CN105218869A - Ethylenic copolymer emulsion and the corrosion resistant material of resistance to sulfuric acid - Google Patents
Ethylenic copolymer emulsion and the corrosion resistant material of resistance to sulfuric acid Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105218869A CN105218869A CN201510706313.3A CN201510706313A CN105218869A CN 105218869 A CN105218869 A CN 105218869A CN 201510706313 A CN201510706313 A CN 201510706313A CN 105218869 A CN105218869 A CN 105218869A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- ethylenic copolymer
- copolymer emulsion
- vermiculite
- resistance
- sulfuric acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of ethylenic copolymer emulsion, is obtained by mixing with 25% ~ 35% sucrose, 10% ~ 20% starch, 0.05% ~ 0.15% sodium phosphate, 0.01% ~ 0.05% soap/tensio-active agent and 45% ~ 65% water.The present invention also discloses a kind of corrosion resistant material of resistance to sulfuric acid, and ethylenic copolymer emulsion and vermiculite granule mix is even, and in forming mould hydrostatic profile, then after demoulding drying, obtain the corrosion resistant material of resistance to sulfuric acid of chimney of electric plant steel inner cylinder liner.The present invention's ethylenic copolymer emulsion bonds vermiculite to obtain the corrosion resistant material of resistance to sulfuric acid, economical, effectively can make chimney of electric plant steel inner cylinder liner.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to means of flue gas desulfurization of power plant technology, particularly the material of chimney of electric plant steel inner cylinder liner, be specifically related to the ethylenic copolymer emulsion of chimney of electric plant steel inner cylinder liner and the corrosion resistant material of resistance to sulfuric acid.
Background technology
Along with atmosphere polluting problem is more and more serious, the flue gas desulfurization of power plant causes the attention of height.Comparatively speaking, the means of flue gas desulfurization of power plant time of the developed countries such as America and Europe relatively early, also have accumulated the experience of some preciousnesses; Domestic means of flue gas desulfurization of power plant is then thing in recent years, because starting lacks engineering practical experience soon, and is subject to the blockade on new techniques of European and American developed countries simultaneously, is therefore necessary fully to study this technology.
Current, domestic and international power plant generally have employed Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization Technique, and cardinal principle adopts alkaline slurry or solution as absorption agent to containing SO
2flue gas carry out spray woods washing, make SO
2generate sulphite and vitriol with absorption agent reaction, this can bring etching problem.In order to protection against corrosion, the inner steel cylinder of chimney after desulfurization needs to arrange liner.Existing inner steel cylinder of chimney need arrange liner and mainly contain three class forms: the first kind adopts the goods of corrosion resistant lightweight heat-proof to paste, and isolated flue gas contacts with steel inner cylinder, as foaming acid-resistant glass brick lining; Equations of The Second Kind stickers lining thin plate, adopt the metal alloy light sheet of resistance to sour to make liner, inner lining material comprises titanium plate (TiCr
2), nickel-base alloy plate (C-276, C22) or Fe-Ni based non-corrosive metal plate (AL-6XN); 3rd class adopts the acid-proof such as acidproof heat-proof concrete and glass flake coatings etching ground.In these inner steel cylinder of chimney liners, some costs are very expensive, also there is the problems such as blockade on new techniques simultaneously, cause domestic usage quantity little; Though other prices inexpensively, work-ing life is shorter.
Applicant learns, in prior art, the existing vermiculite (vermiculite) that uses is as the case of anticorrosive material.The advantage of vermiculite is: (1) resource is abundanter, and price is not very expensive, easily obtains; (2) chemical property is highly stable, is a kind of extraordinary acid-proof substances, possesses the characteristic of preservative substance; (3) be a kind of extraordinary insulation and lagging material; (4) can be pressed into different buckle shapes, construction gets up to become very easy, can not leave the dead angle that may be corroded.But vermiculite of the prior art can only lean on cement bonding, and cement cannot acid corrosion-resistant, and this just greatly limit applying of vermiculite.
