CN105221296B - Gas injector for injecting gaseous fuel - Google Patents

Gas injector for injecting gaseous fuel Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105221296B
CN105221296B CN201510367743.7A CN201510367743A CN105221296B CN 105221296 B CN105221296 B CN 105221296B CN 201510367743 A CN201510367743 A CN 201510367743A CN 105221296 B CN105221296 B CN 105221296B
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gas
chamber
injector
gas injector
armature
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CN105221296A (en
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G·赫尔
O·舍恩罗克
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B43/00Engines characterised by operating on gaseous fuels; Plants including such engines
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/0248Injectors
    • F02M21/0251Details of actuators therefor
    • F02M21/0254Electric actuators, e.g. solenoid or piezoelectric
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/0248Injectors
    • F02M21/0257Details of the valve closing elements, e.g. valve seats, stems or arrangement of flow passages
    • F02M21/026Lift valves, i.e. stem operated valves
    • F02M21/0269Outwardly opening valves, e.g. poppet valves
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a gas injector for injecting gaseous fuel, comprising a gas damping device (20) having a gas-filled damping chamber (12) which is delimited by a movable injector component (3) and which is connected to an injector chamber (14) via a first connecting path.

Description

Gas injector for injecting gaseous fuel
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a gas injector for injecting gaseous fuel and in particular a direct-injection gas injector, which injects gaseous fuel directly into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
Background
Nowadays, in the automotive field, gaseous fuels, such as natural gas or hydrogen, are increasingly used in addition to the liquid fuels that are usually used. However, for these gaseous fuels, the known injectors for liquid fuels are only of limited applicability, since gaseous fuels have an energy density and volume different from liquid fuels. In addition, in injectors for liquid fuels, a certain hydraulic stop damping is automatically present between the armature and the pole piece (Polst ück) of the injector. In order to avoid the so-called hydraulic adhesion between the armature and the pole piece, the stop surfaces provided are geometrically limited. However, in the case of gaseous fuel, there is no damping of the stop as described above in the case of liquid fuel. In the case of gaseous fuels, there is therefore a stronger tendency for a stop between the armature and the pole piece, which can lead to undesirable wear, which can also be controlled to a limited extent, for example, by means of a wear protection layer. Since gas injectors require a larger cross section and thus also a larger stroke, this series of problems is also amplified by the correspondingly larger impact velocity.
Disclosure of Invention
The gas injector according to the invention for injecting gaseous fuel having the features of claim 1 has the advantages opposite thereto: despite the application of a gaseous medium, damping and thus reduction of the impact pulse can be achieved. It is also possible to realize: the provision of a larger surface according to the invention as a stop surface makes it possible for the stop force to be distributed over a larger surface if necessary in the case of a stop, as a result of which wear phenomena on the injector are reduced. This is achieved according to the invention by: the gas injector includes a gas damping device with a damping chamber filled with a gas. The gas-filled damping chamber is at least partially delimited by a movable injector component. Furthermore, a first connection path is provided, which connects the gas-filled damping chamber of the gas injector and the injector chamber. By an injector chamber is understood here a chamber within the gas injector through which the gas to be blown in is guided through the injector. According to the invention, the gas-filled damping chamber can thus be used for damping vibrations, said damping chamber abutting a movable injector component, for example an armature. In this case, the actual stop of the movable injector component on the other component can also be prevented according to the invention by means of the gas-filled damping chamber. Through the first connection path, gaseous fuel is present in the gas-filled damping chamber, so that no separate gas has to be provided which has to be provided in the damping chamber.
The dependent claims show preferred developments of the invention.
In addition, the gas injector preferably also comprises an electromagnetic actuator with a coil, a pole piece and an armature, wherein the armature is an injector component which delimits the gas-filled damping chamber. Alternatively, the injector component which delimits the damping chamber is a component which is connected to the armature and/or the switching element, for example a valve needle.
Further preferably, the gas-filled damping chamber has an annular cylindrical shape. Thereby providing a large damping surface around the valve needle or the like.
