CN105222865A - Turbo flow meter on-line monitoring method and device - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种涡轮流量计在线监控方法及装置。本发明在被检涡轮流量计两侧设置有温度变送器和压力变送器，同时被检涡轮流量计的进出口由差压变送器监控其压力变化；经汇管后选择各自对应的标准涡轮流量计，然后经流量调节阀与风机进口连接，风机出口作为出气口直通大气本发明可以自动实现检定校准监控等流程控制、温压数据采集、阀门开关控制、流量调节、数据处理以及报表生成等功能，可以快速提供准确稳定的监测结果、人机界面友好，监控过程简便高效。
The invention relates to an on-line monitoring method and device of a turbine flowmeter. In the present invention, temperature transmitters and pressure transmitters are arranged on both sides of the tested turbine flowmeter, and the pressure changes of the inlet and outlet of the tested turbine flowmeter are monitored by differential pressure transmitters; The standard turbine flowmeter is then connected to the inlet of the fan through the flow regulating valve, and the outlet of the fan is directly connected to the atmosphere as the outlet. This invention can automatically realize process control such as verification, calibration and monitoring, temperature and pressure data collection, valve switch control, flow adjustment, data processing and reporting. Generation and other functions can quickly provide accurate and stable monitoring results, friendly man-machine interface, and the monitoring process is simple and efficient.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明属于流量仪表检定技术领域，涉及一种涡轮流量计在线监控方法及装置。 The invention belongs to the technical field of flow meter verification, and relates to an on-line monitoring method and device for a turbine flow meter.
背景技术 Background technique
在天然气气体测量仪表中，涡轮流量计在天然气精确计量和贸易、工业生产过程控制、监控、测量中起着至关重要的作用。如果涡轮流量计在运行中突发故障，就会带来极大的安全风险和经济损失。此外涡轮流量计的测量信号受到多种参数的影响，如若在使用中不予足够的重视就会严重影响测量精度。因此，加强对涡轮流量计的实时监控和故障检修就具有极其重要的意义。目前，对涡轮流量计故障的预防主要是通过定点定时的检定维护来实现的，检定维护成本较高，且效果并不理想，同时若不能及时发现问题，随着时间的延续，气量损失累积会越来越多，追缴气费的难度也会越来越大。在这一情况下，涡轮流量计在线监控的方案就受到了广泛的重视。 Among natural gas measuring instruments, turbine flowmeters play a vital role in the precise measurement and trade of natural gas, industrial production process control, monitoring, and measurement. If the turbine flowmeter fails suddenly during operation, it will bring great safety risks and economic losses. In addition, the measurement signal of the turbine flowmeter is affected by various parameters, if not enough attention is paid in use, the measurement accuracy will be seriously affected. Therefore, it is of great significance to strengthen the real-time monitoring and troubleshooting of turbine flowmeters. At present, the prevention of turbine flowmeter failures is mainly achieved through fixed-point and regular verification maintenance. The cost of verification and maintenance is high, and the effect is not ideal. More and more, it will be more and more difficult to recover gas fees. In this case, the scheme of online monitoring of turbine flowmeter has received extensive attention.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明针对现有技术的不足，提供了一种涡轮流量计在线监控方法及装置。 Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the invention provides an on-line monitoring method and device for a turbine flowmeter.
本发明解决技术问题所采取的技术方案为： The technical scheme that the present invention solves technical problem to take is:
本发明包括风机、流量调节阀、标准涡轮流量计、第一汇管和第二汇管。 The invention includes a fan, a flow regulating valve, a standard turbine flowmeter, a first manifold and a second manifold.
第一前直管道通过法兰与大口径被检涡轮流量计进口连接，此前第一直管道上安装主压力变送器，大口径被检涡轮流量计的出口通过法兰与第一后直管道连接，在第一前直管道上距离大口径被检涡轮流量计进口端1DN的距离钻一取压孔通过软管连接第一差压变送器高压端，在第一后直管道上距离大口径被检涡轮流量计出口端1DN的距离钻一取压孔通过软管连接第一差压变送器低压端，此后第一直管道安装主温度变送器，后直管道出口通过法兰与主手动阀进口连接。 The first front straight pipeline is connected to the inlet of the large-caliber tested turbine flowmeter through a flange. Before that, the main pressure transmitter is installed on the first straight pipeline, and the outlet of the large-caliber tested turbine flowmeter is connected to the first rear straight pipeline through the flange. To connect, drill a pressure hole at a distance of 1DN from the inlet port of the large-diameter turbine flowmeter to be tested on the first straight pipeline, and connect the high-pressure end of the first differential pressure transmitter through a hose, and the distance on the first rear straight pipeline is large. Drill a pressure hole at a distance of 1DN from the outlet end of the turbine flowmeter to be tested and connect the low-pressure end of the first differential pressure transmitter through a hose. Main manual valve inlet connection.
主手动阀出口通过变径法兰与第一汇管进口连接，第一汇管的出口连接两个支路，分别为第一支路和第二支路；第一支路和第二支路结构相同，均包括标准涡轮流量计、从手动阀、从温度变送器和从压力变送器；其中标准涡轮流量计进口与第一汇管出口连接；从压力变送器设置在标准涡轮流量计与第一汇管出口连接的管道之间；标准涡轮流量计出口通过手动阀与第二汇管进口连接，从温度变送器设置在标准涡轮流量计与第二汇管进口连接的管道之间。 The outlet of the main manual valve is connected to the inlet of the first header through a variable diameter flange, and the outlet of the first header is connected to two branches, namely the first branch and the second branch; the first branch and the second branch The structure is the same, including standard turbine flowmeter, secondary manual valve, secondary temperature transmitter and secondary pressure transmitter; the inlet of the standard turbine flowmeter is connected to the outlet of the first manifold; the secondary pressure transmitter is set at the standard turbine flow rate between the pipe connecting the meter and the outlet of the first header; the outlet of the standard turbine flowmeter is connected to the inlet of the second header through a manual valve, and the temperature transmitter is set between the pipe connecting the standard turbine flowmeter and the inlet of the second header between.
