 shows mobility according to the bond powders of the present invention (method 4A and 4B) and apparent density, with the contrast of standard premix and the compound (method 4C) based on solvent.
Table 4
| Sample | Apparent density | Mobility |
| Premix | 2.99 | 40.0 |
| Method 4A | 3.68 | 28.7 |
| Method 4B | 3.57 | 30.8 |
| Method 4C | 3.29 | 31.4 |
Method 4A, has the injected polyethylene of 0.75%, makes moderate progress in apparent density (higher) and mobility (lower) than the premix of similar composition.Method 4A and 4B is better than the performance of premix or standard solvent bonding compound (method 4C).
Usually, it is very difficult in the compound of premix or solvent bonding, obtaining the apparent density being greater than 3.40g/cc.Use premix, the electrostatic force of the polymer do not bondd and the rubbing action of additive tend to have adverse effect to apparent density and mobility.Adopt solvent bonding mixture, because solubility limits the amount of binding agent, bonded particulate tends to have more irregular shape than bonded particulate prepared in accordance with the present invention.The apparent density of the raising using method of the present invention to observe and mobility can cause size Control and the weight consistency of the improvement of compacting parts.
Embodiment 5
Binding agent should have the function of lubricant.Lubricant is needed to come the compacting of parts in auxiliary mould and the demoulding and the frictional force reduced when starting and in knockout course.If binding agent as lubricant, then can reduce and carry out the necessary power of the compacting density that also acquisition is higher to parts.
In apparent density with mobility, the similar improvement of result is as shown in Figure 4 demonstrated according to the material of the present invention's bonding.
Fig. 5 shows the demoulding and slip, and it is measuring of mixture of powders demoulding feature.Ejection pressure makes to be compacted parts from mould, to move necessary pressure in the demoulding cycle.Ejection pressure is lower, then parts easier remove from mould and compacting machine need power less.Sliding pressure is that holding member shifts out mould until its complete break away from moulds fetters necessary power.As a rule, sliding pressure is lower, then parts are easier removes and surface smoothness is better from mould.
Fig. 5 shows the ejection pressure (demoulding and slip) for (30,40 and 50tsi) under three kinds of different compaction pressures.Compare with solvent bonding compound with traditional premix, the material according to the present invention's bonding shows the lower demoulding and slip.The green density of material prepared in accordance with the present invention can compared with premix, and higher than solvent bonding compound.
Table 5 shows the result of the compaction capacity of various compound.The compound used in this test is A1000+0.80% graphite+0.75% organic material." premix " refers to non-binding material.MB#1 and MB#2 is binding material prepared in accordance with the present invention, that is, binding agent dissolves and mixes with other materials under basic condition of no solvent.The binding agent used in MB#1 and MB#2 is behenic acid and ethylenebisstearamide.MB#1 has total lubricant of 0.40% from binding agent.MB#2 has also as the binding agent that lubricant uses.AB1 (Ancorbond1) uses solvent bonding method to bond, and with making comparisons.AB1 comprises organic binder bond, and it comprises polyethylene, polyglycols and ethylenebisstearamide.In test mixture, the combination of binding agent and ethylenebisstearamide is 0.75% of mixture weight.
Table 5
Embodiment 6
Illustrative methods of the present invention to be included in mixing arrangement heating of metal powder and alloy powder mixture to preselected temperature.Binding agent is melted in a separate container and is injected in mixing arrangement, and this mixture is mixed simultaneously.The bond powders obtained is cooled to room temperature.At this moment extra additive can be added.
Claims (19)
1. prepare a method for the metallurgical powder composition of bonding, the method comprises:
Bond vitrified agent under basic condition of no solvent;
With
Under basic condition of no solvent, the binding agent of melting is mixed mutually with metallurgical powder blend, last the time being enough to the metallurgical powder composition forming bonding.
2., the method for claim 1, wherein based on weight of binder, binding agent comprises the solvent being less than 5 % by weight.
3., as method according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein, based on weight of binder, binding agent comprises the solvent being less than 2 % by weight.
4. the method as described in above any one of claim, wherein binding agent does not comprise the solvent be added.
5. the method as described in above any one of claim, wherein binding agent is stearmide, behenic acid, oleamide, polyethylene, paraffin, ethylenebisstearamide, cottonseed wax, or its combination.
6. the method as described in above any one of claim, wherein melting step comprises temperature binding agent being heated to above this binding agent fusing point, lasts the time being enough to this binding agent of melting.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, wherein binding agent is heated to the temperature between about 50 DEG C ~ about 110 DEG C.
