CN105224677A - A kind of database operation method and device - Google Patents
A kind of database operation method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105224677A CN105224677A CN201510673209.9A CN201510673209A CN105224677A CN 105224677 A CN105224677 A CN 105224677A CN 201510673209 A CN201510673209 A CN 201510673209A CN 105224677 A CN105224677 A CN 105224677A
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- G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
- G06F16/27—Replication, distribution or synchronisation of data between databases or within a distributed database system; Distributed database system architectures therefor
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Abstract
A kind of database operation method and device, described database is non-relational key value database; Described method comprises: the desirable key assignments space ratio calculating selecting system block inside, and described desirable key assignments space is than the ratio taken up room for keypad and value district actual storage data; Choose idle systems block, according to desirable key assignments space ratio, keypad and value district are divided to this idle systems block; The key assignments data Replica stored by described selecting system block is to this idle systems block; More the identification number of the block of idle systems described in meta information is the identification number of described selecting system block; By point to described selecting system block in internal memory pointed described in idle systems block; Discharge described selecting system block.Described method and device can efficiency utilization resources.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to database field, particularly relate to a kind of database operation method and device.
Background technology
Nosql (notonlysql is not only sql) is a kind of non-relational database, mainly with the storage problem solving semi-structured data and unstructured data.To the demand of database height concurrent reading and writing, relevant database can deal with the read request of up to ten thousand times per second, but can not bear the write request of up to ten thousand times per second, or the mixing request of read-write.
To the efficient storage of mass data and the demand of access, Nosql database can process the data of magnanimity, can operate on common server cluster cheap in a large number.To the High Availabitity of database and the demand of Highly Scalable, the database of relationship type is difficult to extending transversely, and Nosql database can carry out the extending transversely of performance and load capacity by increasing the data of hardware and the quantity of service node.
In the web2.0 epoch, along with the development of internet and mobile Internet thereof, Japanese TV play increases the importance of Nosql product in internet industry, in the application of Large-Scale Interconnected net, in order to tackle extensive, high Concurrency Access, mostly all introduces the product of Nosql.
But the level of resources utilization of the existing method of operating to non-relational database has much room for improvement.
Summary of the invention
The technical matters that the present invention solves is to provide a kind of database operation method of high resource utilization.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of database operation method, and described database is non-relational key value database; Described database operation method comprises:
Calculate the desirable key assignments space ratio of selecting system block inside, described desirable key assignments space is than the ratio taken up room for keypad and value district actual storage data;
Choose idle systems block, according to desirable key assignments space ratio, keypad and value district are divided to this idle systems block;
The key assignments data Replica stored by described selecting system block is to this idle systems block;
More the identification number of the block of idle systems described in meta information is the identification number of described selecting system block;
By point to described selecting system block in internal memory pointed described in idle systems block;
Discharge described selecting system block.
Optionally, described choose idle systems block before also comprise: determine that the keypad space of described selecting system block inside and the ratio in space, value district are different from described desirable key assignments space ratio.
Optionally, the data stored when described selecting system block belong to a certain business datum table, and this business datum table is when still having data of other system block to be deposited, with described desirable key assignments space than the keypad and the value district that divide described other system block, by keypad corresponding for the write of the data of described other system block to be deposited and value district.
Optionally, described database purchase is in solid state hard disc; The described key assignments data Replica described selecting system block stored is to write operation corresponding to this idle systems block, with described by write operation corresponding with value district for keypad corresponding for the write of the data of described other system block to be deposited, complete all as follows: by data temporary storage to be written in internal memory, when the described size of data being temporary in internal memory equals the size of described solid state hard disc flash block, by the flash block of solid state hard disc described in the described data write-once being temporary in internal memory.