Summary of the invention
For the defect that prior art exists, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cost is lower, the life-span is longer ethylenic copolymer emulsion and the corrosion resistant material of resistance to sulfuric acid, chimney of electric plant steel inner cylinder liner can be effectively applied to.
For solving above technical problem, a kind of ethylenic copolymer emulsion provided by the invention, calculate with weight ratio, comprise sucrose 25% ~ 35%, starch 10% ~ 20%, sodium phosphate 0.05% ~ 0.15%, soap/tensio-active agent 0.01% ~ 0.05% and water 45% ~ 65%, above-mentioned sucrose, starch, sodium phosphate and soap/tensio-active agent mix with water to obtain described ethylenic copolymer emulsion.
More preferably, comprise sucrose 24%, starch 15%, sodium phosphate 0.1% and soap/tensio-active agent 0.03% and water 60%, wherein the permissible error of each component is ± 5%.
More preferably, comprise sucrose 30%, starch 19%, sodium phosphate 0.1% and soap/tensio-active agent 0.03% and water 50%, wherein the permissible error of each component is ± 5%.
More preferably, comprise sucrose 17%, starch 34%, sodium phosphate 0.08% and soap/tensio-active agent 0.04% and water 48%, wherein the permissible error of each component is ± 5%.
More preferably, adopt following preparation method to obtain described ethylenic copolymer emulsion: sucrose is fully dissolved in water, add starch mix afterwards evenly, then add soap/tensio-active agent, after cooling to room temperature, tinning obtains described ethylenic copolymer emulsion.
More preferably, the sterilant and/or the mycocide that are less than 1% is added in described ethylenic copolymer emulsion.
On this basis, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of corrosion resistant material of resistance to sulfuric acid, adopt and following produce operation and obtain: by above-mentioned ethylenic copolymer emulsion and vermiculite granule mix even, and in forming mould hydrostatic profile, then obtain with vermiculite being the corrosion resistant material of resistance to sulfuric acid of base-material after demoulding drying.
More preferably, describedly produce in operation: ethylenic copolymer breast is sprayed at the vermiculite granule surface constantly stirred, to make vermiculite uniform contact to the diluent of ethylenic copolymer emulsion, and the diluent of ethylenic copolymer emulsion penetrates into the inside of vermiculite granule.
More preferably, vermiculite granule is for being less than 20 object puffed granules.
More preferably, the described corrosion resistant material of resistance to sulfuric acid is shaped to the vermiculite board that edge is provided with snap close.
Compared with prior art, the present invention utilizes common resources to solve to perplex the chimney lining Anticorrosion of power-generating industry more economically always, specifically: vermiculite chemistry has stable in properties, heat insulation, sound insulation, the premium properties such as antibacterial, fire-resistant, cold-resistant, itself and acidproof ethylenic copolymer emulsion pass through mix, press mold is shaping, vermiculite buckle that vermiculite is become there is suitable intensity, that have certain resistance to shear, inner wall of stack can be adhered to easily thus, play thus anticorrosion, insulation, heat insulation several function.
Accompanying drawing explanation
By reading hereafter detailed description of the preferred embodiment, various other advantage and benefit will become cheer and bright for those of ordinary skill in the art.Accompanying drawing only for illustrating the object of preferred implementation, and does not think limitation of the present invention.And in whole accompanying drawing, represent identical parts by identical reference symbol.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the process diagram of ethylenic copolymer emulsion of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the process diagram of the present invention's corrosion resistant material of resistance to sulfuric acid.
Embodiment
Basic conception of the present invention is a kind of novel ethylenic copolymer (VinylCopolymer) emulsions of research and development, and come thus and vermiculite granule mix, press mold shaping, to obtain the chimney of electric plant steel inner cylinder liner meeting design requirements.