8. the method as described in above any one of claim, wherein binding agent is polyethylene.
9. the method as described in above any one of claim, wherein metallurgical powder blend comprises:
Based on the weight of mixture, at least about the metal base powder of 80 % by weight, and
At least one alloy powder.
10. method as claimed in claim 9, wherein metallurgical powder blend comprises the metal base powder of at least 90 % by weight.
11. methods as claimed in claim 9, wherein metal base powder is iron-based powder.
12. methods as claimed in claim 9, wherein metallurgical powder blend also comprises the alloy powder of 0.20 % by weight to about 5.0 % by weight of composition weight.
13. methods as described in above any one of claim, the metallurgical powder composition wherein bondd comprises the binding agent of about 0.15 % by weight to about 2.0 % by weight of composition weight.
14. methods as claimed in claim 6, wherein metallurgical powder blend is heated to the temperature between about 60 DEG C ~ about 85 DEG C.
15. methods as described in above any one of claim, wherein, before blend step, under basic condition of no solvent, by the binding agent jet metaurgy powder with melting, are applied to this powder by the binding agent of melting.
16. as claim 1 or method according to claim 6, wherein before blend step, under basic condition of no solvent, by the binding agent jet metaurgy powder with melting, the binding agent of melting is applied to this powder.
17. methods as claimed in claim 16, wherein, based on the weight of binding agent, binding agent contains the solvent being less than 2 % by weight.
The metallurgical powder composition of 18. bondings prepared by above any one of claim.
The 19. compacted powder metallurgy parts using the metallurgical powder composition of the bonding of claim 6 to prepare.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201361781331P | 2013-03-14 | 2013-03-14 | |
| US61/781,331 | 2013-03-14 | ||
| PCT/US2014/023002 WO2014159318A1 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2014-03-11 | Methods for solventless bonding of metallurgical compositions |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105228774A true CN105228774A (en) | 2016-01-06 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201480015542.4A Pending CN105228774A (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2014-03-11 | The solvent-free adhesive method of metallurgical composites |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20140271329A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2969316A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2016517475A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20150127214A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN105228774A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR112015023225A2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2906347A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2014159318A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111609172A (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2020-09-01 | 福建盛辉科技发展有限公司 | Inner valve core pipe and manufacturing method thereof |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106001540B (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2018-11-27 | 厦门金鹭特种合金有限公司 | One kind being capable of flash baking hard alloy forming agent and its spice technique |
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| US5368630A (en) | 1993-04-13 | 1994-11-29 | Hoeganaes Corporation | Metal powder compositions containing binding agents for elevated temperature compaction |
| US7153339B2 (en) | 2004-04-06 | 2006-12-26 | Hoeganaes Corporation | Powder metallurgical compositions and methods for making the same |
| US7390345B2 (en) * | 2004-07-02 | 2008-06-24 | Höganäs Ab | Powder additive |
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2014
- 2014-03-11 JP JP2016501126A patent/JP2016517475A/en active Pending
- 2014-03-11 BR BR112015023225A patent/BR112015023225A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2014-03-11 US US14/203,930 patent/US20140271329A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-03-11 CN CN201480015542.4A patent/CN105228774A/en active Pending
- 2014-03-11 EP EP14713014.0A patent/EP2969316A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-03-11 CA CA2906347A patent/CA2906347A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-03-11 WO PCT/US2014/023002 patent/WO2014159318A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-03-11 KR KR1020157028219A patent/KR20150127214A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0580681B1 (en) * | 1991-04-18 | 1997-05-07 | Höganäs Ab | Powder mixture and method for the production thereof |
| JP2003514107A (en) * | 1999-10-22 | 2003-04-15 | ヘガネス・コーポレーシヨン | Binder / lubricant containing improved metalworking composition and method of making same |
| CN1898050A (en) * | 2003-12-22 | 2007-01-17 | 霍加纳斯股份有限公司 | Iron-based powder composition comprising a combination of binder-lubricants and preparation of the powder composition |
| CN101890496A (en) * | 2004-07-02 | 2010-11-24 | 霍加纳斯股份有限公司 | Comprise the powder metallurgical composition of carbon black as flow enhancing agent |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR112015023225A2 (en) | 2017-07-18 |
| WO2014159318A1 (en) | 2014-10-02 |
| CA2906347A1 (en) | 2014-10-02 |
| EP2969316A1 (en) | 2016-01-20 |
| JP2016517475A (en) | 2016-06-16 |
| US20140271329A1 (en) | 2014-09-18 |
| KR20150127214A (en) | 2015-11-16 |
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