Optionally, also comprised before the desirable key assignments space ratio of described calculating selecting system block inside: calculate selective system money as described selecting system block using fixed time interval.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of database manipulation device, described database is non-relational key value database, and described database manipulation device comprises: desirable key assignments space is than computing unit, key regions division unit, key assignments Data Movement Unit, identification number updating block, pointer updating block and releasing unit; Wherein:
Described desirable key assignments space, than computing unit, is suitable for the desirable key assignments space ratio calculating selecting system block inside, and described desirable key assignments space is than the ratio taken up room for keypad and value district actual storage data;
Described key regions division unit, is suitable for choosing idle systems block, divides keypad and value district to this idle systems block according to desirable key assignments space ratio;
The key assignments data Replica that described key assignments Data Movement Unit is suitable for described selecting system block to store is to this idle systems block;
Described identification number updating block, the identification number being suitable for the more block of idle systems described in meta information is the identification number of described selecting system block;
Described pointer updating block, be suitable for by point to described selecting system block in internal memory pointed described in idle systems block;
Described releasing unit, is suitable for discharging described selecting system block.
Optionally, described database manipulation device also comprises: business datum table storage unit, the data being suitable for storing at described selecting system block belong to a certain business datum table, and this business datum table is when still having data of other system block to be deposited, with described desirable key assignments space than the keypad and the value district that divide described other system block, by keypad corresponding for the write of the data of described other system block to be deposited and value district.
Optionally, described database purchase is in solid state hard disc; Described database manipulation device also comprises: single write data volume control module, be suitable for data temporary storage to be written in internal memory, when the described size of data being temporary in internal memory equals the size of described solid state hard disc flash block, by the flash block of solid state hard disc described in the described data write-once being temporary in internal memory.
Optionally, described database manipulation device also comprises: unit is chosen in timing, is suitable for calculating selective system block as described selecting system block using fixed time interval.
Compared with prior art, the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention has following beneficial effect:
By calculating the desirable key assignments space ratio of selecting system block inside, choose idle systems block, according to desirable key assignments space ratio, keypad and value district are divided to this idle systems block; The key assignments data Replica stored by described selecting system block is to this idle systems block; More the identification number of the block of idle systems described in meta information is the identification number of described selecting system block; By point to described selecting system block in internal memory pointed described in idle systems block; Discharge described selecting system block, the key assignments space of planning in system block can be made to compare with actual key assignments space than consistent.If because the keypad that system block inside divides is improper with the ratio in value district, the key assignments space namely divided is compared with the key assignments space of the data of actual storage than inconsistent, the keypad that there will be planning has stored full with one of them district in value district, but another district also has vacant situation, can cause the waste of storage space.Therefore make the key assignments space of planning in system block than with actual key assignments space than consistent, the resource of database can be saved, raising resource utilization.
Further, when the described key assignments data Replica stored by described selecting system block is to this idle systems block, to described selecting system block read lock, other threads normally in a replication process can carry out read operation to described selecting system block, and the end of reproduction process need not be waited for, thus the stand-by period can be reduced, and then the operating efficiency of database entirety can be promoted.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of a kind of database operation method in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of a kind of database manipulation device in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of another kind of database manipulation device in the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
As previously mentioned, in the web2.0 epoch, along with the development of internet and mobile Internet thereof, Japanese TV play increases the importance of Nosql product in internet industry, in the application of Large-Scale Interconnected net, in order to tackle extensive, high Concurrency Access, mostly all introduce the product of Nosql.But the level of resources utilization of the existing method of operating to non-relational database has much room for improvement.
Discovery is studied through inventor, in the storing process of non-relational key value database, if the ratio in the keypad that system block inside divides and value district is improper, the key assignments space namely divided is compared with the key assignments space of the data of actual storage than inconsistent, the keypad that there will be planning has stored full with one of them district in value district, but another district also has vacant situation, can cause the waste of storage space.
The embodiment of the present invention, by calculating the desirable key assignments space ratio of selecting system block inside, chooses idle systems block, divides keypad and value district to this idle systems block according to desirable key assignments space ratio; The key assignments data Replica stored by described selecting system block is to this idle systems block; More the identification number of the block of idle systems described in meta information is the identification number of described selecting system block; By point to described selecting system block in internal memory pointed described in idle systems block; Discharge described selecting system block, the key assignments space of planning in system block can be made to compare with actual key assignments space than consistent, thus save the resource of database, improve resource utilization.