第二汇管出口与流量调节阀进口连接，流量调节阀出口通过硬质软管与风机进口连接，风机出口作为出气口直通大气。 The outlet of the second manifold is connected to the inlet of the flow regulating valve, the outlet of the flow regulating valve is connected to the inlet of the fan through a hard hose, and the outlet of the fan is used as an air outlet to directly lead to the atmosphere.
利用上述装置进行涡轮流量计在线监控的方法： The method of using the above-mentioned device for online monitoring of the turbine flowmeter:
首先根据设定的流量点选取被检涡轮流量计通道，然后打开相应通道的开关阀，其他标准涡轮流量计通道阀门默认处于关闭状态，设置流量调节阀开度，启动变频器控制高压变频风机进行流量调节，气体从第一前直管道入口进入，依次通过被检涡轮流量计、主手动阀、第一汇管、标准涡轮流量计、第二汇管、流量调节阀、最后从风机排出。 First, select the channel of the turbine flowmeter to be tested according to the set flow point, and then open the on-off valve of the corresponding channel. The valves of other standard turbine flowmeter channels are closed by default. Set the opening of the flow regulating valve and start the frequency converter to control the high-voltage frequency conversion fan. Flow adjustment, the gas enters from the inlet of the first front straight pipe, passes through the tested turbine flowmeter, the main manual valve, the first manifold, the standard turbine flowmeter, the second manifold, the flow regulating valve, and finally discharges from the fan.
待标准涡轮流量计流量稳定于设定流量点后开始计时，同时进行脉冲计数，与此同时被检涡轮流量计也采用同步脉冲计数法进行脉冲计数并监测计时，由于涡轮流量计单位体积流量脉冲数恒定，根据单位时间内脉冲数计算出被检涡轮流量计的瞬时流量。检定或校准时段结束后关闭管路系统，通过被检涡轮流量计与标准涡轮流量计脉冲数计算出各自的体积流量，读取并记录压力变送器、温度变送器以及差压变速器当前数据，同时结合每台涡轮流量计的基本参数依据差压流量模型拟合曲线及公式计算出瞬时流量，与之比较后得出被检涡轮流量计的计量性能。 After the flow rate of the standard turbine flowmeter is stabilized at the set flow point, the timing starts, and pulse counting is performed at the same time. At the same time, the turbine flowmeter under test also uses the synchronous pulse counting method to perform pulse counting and monitor the timing. The number is constant, and the instantaneous flow rate of the tested turbine flowmeter is calculated according to the number of pulses per unit time. After the verification or calibration period is over, the pipeline system is closed, the respective volume flows are calculated through the pulse numbers of the tested turbine flowmeter and the standard turbine flowmeter, and the current data of the pressure transmitter, temperature transmitter and differential pressure transmitter are read and recorded At the same time, combined with the basic parameters of each turbine flowmeter, the instantaneous flow rate is calculated according to the differential pressure flow model fitting curve and formula, and the measurement performance of the tested turbine flowmeter is obtained after comparison.
本发明的有益效果在于：本发明可以自动实现检定校准监控等流程控制、温压数据采集、阀门开关控制、流量调节、数据处理以及报表生成等功能，可以快速提供准确稳定的监测结果、人机界面友好，监控过程简便高效。 The beneficial effect of the present invention is that: the present invention can automatically realize functions such as process control such as calibration and monitoring, temperature and pressure data collection, valve switch control, flow adjustment, data processing and report generation, etc., and can quickly provide accurate and stable monitoring results, man-machine Friendly interface, easy and efficient monitoring process.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为本发明的装置结构部分示意图。 Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the device structure of the present invention.
图2为本发明的装置结构示意图。 Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the device of the present invention.
图3为本发明数据采集控制系统图。 Fig. 3 is a diagram of the data acquisition control system of the present invention.
具体实施方式 detailed description
本实施例主要由涡轮流量计在线测量系统（重要部件包括压力变送器1、被检涡轮流量计2、差压变送器3和温度变送器4）、数据采集控制系统5、监控系统6这三部分所组成（见图1）。以DN80被检涡轮流量计为例，如图1所示，左下方为进气方向，前直管道上安装压力变送器1，前直管道出口通过法兰与被检涡轮流量计2连接，在被检涡轮流量计2进出口端连接一差压变速器3，被检涡轮流量计2的出口通过法兰与后直管道连接，后直管道上安装温度变送器4。将压力变送器1、被检涡轮流量计2、差压变速器3和温度变送器4输出的各个信号线连接到数据采集系统5上，数据采集系统5通过485通信模块与计算机连接。 This embodiment mainly consists of a turbine flowmeter online measurement system (important components include a pressure transmitter 1, a tested turbine flowmeter 2, a differential pressure transmitter 3 and a temperature transmitter 4), a data acquisition control system 5, and a monitoring system 6 consists of three parts (see Figure 1). Take the DN80 tested turbine flowmeter as an example, as shown in Figure 1, the lower left is the air intake direction, the pressure transmitter 1 is installed on the front straight pipe, and the outlet of the front straight pipe is connected to the tested turbine flowmeter 2 through a flange. A differential pressure transmission 3 is connected to the inlet and outlet of the tested turbine flowmeter 2, and the outlet of the tested turbine flowmeter 2 is connected to the rear straight pipeline through a flange, and a temperature transmitter 4 is installed on the rear straight pipeline. Connect the signal lines output by the pressure transmitter 1, the tested turbine flowmeter 2, the differential pressure transmitter 3 and the temperature transmitter 4 to the data acquisition system 5, and the data acquisition system 5 is connected to the computer through the 485 communication module.