Preferably, the gas-filled damping chamber is also delimited by a stationary injector component, for example a pole piece. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the gas-filled damping chamber is arranged here between a pole piece and an armature of the electromagnetic actuator. Whereby the already existing working air gap of the electromagnetic actuator is additionally also used as a damping chamber.
In a particularly preferred embodiment, the armature of the electromagnetic actuator has a cylindrical projection which is guided on the pole piece on the guide region. Thereby, it is possible to provide: a connection path between the gas-filled damping chamber and the injector chamber is simply realized.
When the armature is preferredThe cylindrical projection in question has a transverse opening, for example a transverse bore, and a particularly compact design is obtained when a control edge is formed on the pole piece. The first connection path passes through a transverse opening of the armature, wherein, during a movement of the armature, a movement of the armature over the control edge via the transverse opening takes place
Figure BDA0000747998380000021
The connection cross section between the transverse opening and the gas-filled damping chamber is variable. The gas-filled damping chamber can be designed such that in a first position the transverse opening is completely open relative to the gas-filled damping chamber and in a second position the transverse opening is no longer connected to the gas-filled damping chamber. Particularly preferably, the design is such that: when the gas injector is fully open, the connection path is cut off via the transverse opening, so that a gas cushion is present in the gas-filled damping chamber and a stop of the armature on the pole piece is prevented.
In particular, it is preferred that the control edge is arranged on a chamfer, which is provided on the pole piece. A defined control characteristic can thereby be predefined by selecting the inclination of the chamfer. This also makes it possible, for example, to provide the individual engine manufacturers with gas injectors having various damping properties. This can then be carried out simply by changing the arrangement of the chamfers on the pole pieces.
According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the gas injector further comprises a connecting channel which extends through the pole piece and defines a second connecting path between the gas-filled damping chamber and the injector chamber. In this connection channel, a valve element is arranged. The valve element is preferably not provided with a return element and can therefore be constructed very simply. In a particularly preferred manner, the valve element is a loose flap which in a first position releases the connecting channel and in a second position closes the connecting channel.
Preferably, the gas injector is configured as an outwardly opening injector.
Further preferably, the invention also relates to an internal combustion engine comprising a combustion chamber and a gas injector according to the invention. The gas injector is preferably arranged here directly on the combustion chamber for blowing fuel directly into the combustion chamber.
Drawings
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Identical or functionally identical components are designated by the same reference numerals. In the drawings:
figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a gas injector according to a first embodiment of the invention,
fig. 2 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the damping chamber of the gas injector of fig. 1, wherein a first connection path between the damping chamber and the injector chamber is open,
FIG. 3 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view, similar to FIG. 2, of the damping chamber, wherein the first connecting path is cut off, and
fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a gas injector according to a second embodiment of the invention.
Preferred embodiments of the invention
A gas injector 1 according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention is explained in detail below with reference to fig. 1 to 3.
Fig. 1 schematically shows the structure of the gas injector 1, which in this embodiment is a gas injector blowing directly into the combustion chamber 100. The gas injector 1 comprises an outwardly opening needle valve 6 and an electromagnetic actuator 101 with a coil 2, an armature 3 and a pole piece 4. The pole piece 4 has a cylindrical pole piece extension 5, which is separated from the pole piece 4 by a magnetic separating region 13.
The armature 3 is fixed to the needle valve 6 by means of a first sleeve 9 and a second sleeve 10.
The needle 6 is sealed against the valve seat 60 in a known manner. Fig. 1 shows the gas injector 1 in a completely open state.
In the armature 3, there are also a plurality of through-openings 11 through which the gaseous fuel can flow, as indicated by the arrow a, into the injector chamber 14 (arrow B) and then from the injector chamber 14 directly into the combustion chamber 100 (arrow C).
As can be further seen from fig. 1, the armature 3 comprises a cylindrical projection 30 which is formed from the armature in the direction of the valve seat 60. The cylindrical projection 30 is guided in this case by a guide region 41 of the pole piece 4. A transverse bore 7 is also formed in this cylindrical projection 30. The transverse bore 7 is here perpendicular to the central axis X-X of the gas injector. Furthermore, the pole piece 4 has a stop surface 40 which points in the direction of the armature 3.