For enabling above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, characteristic sum beneficial effect more becomes apparent, and is described in detail specific embodiments of the invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of a kind of database operation method in the embodiment of the present invention.
S11, calculates the desirable key assignments space ratio of selecting system block inside, and described desirable key assignments space is than the ratio taken up room for keypad and value district actual storage data.
Database (DB) is made up of N number of piece (bucket) in physical space, namely can do monoblock disk when system initialization and split.System block (HCbucket) is the concept that logic is also physics aspect.It has the storage space of oneself physically, more as a block, and the size of such as 32M or 64M.Each system block has head part to store meta data.The data field of removing meta is made up of two parts: time keypad (Keystorearea) program loads, directly can add from keypad the index setting out bucket; Value district (Valuestorearea) only stores corresponding value list (valuelist).
The index doing system block inside according to key (key) can be seen, here directly use and map map (hashmap) and search structure as index, 64 replacement response coding (hashcode) according to key navigate in index.The index of default system block inside is all downloaded and is entered in internal memory.
Can find out, the setting of key assignments area size is separately extremely important, if key assignments space ratio is set to fixed value, will cause the great wasting of resources.
Before stored in data, system block can be divided in advance keypad and value district, after stored in data, the ratio in the actual keypad taken and value district may be different from the key assignments space ratio divided in advance, and described desirable key assignments space is than being the actual ratio taken up room stored in the data of keypad.
Be understandable that, described selecting system block can be one or more system block, and the system block that a worksheet can be taken is as selecting system block, because a worksheet often corresponding identical key assignments space ratio.
In concrete enforcement, described database can also comprise system block index, described system block index association key assignments and system block; Described selecting system block can be two the described system blocks associated with same described system block index.
System block index can be included in a table (table), represents a kind of resource isolation.In a table, comprise multiple table sheet (tableslot), be mapped in the middle of each tableslot according to key, tableslot can carry system block, thus can realize associating of key assignments and system block by system block index.
Similar with most relevant database, there is the metamessage of table conveniently to inquire about and to revise.In order to keep succinct design and performance, achieving pattern freely (schemafree), if application layer oneself has needs, some easy format protocols can be designed and store, and performance not having obvious loss.
In table, carried out burst process to data, tableslot represents each burst.The one or more system block of meeting carry in each tableslot, when table is founded, can select the quantity of loading system block, be defaulted as each slot and load a system block according to initialized tableslot number.Tableslot is the unit of a logical storage, is all a necessary design for the Data Migration in future and concurrent operations.
By searching the system block index be stored in internal memory, the position that whether data exist and data exist can be judged fast, thus save retrieval time, increase system efficiency.
When described selecting system block is two the described system blocks associated with same described system block index, can arrange system block, save system space.
S12, chooses idle systems block, divides keypad and value district to this idle systems block according to desirable key assignments space ratio.
Idle systems block refers to the current system block not storing data, divides keypad and value district in advance, be convenient to the resource of this system block of maximum using to this idle systems block according to desirable key assignments space.
In concrete enforcement, before step S12, can also judge the ratio in the keypad space of described selecting system block inside and space, value district i.e. key assignments space ratio, when the key assignments space ratio of selecting system block be different from described desirable key assignments space than time, perform step S12.
S13, the key assignments data Replica stored by described selecting system block is to this idle systems block.
Because desirable key assignments is than being the ratio-dependent that takes up room according to the key assignments data stored in described selecting system block, this idle systems block divides keypad and value Qu Shishi in advance according to desirable key assignments than division, thus the key assignments data Replica stored by described selecting system block is to this idle systems block, the ratio match that the key assignments ratio that divides in advance and actual storage key assignments data are taken up space, avoids the wasting of resources of storage space.