Set forth a lot of detail in the following description so that fully understand the present invention.But the present invention can be much different from alternate manner described here to implement, those skilled in the art can when without prejudice to doing similar popularization when intension of the present invention, therefore the present invention is by the restriction of following public specific embodiment.
Ethylenic copolymer emulsion of the present invention (intermediates for the application: prompt fast No. 1 polymkeric substance) is a kind of tackiness agent, its main component is sucrose, starch, sodium phosphate and soap/tensio-active agent and water, and they can obtain ethylenic copolymer emulsion after mixing.Wherein, the concrete content (w/w, mass percent) of each composition is as follows.
Sucrose 25% ~ 35%, sucrose solves the activity in ethylenic copolymer emulsion scheme.
Starch 10% ~ 20%, starch can be regarded as the high polymer of glucose, is the main body of starch adhesive.
Sodium phosphate 0.05% ~ 0.15%, sodium phosphate can strengthen emulsifying effect, prevents precipitation.
Soap/tensio-active agent (soap) 0.01% ~ 0.05%, soap/tensio-active agent (soap) mainly plays emulsifying effect, forms milk sap by two kinds of immiscible liquid.
Water 45% ~ 65%, water is the solvating agent of aforementioned substances, and the polyreaction of aforementioned substances occurs in lysate, and the ratio of water also determines the concentration of final emulsion liquid.
The method for making of above-mentioned ethylenic copolymer emulsion is as shown in Figure 1: sucrose is fully dissolved in water (step S110); Add starch mix evenly (step S120); Add soap/tensio-active agent (step 130); Cool to tinning after room temperature, obtain ethylenic copolymer emulsion (step S140).The ethylenic copolymer emulsion obtained thus has good degree of adhesion, also can anti-sulfuric acid corrosion,
The described ethylenic copolymer emulsion scope of application is comparatively wide, and its physicochemical property is: proportion: 1.1; Physical aspect: liquid; Color: milky white; Smell: slight; Health hazard: nothing.
Be below several specific embodiments of ethylenic copolymer emulsion of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
24% sugar (sucrose), 15% starch, 0.1% sodium phosphate, 0.03% soap/tensio-active agent (soap) and 61% water are mixed, the main active ingredient in sugar wherein and water solution.Certainly, the concentration of this mixture may be different, but are also to keep this validity of filling a prescription.In the present embodiment, the significant temp scope of formula is from 0 to 150 degrees Celsius.
Embodiment 2
Reactant is sucrose, the starch of 19%, sodium phosphate, the 0.03% soap/tensio-active agent (soap) of 0.1% of 30%, generates ethylenic copolymer after reaction.Wherein water is solvating agent, and all reactions occur in lysate, and the ratio of water also determines the concentration of final emulsion liquid.Concrete reactive mode is as follows: first by the sucrose dissolved of 30% in the water of 50% quality, add the starch of 19% quality again, make its mix completely even, add 0.1% sodium phosphate and 0.03% soap/tensio-active agent (soap) subsequently, equitemperature drops to tinning after room temperature.
Embodiment 3
Sucrose 17%, starch 34%, sodium phosphate 0.08% and soap/tensio-active agent 0.04% and water 48%, the permissible error of each component is ± 5%, mixes according to the mode of previous embodiment, obtains the ethylenic copolymer emulsion of composite demand.
In above-described embodiment, the sterilant, mycocide or their combination that are less than 1% can also be added in ethylenic copolymer emulsion, ethylenic copolymer emulsion stability in storage can be improved like this.
Detailed description has been carried out above in ethylenic copolymer emulsion of the present invention.On this basis, the present invention can carry out the obtained novel corrosion resistant material of resistance to sulfuric acid by above-mentioned ethylenic copolymer emulsion and vermiculite.Concrete technology is that ethylenic copolymer emulsion and vermiculite granule mix is even, and in forming mould hydrostatic profile, then obtain with vermiculite being the corrosion resistant material of resistance to sulfuric acid of base-material after demoulding drying.