在规定的监控数据采集时间T内，就差压变送器3测量被检涡轮流量计2的前后压力变化与流量计流量变化及仪表精度分析研究，将测得的差压与同一时间内脉冲数计算出被检涡轮流量计2的瞬时流量拟合成差压流量曲线，并存入数据库中。同时选择保存不同时间段监测计时内的差压流量曲线图，在当前的监控时间里调用前后时间段的差压流量曲线进行比对，分析被检涡轮流量计2是否在一定的合理使用范围。并由测得的差压、温度、压力数据及每台涡轮流量计的基本参数依据此流量计得出的差压流量曲线计算出被检涡轮流量计2的瞬时流量，再与此流量计同一时间内脉冲数计算出被检涡轮流量计2的瞬时流量比对，判定流量计是否始终在流量范围内、是否异常或跳变。 Within the specified monitoring data collection time T, the differential pressure transmitter 3 measures the pressure change before and after the tested turbine flowmeter 2, the flow rate change of the flowmeter, and the analysis and research of the instrument accuracy. The measured differential pressure and the pulse at the same time Calculate the instantaneous flow rate of the tested turbine flowmeter 2 to fit the differential pressure flow curve, and store it in the database. At the same time, choose to save the differential pressure and flow curves in different time periods of the monitoring time, and compare the differential pressure and flow curves of the time periods before and after the current monitoring time to analyze whether the tested turbine flowmeter 2 is within a certain reasonable range of use. And from the measured differential pressure, temperature, pressure data and the basic parameters of each turbine flowmeter, calculate the instantaneous flow rate of the tested turbine flowmeter 2 based on the differential pressure flow curve obtained by this flowmeter, and then use the same flowmeter with this flowmeter Calculate the instantaneous flow rate comparison of the tested turbine flowmeter 2 by calculating the number of pulses within the time period, and determine whether the flowmeter is always within the flow range, whether it is abnormal or jumps.
另外监控系统通过运行状态好坏的评定标准实时监测被检涡轮流量计2的压损损耗是否超出正常合理范围值，并及时分析和排除故障原因。又由于贸易结算使用标况体积流量，而对于涡轮流量计的智能体积修正仪更加依赖温度压力传感器测量稳定性，所以在压力工况状态和温度工况状态评估温度、压力、差压变送器的测量稳定性非常重要。故此同时针对压力、温度、差压数据进行采集监测和分析，随时了解被检涡轮流量计的运行状况，及时判定被检涡轮流量计2运行状态的好坏并准确评估温度、压力、差压变送器的测量稳定性。 In addition, the monitoring system monitors in real time whether the pressure loss of the tested turbine flowmeter 2 exceeds the normal and reasonable range through the evaluation standard of the operating state, and analyzes and eliminates the cause of the failure in time. And because the trade settlement uses standard volume flow, and the intelligent volume corrector for the turbine flowmeter is more dependent on the stability of the temperature and pressure sensor measurement, so the temperature, pressure, and differential pressure transmitters are evaluated in the pressure and temperature conditions. The measurement stability is very important. Therefore, at the same time, the data of pressure, temperature and differential pressure are collected, monitored and analyzed, so as to keep abreast of the operation status of the tested turbine flowmeter, timely determine whether the operation status of the tested turbine flowmeter 2 is good or not, and accurately evaluate temperature, pressure and differential pressure changes. transmitter measurement stability.
由此可见涡轮流量计在线监控装置能够收集监控对象的数据，对气体测量系统中的气体实行数据化的分析和处理，然后再将分析处理结果通过RS-485转换模块连接到监控系统的串口上，为技术人员提供详细的运行情况资料，从而达到对涡轮流量计实行在线监控并能够及时发现隐患的目的。 It can be seen that the online monitoring device of the turbine flowmeter can collect the data of the monitoring object, perform data analysis and processing on the gas in the gas measurement system, and then connect the analysis and processing results to the serial port of the monitoring system through the RS-485 conversion module , to provide technical personnel with detailed operating information, so as to achieve the purpose of online monitoring of turbine flowmeters and timely detection of hidden dangers.
涡轮流量计在线测量系统，包括风机、变频器、流量调节阀、手动阀、标准涡轮流量计、被检涡轮流量计、前直管道、后直管道、汇管、压力变送器、差压变送器、温度变送器组成（见图2）。 Turbine flowmeter online measurement system, including fan, frequency converter, flow control valve, manual valve, standard turbine flowmeter, tested turbine flowmeter, front straight pipe, rear straight pipe, manifold, pressure transmitter, differential pressure transmitter Transmitter, temperature transmitter (see Figure 2).
