The forming technology of the mould of preform 45 ° of skew T jumping-up parts, method and 45 ° of skew Ts
Technical field
The present invention relates to the forming technology of the mould of a kind of preform 45 ° of skew T jumping-up parts, method and 45 ° of skew Ts.
Background technology
P91 (10Cr9Mo1VNb) skew T is widely used in the fields such as electric power, oil, chemical industry, machine-building, boats and ships, national defence, requires still have excellent combination property at high temperature under high pressure as key foundation structural member.The high-temperature stability of P91 material and heat resistance good, the manufacture that the features such as resistance of deformation is high, and plasticity is low and the high-performance needed for skew T determine P91 skew T needs to adopt hot plastic processing method.The method of traditional mode of production 45 ° of skew Ts generally adopts solid open die forging and follow-up machined, and more than wherein open die forging needs 5 fire secondary, the forging cycle is long, and machined duration, stock utilization is low.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of forming technology of the mould, method and the 45 ° of skew Ts that are conducive to preform 45 ° of skew T jumping-up parts of the forming effect of raising 45 ° of skew Ts.
The invention provides the mould proposing a kind of preform 45 ° of skew T jumping-up parts, comprise the base cylinder with die cavity, jumping-up blank in described die cavity is carried out to the jumping-up bar of jumping-up, to be placed in described base cylinder and to be positioned at the base of described cavity bottom, be configured in and rush the end in this base, an opening be communicated with described die cavity is provided with on the top of described base cylinder, described base has one just to the base plane portion that this opening is arranged, the lower end of described jumping-up bar is stretched in described die cavity via described opening, at the end of utilizing described mould preform 45 ° of skew T jumping-up part work steps, the bottom face of described jumping-up bar is more than or equal to 640mm to the distance between described base plane portion and is less than or equal to 660mm.
Adopt said structure, the left and right sides height of the final drip molding of 45 ° of skew Ts remains basically stable, and does not occur folding, the forging defect such as percolation, and the final forming effect of 45 ° of skew Ts is relatively good, and machining allowance can be fewer, compares material-saving.
Preferably, the bottom face of described jumping-up bar is any one in 640mm, 650mm, 660mm to the distance between described base plane portion.
The invention allows for the method for a kind of preform 45 ° of skew T jumping-up parts, comprise aforementioned in arbitrary described mould, when utilizing described mould preform 45 ° of skew T jumping-up part work steps, the lower end of described jumping-up bar is stretched in described die cavity via this opening and is carried out upsetting pressure to jumping-up blank until the bottom face of described jumping-up bar is more than or equal to 640mm to the distance between described base plane portion be less than or equal to 660mm.
Adopt said method, the left and right sides height of the final drip molding of 45 ° of skew Ts remained basically stable, do not occur folding, the forging defect such as percolation, the final forming effect of 45 ° of skew Ts is relatively good, and machining allowance can be fewer, compares material-saving.
The invention allows for a kind of forming technology of 45 ° of skew Ts, comprising: step 1, jumping-up process is carried out to the blank of 45 ° of skew Ts; Step 2, carries out backward extrusion process to the drip molding that step 1 is formed; Step 3, carries out perforation process to the drip molding that step 2 is formed; Wherein, in step 1, at the end of utilizing described mould preform 45 ° of skew T jumping-up part work steps, the bottom face of described jumping-up bar is more than or equal to 640mm to the distance between described base plane portion and is less than or equal to 660mm.
Adopt above-mentioned forming technology, the left and right sides height of the final drip molding of 45 ° of skew Ts remained basically stable, do not occur folding, the forging defect such as percolation, the final forming effect of 45 ° of skew Ts is relatively good, and machining allowance can be fewer, compares material-saving.
Preferably, in step 2, indirect-extrusion mould is utilized to carry out backward extrusion process to the drip molding that step 1 is formed, wherein, the difference of described indirect-extrusion mould and aforementioned described mould is to utilize jumper bar to replace described jumping-up bar, carries out backward extrusion process by this jumper bar to the jumping-up part that step 1 is formed.
Preferably, in step 3, utilize perforated die to carry out perforation process to the drip molding that step 2 is formed, wherein, the difference of described perforated die and described indirect-extrusion mould is not comprise describedly rushes the end.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of 45 ° of skew Ts;
Fig. 2 utilizes mould to carry out the schematic diagram of jumping-up process to the drip molding of 45 ° of skew Ts;
Fig. 3 utilizes mould to carry out to the drip molding of 45 ° of skew Ts the schematic diagram processed of boring a hole;
Fig. 4 is the metal streamline schematic diagram of drip molding corresponding under each technological process of 45 ° of skew Ts;
Fig. 5 is the forming effect figure of jumping-up height 45 ° of skew Ts in 640 ~ 660mm;
Fig. 6 is the jumping-up height not forming effect figure of 45 ° of skew Ts in 640 ~ 660mm.