According to the invention, a gas damping device 20 is now provided, which comprises a damping chamber 12 filled with a gas. The gas-filled damping chamber 12 is located between the stop face 40 of the pole piece and the armature 3 (see fig. 1). The gas damping device 20 further comprises a first connection path 21 connecting the damping chamber 12 and said injector chamber 14. Here, the transverse bore 7 is part of the first connecting path 21.
As can be further seen from fig. 2, a chamfer 8 is formed on the pole piece 4. This results in a control edge 80, which is located between the chamfer 8 and the guide region 41.
Fig. 2 shows the first connecting path 21 open, so that gas can flow out of the gas-filled damping chamber 12, as indicated by the arrow D in fig. 2, into the injector chamber 14 via the first connecting path, i.e. past the chamfer 8 and through the transverse bore 7. The damping chamber 12 is filled with the gas to be blown in.
When the gas injector 1 is now to be opened, the armature 3 is actuated such that it moves in the direction of the pole piece 4, as indicated by the arrow E in fig. 2. This results in a flow (arrow D) from the damping chamber 12 into the injector chamber 14, which is shown in fig. 2.
As fig. 2 and 3 show by comparison, the longer the armature 3 is moved in the direction of arrow E, the more the transverse bore 7 is guided past the control edge 80. Fig. 3 shows a state in which the first connecting path 21 is interrupted, since the transverse bore 7 passes completely next to the control edge 80. In this position, gas is still present in the damping chamber 12, so that further movement of the armature 3 in the direction of the arrow E is made more difficult or the further compression of the gas in the damping chamber counteracts the movement of the armature 3 and prevents a violent stop.
The present invention therefore has a gas damping device 20, which gas damping device 20 operates without the use of additional gas. The construction of the gas injector 1 can still remain relatively simple and cost-effective. Furthermore, the geometry of the chamfer 8 on the pole piece 4 can define the cut-off point in time of the first connection path as a function of the axial movement of the armature 3. Various damping characteristics can thus be set, for example. This is particularly interesting because different vehicle manufacturers or engine manufacturers usually have different requirements. Alternatively, the position of the transverse bore 7 can of course also be displaced in the axial direction on the cylindrical projection 30 of the armature 3.
Another advantage of the present invention resides in part load ranges when the internal combustion engine is operating. In the case of a partial load, the gas injector 1 is opened only by a predetermined partial stroke and therefore does not open completely. In the case of a partial stroke, the gas present in the damping chamber 12 builds up increasingly greater counterpressure towards the end of the movement of the armature. This counteracts a significantly increased magnetic force which increases as a result of the reduction of the gap (distance) between the armature 3 and the pole piece 4 and thus supports the partial stroke performance of the gas injector. In the case of full load operation and therefore full stroke of the armature 3, as described above, a strong braking action is exerted by the damping chamber 12 according to the invention and the stop surfaces are protected against wear.
Fig. 4 shows a gas injector 1 according to a second embodiment of the invention. The gas injector 1 of this second embodiment corresponds substantially to the gas injector 1 of the first embodiment. The difference from the first embodiment is that in the second embodiment, a second connection path 17 is provided. This second connection path 17 also leads from the damping chamber 12 to the injector chamber 14. The first connecting path 21, which passes by the chamfer 8 via the transverse bore 7, also exists.
As can be seen from fig. 4, a valve element 16 in the form of a flap valve is arranged in the second connecting path 17. The flap valve forms only a small dead volume 15 (see fig. 4) compared to the damping chamber 12, so that the desired pressure rise in the damping chamber 12 is not reduced.
The valve member 16 includes a leaf-type head 64, a slightly elongated shape
Figure BDA0000747998380000051
A main body 61 and a stopper 62. A sleeve 63 is also arranged in the dead volume 15. All components can be made of plastic, for example.
The valve element 16 is here loosely arranged in the plastic sleeve 63 and can be moved over a predetermined, short path.
When the gas injector is opened, a pressure builds up in the damping chamber 12, which closes the valve element 16 by pressing the head 64 against the plastic sleeve 63. In this way, the valve element 16 does not hinder the pressure rise in the damping chamber 12 and thus does not hinder the desired damping effect.
When the gas injector 1 is subsequently closed, the second connection 17 vents the damping chamber 12. In this way, for example, a highly dynamic movement of the armature 3 can be ensured when several blow-in processes have to be carried out during a cycle.