前直管道通过法兰与大口径被检涡轮流量计(DN80或DN100)进口连接，此前直管道上安装压力变送器，大口径被检涡轮流量计的出口通过法兰与后直管道连接，在前直管道上距离大口径被检涡轮流量计进口端1DN的距离钻一取压孔通过软管连接差压变送器高压端，在后直管道上距离大口径被检涡轮流量计出口端1DN的距离钻一取压孔通过软管连接差压变送器低压端，此后直管道安装温度变送器，后直管道出口通过法兰与手动阀进口连接，手动阀出口通过变径法兰与第一汇管进口连接，第一汇管的出口连接两个支路，分别为第一支路和第二支路，第一、第二支路皆是第一汇管出口通过法兰与前直管道连接，前直管道上安装压力变送器，前直管道出口通过法兰与标准涡轮流量计(DN50)进口连接，标准涡轮流量计出口通过法兰与后直管道连接，后直管道上安装温度变送器，后直管道出口通过法兰与手动阀进口连接，手动阀出口通过法兰与第二汇管进口连接，第二汇管出口通过法兰与流量调节阀进口连接，流量调节阀出口通过硬质软管与风机进口连接，风机出口作为出气口直通大气，此外电源经过变频器接到风机电机上。 The front straight pipeline is connected to the inlet of the large-caliber tested turbine flowmeter (DN80 or DN100) through a flange, and the pressure transmitter is installed on the front straight pipeline, and the outlet of the large-caliber tested turbine flowmeter is connected to the rear straight pipeline through a flange. Drill a pressure hole on the front straight pipeline at a distance of 1DN from the inlet of the large-diameter turbine flowmeter to be tested and connect it to the high-pressure end of the differential pressure transmitter through a hose. Drill a pressure hole at a distance of 1DN and connect the low-pressure end of the differential pressure transmitter through a hose, then install the temperature transmitter on the straight pipe, and connect the outlet of the rear straight pipe to the inlet of the manual valve through a flange, and the outlet of the manual valve through a variable-diameter flange It is connected to the inlet of the first header, and the outlet of the first header is connected to two branches, which are the first branch and the second branch respectively. The first and second branches are both the outlet of the first header through the flange and the The front straight pipe is connected, the pressure transmitter is installed on the front straight pipe, the outlet of the front straight pipe is connected to the inlet of the standard turbine flowmeter (DN50) through the flange, the outlet of the standard turbine flowmeter is connected to the rear straight pipe through the flange, and the rear straight pipe The temperature transmitter is installed on the top, the outlet of the rear straight pipe is connected to the inlet of the manual valve through the flange, the outlet of the manual valve is connected to the inlet of the second header through the flange, the outlet of the second header is connected to the inlet of the flow regulating valve through the flange, and the flow rate The outlet of the regulating valve is connected to the inlet of the fan through a hard hose, and the outlet of the fan is used as an air outlet to directly lead to the atmosphere. In addition, the power supply is connected to the fan motor through a frequency converter.
其中第一支路与第二支路中间支路为第三支路，此支路为小口径被检涡轮流量计（DN50）测试装置，手动阀进口与大气连通，手动阀出口通过法兰与前直管道连接，前直管道上安装压力变送器，前直管道出口通过法兰与小口径被检涡轮流量计进口连接，小口径被检涡轮流量计的出口通过法兰与后直管道连接，在前直管道上距离小口径被检涡轮流量计进口端1DN的距离钻一取压孔通过软管连接差压变送器高压端，在后直管道上距离小口径被检涡轮流量计出口端1DN的距离钻一取压孔通过软管连接差压变送器低压端，此后直管道安装温度变送器，后直管道出口通过法兰与第一汇管连接。 Among them, the middle branch between the first branch and the second branch is the third branch. This branch is the test device of the small-caliber turbine flowmeter (DN50) under test. The inlet of the manual valve is connected to the atmosphere, and the outlet of the manual valve is connected to the air through the flange. The front straight pipe is connected, and the pressure transmitter is installed on the front straight pipe. The outlet of the front straight pipe is connected to the inlet of the small-caliber tested turbine flowmeter through the flange, and the outlet of the small-caliber tested turbine flowmeter is connected to the rear straight pipe through the flange. Drill a pressure hole on the front straight pipeline at a distance of 1DN from the inlet of the small-caliber turbine flowmeter to be tested and connect it to the high-pressure end of the differential pressure transmitter through a hose. Drill a pressure hole at a distance of 1DN from the end to connect the low-pressure end of the differential pressure transmitter through a hose, then install the temperature transmitter in the straight pipe, and connect the outlet of the straight pipe to the first header through a flange.
由被检涡轮流量计的口径选择，选择是否打开第三支路手动阀，由此选择测试管段与进气口。同时根据被检涡轮流量计的测量流量范围，选择打开第一支路或第二支路的手动阀，选择合适的开度点，让气体流经被检涡轮流量计和标准涡轮流量计，由数据采集系统采集并记录被检涡轮流量计、标准涡轮流量计脉冲信号，计算瞬时流量和累积流量，同时采集并记录压力变送器压力信号、温度变送器温度信号、差压变送器差压信号，其中温度变送器、压力变送器采集的数据，用来涡轮流量计的温压补偿和与差压变送器采集的数据通过差压流量模型计算被检涡轮流量计的瞬时流量。 Select the caliber of the turbine flowmeter to be tested, and choose whether to open the third branch manual valve, so as to select the test pipe section and air inlet. At the same time, according to the measurement flow range of the tested turbine flowmeter, choose to open the manual valve of the first branch or the second branch, choose the appropriate opening point, let the gas flow through the tested turbine flowmeter and the standard turbine flowmeter, by The data acquisition system collects and records the pulse signals of the tested turbine flowmeter and the standard turbine flowmeter, calculates the instantaneous flow and cumulative flow, and simultaneously collects and records the pressure signal of the pressure transmitter, the temperature signal of the temperature transmitter, and the differential pressure of the differential pressure transmitter. The data collected by the temperature transmitter and the pressure transmitter are used for the temperature and pressure compensation of the turbine flowmeter and the data collected by the differential pressure transmitter to calculate the instantaneous flow rate of the turbine flowmeter under inspection through the differential pressure flow model .