Fig. 2 illustrates the making processes of the present invention's corrosion resistant material of resistance to sulfuric acid, and concrete technology is as follows:
S210, acquisition vermiculite granule, the i.e. screening of the expanded vermiculite of small-particle.Vermiculite is just graded in process of production and has screened, and specifically can directly buy thatly to be less than the expanded vermiculite of 20 object small-particle, and the object obtaining this small-particle vermiculite can stir exactly, and improves bonding force.
S220, acquisition acid resistance ethylenic copolymer emulsion, specifically can produce described in above.According to the specific physical had after the ethylenic copolymer emulsion that above technology is synthesized nonmetallic substance and chemical property, after inside mix to vermiculite, three-dimensional waterproof matrix can be formed around vermiculite, ensure that dilution heat of sulfuric acid can not penetrate in vermiculite thus.Meanwhile, also utilize the sticky characteristic of self, the intensity of vermiculite block is improved greatly, for use industrially provides the most strong guarantee.
S230, material mix, by vermiculite and ethylenic copolymer emulsion mix even.Further, specifically can by ethylenic copolymer emulsion and water according to 1:1 dilution proportion, diluent weight and vermiculite weight is allowed also constantly to stir short grained expanded vermiculite surface according to the ratio of 1:1 by sprinkler, allow vermiculite uniform contact to ethylenic copolymer emulsion, and ensure the inside penetrating into vermiculite.
S240, by mixture hydrostatic profile, demoulding and drying.By the vermiculite stirred, according to the molding thickness designed, the vermiculite of some amount is evenly placed in forming mould, then within 30 minutes, start the demoulding after carrying out hydrostatic profile by hydraulic efficiency system, the shaping vermiculite block after the demoulding can be dried by two kinds of modes: one is that nature dries; A kind of be placed into 100 degree baking oven in dry 5 hours, the standard of oven dry is vermiculite weight+ethylenic copolymer emulsion stoste × 50%, wherein can have: the error of ± 2%.
The vermiculite buckle of S250, making finished product.The finished product obtained and mould are relevant, different moulds can be selected to make difform vermiculite buckle according to the requirement of industrial sector.From Such analysis, this vermiculite buckle can be effectively corrosion-resistant.
Above-described vermiculite buckle has good corrosion resistance to sulfuric acid.Table 1 checks its corrosion resistance nature for being placed in dilute sulphuric acid by different for the vermiculite buckle of drying completely test specimen, and result shows that these test specimens have experienced severe acid corrosion test.
Table 1: corrosion resistance to sulfuric acid test situation table
The present invention's ethylenic copolymer emulsion and vermiculite make the corrosion resistant material of resistance to sulfuric acid, wherein vermiculite chemistry has stable in properties, heat insulation, sound insulation, antibacterial, fire-resistant, cold-resistant premium properties such as grade, itself and ethylenic copolymer emulsion pass through mix, press mold is shaping, vermiculite is become have suitable intensity, there is the vermiculite buckle of certain resistance to shear, this vermiculite buckle can be adhered to inner wall of stack easily, play anticorrosion, insulation, heat insulation several function, it is very promising a kind of Novel chimney corrosion resistant material of resistance to sulfuric acid, common resources can be utilized thus more economically to solve the chimney lining Anticorrosion always perplexing power-generating industry.
Unlike this, the scheme can selected for chimney of electric plant steel inner cylinder liner after desulfurization in prior art be abros C-276 liner plate, C22 liner plate, TiCr2 titanium backing plate, Fe-Ni based non-corrosive metal AL-6XN liner plate, anti-corrosion flake mortar liner, potash water glass acid resisting mortar layer liner, brush protective system layer+acidproof heat-proof concrete, brush protective system layer, inner core are the steel of resistance to sulphuric acid dew point (the certain corrosion allowance of the thick consideration of steel plate) etc. in the steel of resistance to sulphuric acid dew point, and it exists selling at exorbitant prices or life-span shorter problem.