Claims (8)

1. Gas injector for injecting gaseous fuel, comprising a gas damping device (20) with a gas-filled damping chamber (12) and an electromagnetic actuator with a coil (2), a pole piece (4) and an armature (3), wherein the gas-filled damping chamber (12) is arranged between the pole piece (4) and the armature (3) of the electromagnetic actuator and is connected to an injector chamber (14) via a first connection path (21).
2. Gas injector according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas-filled damping chamber (12) has an annular cylindrical shape.
3. Gas injector according to claim 2, characterized in that the armature (3) has a cylindrical projection (30) which is guided on the pole piece (4) on a guide region (41) of the pole piece.
4. Gas injector according to claim 3, characterized in that the cylindrical projection (30) of the armature has a transverse opening (7) and in that a control edge (80) is formed on the pole piece (4), wherein the first connection path can be released and closed by the transverse opening (7) passing by the control edge (80).
5. Gas injector according to claim 4, characterized in that the control edge (80) is arranged on a chamfer (8) provided on the pole piece (4).
6. A gas injector according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a second connection path (17) connecting the damping chamber (12) filled with gas and the injector chamber (14), wherein a valve element (16) is arranged in the second connection path (17).
7. A gas injector according to claim 6, characterized in that the valve element (16) is a loose flap valve which in a first position releases the second connection path (17) and in a second position closes the second connection path (17).
8. Internal combustion engine comprising a combustion chamber (100) and a gas injector (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the gas injector is arranged directly on the combustion chamber (100) for blowing fuel directly into the combustion chamber.
CN201510367743.7A 2014-06-30 2015-06-29 Gas injector for injecting gaseous fuel Active CN105221296B (en)

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DE102014212549.9A DE102014212549A1 (en) 2014-06-30 2014-06-30 Gas injector for injecting gaseous fuels
DE102014212549.9 2014-06-30

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CN105221296B true CN105221296B (en) 2020-08-18

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Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016205358A1 (en) 2016-03-31 2017-10-05 Robert Bosch Gmbh Injector for injecting a gaseous fuel into a combustion chamber
DE102020203194A1 (en) 2020-03-12 2021-09-16 Erwin Junker Grinding Technology A.S. COMBUSTION ENGINE FOR OPERATION WITH GASEOUS FUEL, IN PARTICULAR HYDROGEN, AND HIGH PRESSURE VALVE FOR THE INTRODUCTION OF GASEOUS FUEL INTO THE COMBUSTION ENGINE
GB2625819A (en) * 2022-12-29 2024-07-03 Phinia Delphi Luxembourg Sarl Fuel injector for direct injection of gaseous fuel
GB2626178A (en) * 2023-01-13 2024-07-17 Phinia Delphi Luxembourg Sarl Fuel injector for direct injection of gaseous fuel

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6422488B1 (en) * 1999-08-10 2002-07-23 Siemens Automotive Corporation Compressed natural gas injector having gaseous dampening for armature needle assembly during closing
DE102005043969A1 (en) * 2005-09-15 2007-03-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Valve device for controlling fluid stream, e.g. volume flow of gaseous fluid, has damping area which is designed between stop surface and area attached to housing for absorbing kinetic energy of valve armature
DE102010040620A1 (en) * 2010-09-13 2012-03-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh Magnetic valve for common-rail injector for injecting diesel into combustion chamber of diesel engine, has armature comprising plate-like portion whose outer portion cooperates with body of damping device at side facing closing element

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006057935A1 (en) * 2006-12-08 2008-06-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6422488B1 (en) * 1999-08-10 2002-07-23 Siemens Automotive Corporation Compressed natural gas injector having gaseous dampening for armature needle assembly during closing
DE102005043969A1 (en) * 2005-09-15 2007-03-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Valve device for controlling fluid stream, e.g. volume flow of gaseous fluid, has damping area which is designed between stop surface and area attached to housing for absorbing kinetic energy of valve armature
DE102010040620A1 (en) * 2010-09-13 2012-03-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh Magnetic valve for common-rail injector for injecting diesel into combustion chamber of diesel engine, has armature comprising plate-like portion whose outer portion cooperates with body of damping device at side facing closing element

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