如图2所示，从左往右，本装置按气源类型采用负压法，前直管道入口直通大气。前直管道出口通过法兰与被检涡轮流量计进口连接，前直管道长度满足大于等于10DN(DN为涡轮流量计公称通径)的要求，前直管道上安装压力变送器1，压力的测量位置距被检涡轮流量计2进口端4DN，取压孔直径根据压力变送器1型号规格确定，被检涡轮流量计2的出口通过法兰与后直管道连接，在前直管道上距离被检涡轮流量计2进口端1DN的距离钻一取压孔通过软管连接差压变送器3高压端，在后直管道上距离被检涡轮流量计2出口端1DN的距离钻一取压孔通过软管连接差压变送器3低压端，取压点均为圆形取压孔且钻孔直径6mm，差压变送器用作被检涡轮流量计压力损失测量及差压流量的计算。 As shown in Figure 2, from left to right, the device adopts the negative pressure method according to the type of gas source, and the front straight pipe inlet is directly connected to the atmosphere. The outlet of the front straight pipe is connected to the inlet of the tested turbine flowmeter through a flange. The length of the front straight pipe meets the requirements of 10DN or more (DN is the nominal diameter of the turbine flowmeter). A pressure transmitter 1 is installed on the front straight pipe. The measuring position is 4DN away from the inlet port of the tested turbine flowmeter 2. The diameter of the pressure-taking hole is determined according to the model specification of the pressure transmitter 1. The outlet of the tested turbine flowmeter 2 is connected to the rear straight pipeline through a flange. Drill a pressure-taking hole at a distance of 1DN from the inlet end of the turbine flowmeter 2 under test. Connect the high-pressure end of the differential pressure transmitter 3 through a hose, and drill a pressure-take-off hole at a distance of 1DN from the outlet end of the turbine flowmeter 2 under test on the rear straight pipe. The hole is connected to the low-pressure end of the differential pressure transmitter 3 through a hose. The pressure-taking points are all circular pressure-taking holes with a diameter of 6mm. The differential pressure transmitter is used for the pressure loss measurement of the tested turbine flowmeter and the calculation of the differential pressure flow rate. .
后直管道长度满足大于等于5DN的要求，后直管道上安装温度变送器4，温度的测量位置距被检涡轮流量计2出口端2DN，测温孔直径根据温度变送器4型号规格确定。被检涡轮流量计管路与之后的标准涡轮流量计管路上游安装的压力变送器，下游安装的温度变送器，均用以进行工况流量的修正及差压流量的计算。另外被检涡轮流量计管路上的压力变送器和温度变送器与标准涡轮流量计管路上的压力变送器和温度变送器型号规格一致。 The length of the rear straight pipeline meets the requirements of 5DN or more. The temperature transmitter 4 is installed on the rear straight pipeline. The temperature measurement position is 2DN away from the outlet of the turbine flowmeter 2 under test. The diameter of the temperature measurement hole is determined according to the model specification of the temperature transmitter 4. . The pressure transmitter installed upstream and the temperature transmitter installed downstream of the tested turbine flowmeter pipeline and the subsequent standard turbine flowmeter pipeline are used to correct the working condition flow and calculate the differential pressure flow. In addition, the pressure transmitter and temperature transmitter on the pipeline of the tested turbine flowmeter are consistent with the models and specifications of the pressure transmitter and temperature transmitter on the pipeline of the standard turbine flowmeter.
后直管道出口通过法兰与手动阀5进口连接，手动阀5出口通过变径法兰与第一汇管6进口连接，第一汇管6的出口连接两个支路，分别为第一支路和第二支路，第一、第二支路皆是第一汇管6出口通过法兰与前直管道连接，前直管道上安装压力变送器，前直管道出口通过法兰与标准涡轮流量计7进口连接，标准涡轮流量计7出口通过法兰与后直管道连接，后直管道上安装温度变送器，后直管道出口通过法兰与手动阀进口连接，手动阀出口通过法兰与第二汇管8进口连接。手动阀5与之后的手动阀均用以选择不同测量管路的开闭合，例如当选择打开手动阀5闭合手动阀5-1和手动阀5-2，根据被检涡轮流量计的流量范围选择打开第一支路或第二支路即可测量大口径流量(DN80或DN100)。但当选择闭合手动阀5打开手动阀5-1和手动阀5-2，根据被检涡轮流量计的流量范围选择打开第一支路或第二支路即可测量小口径流量(DN50)。另外在没特别提出变径法兰时，系统中的法兰管径均与管道管径和流量计口径一致。除手动阀5管径为DN80或DN100外，其他均为DN50。 The outlet of the rear straight pipe is connected to the inlet of the manual valve 5 through a flange, the outlet of the manual valve 5 is connected to the inlet of the first header 6 through a variable diameter flange, and the outlet of the first header 6 is connected to two branches, respectively the first branch Road and the second branch, the first and the second branch are both the outlet of the first header 6 connected to the front straight pipe through the flange, the pressure transmitter is installed on the front straight pipe, and the outlet of the front straight pipe is connected to the standard pipe through the flange The inlet of the turbine flowmeter 7 is connected, the outlet of the standard turbine flowmeter 7 is connected to the rear straight pipe through the flange, the temperature transmitter is installed on the rear straight pipe, the outlet of the rear straight pipe is connected to the inlet of the manual valve through the flange, and the outlet of the manual valve is passed through the method Lan is connected with the second manifold 8 inlets. Manual valve 5 and subsequent manual valves are used to select the opening and closing of different measurement pipelines. For example, when selecting to open manual valve 5 and close manual valve 5-1 and manual valve 5-2, select according to the flow range of the tested turbine flowmeter. Large diameter flow (DN80 or DN100) can be measured by opening the first branch or the second branch. But when you choose to close manual valve 5 and open manual valve 5-1 and manual valve 5-2, you can measure small-caliber flow (DN50) by choosing to open the first branch or the second branch according to the flow range of the tested turbine flowmeter. In addition, when the variable diameter flange is not specifically proposed, the diameter of the flange in the system is consistent with the diameter of the pipe and the diameter of the flowmeter. Except the pipe diameter of manual valve 5 is DN80 or DN100, others are DN50.