As can be seen here, the corrosion resistant material of resistance to sulfuric acid that the present invention proposes has the clear superiority that price is economized, performance is good, and it has good market outlook.
Although the present invention with preferred embodiment openly as above; but it is not for limiting the present invention; any those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; can make possible variation and amendment, the scope that therefore protection scope of the present invention should define with the claims in the present invention is as the criterion.
Claims (10)
1. an ethylenic copolymer emulsion, it is characterized in that, calculate with weight ratio, comprise sucrose 25% ~ 35%, starch 10% ~ 20%, sodium phosphate 0.05% ~ 0.15%, soap/tensio-active agent 0.01% ~ 0.05% and water 45% ~ 65%, above-mentioned sucrose, starch, sodium phosphate and soap/tensio-active agent mix with water to obtain described ethylenic copolymer emulsion.
2. ethylenic copolymer emulsion as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, comprise sucrose 24%, starch 15%, sodium phosphate 0.1% and soap/tensio-active agent 0.03% and water 60%, wherein the permissible error of each component is ± 5%.
3. ethylenic copolymer emulsion as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, comprise sucrose 30%, starch 19%, sodium phosphate 0.1% and soap/tensio-active agent 0.03% and water 50%, wherein the permissible error of each component is ± 5%.
4. ethylenic copolymer emulsion as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, comprise sucrose 17%, starch 34%, sodium phosphate 0.08% and soap/tensio-active agent 0.04% and water 48%, wherein the permissible error of each component is ± 5%.
5. ethylenic copolymer emulsion as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, following preparation method is adopted to obtain described ethylenic copolymer emulsion: sucrose is fully dissolved in water, add starch mix afterwards even, add soap/tensio-active agent again, after cooling to room temperature, tinning obtains described ethylenic copolymer emulsion.
6. the ethylenic copolymer emulsion as described in any one of Claims 1 to 5, is characterized in that, adds the sterilant and/or the mycocide that are less than 1% in described ethylenic copolymer emulsion.
7. the corrosion resistant material of resistance to sulfuric acid, it is characterized in that, adopt and following produce operation and obtain: by the ethylenic copolymer emulsion as described in any one of claim 1 ~ 6 and vermiculite granule mix even, and in forming mould hydrostatic profile, then obtain with vermiculite being the corrosion resistant material of resistance to sulfuric acid of base-material after demoulding drying.
8. the corrosion resistant material of resistance to sulfuric acid as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, describedly produce in operation: ethylenic copolymer breast is sprayed at the vermiculite granule surface constantly stirred, to make vermiculite uniform contact to the diluent of ethylenic copolymer emulsion, and the diluent of ethylenic copolymer emulsion penetrates into the inside of vermiculite granule.
9. the corrosion resistant material of resistance to sulfuric acid as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, vermiculite granule is for being less than 20 object puffed granules.