In concrete enforcement, when the described key assignments data Replica stored by described selecting system block is to this idle systems block, to described selecting system block read lock, other threads normally in a replication process can carry out read operation to described selecting system block, and the end of reproduction process need not be waited for, thus the stand-by period can be reduced, and then the operating efficiency of database entirety can be promoted.
S14, more the identification number of the block of idle systems described in meta information is the identification number of described selecting system block.
Namely metamessage is that head part stores meta data, the identification number of described idle systems block is updated to the identification number of described selecting system block, described idle systems block can be utilized to replace described selecting system block.
S15, by point to described selecting system block in internal memory pointed described in idle systems block.
By point to described selecting system block in internal memory pointed described in after idle systems block, described idle systems block, concerning storage system, substitutes described selecting system block.
In concrete enforcement, described by point to described selecting system block in internal memory pointed described in idle systems block time, to described selecting system block read-write locking.Only carry out read-write locking in the moment of pointer swap, substantially reduce the impact on concurrent read operation.
S16, discharges described selecting system block.
After discharging described selecting system block, concerning Database Systems, obtain more storage resources.
In concrete enforcement, the data stored when described selecting system block belong to a certain business datum table, and this business datum table is when still having data of other system block to be deposited, with described desirable key assignments space than the keypad and the value district that divide described other system block, by keypad corresponding for the write of the data of described other system block to be deposited and value district.
That is, in hard-disc storage reallocation, the allocation of space after the situation that system can use according to key and value adjusts.Future is predicted exactly according to history.Because key and value is stored together in this law inventive embodiments Database Systems, the problem of allocated size and ratio can be there is, under this mechanism, the distribution of the adaptive adjustment physical store of meeting, reach optimum use hard drive space, reduce the object of hard disk fragment.
In concrete enforcement, described database can be stored in solid state hard disc; The described key assignments data Replica described selecting system block stored is to write operation corresponding to this idle systems block, with described by write operation corresponding with value district for keypad corresponding for the write of the data of described other system block to be deposited, complete all as follows: by data temporary storage to be written in internal memory, when the described size of data being temporary in internal memory equals the size of described solid state hard disc flash block, by the flash block of solid state hard disc described in the described data write-once being temporary in internal memory.
The solid state hard disc (SSD) of current main flow, the storage particle of use is NANDFLASH, and the assembly primarily of following several key forms:
Protocol conversion layer (optional), mainly the read and write access request that disk read-write protocol conversion is for NANDFLASH;
FLASH chip key-course is the most important part of whole SSD, directly determines SSD all.In having some to realize, need SDRAM to do buffer memory support, and have oneself independently CPU;
NANDFLASH chip, the place of deposit data.
Because solid state hard disc can not carry out original place renewal, therefore need to carry out more new data by the mode of erasing+write.And SSD write performance ratio is read performance and at least fallen an order of magnitude, therefore in extreme circumstances, the insertion of every secondary data is all the temporal summation of erasing+write, and retardation ratio list is write increases nearly order of magnitude.In write enlargement factor=flash memory, the data volume/user of actual write asks the data volume write.
By data temporary storage to be written in internal memory, when the described size of data being temporary in internal memory equals the size of described solid state hard disc flash block, by the flash block of solid state hard disc described in the described data write-once being temporary in internal memory.According to the physical characteristics of solid state hard disc, because its minimum read-write unit is block, according to the block size of ssd, complete write after carrying out address align.The data and going can not crossing over different hard disk block because of small amount of data or some cause extra writes amplification.
Can find out, step S11 to S16 can be the process that system database arranges, and by the arrangement to system database, can promote the level of resources utilization of Database Systems.
In concrete enforcement, database positioning can also be judged before step S11, to confirm that described database is in non-busy state.When judging that described database is in non-busy state, database is arranged, can the system resource in equalization data storehouse, reduce arrangement process to the impact of the efficiency of data base read-write.
In concrete enforcement, also calculate selective system money as described selecting system block using fixed time interval, namely can preset regular time point and database is arranged.