第二汇管8出口通过法兰与流量调节阀9进口连接，流量调节阀9出口通过硬质软管与风机10进口连接，风机10出口作为出气口直通大气。由风机作为负压源，因为管道直通大气，可以获得稳定气源，且系统结构相对简单，投资少，能耗低并且监控效率较高。电源经过变频器11接到风机电机上。气源压力由变频器11控制的高压变频风机10产生。由于本装置在对被检涡轮流量计进行检定或校准监控时，针对其某一流量点进行测试，这使得测量装置必须可以产生稳定、准确的标准流量，但这不仅和装置流量调节执行器有关，也和装置控制系统中的流量调节算法有关。本装置按流量调节方式采用风机变频调速与调节阀相结合的流量调节模式，因为此流量调节模式具有快速、准确、超调量小以及节能。按流量调节控制算法采用PID控制算法进行调节，因为本装置控制系统参数较多、精确数学模型未知，所以适合此算法。 The outlet of the second manifold 8 is connected to the inlet of the flow regulating valve 9 through a flange, the outlet of the flow regulating valve 9 is connected to the inlet of the fan 10 through a hard hose, and the outlet of the fan 10 is used as an air outlet to directly lead to the atmosphere. The fan is used as the negative pressure source. Because the pipeline is directly connected to the atmosphere, a stable gas source can be obtained, and the system structure is relatively simple, with low investment, low energy consumption and high monitoring efficiency. The power supply is connected to the fan motor through the frequency converter 11. The air source pressure is generated by a high-pressure variable-frequency fan 10 controlled by a frequency converter 11 . Since this device tests a certain flow point of the tested turbine flowmeter during verification or calibration monitoring, the measurement device must be able to produce a stable and accurate standard flow rate, but this is not only related to the flow adjustment actuator of the device , is also related to the flow regulation algorithm in the device control system. According to the flow adjustment method, the device adopts the flow adjustment mode combining the frequency conversion speed regulation of the fan and the control valve, because this flow adjustment mode has fast, accurate, small overshoot and energy saving. According to the flow regulation control algorithm, the PID control algorithm is used for adjustment. Because the control system parameters of this device are many and the precise mathematical model is unknown, it is suitable for this algorithm.
检定或校准监控时，首先根据设定的流量点选取被检涡轮流量计通道，然后打开相应通道的开关阀，其他标准涡轮流量计通道阀门默认处于关闭状态，设置流量调节阀开度，启动变频器11控制高压变频风机10进行流量调节，气体从前直管道入口进入，依次通过被检涡轮流量计2或被检涡轮流量计2-1、手动阀5、第一汇管6、标准涡轮流量计7或标准涡轮流量计7-1、第二汇管8、流量调节阀9、最后从风机10排出，待标准涡轮流量计流量稳定于设定流量点后开始计时，同时进行脉冲计数，与此同时被检涡轮流量计也采用同步脉冲计数法进行脉冲计数并监测计时，由于涡轮流量计单位体积流量脉冲数恒定，可根据单位时间内脉冲数计算出被检涡轮流量计的瞬时流量。检定或校准时段结束后关闭管路系统，通过被检涡轮流量计与标准涡轮流量计脉冲数计算出各自的体积流量，读取并记录压力变送器、温度变送器以及差压变速器当前数据同时结合每台涡轮流量计的基本参数依据差压流量模型拟合曲线及公式计算出瞬时流量，与之比较后得出被检涡轮流量计的计量性能。此外还通过标准涡轮流量计与被检涡轮流量计的脉冲计算出各自工况下的体积流量，然后转换为标准状况下的流量进行比对，其中标准涡轮流量值通常需要根据其流量特性进行修正，然后得出被检涡轮流量计的流量系数、流量误差、压损损耗、差压流量曲线、线性度和重复性等性能参数。 When verifying or calibrating monitoring, first select the channel of the tested turbine flowmeter according to the set flow point, and then open the on-off valve of the corresponding channel. The valves of other standard turbine flowmeter channels are closed by default, set the opening of the flow regulating valve, and start the frequency conversion The device 11 controls the high-pressure frequency conversion fan 10 to adjust the flow rate. The gas enters from the front straight pipe inlet and passes through the tested turbine flowmeter 2 or the tested turbine flowmeter 2-1, the manual valve 5, the first manifold 6, and the standard turbine flowmeter in sequence. 7 or the standard turbine flowmeter 7-1, the second header 8, the flow regulating valve 9, and finally discharged from the fan 10. After the flow of the standard turbine flowmeter is stabilized at the set flow point, start timing and perform pulse counting at the same time. At the same time, the turbine flowmeter under inspection also uses the synchronous pulse counting method to count pulses and monitor the timing. Since the number of pulses per unit volume flow of the turbine flowmeter is constant, the instantaneous flow rate of the turbine flowmeter under inspection can be calculated according to the number of pulses per unit time. After the verification or calibration period is over, the pipeline system is closed, the respective volume flows are calculated through the pulse numbers of the tested turbine flowmeter and the standard turbine flowmeter, and the current data of the pressure transmitter, temperature transmitter and differential pressure transmitter are read and recorded At the same time, combining the basic parameters of each turbine flowmeter, the instantaneous flow rate is calculated according to the differential pressure flow model fitting curve and formula, and the measurement performance of the tested turbine flowmeter is obtained after comparison. In addition, the volume flow rate under the respective working conditions is calculated through the pulses of the standard turbine flowmeter and the tested turbine flowmeter, and then converted to the flow rate under the standard condition for comparison, where the standard turbine flow value usually needs to be corrected according to its flow characteristics , and then obtain performance parameters such as flow coefficient, flow error, pressure loss, differential pressure flow curve, linearity and repeatability of the tested turbine flowmeter.