Detailed description of the invention
Referring to Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 6, the forming technology of the mould of preform of the present invention 45 ° of skew T jumping-up parts, method and 45 ° of skew Ts is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1,45 ° of skew Ts 6 generally include and intersect 45 degree and be communicated with the main pipe fittings 61 and a pipe fitting 62 that arrange, and these 45 ° of skew Ts 6 both also can be made with plastic material with metal material.In the present invention, 45 ° of skew Ts 6 mainly adopt following technological process to be shaped, and specifically comprise the steps:
Step 1, carries out jumping-up process to the blank of 45 ° of skew Ts;
Step 2, carries out backward extrusion process to the drip molding that step 1 is formed;
Step 3, carries out perforation process to the drip molding that step 2 is formed.
Wherein, heading die shown in Fig. 2 is adopted to realize the jumping-up treatment process in step 1.As shown in Figure 2, heading die mainly comprises base cylinder 2, is similar to and is provided with the die cavity 21 corresponding with the shape and size of 45 ° of skew T finished parts between two parties, be provided with an opening 22 be communicated with this die cavity 21 on the top of base cylinder 2 in this base cylinder 2.Base 3 is provided with in the bottom of die cavity 21 in the bottom of base cylinder 2, this base 3 has one just to the base plane portion 31 that aforementioned opening 22 is arranged, this base plane portion 31 offers one and the aperture of main pipe fittings 61 of 45 ° of skew Ts be consistent and up and down two ends through dodge hole 32, dodge configuration one hole 32 in rush the end 4 at this.Heading die also comprises the jumping-up bar 1 in order to carry out jumping-up to the jumping-up blank in die cavity 21, the upper end of this jumping-up bar 1 usually with in order to provide the press ram of pressure to be connected, its lower end can stretch into via aforementioned opening 22 that die cavity 21 is interior carries out jumping-up process to jumping-up blank.
Below to when utilizing heading die shown in Fig. 2 to carry out jumping-up treatment process, the operation principle of this heading die describes simply.
First the blank in order to make 45 ° of skew Ts is placed in the die cavity 21 of mould shown in Fig. 2, jumping-up bar 1 moves down and enters in die cavity 21 and carries out upsetting pressure process to blank under press ram drives, in this jumping-up operation, blank height in the vertical direction reduces, 660mm is less than or equal to when the bottom face of jumping-up bar 1 is more than or equal to 640mm to the distance between base planar portions 31, in other words, namely the jumping-up height of jumping-up part is more than or equal to 640mm when being less than or equal to 660mm, heading die quits work, then jumping-up operation terminates, jumping-up bar 1 exits die cavity 21 under press ram drives.Wherein, afore-mentioned distance can be any one in 640mm, 650mm, 660mm.
Step 2 and step 3 adopt indirect-extrusion mould and perforated die to realize respectively.Wherein, the difference of heading die shown in indirect-extrusion mould and Fig. 2 is only, utilizes the jumper bar 5 in perforated die shown in Fig. 3 to replace the jumping-up bar 1 shown in Fig. 2, and the jumping-up part formed by jumper bar 5 pairs of steps 1 carries out backward extrusion process.In step 2, jumper bar 5 moves into down in die cavity 21 and carries out backward extrusion process to the jumping-up part that step 1 is formed under press ram drives, and jumping-up part fills whole die cavity 21 gradually under backward extrusion process.When indirect-extrusion mould carries out backward extrusion process to pre-provisioning request to the drip molding of 45 ° of three-way pieces, then backward extrusion operation terminates.
As shown in Figure 3, the difference of heading die shown in perforated die and Fig. 2 is, utilizes the jumper bar 5 in perforated die shown in Fig. 3 to replace the jumping-up bar 1 shown in Fig. 2, meanwhile, removes and rushes the end 4 shown in Fig. 2.In step 3, jumper bar 5 moves into down in die cavity 21 and carries out punching process to the drip molding that step 2 is formed under press ram drives, when jumper bar 5 forms hole (through hole namely in main pipe fittings 61) through along the vertical direction on the drip molding that step 2 is formed, perforation process terminates, then jumper bar 5 is oppositely withdrawn under press ram drives, and completes perforation process thus.
In the present invention, due in step 1, at the end of utilizing mould preform 45 ° of skew T jumping-up part work steps, the bottom face of jumping-up bar 1 is more than or equal to 640mm to the distance between base planar portions 31 and is less than or equal to 660mm, make the metal streamline distribution of drip molding in each work step good, specifically as shown in Figure 4, wherein, Fig. 4 (a) is the metal streamline distribution schematic diagram of drip molding in jumping-up work step, the technology streamline distribution schematic diagram that Fig. 4 (b) is drip molding in backward extrusion work step, Fig. 4 (c) is the metal streamline distribution schematic diagram of drip molding in perforation work step, and, the left and right sides height of the final drip molding of 45 ° of skew Ts remains basically stable as shown in Figure 5, do not occur folding, the forging defects such as percolation, the final forming effect of 45 ° of skew Ts is relatively good, machining allowance can be fewer, relatively material-saving.
If when the distance between the bottom face of jumping-up bar 1 to base planar portions 31 is less than 640mm or is greater than 660mm, the left and right sides height difference of the final drip molding of 45 ° of skew Ts is obvious, and final forming effect is poor.Specifically as shown in Figure 6, when jumping-up height is 780 ~ 660mm, the right side of 45 ° of skew Ts will exceed left side; When jumping-up height is 640 ~ 600mm, again occur the situation of right side higher than left side of 45 ° of skew Ts, and when jumping-up height is 600mm there is obvious defect in skew T.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.