The embodiment of the present invention, by calculating the desirable key assignments space ratio of selecting system block inside, chooses idle systems block, divides keypad and value district to this idle systems block according to desirable key assignments space ratio; The key assignments data Replica stored by described selecting system block is to this idle systems block; More the identification number of the block of idle systems described in meta information is the identification number of described selecting system block; By point to described selecting system block in internal memory pointed described in idle systems block; Discharge described selecting system block, the key assignments space of planning in system block can be made to compare with actual key assignments space than consistent.If because the keypad that system block inside divides is improper with the ratio in value district, the key assignments space namely divided is compared with the key assignments space of the data of actual storage than inconsistent, the keypad that there will be planning has stored full with one of them district in value district, but another district also has vacant situation, can cause the waste of storage space.Therefore make the key assignments space of planning in system block than with actual key assignments space than consistent, the resource of database can be saved, raising resource utilization.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of database manipulation device, and structural representation as shown in Figure 2.
Database in the embodiment of the present invention is non-relational key value database, described database manipulation device comprises: desirable key assignments space than computing unit 21, key regions division unit 22, key assignments Data Movement Unit 23, identification number updating block 24, pointer updating block 25 and releasing unit 26, wherein:
Described desirable key assignments space, than computing unit 21, is suitable for the desirable key assignments space ratio calculating selecting system block B1 inside, and described desirable key assignments space is than the ratio taken up room for keypad and value district actual storage data;
Described key regions division unit 22, is suitable for choosing idle systems block B2, divides keypad and value district to this idle systems block B2 according to desirable key assignments space ratio;
The key assignments data Replica that described key assignments Data Movement Unit 23 is suitable for described selecting system block B1 to store is to this idle systems block B2;
Described identification number updating block 24, the identification number being suitable for the more block of idle systems described in meta information B2 is the identification number of described selecting system block B1;
Described pointer updating block 25, be suitable for by point to described selecting system block B1 in internal memory pointed described in idle systems block B2;
Described releasing unit 26, is suitable for discharging described selecting system block B1.
In concrete enforcement, database manipulation device can also comprise: comparing unit 27 (see Fig. 3), is suitable for determining that the keypad space of described selecting system block inside and the ratio in space, value district are different from described desirable key assignments space ratio.
In concrete enforcement, database manipulation device can also comprise: read lock unit 28 (see Fig. 3), is suitable for when the described key assignments data Replica stored by described selecting system block is to this idle systems block, to described selecting system block read lock.
In concrete enforcement, database manipulation device can also comprise: Read-Write Locks cell 29 (see Fig. 3), be suitable for described by point to described selecting system block in internal memory pointed described in idle systems block time, to described selecting system block read-write locking.
In concrete enforcement, database manipulation device can also comprise: business datum table storage unit, the data being suitable for storing at described selecting system block belong to a certain business datum table, and this business datum table is when still having data of other system block to be deposited, with described desirable key assignments space than the keypad and the value district that divide described other system block, by keypad corresponding for the write of the data of described other system block to be deposited and value district.
In concrete enforcement, described database can be stored in solid state hard disc; Described database manipulation device also comprises: single write data volume control module, be suitable for data temporary storage to be written in internal memory, when the described size of data being temporary in internal memory equals the size of described solid state hard disc flash block, by the flash block of solid state hard disc described in the described data write-once being temporary in internal memory.
In concrete enforcement, database manipulation device can also comprise: system block indexing units, is suitable for association key assignments and system block; Described selecting system block is two the described system blocks associated with same described system block index.
In concrete enforcement, database manipulation device can also comprise: database positioning judging unit, is suitable for judging database positioning, confirms that described database is in non-busy state.
In concrete enforcement, database manipulation device can also comprise: unit is chosen in timing, is suitable for calculating selective system block as described selecting system block using fixed time interval.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of step in the various methods of above-described embodiment is that the hardware that can carry out instruction relevant by program has come, this program can be stored in a computer-readable recording medium, and storage medium can comprise: ROM, RAM, disk or CD etc.