图3为涡轮流量计在线监控装置数据采集控制系统示意图。 Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the data acquisition and control system of the online monitoring device of the turbine flowmeter.
由于PLC具有高速计数口、可输出高达100kHz的脉冲信号、可扩展AD模块及通讯模块、可实现程序写入和擦除，为控制程序在线调试提供了便利，所以本装置下位机由PLC作为控制器，用GXdeveloper软件编写下位机梯形图，负责数据采集与控制信号的输出，通过FX3G-485BD通信模块与上位机进行通信，执行上位机发送指令，负责标准涡轮流量计与被检涡轮流量计脉冲计数与检定或校准监控计时、温度压力差压数据采集、管路阀门开关控制、风机频率调节等。 Since the PLC has a high-speed counting port, can output pulse signals up to 100kHz, can expand the AD module and communication module, and can realize program writing and erasing, it provides convenience for online debugging of the control program, so the lower computer of this device is controlled by PLC It uses GXdeveloper software to write the ladder diagram of the lower computer, responsible for data acquisition and output of control signals, communicates with the upper computer through the FX3G-485BD communication module, executes the instructions sent by the upper computer, and is responsible for the pulse of the standard turbine flowmeter and the tested turbine flowmeter Counting and verification or calibration monitoring timing, temperature and pressure differential pressure data acquisition, pipeline valve switch control, fan frequency adjustment, etc.
如图3所示，本装置采用三菱PLCFX3GA-24MT-CM作为主控单元，系统的所有控制与数据采集功能均由PLC控制器及外围电路模块实现。通过AD输入转换电路将4-20mA的电流转换为1-5V的电压进而保证FX2N-4AD读取标准涡轮流量计及被检涡轮流量计的瞬时流量和温度变送器的温度值、压力变送器的压力值、差压变速器的差压值；利用DA模块对变频器及流量调节阀的值进行控制，变频器和流量调节阀的输入信号要求4-20mA，直接采用FX2N-4DA控制变频器和流量调节阀。 As shown in Figure 3, this device uses Mitsubishi PLCFX3GA-24MT-CM as the main control unit, and all control and data acquisition functions of the system are realized by the PLC controller and peripheral circuit modules. The 4-20mA current is converted into a 1-5V voltage through the AD input conversion circuit to ensure that FX2N-4AD can read the instantaneous flow rate of the standard turbine flowmeter and the tested turbine flowmeter and the temperature value and pressure transmission of the temperature transmitter. The pressure value of the converter and the differential pressure value of the differential pressure transmission; use the DA module to control the value of the frequency converter and the flow regulating valve, the input signal of the frequency converter and the flow regulating valve requires 4-20mA, directly use FX2N-4DA to control the frequency converter and flow regulating valve.
外围电路包括双时间法电路、AD输入转换电路及输出阀门驱动电路，双时间法电路基于双时间脉冲法准确地计算涡轮流量计的脉冲值同时满足PLC的输入要求。AD输入转换电路实现4-20mA电路到1-5V电压的转换并增加过压保护电路，使得系统可靠稳定。输出阀门驱动电路提高PLC输出驱动电流，保证开关阀所需的电流。 The peripheral circuit includes dual time method circuit, AD input conversion circuit and output valve drive circuit. The dual time method circuit accurately calculates the pulse value of the turbine flowmeter based on the dual time pulse method and meets the input requirements of PLC. The AD input conversion circuit realizes the conversion of 4-20mA circuit to 1-5V voltage and adds an overvoltage protection circuit to make the system reliable and stable. The output valve drive circuit increases the PLC output drive current to ensure the current required for the switch valve.
在数据采集系统与监控系统的联络方面，FX3G-485BD通信模块将实现监控系统与PLC的通讯，完成远程控制与数据采集。最终实现检定校准监控流程自动控制、温压数据采集、阀门开关控制、流量自动调节、数据处理以及报表生成等功能。 In the connection between the data acquisition system and the monitoring system, the FX3G-485BD communication module will realize the communication between the monitoring system and the PLC, and complete remote control and data acquisition. Finally, the functions of automatic control of verification and calibration monitoring process, temperature and pressure data collection, valve switch control, automatic flow adjustment, data processing and report generation will be realized.
数据采集控制系统配置表 Data Acquisition Control System Configuration Table
监控系统上位机在WindowsMicrosoftVisualStudio2008的环境下完成编写，负责检定校准流程监控、数据采集、数据库访问、数据处理及报表等功能。为实现高效的技术管理和指令下达，要为监控系统配备性能足够优良，且能够使用独立IP上网的PC机作为服务器使用，并要服务器运行环境为.netframework，在设计思想上可沿用自顶向下、逐层分析的理念。 The upper computer of the monitoring system is written in the environment of WindowsMicrosoftVisualStudio2008, and is responsible for the functions of verification and calibration process monitoring, data collection, database access, data processing and reporting. In order to achieve efficient technical management and command issuance, the monitoring system must be equipped with a PC with sufficient performance and can use an independent IP to access the Internet as a server, and the operating environment of the server must be .netframework. The design idea can follow the top-down Next, the concept of layer-by-layer analysis.