10. the corrosion resistant material of resistance to sulfuric acid as described in any one of claim 7 ~ 9, is characterized in that, the described corrosion resistant material of resistance to sulfuric acid is shaped to the vermiculite board that edge is provided with snap close.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510706313.3A CN105218869A (en) | 2015-10-27 | 2015-10-27 | Ethylenic copolymer emulsion and the corrosion resistant material of resistance to sulfuric acid |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510706313.3A CN105218869A (en) | 2015-10-27 | 2015-10-27 | Ethylenic copolymer emulsion and the corrosion resistant material of resistance to sulfuric acid |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105218869A true CN105218869A (en) | 2016-01-06 |
Family
ID=54988182
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510706313.3A Pending CN105218869A (en) | 2015-10-27 | 2015-10-27 | Ethylenic copolymer emulsion and the corrosion resistant material of resistance to sulfuric acid |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105218869A (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1094701A (en) * | 1994-02-05 | 1994-11-09 | 郝天成 | Light heat-insulation acid-proof building block for chimney and production method thereof |
| CN102775864A (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2012-11-14 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Desulfurization chimney anticorrosive paint and preparation method thereof |
| TW201439242A (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2014-10-16 | 3M Innovative Properties Co | Starch based adhesive composition and glue sticks |
-
2015
- 2015-10-27 CN CN201510706313.3A patent/CN105218869A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1094701A (en) * | 1994-02-05 | 1994-11-09 | 郝天成 | Light heat-insulation acid-proof building block for chimney and production method thereof |
| CN102775864A (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2012-11-14 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Desulfurization chimney anticorrosive paint and preparation method thereof |
| TW201439242A (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2014-10-16 | 3M Innovative Properties Co | Starch based adhesive composition and glue sticks |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 天津轻工业学院食品工业教学研究室: "《食品添加剂（第2版）》", 31 January 2008, 中国轻工业出版社 * |
| 朱春玲等: "《建筑防火材料手册（第1版）》", 31 July 2009, 化学工业出版社 * |
| 李湘洲主编: "《新型建筑节能材料的选用与施工（第1版）》", 31 July 2012, 机械工业出版社 * |
| 陈敏主编: "《食品化学（第1版）》", 31 May 2008, 中国林业出版社 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101235252B (en) | Multifunctional liquid rubber spray-coating material, preparation method, using method and special-purpose device | |
| Monreal et al. | Effects of aggregate coating on the hygral properties of lignocellulosic composites | |
| CN107474615A (en) | A kind of anti-corrosion self-healing coatings | |
| CN106752964B (en) | A kind of graphene abrasion resistant fire blocking anti-corrosive powder paint and preparation method thereof | |
| CN105218725A (en) | A kind of preparation method of high adhesive force heavy-duty coating acrylate copolymer emulsion | |
| CN100560674C (en) | Adhesive special for heat-insulation sound-absorbing heat-isolation fiber coating and preparation method thereof | |
| CN104403463A (en) | Aqueous low-surface treatment coating for iron power transmission tower surface protection and preparation method for aqueous low-surface treatment coating | |
| CN106987165A (en) | A kind of graphene polymer water-repellent paint masterbatch and preparation method | |
| CN110016119B (en) | Method for improving heat preservation and heat insulation performance of polyurethane plastic foam heat preservation pipe | |
| CN102329562A (en) | Superfine needle-shaped wollastonite powder-containing liquid rubber spray coating | |
| CN103819167B (en) | A kind of Steel Concrete moisture curing cathodic protection coatings and preparation and application thereof | |
| CN108611631A (en) | The processing technology of anticorrosion easy processing galvanized steel plain sheet | |
| CN105218869A (en) | Ethylenic copolymer emulsion and the corrosion resistant material of resistance to sulfuric acid | |
| CN104650721A (en) | Waterproof paint with high corrosion resistance and adhesive property and preparation method of waterproof paint | |
| CN102108220A (en) | Organosilicon waterproofing agent and preparation method thereof | |
| CN105384417B (en) | Coating material composition, ductile iron pipe and preparation method thereof | |
| CN114854264B (en) | Compression-resistant waterproof environment-friendly paint | |
| CN110015862A (en) | Waterproof and anticorrosion ardealite compound additive and waterproof and anticorrosion ardealite construction material | |
| CN107955536A (en) | A kind of liquid rubber spray-coating material | |
| CN111944193A (en) | Light durable building insulation board and preparation method thereof | |
| CN108084771A (en) | A kind of crosslinker composition and its coating | |
| CN105439529A (en) | Alkali-return-inhibiting perlite insulation board and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN108997903A (en) | Aeroge insulation fire-proof and water-proof multifunctional combination application material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN110128071A (en) | A kind of bi-component waterproof mortar and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102993888A (en) | Heat-insulation waterproof paint for buildings |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20160106 |