Although the present invention discloses as above, the present invention is not defined in this.Any those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, all can make various changes or modifications, and therefore protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with claim limited range.
Claims (9)
1. a database operation method, is characterized in that, described database is non-relational key value database;
Described database operation method comprises:
Calculate the desirable key assignments space ratio of selecting system block inside, described desirable key assignments space is than the ratio taken up room for keypad and value district actual storage data;
Choose idle systems block, according to desirable key assignments space ratio, keypad and value district are divided to this idle systems block;
The key assignments data Replica stored by described selecting system block is to this idle systems block;
More the identification number of the block of idle systems described in meta information is the identification number of described selecting system block;
By point to described selecting system block in internal memory pointed described in idle systems block;
Discharge described selecting system block.
2. database operation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described choose idle systems block before also comprise: determine that the keypad space of described selecting system block inside and the ratio in space, value district are different from described desirable key assignments space ratio.
3. database operation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the data stored when described selecting system block belong to a certain business datum table, and this business datum table is when still having data of other system block to be deposited, with described desirable key assignments space than the keypad and the value district that divide described other system block, by keypad corresponding for the write of the data of described other system block to be deposited and value district.
4. database operation method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described database purchase is in solid state hard disc; The described key assignments data Replica described selecting system block stored is to write operation corresponding to this idle systems block, with described by write operation corresponding with value district for keypad corresponding for the write of the data of described other system block to be deposited, complete all as follows: by data temporary storage to be written in internal memory, when the described size of data being temporary in internal memory equals the size of described solid state hard disc flash block, by the flash block of solid state hard disc described in the described data write-once being temporary in internal memory.
5. database operation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises before the desirable key assignments space ratio of described calculating selecting system block inside: calculate selective system money as described selecting system block using fixed time interval.
6. a database manipulation device, it is characterized in that, described database is non-relational key value database, and described database manipulation device comprises: desirable key assignments space is than computing unit, key regions division unit, key assignments Data Movement Unit, identification number updating block, pointer updating block and releasing unit; Wherein:
Described desirable key assignments space, than computing unit, is suitable for the desirable key assignments space ratio calculating selecting system block inside, and described desirable key assignments space is than the ratio taken up room for keypad and value district actual storage data;
Described key regions division unit, is suitable for choosing idle systems block, divides keypad and value district to this idle systems block according to desirable key assignments space ratio;
The key assignments data Replica that described key assignments Data Movement Unit is suitable for described selecting system block to store is to this idle systems block;
Described identification number updating block, the identification number being suitable for the more block of idle systems described in meta information is the identification number of described selecting system block;
Described pointer updating block, be suitable for by point to described selecting system block in internal memory pointed described in idle systems block;
Described releasing unit, is suitable for discharging described selecting system block.
7. database manipulation device according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, also comprise: business datum table storage unit, the data being suitable for storing at described selecting system block belong to a certain business datum table, and this business datum table is when still having data of other system block to be deposited, with described desirable key assignments space than the keypad and the value district that divide described other system block, by keypad corresponding for the write of the data of described other system block to be deposited and value district.
8. database manipulation device according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described database purchase is in solid state hard disc; Described database manipulation device also comprises: single write data volume control module, be suitable for data temporary storage to be written in internal memory, when the described size of data being temporary in internal memory equals the size of described solid state hard disc flash block, by the flash block of solid state hard disc described in the described data write-once being temporary in internal memory.
9. database manipulation device according to claim 6, is characterized in that, also comprise: unit is chosen in timing, is suitable for calculating selective system block as described selecting system block using fixed time interval.
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| WO2020000734A1 (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2020-01-02 | 平安科技（深圳）有限公司 | Space management method and apparatus for storage object, and computer apparatus and storage medium |
| CN110008202A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-07-12 | 北京搜狐新媒体信息技术有限公司 | A kind of model dispositions method and system reducing EMS memory occupation |
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