以下列举涡轮流量计在线监控装置的主要应用程序及实现的功能。 The main applications and functions of the turbine flowmeter online monitoring device are listed below.
故障诊断程序：在获取了准确数据信息之后，将由故障诊断程序对其加以融合及分析，并与诊断问题库中的标准参数进行对照，从而诊断出当前涡轮流量计的运行状态是否良好，故障产生的机制等等。如果故障属于一般类的性能偏差，诊断系统会发出警告，要求用户遵照给出的调试方法进行简单的设备调试；如果故障较为严重，偏差程度较大，诊断系统则会对收集到的数据与涡轮流量计自检数据及技术咨询库中的关键信息进行综合分析，从而确定出故障发生后可更换的部件。在完成上述过程后，再提示用户按指定的方法来维修，在这一流程中，实现了对涡轮流量计故障类型的判断到提供解决故障措施的整体技术支持。 Fault diagnosis program: After obtaining accurate data information, it will be fused and analyzed by the fault diagnosis program, and compared with the standard parameters in the diagnostic problem database, so as to diagnose whether the current turbine flowmeter is in good condition and whether the fault occurs mechanism etc. If the fault is a general performance deviation, the diagnostic system will issue a warning, requiring the user to perform simple equipment debugging according to the given debugging method; if the fault is serious and the deviation is large, the diagnostic system will compare the collected data with the turbine The self-inspection data of the flowmeter and the key information in the technical consulting database are comprehensively analyzed to determine the replaceable parts after a failure occurs. After completing the above process, the user will be prompted to maintain according to the specified method. In this process, the overall technical support from the judgment of the turbine flowmeter failure type to the provision of troubleshooting measures is realized.
状态监控程序：为了降低涡轮流量计运行中的故障突发率，就要利用状态监控程序对涡轮流量计的工作状态进行合理的设置，以仪器驱动程序来实现对各类变送器的操控，对仪器设备进行技术参数的设置，触发数据收集工作的运行。在得到准确的数据处理结果后就能对涡轮流量计的运行状态进行实时监控，及时采取各项措施对涡轮流量计的稳定运行加以维护。 State monitoring program: In order to reduce the failure rate of the turbine flowmeter in operation, it is necessary to use the state monitoring program to reasonably set the working state of the turbine flowmeter, and use the instrument driver to realize the control of various transmitters. Set the technical parameters of the instruments and equipment, and trigger the operation of data collection. After obtaining accurate data processing results, the operating status of the turbine flowmeter can be monitored in real time, and various measures can be taken in time to maintain the stable operation of the turbine flowmeter.
数据管理程序：为使在线监控系统在进行日常的监控维护中有可靠的依据和技术标准，需对原理知识库及标准数据库进行妥善的维护和管理。标准数据库，即为涡轮流量计及内部传感器等在正常测试环境下所需达到的技术参数，为达到监控和诊断时的状态要求，还需对其初始化状态下的技术参数进行规范。数据管理程序能够完成这样的工作任务，可将历史测试数据进行统一管理，制定标准化参数设定，从而实现对测试数据的正确分析。原理知识库对涡轮流量正常状态及异常状态下的性能和相关信息进行管理，形成判断涡轮流量计故障类型的依据。在整个工作流程中，这一系统发挥的是收集、整理及存储等功能。 Data management program: In order to make the online monitoring system have reliable basis and technical standards in daily monitoring and maintenance, it is necessary to properly maintain and manage the principle knowledge base and standard database. The standard database refers to the technical parameters that need to be achieved in the normal test environment such as the turbine flowmeter and internal sensors. In order to meet the state requirements of monitoring and diagnosis, it is also necessary to standardize the technical parameters in the initialization state. The data management program can complete such work tasks, can manage the historical test data in a unified way, and formulate standardized parameter settings, so as to realize the correct analysis of the test data. The principle knowledge base manages the performance and related information of the turbine flow under normal and abnormal conditions, and forms the basis for judging the type of turbine flowmeter failure. Throughout the workflow, this system performs functions such as collection, organization and storage.
本发明通过对涡轮流量计在线监控与故障诊断系统这一新兴的涡轮流量计检修手段的分析，指出在线监测与控制对涡轮流量计性能和状态维护上的积极作用。本发明对在线涡轮流量计监控与故障诊断系统从系统总体结构、数据采集系统以及监控系统这三大重要组成部分进行研究总结，实验证明这一系统的工作方法和安全维护效果达到了实际的效果、基于PLC的在线监控系统工业自动化控制系统，可以自动实现检定校准监控等流程控制、温压数据采集、阀门开关控制、流量调节、数据处理以及报表生成等功能。可以快速提供准确稳定的监测结果、人机界面友好，监控过程简便高效。 The invention points out the positive effect of on-line monitoring and control on the performance and state maintenance of the turbine flowmeter by analyzing the online monitoring and fault diagnosis system of the turbine flowmeter, which is a new means of repairing the turbine flowmeter. The present invention researches and summarizes the online turbine flowmeter monitoring and fault diagnosis system from the three important components of the overall system structure, data acquisition system and monitoring system, and experiments prove that the working method and safety maintenance effect of this system have achieved practical results , The PLC-based online monitoring system industrial automation control system can automatically realize the functions of process control such as verification and calibration monitoring, temperature and pressure data collection, valve switch control, flow adjustment, data processing and report generation. It can quickly provide accurate and stable monitoring results, the man-machine interface is friendly, and the monitoring process is simple and efficient.
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